^' 


,.y;.. 


J^.'^Js. 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


f/> 


1.0 


I.I 


145 

150 


1^      1^ 


la 


1^  Uk 

12.2 

li 


1.25  1  1.4      1.6 

< 

6"     

► 

*^ 


^l 


^^^' 
•% 


y 


Hiotographic 

Sdences 

Corporation 


"4^V^ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Cv 


^ 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Nottui*  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 


n 


D 


n 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I    Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagde 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur6e  et/ou  peilicuiie 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


Cartes  g^ographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  inic  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  Mure  serrie  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  int6rieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajoutdes 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais.  lorsque  cela  dtait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  filmies. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Cornmentaires  suppl^mentaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6t6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  net  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique.  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  m6thode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu6s  ci-dessous. 


I      I    Coloured  pages/ 


v/ 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommagdes 


n    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaurdes  et/ou  pellicul6es 

0    Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d^colordes.  tachetdes  ou  piqu6es 

n    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ddtachdes 

Showthrough/ 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Quality  indgale  de  I'impression 

Includes  supplementary  materii 
Comprend  du  materiel  suppldmentaire 


[~T|    Showthrough/ 

I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 

I      I    Includes  supplementary  material/ 


□    Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partieliement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata.  une  pelure. 
etc.,  ont  6t6  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

y 

12X 

16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

The  copy  filmed  here  hes  been  reproduced  thenks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Netional  Library  of  Cana  i*^ 


L'exempiaire  filmi  fut  reproduit  grfice  it  ia 
g^nirositi  de: 

Bibliothdque  nationale  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  qii<<;lity 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduitss  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  la  condition  et 
de  la  nettetd  de  rexemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimis  sont  filmis  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  salon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film6s  an  commen^ant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc..  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film6s  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  filmd  d  partir 
de  Tangle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  nicessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


1 

2 

3 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

> 

4 

5 

6 

; 


/.  'U  / 


^  f^/>i  // 


L  /rn-it/il 


/ 


!  !  !: 


M  ;  >  ;    !• 


s     \ 


I  U  i-J     A  JN  U     JJ  U  'I'T  O  JN 

106    WASHIXOTOX   STREET, 

185;j. 


■  •••■v.:n^- 


■■:■•& 


't 


A 


THE 


FRONTIER   MISSIONARY: 


A     ^I  E  M  O  I  R 


OF  THE   I.IPE  OF  THE 


KEV.  JACOB  BAILEY,  A.  M 


MISSIONAUY  AT 


POWNALBOROUGH,  MINE ;  CORNWALLIS  AND  ANNAPOLIS.  N.  S. ; 


WITU 


(VJUitPUH 


,  llute,  aiiir  ail  ipptnbk ; 


I)Y 


I 


I 


WILLIAM  S.  BARTLET,  A.  M., 

Rector  of  St.  Luke's  Church.  Chelsea,  Mass.,  an,l  a  Corresponding  Member  of  tlw 
ilaine  'llstorical  Society. 


WITH   A  PREFACE 


BY 

RIGHT  REV.  GEORGE  BURGESS,  D.  D., 
Bishop  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  Diocese  of  JIaine. 


BOSTON: 
IDE  AND  DUTTON, 

106    WA8HIXGT0K  STKEKT, 

i85y. 


4  , 


234112 


Entered  uccoriliiiK  to  Act  of  Conpress,  In  the  year  ln5:i,  liy 

WILLIAM  S.  KAIMLKT, 

In  tlie  Clerk's  Olllco  of  the  District  Court  of  the  District  of  Mnssncliusctts. 


WniTB    AND    POTTER, 

Trlnters,  No.  4  Spring  Lane,  Boston 


TO    THE 


REV.   FRANCIS   L.  HAWKS,   1).]).  U.]),^ 

IIISTOIlIOGIlArilEE 


OF    Tllli 


I'KOTE.STAXT    EnsCOTAL    CIIUllCII 

IN   Till'. 

rxiTED   STATES  OF  AMERICA, 
THIS    VOLUME, 

11  i:  i  ,\  G    A    C  O  NT  K  I  It  U  TI  O  N    TO     THAT 

UEl'ARTJIEXT   01'   J.ITEllATUKE 

WHICH    UK    KAS    SO    .SLLCKSSiX-LLY   CULTIVATKU, 

IS, 

HY    PiaiMISbloX, 

MESPECTTILI.Y    DEDICATED, 


BY      HIS     Ob  :•:  1)  I  l;  \  T     B  E  U  V  A  > 


N  T 


AM)    IlUOTHI.l;    IX    THE    OOSrEL, 


WILLIAM   S.   BARTLET. 


AUliUST,    .MDCCCLIU. 


of 
'4 


pim:fa(!e 


9 


The  man  whoso  biography  forms  tlic  main  thromt  of  this 
vohune,  can  scaicoly  bo  said  to  Iiavc  boon  ominont  in  liis 
gonoration.  Bnt  both  his  character  an<I  his  career  were 
somewhat  remarkable:  he  li,ed  in  ovontfnl  .lays;  and 
ho  left  bohuHl  hun  a  singular  abundance  of  those  manu- 
script memorials,  which  bring  the  manners  and  the  men 
ot  any  period  so  visibly  before  tlie  eves  of  posterity 

Ihese  materials  came  to  the  hands  of  one  with  whom 
to  exammo,  to  study,  to  arrange,  to  digest   them  with 

aiorrf  lov'^Tr'  """  indefatigable  attention,  was  a 
labor  ot  love,  ihe  pages  of  the  book  itself  will  suffi. 
cently  dec  are  how  foithfully  every  minute  pearl  of  his- 
toncal  fact,  whether  more  or  less  precious,  has  be^ 
brough  to  the  light  of  day.  They  cannot  di  close,  ho" 
ever,  what  I  can  testify, -the  vast  extent,  various  eon- 
tents  and  discouraging  aspect  of  that  sea  of  documents 
out  of  which  these  facts  have  been  rescued 

It  IS  difficult  for  one  who  has  followed  this  frontier 
missionary,  both  along  the  banks  of  his  own  rivers  and 
In-ough  the  autograph  record  of  his  struggles,  t'ud"e 
how  far  others  may  possibly  be  interestedTn  si  eh  a"ale 
transferred  to  other  scenes,  and  to  the  printed  page 


VI 


r  R  F,  F  \  f  F. 


I'hcro  must  bo  muny.  however,  wlm  \vill  tiiid  an  attrac- 
tion in  tlit'se  simple  "glimpses  ot"  New  I'.iii^Maud  life,  as  it 
Avas  a  contuvy  aL!;o;  those  oollepjo  assoeiations  of  a  Har- 
vard student,  mIioso  p(»vorty  placed  him  at  the  foot  of  a 
class  which  Jiad  a  AN'ontMorlh  at  its  liead,  and  .lolin 
Adams  amongst  its  mend)crs ;  tins  oxperiencc;  of  the 
schoolmastor,  who  oxchanfros  his  Puritan  home  for  the 
rude  interior  of  a  man-of-war,  and  thence  emerucs  into 
all  the  hustle  of  London,  to  talk  witli  I'ranklin,  and 
receive  tlic  speechless  blessing'  of  th<'  dyiui;-  tSherlock  ; 
these  walks  of  the  lonely  missionary  through  the  woods, 
and  these  journeys  by  water,  slu)rt,  l)ut  toilsome,  m  his 
pastoral  "socation  ;  these  patient  ministrations  amongst 
his  humble  iiock,  mterspersed  with  llie  jecreations  of  a 
favorite  garden  and  an  ever-ready  pen  ;  these  overshad- 
owing skirts  of  the  national  tempest,  reaching  e\on  to 
him,  while  the  expedition  of  lienedict  Arnold,  on  its 
slow^  way  towards  (iuebec,  through  the  \vilderness,  thins 
his  little  congregation  as  it  passes  by;  tlu>;e  trials  of  the 
exiles  who,  honestly  hostile  to  change,  and  knowing  not 
how  to  be  silent,  leave  their  home  to  bo  overgrown  with 
weeds,  and  their  house  of  prayer  to  fall  to  the  ground, 
and  still,  after  years  of  separation,  cannot  but  cast  a  lin- 
gering look  behind.  As  a  picture  of  the  times  which 
just  preceded  the  Revolution,  this  book  must  hav(^  its 
value,  even  for  general  history. 

To  the  history  of  Maine  it  otters  no  unimportant  con- 
tribution ;  and,  in  a  much  inferior  degree,  it  may  be  sub- 
servient to  that  of  Nova  Scotia.  Some  of  the  local  par- 
ticulars which  are  here  collected,  would  otherwise  have 
been  irrevocably  lost ;  and  they  will  entitle  the  author  to 
gratoftil  remembrance  in  the  regions  -w itli  "\\hich  his  nar- 
'if^lli^'is  chiefly  connected. 
''■'"Thiis  book  will  also  take  its  place  amongst  the  author- 


r  II  i:i'  ACE. 


Ml 


itics  of  those  who,  in  a  future  day,  "hull  trace  the  early 
annals  of  llie  Kpi^^cojial  Cliureh  in  Anieriea.  It  was  in 
the  rescarelu's  to  whicli  it  led,  that  tiie  author  l)rouL;ht 
to  li,i;ht  those  inlereslinj^  facts  deluded  in  the  journal  of 
the  colony  of  l'oi)hani,  at  Sui^'udahoek  ;  the  name  of  the 
first  minister  who  iJrcached  the  (iospel  in  New  Jlnnland, 
a  minister  of  the  J!n;;lish  Church;  and  the  erection  of 
the  lirst  house  of  ANorship,  a  church  or  ehupel,  for  the 
perlormance  of  divine  service,  accordin<^  to  tlie  Book  of 
Coinmon  I'rayiu-.  'r]irou<j:h  the  delay  in  the  ])ul)licution 
of  this  Nolnme,  tli(\se  facl  ;  have  become  sonn^what  known 
ulreudy  ;  but  they  mi^ht  long  have  remained  unknown, 
if  tlie  manuscripts  of  ^Ir.  IJailcy  had  falh^n  ii'to  other 
hands. 

The  post  of  Jacob  Baili'/  on  the  Ken'iebec,  was  one 
which  was  established  and  supported  by  tlu;  Cliristiim 
diarity  of  llie  N'encu'able  Society  for  the  i*ro[)agation  of 
the  (iospel ;  and  of  all  the  deeds  of  its  beneficence  which 
have  lately  been  connnemorated  in  the  review  of  its  cen- 
tury and  a  half  of  j2;rowth,  few  were  kinder  than  the 
eftbrt  to  supply  tlio  means  of  grace  to  the  poor  settlers 
of  I'rankfort,  otherwise  so  friendless.  There  was  no 
encroachment  n])on  sectarian  ground:  it  was  a  simple 
work  of  charity;  and  tht^  time  may  come  when  even  this 
seed,  which  ap[)eared  to  be  quite  trodden  down  in  the 
struggle  of  revolution,  will  be  seen  to  havr^  borne  its 
frint  after  man}'  da\s. 

That  a  considerable  portion  of  the  clergy  maintained 
their  allegiance  to  the  British  crown,  may  be  remembered 
with  regret,  but  not  with  shame.  There  is  no  cause  to 
blush  for  a  mistaken  conscience,  or  for  sacrifices  to  prin- 
ciples, the  highest  in  themselves,  though  erroneously 
applied.  Should  a  crisis  arrive,  when  the  citizen  of  one 
of  the  TTnited  States  shall  be  compelled  to  choose  be- 


vm 


PREFACE. 


S 
■^ 


;ifl 


tween  the  commands  of  his  own  State  and  those  of  the 
Federal  government,  the  position  of  those  clergymen 
may  then  be  apprccijited.  Many  of  their  brethren  were 
on  the  popular  side :  tlie  patriarchal  Bishop  White  sus- 
tained that  side  from  settled  conviction ;  and,  knowing 
as  we  now  do,  the  great  designs  of  Providence  for  our 
Republic,  and  the  boundless  blessings  which  its  establish- 
ment has  shed  abroad,  we  must  lament  that  good  men 
should  have  shipwrecked  their  temporal  fortunes,  and, 
for  a  time,  the  interests  of  their  communion,  by  their  too 
tenacious  adherence  to  obligations  Avhich  the  national 
will  had  dissolved.  AVe  can  read  of  the  sufferings  of 
the  loyalists  without  danger  lest  our  sympathies  should 
persuade  us  to  forget  the  prcciousness  of  our  political 
heritage,  or  the  great  deeds  by  which  it  was  purchased ; 
and  this  book  will  cast  some  light  over  that  painful 
story. 

It  would  be  delightful  indeed,  did  the  narrative  dis- 
close, in  its  chief  subject,  the  proofs  of  a  more  exalted 
order  of  piety.  For  him  it  can  only  be  claimed  that,  in 
an  age  of  little  zeal,  and  on  a  remote  spot,  where  he  was 
quite  without  those  incitements  of  brotlierly  counsel  and 
society,  to  Avhich  we  all  owe  so  much,  he  strove  honestly 
to  fulfil  ids  pastoral  duty  according  to  the  measure  of  his 
age.  His  own  papers  reveal  strong  prejudices  ;  a  rather 
unyielding  temper  ;  and  some  tinge  of  eccentricity.  But 
they  will  also  exhibit  a  fidelity,  a  courage,  a  sensibility 
to  kindness,  and  a  willingness  to  labor  uirler  discourage- 
ment and  self-denial,  which  must  win  respect,  though 
the  example,  viewed  as  that  of  a  Christian  minister,  be, 
even  in  our  eyes,  far  from  faultless. 

G.  B. 

Gardiner,  Me.,  August,  1853. 


1 

i 


TABLE   OF  CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  I. 


Description  of  Rowley,  Mass.,  1,  2;  Birth  of  Jacob  Bailey,  2;  His  account  of  his 
Early  Life,  2  ;  Habits  of  his  Town's  People,  3, 4,  o  ;  His  Bashfuluess,  .5 ;  Letter  to  a 
Lady,  giving  an  account  of  his  Boyhood  and  Youth,  o,  (5 ;  His  desire  for  Knowl- 
edge, 6  ;  Slender  Means,  7;  Interest  taken  in  him  by  the  Minister  of  the  Parish,  7; 
Puts  himself  under  his  instruction,  7 ;  Rev.  Jedediah  Jcwett,  7. 


(lis- 
ted 
in 
as 
ncl 
tly 
his 
her 
[3ut 
Lity 
Ige- 

(bo, 


CHAPTER  II. 

Mr.  Bailey  enters  Harvard  College,  8;  His  daily  Journals,  8;  Every  generation  de- 
preciates itself  in  some  respects,  8  ;  Great  improvement  in  the  purity  of  New  Eng- 
land Morals  within  a  Century,  0 ;  Statement  of  some  Social  Customs  in  the  last 
Century,  9 ;  A  New  England  ALirriajre,  10 ;  Assistance  of  Friends  in  Boston,  11 ; 
Feelings  of  Discouras^omcnt.  11 ;  Visit  to  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  11 ;  Aid  received 
there,  12;  Visit  to  N.?w  Castle,  12;  —  to  Kittery,  13;  Interview  with  Sir  William 
Pepperell,  13  ;  Further  aid  in  Portsmouth,  13 ;  Extracts  from  an  account  of  a  Jour- 
ney to  Connecticut,  11  to  27;  Sccoiul  Visit  to  Portsmouth,  27  ;  Ladies  visit  Mr. 
Bailey  in  College,  28  ;  Visits  Rev.  Jonathna  l'ar.;ons,  at  Xcwluiry,  2.');  Ludicrous 
Scene  in  the  Jleeting-house,  28;  Sunday  Evcniuu:,  28;  :Mr.  Buili-y  Graduates,  30; 
Names  of  his  Classmates,  .30  ;  Ivxpr-jssion  of  obligation  to  lie  v.  J.  Jeweti,  -'Jl. 

CHAPTEll   111. 

Common  School  Education  in  New  England,  ■■)2 ;  Mr.  Bailey  keep*  .Sehnul  in  Rowfe}, 
33;  — in  Kingston,  N.  II.,  33;  Description  of  Kingston  and  its  Inhabitants,  33 ; 
State  of  Morals  in  Kingston,  34  ;  Closes  his  School,  3.5  ;  Commences  a  School  at 
Hampton,  N.  II.,  .36;  Communication  for  the  New  Hampshire  Gazette,  3t);  Resigns 
his  School  at  Il.ampton,  and  conuncnces  teaching  in  Gloucester,  Mass.,  37;  Visits 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  and  Exeter,  38;  Preaches  his  "Approbation  "  I'i^fcourse  before 
a  Congregational  Association,  39 ;  Approved  l)y  them  to  preacli  tlie  ( .ospel,  3f) ;  At 
Commencement  at  Harvard  College,  39;  Visits  Portsmouth,  N.  11.,  39;  At  Hamp- 
ton, 40;  Suggestion  made  that  he  should  seek  a  Vacant  Mission  of  the  Church  of 
England,  in  New  Hampshire,  40  ;  Measures  taken  by  him  for  that  purpose,  10  ;  Con- 
fers with  Capt.  Gibbs  on  the  subject,  40  ;  Performs  a  part  in  a  Play,  41  ;  Preaches  in 
Hampton,  42  ;  Preach  ,.  three  Sundays  in  Plymouth,  Mass.,  42;  Letter  to  Rev.  H. 
Caner,  43;  Letter  to  Dr.  Silvester  Gardiner,  13;  Review  of  Mr.  Bailey's  previous 
Life,  44-47. 


i 


CONTENTS. 


-? 

4 


h 


CHAPTER  IV. 

Journey  to  Boston,  48 ;  Arrival  there,  48 ;  Visit  to  Harvard  College,  49 ;  Treatment 
by  the  President,  49  ;  Calls  on  the  Boston  Clergy,  49  ;  Goes  on  board  the  "  Hind," 
61 ;  The  Ship  drops  down  to  Nantasket,  52  ;  Description  of  the  place  assigned  to 
Mr.  Bailey,  o2;  Company  assembled  in  it,  52-54;  Their  Conduct,  54;  Adventure 
of  two  of  the  Ship's  OtHccrs,  .55;  The  Ship  goes  to  Sea,  56;  Terrific  Storm,  57; 
Lands  in  Portsmouth,  England,  58  ;  Journey  to  London,  60;  Arrival  in  London, 
GO  ;  Interview  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Propagation  Society,  61 ;  With  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  CI ;  Kxamiuation  for  Holy  Orders,  61 ;  Ordained  Deacon  62;  Dines 
at  Bisliop  of  London's  Table,  63 ;  Waits  ur)on  Dr.  Franklin,  63 ;  Crowds  attend- 
ing Whitefield's  Preaching,  64 ;  Ordained  Priest,  64 ;  Calls  on  Bishop  of  London, 
66 ;  Receives  the  Royal  Bounty,  66 ;  Dines  with  Dr,  Franklin,  66 ;  Prepares  to 
return  to  America,  66 ;  Sight  of  Land,  66 ;  Arrival  in  Boston,  67. 


CHAPTER  V. 

Early  Setllfinonts  in  North  America,  68 ;  Colonies  at  St.  Croix  and  Annapolis  Rivers, 
68-,  KenncHcc  iind  Pt-nobscot  Rivers  visited,  68;  Plymouth  Company  formed,  69; 
Landing  of  Colonists  at  Kennebec,  69  ;  Regular  Public  Worship  there,  70 ;  Colony 
at  Suco,  71 ;  Rev.  Robert  Jordan,  72. 


Hi 


CHAPTER  VI. 

Proprietors  of  Kcnncboc  Purchase,  74;  Germans  settle  at  Frankfort,  74;  Circum- 
stances of  these  .Settlers,  75;  Destitute  of  Religious  Instruction,  75  ;  Efforts  of  a 
Jesuit,  76;  Application  to  "Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel,"  etc.,  76;  Rev. 
Willi.am  ^lack-nniichan  sent  as  Missionary,  77 ;  Mr.  Maclennachan  removes  from 
the  Mission,  77;  E.\.tent  of  the  Mission,  78;  Rev.  Jacob  Bailey  succeeds  Mr. 
Maclennachan,  78;  Mr.  Bailey's  Marriage,  80;  Extract  from  Mr.  Bailey's  Report, 
80;  Petition  fiimi  Georgetown,  81  ;  Extract  from  Mr.  Bailey's  Letter  to  the  Society, 
P.  G.,  etc.,  S."  ;  Uev.  W.  W.  Wheeler,  ^lissiouary  at  Georgetown,  86 ;  Steps  taken 
to  build  .1  Cluirch  at  Pownalboro\igh,  SG ;  Church  occupied,  87;  "  Account  of  the 
First  Mission  ou  Kennc-bcc  River,"  88-91;  Persecutions  by  "M."'  and  "X.,"  93; 
Rev.  W.  W.  Wheeler  leaves  Georgetown,  98 ;  Attempts  to  establish  a  Congrega- 
tional Society,  Mil;  ]\Ir.  Biiiloy's  Writings.  101;  Account  of  the  Parsonage  and 
Grounds  at  Pownnlborou^'li,  1(>2-I0i;  Persecution  while  on  a  Jomncy,  105;  Report 
to  the  "?-ociety  P.  G.,"  105;  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks  persecuted,  108;  Attempt  upon 
the  Lives  oi  the  Inmritcs  of  the  Parsonage,  108;  Travelling  Preachers,  1U9  ;  Rais- 
ing a  Librrty  Polo,  110  ;  Persecutions  of  Mr.  Bailey,  112 ;  Second  attempt  to  estab- 
lish a  Congregational  Society,  IIIJ;  I'.piscopalians  taxed  for  this  purpose,  113;  Mr. 
Bailey  flees  to  Boston,  116;  Second  Journey  to  Boston,  117;  Extracts  from  his 
Journal,  117-121;  Persecution  continues,  122-126;  Sufferings  of  the  People  in 
Maine,  127-  128. 

CHAPTER   VII. 

Mr.  Bailey  and  Family  leave  Pownalborough,  129;  Visit  Georgetown,  130;  Depart 
for  Nova  .Scotiii,  1.^:J ;  Incidents  of  the  Voyage,  1.33;  Account  of  Mr.  Rhodes,  137; 
Incidents  of  tlie  Vnyage,  138-156;  Arrival  at  Halifax,  15G;  Meets  old  Friends,  156; 
Visited  by  Rev.  Dr.  Breynton,  1  J!1 ;  Waits  upon  the  Governor,  161;  Commences 
Ilijusekeeping.  li'>S. 


CONTENTS. 


XI 


poijart 

137; 

I,  lo6; 

Icnccs 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

Donation  from  the  General  Assembly,  172 ;  Invited  to  ofKciate  at  Cornwallis,  173 ; 
Ilemoves  to  Cornwallis,  175;  Report  to  the  Society  P.  G.,  177;  Letter  from  Rev. 
Samuel  Peters,  D.  D.,  178;  History  of  Connecticut,  170  ;  Missionat  Annapolis,  180; 
Appointment  to  Annapolis,  182;  Account  of  Journey  irom  Cornwallis  to  Annapolis, 
184-190;  Letter  to  the  Society  P.  G.,  191;  Large  Immigration  at  Annapolis,  193; 
Report  to  the  Society  P.  G.,  194;  Immigration  at  Annapolis,  195;  Keport  to  the 
Society  P.  G.,  H)G ;  Letter  to  Rev.  S.  Parker,  D.  D.,  197;  Church  at  Annapolis 
opened  for  Divine  Service,  197 ;  Letter  from  Rev.  Dr.  Parker,  193 ;  Letter  to  Rev. 
S.  Peters,  D.  D.,  199;    Letter  from  Rev.  S.  Peters,  D.  D.,  202;   Letter  to  Rev. 

S.  Peters,  D.  D.,  204 ;   Report  to  Society  P.  G.,  208  ;   Letter  to  Mr.  T B , 

212;  Report  to  Society  P.  G.,  213 ;  Letter  to  Rev.  S.  Peters,  D.  D.,  213;  Report  to 
Society  P.  G.,  219 ;  Idem,  220;  Idem,  222;  Sunday  Schools  established  in  Xova 
Scotia,  224  ;  Mi.  Bailey  appointed  Deputy  Chaplain  at  Annapolis,  224  ;  Letter  to  the 
Society  P.  G.,  227;  Letter  from  Bishop  Inglis,  228;  Mr.  Bailey's  Death,  228;  No- 
tice of  his  Family,  229 ;  Estimate  of  his  Character,  230. 


Notes, 


234 


Appendix,  ..........  277 

St.  John's  Church,  Pownalborough,  277;  Church  at  Georgetown,  280;  St.  Paul's 
Church,  Portland,  282  ;  Christ  Church,  Gardiner,  284  ;  Kittcry,  286 ;  Prospect, 
287 ;  Rev.  W.  AV.  Wheeler,  Missionary  at  Georgetown,  287 ;  Silvester  Gardiner, 
M.  D.,  290  ;  Contribution  to  the  List  of  Tliree  Hundred  Ministers,  294;  Abstract 
of  Sermons,  295. 

Notices  of  Loyalists,    ........  311 

Rev.  Edward  Bass,  D.  D.,  312;  Rev.  J.  Wingate  Weeks,  31.5;  Hev.  William  Clark, 
317;  Rev.  John  Wiswall,  318;  Rev.  Roger  Viets,  319;  Rev.  ^' -thcr  Byles,  Jr., 
D.  D.,  320;  Rev. Bissett,  321;  Itev.  Henry  Cancr,  322;  Hev.  John  Trout- 
beck,  322;  Rev.  John  Yardill,  322  ;  Rev.  Isaac  Brown,  ;i22;  Sergeant  (Rpv.  W.  '), 

322;  Captain Smith,  322;  John  McNamarra,  32;3;  Dr.  John  Calf,  3'Jl ;  Moses 

Foster,  324;  Robert  Jenkins,  324;  Simmons,  324  ;  John  Jor.cs, ''2.5 ;  Thomas 

Brown,  327;  Capt.  Charles  Callahan,  827;   Thomas  Turner,  James  Turner, 

Cookson,  John  Carlo,  Martin  Carlo,  329  ;    Edmund  Doharty,  330  ;    Capt.  

Combs,  330  ;    Joseph  Domette,  330  ;    Capt. Campbell,  3"1  ;   Thomas  Robie, 

331 ;   Joseph  Patten,  331 ;  Major Rogers,  331 ;  Dmvling,  332;  


■  Forman,  3:32  ;  Col.  (Peter  ?)  Fry,  332; 


Cumming?-.,  332  ;  John  !McKown,  332  ;  — 

William   G.-irdincr,  332  ;    Wallace,  333;    Nathaniel   Garil'a-r,  3.33  :    

Charlestowi.,  334;  Ur.  James  Tupper,  334;  Benjamin  Snow,  3.J.3 ;   John  Lee,  'i3o; 

Capt.  Antill  Gallop,  335  ;  Will;   ms,  3.35  ;  James  Rogers,  '■]!') ;  Simon  Baxter, 

330;    Bartholomew  Sullivan,  330;    Dr.  Jonathan  Hicks,  3.3(; ;    George  Lvde,  330; 

John  Carleton,  33G; Jackson,  337;    Dr.  Coffin,  337;   Dr.  Cassimire 

Meyer,  337;  Major  Samuel  Goodwin,  337- 

Letters  axd  Journals,  .......  338 

Letters  to  Amos  Bailey,  338,  348,  340,  350;  llev.  11.  Caner,  338;  Dr.  Silvester  Gar- 
diner, 338,  351,  352;  William  (iardiner,  340,  rt.  .•  Mills  and  Hicks,  .347,  348;  Mrs. 
Susanna  Renkin,  348;  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks,  343,  314,  315 :  Rev.  W.  W.  Wheeler,  312. 


ii 


II 


/ 


'/U/1/{js7^^ 


J2^- 


THE  FRONTIER  MISSIONARY. 


CHAPTER  I. 

Near   the  north-east  corner  of  the  old  Bay  State,  lies  the 

ancient  town  of  Rowley. 

The  northerly  line  of  Massachusetts,  if  it  continued  in  the 

straight  course  in  which  it  runs  from  the  westerly  border  of  the 

Commonwealth,  would  strike  the  ocean  to  the  southward  of 
this  place,  throwing  it  and  the  neighboring  ancient  town  of 
Newbury  within  the  limits  of  New  Hampshire.     The  dividing 
line  between  the  two  States,  however,  crosses  the  Merrimac 
River,  some  forty  miles  from  its  mouth,  and  then  running 
parallel  with  that  river  at  a  distance  of  three  miles  from  it 
proceeds  m  an  irregular  course,  generally  in  a  north-easterlv 
direction,  till  it  meets  the  sea  which  washes  Salisbury  Beach. 
The  townships  spoken  of,  lie,  therefore,  as  it  were,  in  the  bow 
ol  a  parenthesis. 

Even  now,  when  the  improved  facilities  of  travel  have 
brought  Rowley  into  close  connection  with  other  places  it 
remains  a  comparatively  quiet  and  secluded  spot.  Though 
near  the  sea,  the  communication  with  it  is  circuitous,  and 
small  vessels  only  can  approach  any  part  of  the  township, 
ihere  is  hardly  sufficient  water  power  for  the  grist-mills 
needed  by  the  inhabitants.  ' 

If  such  be  the  present  condition  of  this  ancient  settlement, 
when  almost  every  New  England  town  has  greatly  increased 
and  wonderfully  changed  during  the  last  fifty  years,  it  may 


\t 


FRONTIER       MISSIONARY 


;     OR, 


[1731. 


well  be  supposed  that  a  century  since,  Rowley  was  a  place  in 
whicii  manners  and  customs,  once  formed,  would  continue 
stereotyped  for  a  long  time. 

Distant,  as  it  was,  a  long  summer  day's  ride  on  horseback 
from  the  metropolis;  seldom  resorted  to,  either  for  busir^^s 
or  pleasure,  by  strangers*,  and  the  occupation  of  its  inhabitants 
being  mainly  agricultural,  the  stamp  which  its  Puritan  settlers 
affixed  upon  its  society  was  not  only  visible,  but  still  sharply 
defined.  A  seaboard  town,  and  yet,  practically,  almost  cut  oft" 
from  the  sea,  it  had  hardly  the  resources  that  are  common  to 
most  New  England  communities,  and  its  society  resembled 
more  nearly  that  of  settlements  far  in  the  interior,  than  might 
be  expected  in  a  place  in  which  the  roar  of  the  Atlantic  might 
be  heard  in  every  easterly  storm. 


m 


m\ 


[Birth-place  of  Jacob  Bailey.] 

In  this  community  Jacob  Bailey,*  the  subject  of  this 
Memoir,  was  born,  in  the  year  1731,  and  the  following  account 
is  in  his  own  language,  written  when  he  had  arrived  at  middle 
age,  and  after  education  and  travel  had  improved  his  mind. 

"  In  my  very  childhood,  as  soon  as  I  was  able  to  read,  I  was 
seized  with  an  insatiable  desire  of  travelling,  and  a  boundless 


V4 


*  See  note  A. 


I 


iii! 


1741.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


this 
30unt 
iddle 


curiosity  to  visit  foreign  countries.  Tliis  inclination  I  was 
obliged  to  suppress,  since  such  numerous  obstacles  arose  to 
check  my  ambition,  and  to  prevent  me  from  indulging  those 
desires,  which  all  my  acquaintance  looked  upon  as  extrava- 
gant and  romantic. 

"  When  I  had  completed  my  tenth  year,  I  found  myself  an 
inhabitant  of  a  place  remarkable  for  ignorance,  narrowness  of 
mind,  and  bigotry. 

"  An  uniform  method  of  thinking  and  acting  prevailed,  and 
nothing  could  be  more  criminal  than  for  one  person  to  be 
more  learned,  religious,  or  polite,  than  another.  For  instance, 
if  one  happened  to  make  advances  in  knowledge  beyond  his 
neighbors,  he  was  immediately  looked  upon  as  an  odd,  unac- 
countable fellow,  was  shunned  by  every  company,  and  left  to 
drink  his  mug  of  flip*  alone  on  lecture-day  night.  He  was 
sure  to  draw  upon  him  the  contempt  and  ridicule  of  the  other 
sex,  and  always  became  the  banter  of  the  young  females,  not 
only  at  the  frolic  and  dance,  but  at  the  washing  tub  and  spin- 
ning wheel. 

"  Whenever  a  person  began  to  make  a  figure  in  religion,  or 
had  the  boldness  to  be  more  virtuous  than  his  companions,  he 
instantly  drew  upon  him  the  envy  of  the  old  professors,  who 
branded  him  with  the  odious  names  of  upstart,  hypocrite,  and 
new-light. 

"  As  for  all  politeness  and  every  kind  of  civility,  except 
what  their  great-grandfathers  taught  them,  it  was  esteemed  a 
crying  sin.  Thus  I  have  known  a  boy  whipped  for  saying  Sir 
to  his  father,  when  he  came  from  school,  —  a  young  fellow 
severely  reprimanded  for  drinking  a  health, — and  a  very  pretty 
girl  obliged  to  live  a  virgin  ten  years,  for  once  preferring  a  gen- 
tleman to  a  plough  jogger,  and  for  saluting  every  body  with  a 
courtesy.  The  old  people  were  so  tenacious  of  the  customs 
of  their  ancestors,  that  no  consideration  could  prevail  upon 
them  to  vary  in  the  minutest  instance.  This  stupid  exactness 
might  be  discovered  in  the  field,  at  home,  at  the  tavern,  and 


« «' 


Flip  ;  toddy  made  with  New  England  rum." — Gage's  History  ofRoidey,  p.  269. 


m 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1741. 


even  in  the  mecting-lionse.  Every  man  planted  as  many  acres 
of  Indian  corn,  and  sowed  the  same  number  with  rye ;  he 
ploughed  with  as  many  oxen,  hoed  it  as  often,  and  gathered 
in  his  crop  on  the  same  day  with  his  grandfather.  With 
regard  to  his  family,  he  salted  down  the  same  quantity  of  beef 
and  pork,  wore  the  same  kind  of  stockings,  and  at  table,  sat 
and  said  grace  with  his  wife  and  children  around  him,  just  as 
his  predecessors  had  done  before  him. 

"  At  the  tavern  the  same  regulation  obtained,  where  it  was 
esteemed  impious  to  venture,  except  on  a  training  or  lecture- 
day.  Upon  the  former  occasion,  the  good  man  always  bought 
a  piece  of  sweet  cake  for  his  spouse,  and  a  roll  of  ginger-bread 
for  each  of  his  children ;  upon  the  latter,  you  might  see  the 
fathers  of  families  flocking  from  the  house  of  devotion,  with  a 
becoming  gravity  in  their  countenances,  to  the  house  of  flip. 

*'  The  young  sparks  assemble  in  the  evening  to  divert  them- 
selves, when,  after  two  or  three  horse-laughs  at  some  passage 
in  the  sermon,  they  proceed  in  the  following  manner.  They 
send  for  an  old  negro,  who  presently  makes  his  appearance 
with  the  parish  fiddle,  part  of  the  head  of  it  is  broken,  it  is 
glued  together  in  several  places  with  rosin,  has  three  strings, 
etc.  Now  the  music  begins,  which  instantly  inspires  the 
youths,  who  lead  out  the  willing  fair  to  mingle  in  the  dance. 
They  hold  this  violent  exercise,  till  sweat  and  fatigue  oblige 
them  to  desist.  In  this  interval,  one  is  despatched  to  the 
tavern  for  a  dram,  which  revives  their  spirits  till  midnight, 
when  they  separate.  They  have  one  excellent  custom  here, 
and  that  is,  their  constant  attendance  on  public  worship. 
Upon  the  ringing  of  the  bell  on  Sundays,  every  one  repairs  to 
the  meeting-house,  and  behaves  with  tolerable  decency  till 
prayers  are  over.  As  to  singing,  the  greatest  part  have  re- 
nounced their  prejudices  to  what  is  called  the  new  way,  but 
others  continue  to  place  such  sanctity  in  a  few  old  tunes,  that 
they  either  hang  down  their  heads  in  silence,  or  run  out  of 
the  meeting-house,  while  their  neighbors  are  singing  one  of  a 
more  modern  composition. 

"  When  the  sermon  begins,  every  one  has  the  privilege  of 
growing  drowsy,  about  the  middle  many  catch  a  nod,  and 


■I 
s 


1741.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOD     BAILEY. 


several  sleep  quietly  during  the  application.  These  honest 
people  would  esteem  it  a  great  hardship  if  they  were  denied 
the  privilege  of  taking  a  nap  once  a  week  in  their  meeting- 
house. 

"  Thus,  at  the  age  of  ten,  I  found  myself  among  these  peo- 
ple, without  any  education,  without  money  ;  and  to  increase 
my  misfortune,  I  was  bashful  to  the  extrcmest  degree. 

"  This  disposition  had  taken  such  a  possession  of  me,  that 
I  was  even  afraid  to  walk  the  streets  in  oj)cn  daylight,  and 
frequently,  when  I  have  been  sent  abroad  in  the  neighl)orhood 
of  an  errand,  I  have  gone  a  mile  about  through  fields  and 
bushes.  A  female  was  the  most  dreadful  sight  I  could  possi- 
bly behold,  and  till  I  was  eighteen,  I  had  never  courage  to 
speak  in  their  presence.  Whenever  I  had  the  misfortune  to 
meet  one  of  these  animals  in  tlie  street,  I  immediately  climbed 
over  the  fence,  and  lay  obscured  till  she  passed  along.  And, 
if  a  young  woman  happened  to  come  into  the  room  where  I 
was  sitting,  I  was  seized  with  a  trembling,  but  if  she  sj)ake, 
my  confusion  was  so  great,  that  it  was  a  long  time  before  I 
could  recover.  But  these  dillicultics,  instead  of  abating  my 
thirst  for  knowledge,  or  lessening  my  unbounded  desire  for 
travel,  only  served  as  so  many  incitements  to  these  acquisi- 
tions." 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  letter  written  in  mature  life. 
It  will  be  perceived  that  it  was  addressed  to  a  lady.  Neither 
her  name,  nor  the  date  of  the  letter,  however,  are  preserved. 


"  I  was  born  in  a  country  town  on  the  coast  of  New  Eng- 
land, of  honest  parents,  who,  notwithstanding  they  were  ex- 
tremely industrious,  could  obtain  but  a  scanty  maintenance 
for  themselves  and  their  numerous  family. 

"  It  was  my  misfortune,  from  the  earliest  period  of  my  life, 
to  be  bashful  to  the  extremest  degree. 

"  I  was,  when  a  child,  even  under  all  the  disadvantages  of 
poverty  and  a  narrow  ediacation,  extremely  ambitious,  and  my 
curiosity  was  unbounded,  and  my  thirst  for  knowledge  per- 
fectly insatiable.     I  was  for  taking  hold  of  every  opportunity 


6 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1750. 


(IttI 


to  incronso  my  Knowlcd^r,  improvo  my  nndfrstaiidiiief,  niul  to 
gain  iiitclli^ciu'o  of  liuinanr  all'airs.  Tlio  means  I  ciijoyrd  for 
mt'iital  a((|uircinoiits  were  indeed  very  infrequent  and  slender. 
I  was  disjjosed  to  jiass  all  my  h'isure  hours  in  learning,  and 
yet  was  unfurnished  with  any  kind  of  books,  or  any  means  of 
accpiiring  knowledge. 

"  I  was  constrained  to  labor  with  the  most  constant  and 
unwearied  diligence,  and  had  scarcely  time  allowed  me  for 
needful  recreation.  However,  a  season  is  n(;ver  wanting  to 
those  who  are  ready  to  improve  upon  any  occasion.  I  used 
to  redeem  an  hour  every  evening  from  the  small  jjortion  that 
was  allotted  for  my  sleep.  This,  for  want  of  books,  I  usually 
spent  in  scrii)l)ling,  so  that  I  composed  matter  upon  a  variety 
of  subjects,  sullicient,  I  suppose,  to  have  filled  several  volumes. 

"  It  happened,  one  evening,  after  I  had,  as  usual,  been  em- 
ployed, just  before  the  hour  of  repose,  with  my  pen,  that  I  was 
suddenly  called  away  upon  some  urgent  occasion.  In  the 
hurry  of  my  rising,  I  dropped  the  paper  which  I  had  been 
using,  so  that  it  was  taken  up  the  next  morning  by  a  person 
of  no  small  curiosity.  He  was  so  pleased  with  the  contents, 
that  he  instantly  communicated  it  to  the  perusal  of  some 
others,  till  at  length  it  arrived  at  the  Parson  of  our  Parish, 
who  was  a  pious  and  ingenious  gentleman.  He  was  so  taken 
with  the  performance,  that  he  resolved  to  pay  the  author  a 
visit.  By  some  means  or  other,  I  gained  intelligence  of  his 
design,  and  took  care  to  avoid  his  conversation,  by  secreting 
myself  from  the  knowledge  of  any  person.  I  took  a  ramble 
through  a  neighboring  grove,  where  I  gave  my  attention  to 
the  whispers  of  the  breeze,  the  noise  of  the  turtles,  and  the 
croaking  of  the  frogs,  till  I  thought  the  time  of  his  visit  had 
fully  expired.  For,  not  to  dissemble.  Madam,  I  esteemed  our 
minister,  in  that  day,  such  a  great  man,  that  thousands  would 
not  have  tempted  me  to  come  into  his  presence.  Being  ar- 
rived at  my  father's,  I  understood  that  he  had  paid  the  family 
a  visit,  and  had  prevailed  upon  my  father  to  let  him  have  the 
instructing  me  a  twelve  month,  and  that  without  any  con- 
sideration.    Such  was  his  unparalleled  generosity  I 

"  This  proposal,  however  advantageous   and   agreeable,  I 


,5 


1750.] 


LIFE     OF     IlKV.     JACOB     IIAILET. 


fi)iiiul  eiiciiMihi'nMl  with  iiisiipcriiljlc  dilliciiltics,  for  I  iiii;i<;itif(l 
it  iiiij)ossil)k'  to  iiitro(liic'(!  myself  to  llic  fiiiuily  without  perish- 
ing iiiKh'r  an  iiitoIerahU;  wei^'ht  of  blushes,  juul  the  deepest 
confusion.  The  day  soon  approached.  I  arose  in  the  morn- 
ing, having  never  closed  iny  eyes  the  preceding  night,  and 
directed  my  course  to  the  Parson's.  I  passed  \\\v.  house,  and 
walked  backwards  and  forwards  by  it,  I  think,  no  less  than 
ten  times.  A*  last,  a  strange  and  unusual  pang  of  courage 
and  resolution  c.  »ne  upon  me,  and  forced  me  up  to  the  door, 
but,  alas,  when  I  arrived,  my  heart  failed  me,  and  1  presently 
perceived  my  ;<pirits  beginning  to  sink,  till  finding  tluit  the 
eyes  of  a  young  female  in  the  neighborhood  were  turned 
towards  mi',  I  concluded,  of  the  two  evils,  prudentially  to 
choose  the  lesser,  and  so  instantly  entered.  1  gat  over  the 
dilliculties  of  my  first  address,  and  was  j)ut  to  learning  that 
very  afternoon,  and,  as  I  had  the  good  fortune  to  perceive, 
greatly  to  the  acceptance  and  admiration  of  my  master.'' 


unble 
on  to 
d  the 

had 
our 

ould 
g  ar- 

mily- 
the 

con- 


l 
I 


No  information  is  to  be  found  of  tin;  time  spent  in  his  pre- 
})aration  for  college.  Enough,  however,  has  been  stated,  to 
show  his  great  desire  for  learning,  and  the  serious  obstacles 
he  met  with  in  its  acquirement. 

To  the  Rev.  Jedediah  Jewett,  Pastor  of  thi\  First  Congre- 
gational Society  in  Rowley,  belongs  the  credit  of  taking  this 
poor  and  almost  friendless  young  man  from  his  obscurity,  and 
giving  him  the  opportunity  to  gratify  that  taste  for  learning, 
of  which  he  has  spoken  in  the  foregoing  extracts. 


IRONTIEll     MISSIONARY;     OR, 


[1751. 


m 


II  ''I' 


CIIAPTKR   n. 

Tiir,  subject  of  this  INIcinoir  nitored  Harvard  C()ll('<,'e  in  1751, 
wlu'ii  he  was  twenty  years  old. 

The  reasen  of  liis  coniiiieneini,'  his  i)rej)aration  for  college 
at  an  age  when  most  young  men  liave  eom|)ieted  thi'ir  col- 
legiate course,  appears  in  the  extracts)  from  his  own  writings, 
which  have  already  been  given. 

We  can  hardly  expect  to  iind  much  that  will  interest  the 
general  reader  iluring  tiu;  life  of  an  undergraduate.  But 
Jacob's  })ractice  of  writing,  by  which,  as  he  has  testified,  he 
acquired  most  of  the  education  he  had  before  he  was  noticed 
by  Rev.  iMr.  .lewett,  was  now  very  freely  followed,  and  por- 
tions of  copious  daily  journals  ke})t  by  him  arc  still  in  exist- 
ence. Most  of  their  contents  might  have  been  pleasant  to 
him  as  reminiscences  in  after  life,  and  would  be  valued  by  his 
relations  and  friends.  Beyond  this  circle  they  possess  but 
little  interest.  Yet  there  are  some  matters  in  them  which 
may  be  alluded  to,  and  a  few  portions  of  them  will  be  ex- 
tracted. If  but  little  can  be  copied  from  these  writings  to 
illustrate  the  personal  biography  of  their  author,  still,  the 
glimpses  they  all'ord  of  the  state  of  society  at  tiie  time,  may 
not  be  uninteresting  in  themselves,  as  well  as  because  tiiey 
exhibit  to  i4S,  to  some  extent,  the  injiucnces  thai  helped  to  form 
his  characlcr  at  this  period  of  his  life.  It  would  appear,  from 
these  journals,  that  the  bashfulness  which  he  formerly  felt  in 
female  society,  and  of  which  he  has  spoken,  (see  previous 
extracts  from  his  writings,)  had  no\y  entirely  disappeared,  and 
that  the  company  of  the  softer  sex  was  now  eagerly  sought 
by  him,  and  highly  enjoyed. 

It  has  ever  been  a  practice  for  persons  to  complain  of  the 
age  in  which  they  live,  asserting  that  religion  and  morals  have 
deteriorated  from  their  former  condition,  and,  supposing  that 


fk 


± 

1 


1751.] 


i.iri;   OF    ui:v.    jacob    iiaii.mv. 


9 


'J 


the 
lave 
that 


th<'ir  tcndoncy  was  still  (lowiiward,  to  iiichil^a.'  mi  ^'looiny  fi)re- 
boilings  as  to  the  future.  We  read  the  writings  of  divines 
and  otJKTs,  who  lIonrishiKl  two  fiMituries  since,  and  meet  with 
ovidi-nees  of  this  belief. 

Fifty  years*  later,  the  complaint  is  repeated  in  the  books  of 
that  time.  Another  half  century  furnishes  us  with  lanienta- 
lions  over  the  tiegeneraey  of  the  times  as  compared  with  tlioso 
that  arc  past.  Doubtless  there  is  reason  always  to  mourn 
over  the  disregard  that  men  numifest  to  their  highest  good.  A 
thoughtful  person  can  view  with  no  satisfaction  the  interest 
which  the  majority  show  in  perishing  trilles.  A  pious  mind, 
in  any  age,  cannot  but  bo  pained  at  the  evidences  around  him, 
tliat  "the  things  that  are  si-en,"  and  "thai  are  temporal,"  so 
entirely  usurp  the  place  in  tlu;  heart  which  should  In;  occupied 
by  "the  things  that  are  not  si'cn,"  and  that  "are  eternal." 

Still,  W(!  cannot  but  think'  that  the  last  one  hundred  years 
have  witnessed  material  improvements  in  tin*  (Ifcencim  of 
society  and  Us  minor  morals,  and  where  these  are  improved, 
the  way  of  advance  in  more  important  matters  is  made  easier. 

hfome  j)raetices  were  current  during  the  youth  and  early 
manhootl  of  Mr.  ]Jailey,  that  would  not  now  .>e  tolerated. 
New  England  society,  at  that  time,  in  country  towns,  was 
liarsh  iud  hard.  No  inlluences  prevailed  to  reline  the  man- 
ners, and  but  little  existed,  around  which  the  liner  feelings 
could  entwine  themselves.  The  love  of  letters  was  mostly 
confmed  to  professional  men,  or  to  souu;  of  those  in  other 
pursuits,  who  had  received  a  liberal  education.  As  a  general 
thing,  it  was  not  supposed  that  females  need  be  taught  more 
than  the  mere  rudiments  of  Icaridng.  Hence,  though  a  few 
trilling  amusements  were  occasionally  resorted  to  as  a  means 
of  preventing  listlessness,  sensual  pleasures  were  the  principal 
ones  of  that  generation. 

Modesty  prevents  more  than  an  allusion  to  some  of  the 
social  customs  of  the  time.  Suflice  it  to  say,  that  the  inter- 
course between  the  sexes  in  rural  districts  was  frecpiently  of  a 
character  so  improper,  and  in  many  cases  so  gross,  that  the 
present  age  could  hardly  believe  a  plain  statement  of  its 
2 


10 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1753. 


liiir 


nature,  were  it  not  certified  by  those  wiio  lived  at  that  day, 
and  who  speak  of  it  as  a  matter  of  course. 

The  subject  of  this  Memoir  lived  in  the  country  till  he  was 
twenty  years  of  age,  and  he  fell  somewhat  into  the  habits  of 
those  around  him.  But  as  a  larger  aciiuaintance  with  t'- 
world  expanded  his  views,  as  the  company  of  females  edu- 
cated in  cities,  (where  no  such  customs  prevailed,)  gave  him 
juster  notioiis  of  the  purity  of  female  character,  and  as  Divine 
grace  strengthened  in  his  heart,  he  saw  the  nature  of  the 
intercourse  spoken  of  in  a  truer  light,  and  his  journals  and 
lettter-books  show  his  convictions  on  th's  subject,  and  the 
efforts  he  made  for  reform.  To  him  fairly  belongs  the  credit 
of  having,  in  early  manhood,  advanced  beyond  the  age  in 
which  he  lived,  in  his  ideas  of  what  females  were  capable  of 
becoming,  and  the  honesty  of  his  convictions  W!..j  abundantly 
manifested  in  his  persevering  elTorts  for  their  improvement  in 
secular  and  religious  knowledge. 

Ardent  spirits  were  a  common  beverage  in  INIr.  Bailey's  day, 
among  all  classes.  The  minister,  the  deacon^'  and  the  people, 
all  indulged  in  a  practice,  now  so  loudly  condemned.  Playiiig 
cards  was  nearb'  as  universal.  Young  men,  almost  on  the 
point  of  entering  tne  ministry,  did  not  hesitate  to  join  a  party 
at  whist,  or  other  games ;  and,  if  after  they  had  been  ordained, 
they  scrupled  at  engaging  in  this  amusement,  they  did  not 
forbid  its  being  indulged  in  under  their  roof.  The  same  may 
be  said  of  dancing. 

A  portion  of  his  journal,  while  he  was  a  college  student, 
illustrates  what  has  been  said  touching  the  three  last  customs. 
Under  date  of  January  19,  IVoS,  he  gives  an  account  of  the 
marriage  of  a  daughter  of  a  pious  and  orthodox  New  Eng- 
land clergyman  in  a  country  town.  "  After  the  ceremony  was 
past,"  says  he,  "  dinner  was  prepared,  but  first  I  waited  upon 
the  gentry  with  a  bowl  of  lemon  punch.  *  *  #  #  About 
the  coming  on  of  the  evening,  the  younger  sort,  to  the  number 
of  about  fifty,  repaired  to  the  western  chamber,  where  we 
spent  the  evening  in  singing,  dancing,  and  wooing  the  widow." 
The  festivities  appear  to  have  been  renewed  at  the  clergy- 


1754.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


11 


aincd, 
id  not 
le  may 


istoms. 

of  the 

Eng- 

ny  was 

upon 

About 

umber 

B^re   we 

idow." 

clergy- 


man's house  the  next  day,  when  several  young  people  assem- 
bled. Mr.  Bailey  says:  "Having  saluled  the  bride,  we  spent 
our  time,  some  in  daneing,  the  others  in  playing  cards,  fur  the 
space  of  two  hours.  *  *  *  «  y\.fter  dinner,  we  young 
j)eople  repaired  to  our  chamber,  where  we  spent  the  d;';  in 
plays,  such  as  singing,  dancing,  wooing  the  widow,  playing 
cards,  box,  etc." 

Thus  much  for  the  social  habits  of  that  day.  Who  can 
deny  that  they  have  been  much  imj)roved  in  the  mean  time? 

It  is  with  much  satisfaction  that  we  make  extracts  from  INIr. 
Bailey's  journals,  recording  the  liberality  of  certain  persons  in 
assisting  him  to  pay  his  expenses  when  in  college.  Tlie  Rev. 
Mr.  Jewett  was  the  friend  on  whom  he  mainly  relied  for  means 
to  obtain  his  education.  Yet  Mr.  Jewett  probably  thought 
tliat  others  ou^ht  to  share  this  burden  with  him. 

"  Aj/ri/ lot/t,  1752.  *  *  We  resorted  to  Messrs.  Gushing 
and  Newman's,  (in  Boston,)  Avherc  we  were  led  into  a  room 
most  curiously  adorned  with  rich  and  costly  furniture.  ]Mr. 
Jewett,  after  having  entered  into  some  discourse  with  these 
gentlemen,  easily  persuaded  them  to  subscribe  .CS-l,  C).  T., 
a-piece,  for  my  support  at  college.  From  these  gentlemen  I 
had  an  invitation  of  making  free  at  their  l.ousc  for  the  future." 
This  bounty,  however,  added  to  wiiat  other  resources  he  might 
have,  does  not  seem  to  have  been  sullieient  to  meet  his  ex- 
penses, as  v.'e  may  infer  from  the  following  entry  in  his  journal, 
dated  "  Rovleij,  Jannarij  '2^th,  17o4.  This  day,  meeting  with 
many  discouragements,  I  had  almost  resolved  to  fix  o(l'  to  sea, 
but  just  as  I  had  the  matter  in  agitation,  1  had  an  oiler  to  go 
to  Bradford,  whtTe,  I  hoped,  I  should  find  sometliii'g  to  divert 
my  mind."  On  his  return,  he  says,  '  T  called  in  at  (Rev.)  Mr. 
Chandlers,  about  sunset,  who  gave  me  tvv'o  dollars  and  a  pair 
of  gloves.     He  also  lent  me  his  Hebrew  Bible." 

The  aid  of  Rev.  Mr.  Jewett  was  called  in  on  this  emergency. 
He  advised  a  journey  to  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  and  an  appeal  to 
several  persons  in  that  town  and  its  vieinity.  Jacob,  l)eing 
furnished  with  letters  of  introduction,  travelled  to  Portsmouth, 
and  the  extracts  from  his  journals,  which  follow,  show  his 
success. 


12 


FRONTIER     >riSSIONARY  ;     OR, 


[1754 


i! 


II 


Hi 


HJt 

lill 


"  Porfsnioi/f/i,  N.  11.,  Januarij  ^\st,  1751.  "Waited  upon  Col. 
Oilman  with  a  letter.  »  *  #  Called  on  my  classmate, 
John  Wentworth.  #  «  »  Rev.  I\Ir.  Langdon  came 
home,  to  whom  I  presented  my  letter.  He,  upon  receiving  it, 
spake  very  discouraging  of  my  receiving  any  donation  in  the 
town.  However,  he  promised,  the  next  day  to  use  his  interest 
among  the  gentlemen. 

"  Fchruartj  1st.  »  *  *  The  first  place  we  called  at 
was  Wentworth's,  who  welcomed  me  to  his  house,  and  gave 
me  liis  hand.  After  I  had  been  there  a  few  minutes,  his  son, 
my  classmate,  made  his  appearance,  and  invited  me  to  dine 
with  him,  as  did  his  father,  and  Mr.  Langdon  being  invited 
also,  I  consented.  At  our  coming  away,  Mr.  Wentworth  gave 
Mr.  Langdon  c£12  for  me.  After  this,  we  went  to  Scn'r  Col. 
Siierburne's,  where  we  were  courteously  entertained,  and  in- 
vited to  dine  wit.i  him.  He,  at  parting,  gave  me  ^2.  *  * 
About  nine  o'clock,  having  ob.ained  leave  of  Esq.  Bell,  I  set 
out  for  New  Castle  with  the  Rsq.  and  three  of  his  men,  to 
row  us  down.  It  happened  to  be  a  very  cold,  dark,  and  stormy 
night;  the  rain  that  fell  froze  upon  everything,  but  though  we 
were  much  fatigued,  yet  we  ariived  in  about  half  an  hour  at 
New  Castle,  it  being  about  three  miles  from  Portsmouth.  On 
our  arrival,  Esq.  Bell  sent  one  of  his  men  to  show  me  to 
(Rev.)  Mr.  Chase's.  When  I  arrived  there,  about  ten  o'clock, 
I  fonnd  myself  perfectly  vuiknown." 

Mr.  Chase  read  the  letter  of  recommendation  from  ]Mr. 
Jewett.  He  "  made  some  of  his  servants  bring  me  some  sup- 
per, and  very  courteously  entertained  me  all  night." 

"  Fchniari/  2d.  After  jirayers,  we  all  breakfasted  upon  choc- 
olate, etc.  When  we  had  done,  Mr.  Chase  called  me  into 
another  room,  and  gave  me  j£3,  Hampshire  money.  After- 
wards, we  litted  ont  for  fishing,  and  getting  into  Mr.  Chase's 
boat,  we,  six  in  number,  launched  off,  but  changing  my  mind, 
I  was  set  on  Kittery  shore.  Being  come  to  land,  I  travelled 
over  the  rocks  uj)  to  (Rev.)  Mr.  Steveiis's.  Here  I  found  his 
wife  and  he  at  dinner,  and,  upon  itivitation,  sat  down  with 
them.  After  dinner,  Mr.  Stevens  *  *  gave  me  a  dollar,  and  a 
recommendatory  line  to  Sir  William  Pepperell.     About  two,  I 


^ 


1754.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


13 


set  out.  witli  the  intention  of  seeing  York,  but  before  I  had 
got  to  Sir  William's  plantation,  an  exceeding  thick  fog  arose 
and  covered  all  the  land,  so  that  it  was  almost  impossible  to 
discern  the  ground  right  under  one's  feet.  I  at  length,  how- 
ever, found  the  knight's  house,  and  went  first  into  the  kitchen, 
where  I  waited  till  after  ho  had  dined,  and  then  sent  in  my 
letter.  When  he  had  read  it,  he  immediately  sent  for  me, 
upon  which  I  was  conducted  into  the  room,  where  I  found 
Sir  William  and  his  lady  and  three  gentlemen.  The  knight 
ordered  me  to  sit  down,  and  turned  m(>  out  a  glass  of  wine, 
upon  which  1  drank  his  health.  After  I  had  been,  with  the 
gentlemen  present,  long  entertained  with  an  account  of  his 
travels  in  England,  he  sent  a  young  scribe  in  his  emj)loy  with 
a  couple  of  blacks  up  to  Portsmouth  in  a  boat,  with  whom  he 
ordered  me  a  passage.  Accordingly,  about  three  o'clock,  we 
prepared  for  our  voyage,  and  being  ready  to  set  off.  Sir  Wil- 
liam's lady  presented  me  with  a  dollar,  and  he  gave  me  twenty 
shillings  in  copper,  and  came  with  us  down  to  the  water, 
where  he  helped  me  into  the  boat,  and  charged  me  to  come 
and  see  him,  if  I  came  that  way  again." 


"  February  Ath.  This  day  I  proposed  to  set  out  on  my  jour- 
ney home,  but  after  breakfast  Mr.  Langdon  and  I  took  a  walk, 
first  to  Mr.  Wiberd's,  the  Counsellor,  and  then  to  Mr.  Wiberd, 
the  Merchant,  who  gave  me  two  dollars  a-piece.  During  my 
stay  here,  I  was  taken  aside  by  my  lady  Wiberd,  who  bestow- 
ed upon  me  a  yard  and  a  half  of  very  fine  muslin  and  a  pair 
of  fine  worsted  stockings.  As  we  were  going  out  of  Mr. 
Wiberd's  we  met  Mr.  Jefl'erds,  who  gave  me  nine  livres. 

"  From  hence  we  proceeded  to  Col.  Atkinson's,  who  out  of 
his  generosity  put  me  into  the  possession  of  X12,  Hampshire 
money,  and  treated  me  very  handsomely.  From  Col.  Atkin- 
son's we  directed  our  course  to  Capt.  Warner's,  where  I  had 
an  opportunity  of  seeing  his  son,  who,  together  with  his  father, 
treated  me  very  handsomely.  Being  invited  to  dinner  here, 
we  refused  and  retired  home,  where  we  dined  ;  after  which, 
Capt.  Warner's  son  came  to  Mr.  Langdon's,  and  after  we  had 
sat  together  a  little  time,  J  took  my  leave  of  Mr.  Langdon's 


14 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1754. 


II 


family.  On  coming  out  of  the  door,  Warner  camo  with  me 
and  gave  me  four  dollars  and  a  bundle  of  things,  worth  jCIO, 
O.  T.  I  have  the  greatest  reason  to  esteem  this  town,  for  the 
kindness  I  received  from  several  of  the  principal  inhabitants, 
especially  from  IMr.  Langdon  and  his  family,  who  all  treated 
me  with  peculiar  respect." 

******* 

"  Cambridge,  February  27//t.  This  day  received  by  Mr. 
Warner,  from  (Rev.)  Mr.  Langdon,  of  Portsmouth,  the  re- 
maining part  of  my  bounty  from  those  gentlemen  I  had  lately 
visited,  consisting  of  one  pistole,  one  English  shilling,  and 
forty-two  livres." 

The  following  portion  of  Mr.  Bailey's  Journal,  containing 
an  account  of  a  journey  which  he  made  into  Connecticvit, 
will  no  doubt  prove  interestiiig. 


>  !  i 


"  Jidij  Wi.  This  day  having  concluded  to  accompany 
Wm.  Brown  and  his  sister  to  New  London,  I  arose  early 
in  the  morning,  about  half  after  four  o'clock.  *  *  I  went 
to  Stockbridge's  chamber,  who  rose  and  went  with  me  to 
Stedman's  after  a  horse,  but  not  prospering,  Elliot  rode  down 
to  Charlestown  and  got  one  of  Mr.  W^ood.  *  *  Brown 
coming' from  Salem  about  eleven  o'clock,  we  left  Cambridge 
a  little  before  twelve.  Before  we  had  gotten  a  mile  1  perceiv- 
ed I  had  left  my  great  coat,  upon  which  I  rode  back  after  it, 
and  took  leave  of  several  scholars.  I  set  out  again,  and  rode 
directly  for  Bils,  in  Jamaica,  where  I  found  ]Mr.  Brown  and 
Miss  Nabby  at  dinner  with  Capt.  Fry,  of  Andover,  and  several 
others.  After  dinner  we  three  sat  together  upon  the  benches 
before  the  door  awhile,  and  about  two  o'clock  set  out  on  our 
journey,  riding  through  Jamaica,  a  pleasant  parish  in  the 
upper  part  of  Roxbury,  beautified  with  the  country  seats  of 
several  gentlemen.  We  came  at  length  to  Mr.  Walter's,  a 
very  pleasant  seat,  where  gravity  and  elegance  seemed  to  re- 
side. A  number  of  venerable  trees  spread  their  agreeable 
shades  and  formed  a  fit  habitation  for  the  Muses.  Here  Wm. 
Walter  invited  us  in,  but  being  on  our  journey  w^e  refused. 

The  next  town  we  came  to  was  Dedham,  where  Ames,  the 


I 

I 

t 


1754.] 


LIFE    OF    REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


15 


erceiv- 

hi. 

ftor  it, 

■'■i 

1  rode 

"'? 

n  and 

■  V 

everal 

•  > 

nches 

'.'f 

m  our 

1   the 

its  of 

r's,  a 

to  re- 

eable 

Wm. 
]. 
,  the 

I 

4 

famous  astronomer  lives.  Just  as  we  passed  his  house,  an 
accident  happened.  The  swivel,  by  which  the  horse  drew  the 
chair,  came  loose  and  fell  against  his  heels,  which  set  liim  in  a 
terrible  fright.  He  ran  with  all  his  might  and  took  the  chair 
into  a  small  gate-way,  but  people  being  near  at  hand,  delivered 
my  young  companions  from  impending  ruin. 

DEDUAM. 

No  remarkable  place,  but  an  old  settled  town.  Some  good 
buildings  towards  the  middle.  It  contains  three  parishes. 
The  roads  are  good,  but  pretty  much  up  hill  and  down.  After 
we  repaired  our  chair,  we  rode  as  far  as  one  Dean's,  where  we 
diverted  ourselves  with  the  affected  gentility.  Leaving  Dean's, 
we  rode  next  through  Walpole.  Here  we  had  tlic  company  of 
a  Bristol  man  who  had  that  day  come  from  Ipswich. 

WALPOLE. 

A  country  town,  most  remarkable  for  valleys  and  hills.  The 
roads,  as  in  Dcdham.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Payson  is  the  only  min- 
ister here.  About  dark,  we  came  into  Wrentham,  where  we 
put  up.  After  we  had  brought  in  all  our  things,  we  took  a 
room  to  ourselves,  drank  a  bowl  of  beverage,  and  supped 
upon  lamb  steaks.  At  supper,  we  had  a  very  odd  creature  to 
wait  upon  us.  By  its  dress,  we  judged  it  to  be  of  the.  femi- 
nine gender.  We  made  some  sorrowful  reflections  upon  the 
situation  of  our  chums  at  college,  but  soon  began  to  divert 
ourselves  with  Madam  Dean's  affected  gentility.  Miss  Nabby 
made  several  pert  observations.  After  we  had  considered  the 
great  deliverance  we  had  experienced  in  the  day  time,  with 
wishing  each  other  good  night,  we  betook  ourselves  to  repose. 
Miss  Nabby  lodged  in  our  keeping  room,  Mr.  Brown  and  I  in 
a  ciiamber  overhead. 

Jul//  10th.  This  day  arose  in  the  morning.  We  had  the 
company  of  the  Bristol  man  I  had  seen  before  on  our  journey  for 
several  miles ;  but  before  we  set  out,  we  breakfasted  upon  tea. 

WRENTHAM. 

A  pretty,  plain  country  town ;  one  or  two  very  neat  build- 
ings; one  meeting-house,  and  a  very  good  road  through  the 


wrr 


1 ' 


I,:,. 


IC) 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1754. 


greatest  part  of  it.  After  we  had  rode  about  an  hour,  we 
came  into  Attlcborough,  and  at  length  passed  by  Parson 
Weld's,*  where  we  had  a  view  of  his  numerous  file  of  daugh- 
ters, out  of  a  chamber  window  they  were  in.  We  made  some 
stop,  f\i'terwards,  at  one  Parson  Clark's.  The  people  begin 
now  to  appear  in  a  sylvan  roughness;  the  women  in  these 
parts  wear  but  little  more  clothing  than  what  nature  gave 
them.  The  first  stage  we  made  was  at  Day's,  where  we 
called  to  change  our  horses,  but  not  succeeding,  we  departed, 
and  i)roceeded  towards  Providence,  riding  through  a  very 
sandy  plain. 

ATTLEIJOUOUGH. 

A  long  country  town,  situated  at  a  vast  distance  from  the 
Eastern  Ocean,  the  land  somewhat  poor  and  sandy,  the  roads 
very  good,  and  but  one  meeting-house.  We  came,  at  last,  to 
Sekonk,  which  is  three  miles  in  length  and  breadth,  having 
upon  it  neither  tree  nor  stone,  but  an  exceeding  fine  road,  and 
glorious  riding. 

REHOBOTII. 

We  saw  nothing  here  but  a  large  plain :  it  is  the  southern 
bounds  of  the  Massachusetts  dominions.  After  we  had 
passed  Sekonk  Plains,  we  came  over  a  large  bridge,  built 
exceeding  high  from  the  water;  the  stream  itself  has  a  pro- 
digious fall.  About  twelve  o'clock,  we  came  to  Providence, 
and  put  up  at  Capt.  Ones,  where  we  dined,  and  had  a  very 
good  entertainment.  A  very  pretty  young  lady  belonging  to 
the  family,  afforded  us  her  company,  and  entertained  us  with 
her  pleasant  conversation.  The  house  is  furnished  in  a  very 
elegant  and  curious  manner.  After  we  had  rested  ourselves 
and  horses,  we  proceeded  and  rode  through  the  delightful 
town  of  Providence,  and  passed  the  great  bridge. 


PROVIDENCE 


Is  a  most  beautiful  place,  lying  on  both  sides  of  a  fine  river, 
in  the  north-westerly  part  of  Rhode  Island  government.     The 


*Rev.  Haiujah  Weld,  who  died  in  1782,  after  a  ministry  of  fifty-five  years.    His 
family  consisted  of  four  sons  and  eleven  daughters. 


m, 


[1754. 


1754.] 


LIFE    O  V     R  E  V.     J  A  C  O  H     ]J  A  1 1,  E  Y . 


17 


out  an  hour,  we 
issed  by  Parson 
us  flic  of  daugli- 

Wc  made  some 
'he  people  begin 
women  in  these 
hat  nature  gave 
Day's,  where  we 
ing,  we  departed, 

through  a  very 


istance  from  the 
sandy,  tlie  roads 
came,  at  last,  to 
breadth,  having 

ng  fine  road,  and 


t  is  the  southern 
After  we  iiad 
ge  bridge,  built 
itself  has  a  pro- 
to  Providence, 
and  had  a  very 
dy  belonging  to 
rtained  us  with 
nished  in  a  very 
rested  ourselves 
the  delightful 
ffc. 


s  of  a  fine  river, 
i^ernment.     The 

fifty-five  years.    Hia 


north-cast  side  is  built  with  two  streets  of  painted  lionses, 
above  which  lies  a  most  delightful  hill,  gradually  asecMKling  to 
a  great  distance,  all  cut  into  gardens,  orchards,  ])leasant  fields, 
and  beautiful  enclosures,  which  strike  the  eye  with  agreeable 
surprise.  Here  is  a  ''ne  harbor  for  shipping,  and  a  well-built 
bridge  across  the  river.  The  town,  on  the  south-west  side,  is 
not  les.5  ''legant  than  on  the  north-east,  but  contains  two  or 
three  streets  of  well-built  houses.  Providence  is  a  very  grow- 
ing and  nourishing  place,  and  the  finest  in  New  England. 
Here  is  one  meeting-house,  one  church,  one  (Quaker  antl  one 
New-Light  house  for  divine  worship.  The  inhabitants  of  the 
place,  in  general,  are  very  immoral,  licentious  and  profane, 
and  exceeding  famous  for  contempt  of  the  Sabbath.  (laming, 
gunning,  horse-racing  and  the  like,  are  as  eonunon  on  that  day 
as  on  any  other.  Persons  of  all  professions  countenance  such 
practices.  F'-om  Providence  we  rode  over  a  fine  plain  to 
Patuxet. 

PATUXET 

Is  a  pretty  compact  place,  built  upon  a  small  river,  over  which 
is  a  very  good  bridge.  From  Patuxet  we  rode  through  a  long 
desert  country,  in  which  we  saw  but  a  very  few  people,  and 
they  almost  as  rough  as  the  trees.  In  riding  through  a  great 
wood,  we  came,  at  length,  to  a  house  about  the  bigness  of  a 
hog-sty.  The  hut  abounded  in  children,  who  came  abroad 
to  stare  at  us  in  great  swarms,  but  were  clothed  only  with  a 
piece  of  cloth  about  the  middle,  blacker  than  the  ground  on 
which  they  trod.  Miss  Nabby  began  to  wonder  that  the 
poor  creatures  did  not  wholly  abandon  themselves  to  sorrow 
and  despair,  but  1  told  her,  I  made  no  doubt  they  enjoyed 
themselves  as  much  in  their  savage  condition,  as  she  in  all  her 
elegance  and  plenty. 

We  spent  some  time,  as  we  rode  along,  in  reflecting  upon 
the  unhappy  circumstances  of  these  people,  and  upon  the 
different  genius  and  inclinations  of  the  humane  mind.  At 
length,  being  very  dry,  we  came  to  another  house,  where  we 
lit,  and  coming  in,  found  five  or  six  women  in  a  little  room 
without  any  iloor,  either  over  head  or  undr/  foot.  Two  or 
three  of  them  appeared  to  be  young.  One  of  the  young 
3 


i' '-" 


iiH 


m 


\m 


I 


18 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY  ;     OR, 


[17r)4. 


wenches  made  liasti;  to  draw  ns  some  water,  while  another 
made  seareh  for  a  drinking  vessel,  and  the  last  gave  us  water 
in  an  old  broken  mug,  almost  as  ancient  as  time,  of  wiiich  we 
drank  very  sparingly.  After  we  had  rode  a  few  miles  further, 
we  came  to  Major  Staflbrd's :  his  daughter  came  to  wait  upon 
us,  (after  absconding  for  about  two  minutes,)  barefooted  and 
barelegged,  with  a  line  patch  and  a  silver  knot  on  h«'r  head, 
with  a  snulV  box  in  one  hand,  and  a  pinch  at  her  nose  in  the 
other.  She  afl'orded  abiuidanee  of  amusement  for  my  polite 
companions,  which  stuck  by  us  longer  than  anything  we  met 
with  in  our  journey.  This  StalVord's  is  in  Warwick,  about 
fifty-seven  miles  from  Boston. 

WARWICK. 

A  poor,  but  old-settled  town,  something  [)opulous,  on  the 
borders  of  Greenwich;  the  inhabitants  very  profane  and  unpo- 
lite.  From  Staflbrd's  we  proceeded  to  VVolcot's,  just  upon 
the  edge  of  Greenwich. 

At  Wolcot's,  where  we  put  uj)  in  the  evening,  we  were 
much  interrxipted  by  the  town's  j)eople  coming  in,  cursing  and 
swearing,  and  drinking,  but  at  supper  time  we  had  a  room  by 
ourselves,  and  enjoyed  freedom  of  conversation,  which  turned 
chiefly  upon  the  afl'airs  of  the  preceding  day.  Our  supper 
alForded  us  some  amusement,  it  being  fried  chickens  and  cur- 
rant sauce,  sweetened  with  uiolasses ;  but  nothing  so  much 
diverted  us  as  the  Major's  daughter.  Observation.  —  Those 
people  who,  to  appearance,  live  the  most  mean  and  sordid 
lives,  seem  to  enjoy  themselves,  and  to  take  as  mucli  j)leasure 
in  life  as  those  who  pass  away  their  time  in  the  most  elegant 
and  sumptuous  manner. 

July  Wth.  This  day  arose  very  early  in  the  morning,  and, 
having  fitted  for  our  journey,  we  took  our  leave  of  Mr.  Wol- 
cot,  and  set  out  through  Greenwich ;  but  before  we  had  got  a 
mile  it  began  to  rain. 

GREENWICH 

Is  a  very  populous  shire  town,  and  built  compact  on  the  north 
side.     Here  is  one  Baptist  meeting-house  and  a  court-house, 


,1 


i 


1754.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


19 


':4 


handsomoly  erected.  A  little  to  the  soutliward  of  tip  lown,  is 
a  road,  for  about  half  a  mile,  upon  a  high  ridge,  with  terrible 
valleys  on  both  sides.  We  rode  through  (Treeuwieh  and  a 
part  of  North  Kingston,  over  a  prodigious  rocky  way,  about 
eight  miles,  while  rain  fell  in  impetuous  showers,  and  made  no 
stop  till  we  came  to  Thomas,  the  Quaker's,  where  we  dried 
ourselves,  and  breakfasted  upon  tea.  We  found  here  the 
dirtiest  tavern-keeper  that  ever  was  made;  all  the  while  I 
stopped,  I  could  scarce  get  a  word  out  of  him.  After  we  had 
sulliciently  dried  our  things,  we  called  for  our  horses,  and  pro- 
ceeded on  our  journey  to  North  Kingston,  through  a  most  ter- 
rible rocky  country. 

NORTU   KINGSTON'. 

A  very  scattering  town,  exceeding  stony,  but  very  ferti'j, 
abounding  in  grass  and  the  best  of  pasturage.  After  we  had 
got  to  South  Kingston,  we  came  to  the  foot  of  Tower  Hill; 
the  ascent  to  the  top  is  very  easy,  though  from  the  iirst  rising 
it  is,  for  four  miles,  scarce  perceivable.  In  many  places  the 
country  on  each  side  atl'ords  a  most  beautiful  prosjjcct.  The 
ascent,  within  a  mile  of  the  top,  grows  something  stee|)  and 
rough.  About  one  o'clock  we  reached  the  top  of  the  hill, 
which  is  a  large  spacious  plain,  on  which  is  built  a  handsome 
town,  the  houses  exceeding  neat,  and  the  gardens  very  el(>gant. 


I 

I 


SOtrTH   KINGSTON. 

The  whole  township  seems  to  contain  Tower  Ilill,  which  is 
the  most  fertile  part  of  New  England.  It  is  in  the  north- 
eastern part  of  the  Narraganset  country;  the  compact  part  of 
the  town  is  on  the  top  of  the  hill,  about  ten  miles  from  New- 
port, the  metropolis  of  the  government.  The  descent  from  the 
town,  on  the  eastern  side  next  the  water,  is  very  steep,  but 
exceeding  pleasant,  diversified  with  little  fields,  grass  enclo- 
sures, and  artificial  groves.  Near  the  Presbyterian  meeting- 
house, which  stands  in  the  centre  of  the  place,  arc  several 
large  and  elegant  buildings,  with  some  of  the  finest  gardens 
in  New  England.  The  people  here  live  in  better  position 
than  i'l  most  parts  of  the  government.  South  Kingston  is  a 
shire  town,  and  is  favored  with  the  presence  of  the  General 


i'il 


m 


l:i| 


20 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[17;)4. 


Assembly  oncu  in  two  years.  Haviiij^'  gaiiuHl  the  top  of  the 
hill,  we  put  up  at  Esci.  Case's.  lien?  we  were  n.'eeived  with 
the  utmost  civility  and  complaisance;  the  Esq.  came  out  him- 
self and  welcomed  us  to  Tower  fliil,  led  us  into  one;  of  his 
best  rooms,  and  served  us  out  win(!  with  his  own  hands.  Din- 
ner beinf][  ready,  we  sat  down,  and  had  everylhini^  in  the;  best 
order,  with  the  luost  genteel  attendance'.  We  found  the  Escj. 
to  be  a  ])rodigious  locpiacious  gentleman.  Am«)ng  the  rest  of 
his  discourses,  he  told  us  that  all  the  gentlemen  that  travelled 
the  road  from  South  Carolina  to  Piscatacpia,  had  heard  of  his 
fame,  and  made  his  house  a  stage,  and  by  a  few  subtle  hints, 
gave  us  to  understand  that  he  was  a  .lustice  of  the  Peace. 
After  dinner  was  over,  we  rose  from  the  table,  he  clasped  his 
wife  round  the  neck  and  kissed  her,  and  going  into  our  room, 
he  entertained  us  with  a  long  relation  concerning  the  family 
of  the  Browns,  and  then  oU'ered  to  wait  upon  us  down  to  the 
eastern  part  of  the  hill,  to  see  a  man  that  hung  tiiere  in  gib- 
bets, but  we,  excusing  the  matter,  went  ourselves  to  the  bottom 
of  the  hill,  and  there  beheld  the  sorrowful  sight.  The  man 
had  been  there  three  years  already,  and  his  flesh  was  all  dried 
fast  to  his  bones,  and  was  as  black  as  an  African's.  The 
crimes  for  which  he  was  thus  exposed  were  robbery  and  mur- 
der. He  was  taken  in  tlie  southern  parts  of  Ijong  Island  with 
some  indisposition,  and  being  in  a  strange  place,  one  .Fackson, 
a  leather  merchant,  travelling  with  his  horse,  found  ]v\:\  and 
took  pity  on  him,  and  being  on  his  way  to  Rhode  Island,  bore 
all  his  expenses,  and  treated  him  with  all  the  tenderness  of  a 
father,  for  near  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles,  till  he  arrived  at 
South  Kingston,  where,  being  together  about  the  dusk  of  the 
evening,  near  the  great  (.Quaker  meeting-house,  he  took  up  a 
stone,  and  with  it  struck  him  down.  Jackson  begged  his  life, 
and  that  he  migiit,  and  welcome,  take  all  his  wealth;  but  he 
cursed  and  then  fell  upon  him,  and  in  a  few  minutes  made  full 
despatch  of  his  innocent  patron ;  thus  we  have  at  once  an 
horrid  instance  of  ingratitude.  After  we  had  looked  at  the 
sorrowful  spectacle  a  long  time,  we  travelled  up  the  hill  with 
some  dilliculty.  Being  returned  to  Case's,  we  paid  our  reck- 
oning, and  set  out.     After  we  had  rode  about  a  mile,  we  came 


m     1> 


17.V4.J 


LIFE     OF     K  I ;  V  .     ,1  A  ( •  ( )  H     H  A  I  T,  E  Y . 


21 


ii)  \hr.  <;r('iit  (iiiiilviT  in('('liii«i;-lions(',  \vliicli  is  mi  odd-huill, 
tliiii",',  liiiving  a  kitclicn  and  cirnmu'y  at  one  f^idc  'rowards 
tli(!  sDiitlicrii  part  of  Kiii^'stoii,  wr  came  to  a  hill,  over  wliicli 
tlic  road  lay,  with  a  sliockiiii,'  icdi^'c  of  rofki*.  With  imicli 
dillic'iilly  wo  passfird  it,  and  {•oiitimiiii^'  oiir  jouriiry  till  about 
the  ilii:?k  of  tiic  evciiiiif?,  wo  arrived  at  ('apt.  Kill's,  in  Charles- 
town,  after  a  very  tedious  clay's  journey,  throni,di  ahundanei! 
of  wet  and  heat.  After  we  had  taken  in  our  things,  we  were 
entertained  all  the  evening  with  divers  stories  concernini,'  the 
adjacent  country,  by  Capt.  Hill's  son.  He  jj[av(!  us  an  insight 
into  the  laws  and  customs  of  the  1,'overnnient,  and  told  us  that 
the  natives  inhabited  those  j)arts,  to  the  number  of  live  or  six 
hundred,  and  that  their  king  was  a  young  man  al)out  eighteen 
years  of  age,  at  school  at  Newport,  'i'he  place  where  we 
lodged  is  about  live  miles  from  the  place  where  the  great  Nar- 
raganset  battle  was  fought,  in  which  so  many  soldiers  i-xpiretl. 


') 


bottom 
le  man 
11  dried 
The 
(1  mur- 
wjth 
Uson, 
\  and 
bore 
s  of  a 
ved  at 
of  the 
up  a 
life, 
ut  he 
full 
ce  an 
lit  the 
with 
reek- 
came 


Jii/i/  l'2(}i.  This  morning,  about  daybreak,  it  rained  very 
liard.  We  arose  with  the  sun,  soon  after  which  it  clearetl 
away,  and  looked  like  a  pleasant  day.  We  breakfasted  upon 
tea,  and  calling  for  onr  horses,  set  out.  After  we  had  rode 
about  a  mile  and  a  half,  we  passed  by  the  Narragansct  king's 
house,  which  stands  in  the  midst  of  a  spacious  plain.  It  is  a 
building  two  stories  high,  with  two  or  three  rooms  on  a  (loor, 
but  of  late  it  is  miserably  fallen  to  ruin.  We  had  a  sight  of 
two  of  the  king's  sisters,  who  came  to  the  door  as  we  rode  by. 
We  still  continued  our  progress  through  the  Narragansct 
country,  till  we  came  to  the  borders  of  Westerly. 

cii.vui-Hsrow.v. 

Charlestown  lies  in  the  centre  of  the  Narragansct  country, 
in  the  place  where  the  great  battle  was  fougiit,  so  famous  in 
our  New  England  annals.  The  land  here,  for  several  miles 
near  the  sea-coast,  is  vc^ry  smooth  and  pleasant.  Her(!  are 
some  of  the  finest  groves,  fields,  and  grass  enclosures,  of  any 
in  New  England.  We  rode  through  Westerly,  meeting  divers 
Indians,  till  we  came  to  Weeden's,  where  we  stopped  till  eleven. 
The  weather  being  very  hot,  our  horses  were  much  overcome. 


00 


rnoNTiiiu     missionary;   on, 


[1754. 


I 


but  liaviiii,'  refn'shcd  Ixitli  flu'iii  and  (Mirsrivcs,  we  proceeded 
over  II  terrible  roii^di  and  uneven  way,  till  wr  ciuno  to  u  river, 
wliirli  divides  Rhode  Island  JVt)ni  Connei'tieut. 

t 

WKSTTMII.Y 

Is  tho  most  western  town  in  Riiod**  Tslanil,  and  is  a  miserable, 
poor,  unpopidated  place,  liavin<j;  nolhini,'  in  it  but  wood.s, 
mountiiins  and  rocks,  yet  near  the  separating  river  then^  arc 
divers  fifood  farms.  The  inhabitiints  seem  to  be,  a  gn>at  part 
of  ilieiii,  Indians.  After  we  had  passed  the  river  over  a  large 
l)ri(lge,  we  eam(!  into  Stonington,  np  and  down  whose  rocky 
hills  we  rode,  till  coming  to  a  great  tree,  we  sat  awhile  under 
its  shad(^  and  refreshed  ourselves,  after  which  we  proceeded 
several  miles,  till  at  length  Miss  Nabby  missed  her  eapnehin. 
I  immediately  rode  back,  and  foimd  it  within  a  mile  of  the 
place  where  we  first  missed  it.  Afte-  we  had  rode  over  some 
of  tin.'  most  frightl'id  hills,  so  that  Mr.  Brown  and  his  sister 
were  obliged  to  alight  and  walk  on  foot,  and  so  steej)  were 
they  in  places,  that  it  was  hardly  safe  riding  down  upon  a 
single  horse,  having  gone  through  a  great  deal  of  dilliculty, 
we  ciime  to  Col.  Williams's.  Here  we  made  a  small  stop, 
and  though  almost  overcome  with  the  tedioiisnesa  of  our  jour- 
ney, we  left  the  tavern,  and  with  it  Stonington,  about  four 
o'clock. 

STOMXOTON 

Is  in  the  south-east  part  of  Connecticut.  It  is  bounded  on 
the  north  l)y  Preston,  on  the  cast  by  the  Narraganset  River,  on 
the  south  by  the  Atlantic  0(;ean,  and  on  the  west  by  C^roton. 
It  is  so  calle:!,  iVom  the  great  abundance  of  stones  found  here. 
The  roads  hin-e  were  formerly  almost  impassable,  but  by  reason 
of  their  bcitig,  for  the  most  part,  movable,  it  continually  grows 
better.  The  town  is  all  under  improvement,  and  divided  into 
stately  farms.  Here  are  four  large  parishes.  Having  got  into 
Stonington,  we  came  into  the  borders  of  Groton,  of  all  places 
the  most  horrid  and  shocking.  After  we  had  rode  about  four 
miles,  over  a  prodigious  continuation  of  rocky  mountains,  we 
ascended  upwards  for  some  time,  till  at  length  we  began  to 
descend,  and  came  to  a  smooth  place,  as  we  thought,  at  the 


4 


^ 


1 


1754.] 


LIl'K     OV     llliV.     J  AC  OH     1IVIIJ;V. 


23 


bottom  of  the  liill  over  which  wo  rode;  hut  coming'  to  the  md, 
we  Ibiiiul  hcfori"  us  ii  most  horrible  precipice,  ciicmiihcn'<l  on 
overy  side  with  impctictralih'  tliickets.  The  ro;ul  we  IiihI  to 
puHs  was  excessive  steep,  over  one  entire  chain  of  rocks,  whieh 
descendeil  HIvc  a  wiiitiini^  pair  of  stairs,  liavini,'  the  steps  at  an 
eiiorni'Mis  distance  from  each  otiier.  .Mr.  Hrown  ami  his  sifter 
got  out  of  the  cliair,  and  I  dismoimted  for  their  assistance. 
Ilavinf^  fastened  my  horse,  one  took  hohl  of  tlie  chair  and  the 
other  of  the  iM>rse,  aiiil  witli  a  vast  (h-al  of  tronl)le,  iiavinj,' 
followed  the  path  which  led  to  almost  every  point  of  the  com- 
pass, w(!  came  to  the  bottom  in  safety;  but  brin^'inj^  ilown 
my  horse,  he  had  like  to  have  broken  his  neck.  After  this,  \\c. 
rode  Ijy  a  (^naker  meetin,i,'-honse,  tiien  by  a  I'resbyterian,  and 
;it  length,  al)i)nt  half  afti-r  eii^ht  o'clock,  we  came  to  the  ferry, 
and  thus,  after  a  tedious  journey  of  four  days,  we  arrived  in 
New  London.  The  roads  were  so  excessively  bad,  tliat  we 
were  four  hours  and  a  half  in  riding  the  last  eight  miles.  It 
was  past  eleven  before  we  had  crossed  the  ferry  and  got  to  .Mr. 
Winthrop's.  Mr.  Brown  and  his  sister  were  received  by  the 
whole  family  with  all  imaginai)le  expressions  of  joy  and  satis- 
faction.    After  supper,  we  betook  ourselves  to  repo-  c. 


ided  on 

iver,  on 

Jroton. 

id  here. 

reason 

grows 


uns,  we 

^gan  to 

at  the 


0  ROT  ON. 

Groton,  the  last  town  through  which  we  passed,  is  bounded 
on  the  north  by  Norwich  and  Preston,  on  the  east  by  Stoning- 
ton  and  Preston,  on  the  south  by  the  Atlantic,  on  the  wi'st  by 
the  River  Thames,  which  divides  it  from  New  London.  It  is 
a  prodigious  mountainous  place,  and  may  justly  be  reckoned 
to  exceed  all  others  on  aecoum  of  rocks.  One  thing  remark- 
able here,  is  a  bridge  made  of  one  entire  stone.  Here  are  two 
Dissenting  meeting-houses,  one  Church,  and  one  C^uaker.  The 
inhabitants  live  very  scattering,  except  on  the  river,  where  is  a 
street,  comfortably  built,  ijihabited  by  Baileys.  The  people 
ditVer  exceedingly  in  religious  sentiments.  Mr.  Johnson,  one 
of  the  ministers,  records  in  his  parish  no  less  than  fifteen  dif- 
ferent religions. 

Obscrt'iUiun. —  I  have  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  divers 
of  the  natives  of  the  country  in  their  own  proper  habits,  on 


!  ^        ! 


Ill' 


'!!!! 


^^^!' 


24 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[17o4. 


their  own  land,  and  in  the  exercise  of  their  peculiar  customs; 
and,  upon  the  wiiole,  one  may  justly  conclude,  that  there  is  a 
great  analogy  between  them  and  the  people  in  the  first  ages  of 
mankind  ;  those  who  lived  in  the  golden  age,  so  inuch  extolled 
by  tile  poets,  in  their  dress,  religion  and  manners,  were  very 
similar  to  our  Indian  neighbors. 

July  VMh.  This  day  arose,  and  found  myself  in  a  new 
country.  After  I  had  dressed  myself,  went  down  and  break- 
fasted with  Mr.  Winthrop,  his  lady,  and  Madam  Hide,  to- 
gether with  our  own  company.  Then  Mr.  Brown  and  I  walked 
out  into  the  garden,  which  is  very  pleasant.  A  little  to  the 
north  of  Mr.  Winthrop's  house,  is  a  fish  pond,  at  the  upper 
end  of  his  orchard,  from  which  a  canal  is  cut,  about  two  feet 
wide,  and  near  as  deep,  to  the  bottom  of  the  garden,  which 
lies  on  the  south  side  of  the  house,  so  that  this  delightful 
stream  falls  through  the  orchard,  house  and  garden ;  at  the 
lower  end  of  which,  next  to  the  south,  stands  a  mill,  which  is 
carried  by  this  cascade.  The  garden  itself  is  beautifully  laid 
out,  and  abounds  with  a  variety  of  herbs,  fruits  and  liowers. 
After  I  had  a  view  of  all  the  works  round  the  house,  and  had 
some  conversation  with  Mr.  Winthrop,  I  concluded  to  pay  Mr. 
Jewett  a  visit.  Accordingly,  about  eleven  o'clock,  I  set  out, 
and  after  riding  ten  miles,  over  a  vast  number  of  holes  and 
rocky  mountains,  I  came  to  Mr.  Jewett's,  where  I  was  very 
civilly  received.  Mr.  Jewett's  consort  lay  very  sick  of  the 
mumps,  or  some  other  strange  disorder.  She  had  this  after- 
noon two  doctors,  who  concluded  that  she  might  recover.  In 
the  afternoon,  Mr.  Jewett  being  absent,  I  spent  a  great  deal  of 
time  in  walking  in  the  fields,  and  in  his  garden.  His  house 
stands  in  a  very  sightly  place  on  the  eastern  side.  We  may 
see,  from  the  doors,  near  forty  miles  down  country.  Mr. 
Jewett's  family  is  not  large.  He  has  one  son  and  one  daugh- 
ter, and  a  negro  servant.  After  we  had  prepared  for  bed,  we 
all  betook  ourselves  to  repose. 

July  iAlh.  This  day  being  Sunday,  I  arose,  and  having 
breakfasted,  we  prepared  for  meeting.  At  about  eleven  o'clock 
we  rode  to  the  house  of  God,  where  I  had  an  opportunity  of 


I 
3! 


I 


<  fl!<l 


I         •'' 


[1754. 


1754.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     IJAILEY. 


25 


["ustoms ; 
here  is  a 
t  ages  of 
I  extolled 
,^erc  very 


1  a  new 
id  break- 
lide,  to- 
I  walked 
le  to  the 
le  upper 
two  feet 
II,  which 
lelia;htful 
;  at  the 
which  is 
■ully  laid 

Howers. 
and  had 

pay  Mr. 

set  out, 
>les  and 
l^as  very 
of  the 

is  after- 

er.  In 
deal  of 
house 

Vc  may 
Mr. 

daugh- 

)ed,  we 

having 
o'clock 
nity  of 


* 
-*.? 


I 


hearing  Mr.  Jewett  preach  for  the  first  time,  though  he  had 
often  preached  before  in  Rowley,  yet  I  always  happened  to  be 
absent.  After  meeting,  at  noon,  went  to  Esc^.  Raymond's, 
where  I  found  Nathan  Jewett,  a  young  man  that  had  formerly 
be  MI  at  Canil)ri(Ige,  with  Rev.  Mr.  David  Jewett,  at  my  cham- 
ber. Il.'rc  I  met  with  a  great  deal  of  civility,  and  was  invited 
from  among  the  company  to  go  into  another  room,  where  I 
sat  down  and  refreshed  myself.  The  people  in  these  parts 
never  make  a  dinner  on  Sunday  !)etween  meetings,  but  liave 
a  feast  at  niijrlit. 

Ohscri'dlion.  —  Tin;  people  in  the  north  parish  of  New  Lon- 
don appear  to  be  civil  and  courteous,  though  not  so  polite  as 
in  Boston.  They  are  not  so  showy  in  the  meeting-house  as 
in  most  country  parishes  in  Boston  government.  Some  of  the 
yonng  women  wear  hoops,  though  very  much  out  of  fashion. 
Their  clothes  are  commonly  good,  though  not  very  elegantly 
put  on.  The  greatest  part  of  the  men  wear  caps:  a  wig  is 
scarce  to  be  seen  in  the  whole  meeting-honsc.  Many  chil- 
dren wear  no  stockings  or  shoes. 

Jii/i/  15///.  ,  *  *  *  After  we  had  rode  several  miles, 
we  came  to  Paugwank,  or  North  Salem,  a  place  belonging 
entirely  to  my  class-mate.  Brown.  Here  wc  saw  several  line 
fields  of  wheat  and  other  grain.  Here  are  thirty  t(Miants  to 
near  twelve  thousand  acres  of  land.  When  we  had  gotten 
out  of  Paugwank,  W(;  rode  through  a  thick  wood  in  the  edge 
of  East  riaddam,  till  we  came  to  Lyme.  The  first  house  we 
came  to  was  Capt.  .Jewett's,  the  father  of  the  young  persons 
with  me.  As  soon  as  we  had  hung  (sic)  our  horses,  we  went 
in  where  the  people  were.  When  they  came  to  know  from 
whence  I  came,  they  treated  me  with  a  great  deal  of  courtesy 
and  kindness.  The  Capt.  gave  me  an  invitation  to  tarry  at 
his  house  as  long  as  I  pleased.  In  a  few  minutes  dinner  was 
made  ready  and  brought  in,  and  set  upon  a  long  table,  round 
which  the  whole  family  gathered,  both  white  and  black.  His 
family  consists  of  nine  sons  and  one  daughter,  two  maids,  and 
five  to  six  negroes,  in  all,  sixteen  persons.  After  dimier  1  went 
out  with  Mr.  Jewett  and  his  sons,  to  see  them  work  at  a  little 
distance  from  the  house.  Here  1  beheld  an  abundance  of 
4 


:.l 

1 

!l 

i" 

ij 

,  i 

1 

y 

I*' 
■; 

26 


FRONTIEll     missionary;     OR, 


[1754. 


good  land,  cleared  and  well  brought  to,  upon  which  grew  the 
finest  grass,  wheat,  and  Indian  corn,  I  have  seen  any  wiiere  this 
year,  yet  still  I  fancied  it  an  i;npleasant  place,  on  account  of 
its  being  encumbered  with  rocky  and  mountainous  land,  and 
having  not  above  two  houses  in  sight.     »        *       «       *       * 

Observation.  —  I  am  greatly  astonished  when,  upon  travel- 
ling, I  find  the  people  of  this  country  to  carry  their  resentments 
against  each  other  so  high,  on  account  of  the  difTering  senti- 
ments witii  respect  to  a  few  unessential  modes  and  trilling 
circumstances  in  religious  worship,  at  the  same  time  all,  of 
every  persuasion,  indulge  in  a  custom,  not  only  notoriously 
indecent,  but  the  most  subversive  of  the  reverence  due  to  the 
Grand  Object  of  adoration,  and  this  is  a  practice  they  have  in 
all  their  assemblies  of  persons  of  both  sexes  meeting  together, 
by  which  practice  tliey  utterly  overthrow  the  design  for  which 
religious  societies  were  established ;  that  people  should  maivc 
music  vocal  only,  or  vocal  and  instrumental  together;  and 
that  they  should  imagine  the  reading  of  prayers,  or  the  pro- 
nouncing of  them  extempore  such  a  serious  matter  of  con- 
science, and  admit,  universally,  an  evil  from  which  so  many 
fatal  practices  flow,  to  be  practised  with  impunity  in  the  con- 
gregations. 

MOUEGAN. 

Juhj  22(1.  This  town  is  about  three  miles  square,  lying  in 
the  north-east  corner  of  New  London.  It  has  in  it  two  hun- 
dred or  three  hundred  Indians, -vvho  live  in  almost  the  primitive 
mode,  and  many  of  them  cannot  speak  a  word  of  English. 
They  wear  a  dress  the  most  savage  and  barbarous  that  ever  I 
saw.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Jewett  formerly  brought  them  to  his 
meeting,  but  the  separate  preachers  have  of  late  drawn  them 
away.  However,  Mr.  Jewett  continues  to  instruct  them  once 
a  fortnight,  in  the  principles  of  the  Christian  religion,  at  the 
public  school-house,  where  they  have  a  master  to  teach  their 
children.     #      #     * 

As  an  instance  of  the  prodigious  plenty  in  these  parts,  the 
last  year,  I  shall  mention  a  short  story  my  landlord  told  me, 
viz. :  a  man  in  his  near  neighborhood,  having  buried  upwards 


■•'♦a 


m 


^^ 


1754.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


27 


1 


^'■ 


of  (Mighty  ba.slit'ls  of  potatoos  last  fall,  made  proclamation  in 
the  sj)riiig,  that  if  any  |)C'rson  would  be  at  the  trouble  of  dig- 
ging them  up,  lie  should  have  them  all  for  his  reward,  but 
nobody  appeared  to  undertake  it,  which  is  not  only  an  instance 
of  great  plenty,  but  also  of  the  wealthy  circumstances  of  the 
people  in  town. 

WETHi:i?SFIELD. 

Jii/^  2'SiL  This  paradise  is  seated  on  the  western  bank  of 
Connecticut  River,  on  an  extended  plain,  gradually  rising  from 
the  first  range  of  scpiares,  and  reaching  two  or  three  miles  each 
way,  contains  a  vast  number  of  the  neatest  buildings  in 
America.  The  main  street  is  most  curiously  levelled,  and 
runs  from  north  to  south,  as  straight  as  a  mathematical  line, 
in  the  midst  of  which  is  a  meeting-house  of  the  oddest  form. 
On  the  eastern  side,  between  the  buildings,  and  among  a 
beautiful  range  of  orchards,  lay  a  ravishing  continuation  of 
gardens.  The  western  head  forms  the  front  of  several  most 
elegant  scjuares,  all  richly  occupied  with  gardens  and  little 
fields  of  onions.  But  it  is  impossible  for  my  tongue  to  utter; 
or  my  pen  to  describe  the  beauties  of  this  place.  In  short,  the 
town,  by  reason  of  its  vast  variety  of  scpuires,  cut  into  most 
elegant  forms,  and  decorated  with  the  profusion  of  nature  and 
art,  the  neatness  and  beauty  of  its  edifices,  and,  lastly,  by 
reason  of  the  most  delightful  scenes  and  ravishing  prospects, 
opening  themselves  to  view  on  every  hand,  may  well  be 
thought  to  equal,  if  not  to  exceed,  those  blooming  fields  where 
the  first  and  only  happy  pair  of  humane  kind  confessed  the 
gentlest  passion,  and  united  in  the  softest  embrace." 

Mr.  Bailey  continued  his  journey  through  Hartford,  Spring- 
field and  Worcester,  to  Cambridge,  \vhere  he  arrived  on  the 
27th  day  of  .July.  His  journal  is  full  and  minute  to  the  day 
spoken  of,  but  enough,  perhaps,  has  been  already  extracted 
from  it. 

In  August  of  the  same  year,  .Tacob  was  again  in  Ports- 
mouth, and  a  guest  of  Rev.  IMr.  Langdon.  Among  others,  he 
called  on  Mr.  Wiberd,  who,  at  his  leaving,  gave  him  "a  pair 
of  fine  worsted  stockings."    Afterwards,  calling  on  Mr.  Haven, 


III 

'I 


illl 

! 
ji 

:ii  I 


: 


li 


28 


r  R  O  NT  I  E  R     :M  I  S  S  I  O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1754. 


ho  dined  with  him,  by  invitation.  "  lie  took  me  into  his  study, 
and  presented  me  with  a  view  of  all  his  booivs,  and,  in  the  end, 
gave  me  three  volumes  in  quarto.'' 

It  would  seem  tliat  greater  liberty,  in  some  respects,  was 
allowed  to  students  in  Harvard  College  during  Mr.  Bailey's 
residence  there,  than  would  now  be  granted. 

"  Maij  1st,  ]7o3.  This  day  arrived  here  about  three  o'clock, 
Mrs.  Page,  and  also  ^Irs.  Nabby  Thompson,  of  jMy.^iic,  and 
Mrs.  Sally  Clerck,  of  Boston,  who  came  first  to  my  chairiber 
and  then  to  Goodhue's,  where  we  drank  tea;  after  which  we 
went  into  the  library,  and  then  to  my  chamber,  where  I  enter- 
tained them  with  a  bowl  of  punch.  Then  Goodhue,  Powers 
and  I  waited  vipon  them  back  to  Goodhue's  chamber,  and 
after  drinking,  conducted  them  to  their  chair,  and  there  left 
them." 

The  following  is  deemed  worthy  of  being  extracted: 

"  Neivbnrij,  Aiis>-iist  11///,  17o  I.  This  day  being  Sunday,  we 
were,  very  early  in  the  morning,  called  upon  to  arise.  Upon 
coming  down,  we  found  a  table  prepared,  and  everything  in 
order  for  drinking  tea.  After  breakfast  and  prayers,  we  made 
ready  for  meeting,  which  began  about  ten  o'clock.  T  sat  this 
forenoon  in  (Rev.)  Mr.  Parsons' pew,  it  being  the  second  high- 
est in  the  n)eeting-house.  The  next  to  ours  was  Dr.  Sayres', 
and  round  about  1  saw  several  persons  of  my  acquaintance, 
who  came  to  me  after  meeting,  and  invited  me  to  their  habi- 
tations, but  being  pleasantly  engaged  with  Mr.  Parsons'  family, 
I  refused  their  kindness.  At  noon  we  drank  a  dish  of  tea 
again,  after  which  Jona,,  Sam.  and  I  retired  into  the  orchard, 
where  we  spent  the  time  in  too  much  jollity  for  the  season. 
In  the  afternoon  we  attended  public  worship.  Here,  as  Mr. 
Parsons  was  urging  the  use  of  examination,  and  telling  the 
people  'that  some  could  not  endure  such  doctrine,  who,  though 
they  had  never  told  the  minister  of  it,  had  hinted  as  much  to 
others,'  u})on  which  a  certain  fellow  starts  up  and  cries,  '  Sir, 
you  had  better  call  me  out  by  name;'  at  which  the  whole  con- 
gregation fell  into  laughter.  After  meeting,  we  returned  to 
JNIr.  Parsons',  and  had  a  good  supper  in  readiness,  after  which 
I  had  some  discourse  with  Mr.  Parsons  upon  divers  subjects. 


li       I! 


1754.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


29 


I 


I 

Vi 


but  more  especially  concerning  those  rambling  preachers,  tha. 
have  dispersed  themselves  over  these  parts  of  the  country,  to 
the  great  disiurbance  both  of  ministers  and  people.      Night 


[The  following  cut  is  a  view  of  the  mcpting-honse  in  which  the  incident,  spoken  of  in 
the  preceding  page,  took  place.] 


^'>'!>.DAItnCT.O''l. 


NORTH  WEST  VIEW  OF  THE  FIRST  PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH, 
NEWnURVl'ORT,    MASS., 
IN    WHICH    ARE    DKPOSITED    THE    REMAINS    OF 

REV.    GEORGE    WIIITEFIELD. 

IS'CLUni.HG    A    UISTANT  VIEW    OF    THE    HOUSE    IN    WHICH    HE  DIED, 


coming  on,  S.  Parsons,  Jonathan  and  I,  having  obtained  leave 
of  his  father,  took  a  ramble  through  the  town.  We  pr(>sently 
lit  Nvith  N.  Parker  and  some  other  young  sparks,  who  joined 
themselves  to  our  club.  After  we  had  visited  several  streets 
and  lanes,  we  went  into  D.  Bailey's,  where  we  tarried  a  few 


30 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1755. 


ill 

11!  I 


'■■i  .  u 


I-   ( 


; 


.:1 


.'I 


i  1  "I 


:i 


minutos,  and  in  going  down  to  the  water,  we  had  the  pleasure 
of  seeing  Thos.  Bradbury  and  his  cousin,  Miss  Betty  Nolton, 
who  invited  me  to  visit  thetn  the  next  day.  Accordingly,  I 
engaged  to  breakfast  with  them  the  next  morning,  and  so  left 
them,  after  which  we  returned,  through  several  streets  and 
lanes,  to  Mr.  Parsons'.  The  old  sir  and  his  lady  being  now 
gone  to  repose,  wp  three  went  into  the  kitchen,  as  far  remote 
as  possible  from  the  intelligence,  where  we  discoursed  a  long 
time  with  the  maid,  a  young  Scotch  girl.  We  at  length  ar- 
rived at  such  a  degree  of  extravagance,  as  to  say  whatever 
came  uppermost.  About  twelve  or  one  o'clock,  the  old  lady 
arose  and  came  into  the  room  where  we  sat,  which  at  first 
gave  us  some  alarm,  but  finding  her  design  not  unfavorable, 
we  contented  ourselves  till  she  retired,  when  we  again  resumed 
our  merriment,  till  near  two  o'clock,  when  we  went  to  rest. 

OBSERVATIONS. 

Observation!. —  Guilty  persons  seldom  need  any  accuser 
but  their  own  conscience,  or  witnesses  beside  themselves  to 
declare  their  crimes.  He  must  be  endued  with  a  more  than 
common  share  of  impudence,  who  can  hear  the  aggravations 
of  his  guilt  displayed  without  some  evident  tokens  of  regret 
in  his  countenance. 

Observation  2.  —  We  should  ever  be  cautio'.is  of  exposing 
our  weakness  before  servants,  and  persons  of  low  stations  in 
life,  especially  if  we  have  any  regard  to  being  extensively 
useful." 

Mr.  Bailey  was  graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1755. 
Among  his  classmates  were  John  Adams,  afterwards  President 
of  the  United  States;  John  Wentworth,  who  received  the 
honorary  degree  of  LL.  D.  from  the  Universities  of  Oxford 
and  Aberdeen,  and  from  Dartmouth  College,  was  royal  gover- 
nor of  the  province  of' New  Hampshire  and  of  Nova  Scotia, 
and  was  icreated-  an  'English  baronet  in  1796 ;  William  Browne 
and  David  ;Sewall, 'both'  of  whom  became  judges  of  the 
supreme  court  of  Massachusetts,  and  the  former  afterwards 
royar'governor' of  Bermuda;  Tristram  Dalton,  U.  S.  Senator; 


I 

I 


[1755. 

e  pleasure 
:y  Nolton, 
rdingly,  I 
nd  so  left 
rects  and 
eing  now 
ar  ren^iote 
ed  a  loner 
ength  ar- 
wliatever 

old  lady 
li  at  first 
avorable, 

resumed 
)  rest. 


accuser 
selves  to 
ore  than 
avations 
3f  regret 

xposing 
tions  in 
ensively 


1755.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


31 


^ 


Samuel  Locke,  S.  T.  T).,  President  of  Harvard  College  in 
1770;  Rev.  Wm.  Willard  Wheeler,  Missionary  of  the  Church 
of  England  at  Georgetown,  Me. ;  Charles  Gushing,  Jonathan 
Bowman,  and  others. 

In  a  letter  to  his  parents  just  before  his  graduating,  he 
speaks  in  terms  of  warm  gratitude  of  the  interest  which  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Jewett  of  Rowley  had  taken  in  him.  He  says:  "  He 
not  only  instructed  me  for  this  society,  (i.  e.  Harvard  College,) 
but  has  since  been  almost  the  procuring  cause  of  all  my 
benefactions ;  and  now,  whilst  in  Bos^^on,  he  spared  no  pains 
to  advance  my  interests.  I  have  everything  of  clothing  for 
commencement,  but  only  a  pair  of  stockings  and  a  gown." 

In  a  letter  to  Rev.  Mr.  Jewett,  about  the  same  time,  he  ex- 
presses the  like  sentiments,  and  from  his  giving  Mr.  J.  a  stat(>- 
ment  of  the  amount  due  from  him  to  the  college,  it  is  probable 
that  he  expected  from  that  gentleman  a  loan  of  the  sum 
necessary  to  discharge  this  debt. 


n  1755. 
resident 
.^ed  the 
Oxford 
gover- 
Scotia, 
Browne 
of  the 
rvvards 
mator ; 


,    l-l 


32 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1755. 


i        I 


CHAPTER    III. 


"< 


TirK  importance  wliich  lias  always  been  attached  to  an  uni- 
versal system  of  education  in  New  England,  is  well  known  to 
all  who  are  familiar  with  her  history. 

From  its  earliest  period  provision  has  been  made  by  law 
that  every  male*  child  should  have  the  opportunity  of  ac- 
quiring at  least  the  elements  of  learning  at  the  public  expense. 

This  provision,  of  course,  has  called  into  requisition  the 
services  of  many  persons  competent  to  teach.  And  as  the 
school  districts  w^ere  of  necessity  small  in  area,  their  number 
was  far  greater  than  that  of  the  towns.  Till  of  late  years, 
school  teaching  has  not,  as  a  general  thing,  been  a  distinct 
profession. 

The  business  was  formerly  followed  mainly  by  college 
students  of  small  means,  in  their  vacations,  or  by  graduates, 
who  finding  that  a  debt  remained  for  their  education,  taught 
school  in  order  to  earn  t!ie  money  for  discharging  that  debt. 

The  profession  to  which  they  looked  was  at  the  end  of  their 
course  as  school-masters,  and  their  continuance  in  this  em- 
ployment depended  entirely  on  the  length  of  time  necessary 
to  free  them  from  pecuniary  embarrassment. 

Mr.  Bailey  followed  this  course.  He  had  tried  it  during  his 
second  year  in  college,  but  from  the  short  time  in  wliich  he 
was  so  occupied,  it  would  seem  that  it  did  not  prove  as  protit- 


*  It  is  believed  that  no  provision  was  made  for  tlie  public  instruction  o{  Jhnn/es  till 
in  the  latter  half  of  the  last  century.  It  is  stated  that  females  were  not  admitted 
into  the  public  schools  in  Boston  till  the  year  1700,  and  then  at  first  only  six  months 
by  way  of  experiment. — [liarnum  Field's  statement  at  Teachers'  Convention,  Wor- 
cester, Mass.,  1819.] 

Previous  to  the  year  1789,  boys  only  were  taught  in  the  public  schools  of  Boston. 
In  the  year  1789  measures  were  taken  for  "instructing  both  sexes." — [The  Public 
Schools  of  Boston,  Boston  Almanac,  1849,  pp.  83,  84. 


[1755. 


1755.] 


I,  I  F  E     OF     REV.     J  A  C  O  H     n  A  1 1.  E  Y . 


33 


ablo  as  perhaps  he  expected.  The  following  extracts  from  his 
journal  relate  to  this  matter. 

Jioir/rj/,  Jan.  13t/i,  175i}.  This  day  conelnded  first  upon 
my  keeping  sehool.  The  young  nien  to  lind  wood,  and  the 
young  women  eandles,  and  ])ay  besides  three  shillings  O.  T., 
per  week.  This  school  was  kept,  as  he  says,  in  the  lirst  place 
in  his  sister's  house,  and  was  afterwards  r(Mnoved  to . 

Jan.  15.  The  number  of  those  who  ])ut  themselves  under 
my  instructions  is,  males,  seventeen;  females,  ten;  total, 
twenty-seven. 

'J"he  school  soon  terminated,  for  under  date  of  February  9th, 
he  says,  "  this  was  the  last  day  of  my  keeping  school  here.'' 

We  next  find  him  engaged  in  this  employment  shortly  after 
completing  his  college  course.  He  had  left  his  native  province 
and  was  in  that  of  New  Hampshire  before  August  of  this 
year,  discharging  the  duties  of  his  temporary  profession.  He 
thus  writes  to  a  friend  at  Cambridge: 


college 


mg  his 


«  Kingston,  N.  XL,  Sept.  29th,  1755. 
"  To  Mr.  E.  Sjmrhaich',  at  Cambridge  : 

"  Dear  Sir  : — My  lot  is  cast  in  a  solitary  region,  where  I 
have  no  amusement,  except  reflecting  on  that  pleasant  situa- 
tion I  enjoyed  a  few  weeks  ago.  I  call  it  solitary,  not  so 
much  for  want  of  company,  as  because  I  can  find  no  agreeable 
companions  in  the  place  where  I  reside. 

"  It  is  a  large  town,  consisting  of  three  parishes,  and  this 
has  no  less  than  three  hundred  and  sixty  houses.  My  school 
has  belonging  to  it  above  one  hundred  and  fifty  scholars, 
mostly  young. 

"  My  time  passes  away  uncheckered  with  variety.  I  have 
no  scenes  of  novelty  to  amuse,  nor  changing  appearances  to 
entertain  my  fancy.  To-day  opens  the  same  prospect  with 
yesterday,  and  to-morrow  I  expect  nothing  new. 

"  I  feel,  however,  the  same  temper  towards  Mother  Harvard, 
which  the  Israelitish  Songster  had  tow^ards  his  beloved  Jerusa- 
lem, when  seated  beside  the  waters  of  Babylon. 

"  But  instead  of  rivers  or  purling  streams,  I  find  nothing 


{ 


4 


'*! 


34 


F  U  O  N  T  I  i;  11     >r  I  S  S  I O  N  A  U  Y  ;     OH, 


[1750. 


except  sli»<,Miiiting  pools  aiul  disiiiiil  swamps;  instead  ol'  wil- 
low groves,  llie  usual  repose  and  retreat  oi  disconsolate  lovers, 
I  have  only  ranges  of  shaggy  lietnloek,  and  the  gloomy  shades 
of  lofty  pines.  As  to  a  harp,  never  having  used  one,  there  re- 
mains none,  either  to  hang  up,  or  to  lling  away.  The  people 
in  these  |)arts  have?  no  very  musical  ears,  so  that  an  un- 
Ilarvardinium  story  will  serve  instead  of  a  song.'' 

A  letter  which  Mr.  Bailey  addn>ssed  to  his  classmate,  .John 
Adams,  dated  Kingston,  Dee.  29th,  \7')''>,  brought  one  in  re- 
turn, of  which  a  fac  simile  is  Iumt  given.* 

The  nature  and  amount  of  his  lal)ors  at  this  time  may  be 
learned  from  an  extract  of  a  letter  that  he  wrote,  dated  ,Ian. 
4th,  17')():  —  "That  you  may  have  some  conception  of  my 
situation,  I  must  endeavor  to  accpiaint  you  with  my  constant 
employ.  From  nine  in  the  morning  to  the;  hour  of  ten  in  the 
evening,  I  am  constantly  in  my  school,  except  two  hours,  viz., 
from  twelve  to  one,  and  from  live  to  six.  And  this  will  by  no 
means  appear  incredible,  if  you  only  consider  the  numbers 
under  my  inspection. 

"  My  constant  attendants  in  the  day  are  fifty,  not  to  reckon 
divers  others,  who  come  and  go  as  the  weather  permits  :  in 
the  evening  I  have  between  thirty  and  forty,  so  that  the  whole 
number  of  my  scholars,  at  least,  are  eighty-live.  I  have  three 
gramn\arians,  sixteen  arithmeticians,  and  thirty-two  writers." 

Shortly  after  this  Mr.  Baihiy  writes  thus  to  a  friend  : 

"  Though  whole  forests  of  pine  and  hemlock  cover  this 
country,  and  oftentimes  disturb  our  senses  with  their  sooty  in- 
fluence, yet  all  this  is  but  a  trifle,  compared  with  the  sooty 
conversation  which  fills  every  private  apartment,  as  well  as 
more  public  places  of  resort.  Not  only  taverns  and  retailers' 
shops  are  infected  with  the  most  poisonous  balderdash,  but 
even  the  temples  of  the  Most  High  are  not  exempted. 

"  The  late  terrible  dispensations  of  heaven  have  no  manner 


53 

7«f 


3 


•If 


* 


Pi      'vi 

ill  i: 


*  A  fac  simile  of  a  letter  from  Jolin  Adams,  afterw.irds  President  of  the  United 
States,  is  given  opposite.  This  letter  is  thus  superscribed :  "  To  Mr.  Jacob  Bailey, 
Schoolmaster,  at  Kingston,  N.  Hampshire.    These." 


,1     Si 


■♦■  f 


!:■      I 


i  ."'I 


'11. 


Ill  ">i:i 

ill    m 


I 


o 

p 


m 


00 


CO 

CM 
'■  o 

•V 

m 

— 

5 


CO 


■s 


^^ 


I 


'™1' " 


II-  -.1 


^ 


't' 


!/■;: 


v>^' 


lU     I 


A»^ 


.■i^^.- 


<  t 


■^^ 


..►^ 


;^' 


HI 


I  ! 


1 


I 


..,y 


i'j 


<  ('■■- 


1756.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     I3AILEY. 


35 


of  effect  upon  them,  except  it  be  to  render  them  more  hardened 
and  vile.  Drinking,  Sabbath-breaking,  swearing,  and  im- 
modesty prevail,  and  what  will  be  tiie  event,  God  only  knows. 
*  *  *  I  must  tell  you  that  I  have  the  satisfaction  of 
finding  several  blooming  young  creatures  under  my  inspection, 
something  inclined  to  virtue  and  modesty,  but  alas,  I  must 
leave  these  dear  disciples  in  a  few  weeks,  and  I  am  afraid  that 
after  all  they  will  be  ruined  by  bad  example." 

Fcbrvarn  19//<,  175G.  Concluded  his  keei)ing  school  at 
Kingston  for  the  present.  A  few  days  after  he  returned  to 
his  native  place.  While  there,  he  mentions  that  one  "night 
there  was  a  (religious)  meeting  at  my  father's."  lie  adds,  by 
way  of  observation  :  "  Private  meetings  tend  greatly  to  keep 
up  the  life  and  spirit  of  religion  in  the  world,  if  managed  with 
prudence  and  discretion." 

'.Ir.  Bailey  returned  to  Kingston  and  opened  a  prirctfc  school 
on  the  1st  of  the  following  March,  which,  owing  to  some  cause 
unexplained  by  him,  terminated  in  about  two  weeks. 

He  then  made  a  visit  to  Cambridge,  and  says,  that  nn  the 
19th  March  "  he  saw  the  story  of  C^ueen  Esther  and  Ilamaa 
acted  in  the  college  chapel." 

A  second  attempt  to  establish  a  private  school  in  his  native 
town,  seems  to  have  proved  equally  unsuccessful,  for  he  re- 
cords that  about  April  14  he  "  set  up  a  small  private  school  in 
Rowley,"  and  about  a  month  afterwards  that  he  was  "out  of 
all  employ." 

On  a  journey  which  Mr.  Bailey  made  to  Boston  shortly 
after  this,  he  says,  "  it  was  our  fortune  to  fall  in  with  Sir  Wil- 
liam Pcpperell,  a  familiar  gentleman,  with  whom  we  had  no 
inconsiderable  diversion,  till  we  arrived  at  Ipswich,  at  which 
place  we  parted." 

"  On  the  16th  of  June,"  as  his  journal  states,  "  there  was  a 
general  muster  through  the  province,  none  being  excused  upon 
any  occasion  from  makiijg  their  appearance  in  the  liekl." 

On  the  21st  of  the  same  month  Mr.  Bailey  went  to  Hamp- 
ton, N.  II.,  in  accordance  with  previous  arrangements  to  take 
charge  of  the  public  school  in  that  place.     He  says  :  "  About 


irn^ 


I.  I. 


m\ ': 


■Pii 


ill 


lllll- 


36 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1757. 


the  dusk  of  the  evening,  I  was  visited  soon  after  my  arrival 
by  Dominie  Weeks  and  the  selectmen,  with  whom  I  had  a 
wearisome  conference. 

"  June  22d.  This  day  iirst  entered  into  my  school.  I  found 
a  vast  dilTerence  between  my  scholars  here  and  those  I  had  at 
Kingston.  Afierwards  lie  writes:  "  My  situation  at  Hampton 
is  i)(!rfectly  agreeable.  I  enjoy  all  the  satisfaction  and  delight 
a  person  can  receive  from  objects  of  sense.  My  lodgings  are 
contiguous  to  the  great  road,  and  surrounded  with  a  variety  of 
entertaining  prospects.  I  am  favored  with  the  conversation  of 
scholars,  men  of  sense  and  lea,  ng,  and  when  the  gentle 
shadows  of  evening  approacli,  a' company  of  easy,  ingenuous 
young  ladies  afford  us  tlieir  pleasing  society  to  walk  abroad 
into  the  streets  or  neigiiboring  fields  to  view  the  beauties  of 
nature." 

"  Ju//j  2d.  This  day  begin  to  train  my  scholars  in  military 
exercises,  1  propose  to  set  apart  every  Friday  afternoon  for 
spelling,  and  to  appoint  the  boy  who  remains  uppermost  after 
the  last  word  in  the  appropriated  portion,  captain,  and  the 
other  oHicers  successively  in  order." 

Some  evidence  of  the  estimation  in  which  Mr.  Bailey's  ser- 
vices as  a  teacher  were  held  by  the  people  among  whom  he 
now  was,  will  appear  in  the  fact,  that  when  he  had  been  with 
them  about  four  months,  and  was  solicited  to  remove  to  a 
neighboring  town,  the  citizens  of  Hampton  increased  his  yearly 
pay  £80,  O.  T. 

The  following  was  evidently  intended  for  publication. 
Whether  or  not  it  ever  appeared  in  print,  is  not  known.  It  is, 
however,  thought  worthy  of  a  j)lace  here,  for  its  statement  of 
certain  j)ractices  prevailing  when  it  was  written,  and  also  for 
the  singular  theory  of  the  writer  as  to  their  cause. 

"Hampton,  Jan.  10th,  1757. 

"  Tu  Mr.  Fuwlc,  Publisher  of  the  Neiv  Hampshire  Gazette  : 

'  Discite  non  tcmncre  divos.' — Virgil. 

"  It  is  enough  to  fill  a  considerate  mind  with  the  deepest 
horror,  to  see  with  what  irreverence  and  inattention  many  peo- 


1758.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


37 


pie  attend  sacred  worship;  they  seem  to  rush  into  the  Divine 
presence  with  tiie  same  lightness  and  airy  appearance  they 
carry  to  shows  and  places  of  diversion  ;  even  in  their  addresses 
to  the  Supreme  Majesty  of  Heaven,  when  their  minds  ought 
to  be  filled  with  the  j)rofoundest  solemnity  and  the  most  awful 
conceptions,  how  often  do  tlieir  eyes  rove  unguarded,  and 
wander  from  one  gay  object  to  another,  till  their  hearts  become 
lost  to  all  serious  impressions,  till  some  pleasing  amusement 
steals  upon  the  fancy,  and  warndy  engages  all  their  devotion. 
"I  shall  add  no  more  at  present,  but  refer  this  question  to 
the  judgment  of  sober-thinking  men,  whether  these  disorders 
do  not,  in  a  great  measure,  proceed  from  both  sexes  being 
permitted  to  mingle  in  our  public  assemblies  promiscuously?" 


In  April,  17-j8,  Mr.  Bailey's  labors,  as  a  teacher  at  IIam|)ton, 
were  concluded.  The  following  is  jL^ntered  in  his  journal  at 
that  time  : 

"  April  Isf,  17")><.  This  being  the  day  I  had  appointed  for 
any  of  my  scholars  who  had  an  incliiuition  to  pay  me  a  visit, 
I  had  my  study  almost  full  from  nine  o'clock  to  sunset,  during 
which  season  I  was  inspired  with  many  tender  sensations. 
The  little  creatures  who  had  been  so  long  under  my  instruction, 
were  exceedingly  moved  at  parting,  and  the  tokens  of  sorrow 
which  they  exhibited,  had  almost  the  same  ellect  upon  me. 

Ohseri'utioii,  —  Nothing  gives  a  person,  I  believe,  a  more 
sensible  feeling,  than  a  separation  from  those  who  have,  upon 
every  occasion,  alVorded  him  their  kind  instructions." 

In  speaking  of  a  female  aecjuaintance,  whose  disregard  to 
sacred  things,  and  even  violent  op[)osition  and  seolling,  had 
been  succeeded  by  a  lov(!  and  reverence;  of  her  Maker,  an 
interest  in  the  spiritual  state  of  others,  and  an  "  aversion  to 
all  kinds  of  immodesty  and  immoderation,"  then  too  common, 
Mr.  Bailey  observes:  "I  had  an  opportunity,  of  late,  to  take 
notice  of  the  Divine  power  in  inllueneing  the  hearts  of  several, 
in  a  truly  wonderful  and  surprising  manner,  which  plainly 
shows,  that  no  human  consideration  can  avail  against  the 
eflicaeious  operations  of  Heaven." 

What  were  the  motives  which  induced  him  to  leave  Ilamp- 


WT^ 


I  ''1 


!1    ' 


'(  :'; 


i    : 


■'i  li 


:'ir, 


■  i 


m 

li 


,,Uii 


38 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1758. 


ton,  wlioro,  he  says,  ho  spoilt  nearly  two  years  very  pleasantly, 
he  has  not  stated. 

Nor  are  there  any  means  of  knowing  how  he  obtained  a 
sehool  in  (lloneester,  Mass.,  to  whieli  place  he  now  removed, 
after  a  space  of  two  months,  in  which  he  was  unemployed. 
His  first  impressions  may  be  learned  from  the  following  entry 
in  his  journal : 

"  Apri/  10///,  17o>^.  This  day  being  INIonday,  first  opened 
my  school,  but  found  everything  vastly  ditTerent  from  what  I 
had  befon;  been  accustom(\d  to  in  those  regions  of  rusticity 
when;  1  had  formerly  placed  my  abode.  The  scholars,  I  ob- 
served, began  to  use  every  method  to  impose  upon  me,  and  I 
presently  found  myself  in  a  very  unhappy  situation,  on  account 
of  my  perfect  ignoranci',  both  of  their  characters  and  the  man- 
ner of  mstruction  they  had  been  used  to  iinder  former  mas- 
ters." 

After  having  been  in  Gloucester  nearly  two  months,  INIr. 
Bailey  undertook  a  journey  to  Portsmouth,  and  lodged  with 
Col.  Weeks,  in  Hampton.  The  next  day  he  went  on  to  the 
place  of  his  destination.  *  «  *  "  It  being  Sunday,  we 
should  have  found  it  something  dilllcult  to  travel,  had  not  the 
smallpox  been  in  Hampton,  so  as  to  prevent  the  use  of  their 
meeting-house.  *  *  We  reached  Portsmouth  just  as  the 
bells  were  ringing  for  one  (o'clock),  and  came  to  Col.  Warner'^, 
where  we  met  with  exceeding  handsome  treatment.  In  the 
afternoon  I  went  to  church,  but  was  so  overcome  with  the 
extrem(!  heat,  the  fatigues  of  the  journey,  and  the  want  of 
rest,  that  I  should  have  certainly  fallen  asleep,  had  not  novelty 
kept  me  awake.  At  evening  I  returned  to  the  Colonel's,  and 
spent  some  time  in  conversation  with  Mrs.  Warner,  on  the 
ceremonies  of  the  church.'' 

The  next  day,  he  adds:  "I  went  to  the  printer's,  where  I 
engaged  !iim  to  |)rint  a  little  book  for  children." 

On  the  fourth  of  the  same  month  we  find  him  at  Exeter, 
N.  H,,  at  the  house  of  Ri'v.  Mr.  Odlin,  where  the  association 
of  (Congregational)  ministers  were  assembled.  "  Here,"  says 
he,  "  I  found  Mr.  Merrill,  Mr.  Parker,  Pike,  and  others,  who 
came  with  an  expectation  of   hearing  my  approbation  dis- 


[1758. 


1758.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


139 


asantly, 

aincd  a 
['inovetl, 
fi  ployed, 
ig  entry 

opened 
1  what  I 
rusticity 
rs,  I  ob- 
le,  and  I 
aepount 
he  man- 
lev  mas- 

iths,  Mr. 
»ed  with 
tn  to  the 
day,  wo 
not  the 
of  their 
it  as  the 
Varner'.^, 

In  the 
xhh  the 
want  of 
novelty 
el's,  and 

on  the 

where  I 

Exeter, 
ociation 

^,"  says 
'r3,  who 
ion  dis- 


course. However,  it  was  with  tlje  greatest  difliculty  I  was 
prevailed  upon  to  overcome  iriy  bashful  luuuor  so  far  as  to 
read  my  discourse.  When  I  had  raiished,  I  had  the  satisfac- 
tion to  find  it  well  received,  and  accordingly,  after  dinner,  they 
gave  me  an  a|>probation  to  preach  the  Gospel.  O,  that  I  may 
be  improved  as  a  blessing  to  mankind,  and  be  an  instrument 
of  advancing  the  Redeemer's  kingdom  I" 

The  subject  of  this  Memoir  was  now  a  regular  clergyman, 
according  to  the  rules  of  the  predominant  denomination.  His 
labors  in  school  teaching,  during  the  three  years  since  he  left 
college,  were  arduous  (as  we  have  seen)  and  almost  uninter- 
mitted.  Under  these  circumstances,  how  he  could  have  the 
opportunity  of  ac(juiring  any  large  amount  of  theological 
knowledge,  it  were  dillicult  to  tell.  Yet,  those  "having  au- 
thority," in  his  and  their  view,  gave  him  ollicial  permission, 
publicly,  to  teach  and  j)reach  in  the  congregation.  They  must 
also  have  been  satisfied  of  his  personal  piety,  else  they  would 
hardly  haVe  consented  to  his  occupyinjr  a  position  in  which  he 
would  not  only  be  regarded  as  a  guide,  but  as  an  example  to 
others. 

'■'■  July  l^dlk.  Commencement  day  at  Harvard  College.  *  * 
About  four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  meeting  began,  when  I 
had  to  ascend  the  rostrum  a  second  time,  and  to  dispute  from 
this  (luestion:  Imperium  sive  hominibus  prorsus  neeessarium 
sit?" 

In  the  course  of  a  few  days,  Mr.  Bailey  again  visited  Ports- 
mouth. "  When  I  arrived,  about  sunset,  I  called  upon  Mr. 
Fowle,  where  I  found  the  little  book  printed,  which  I  had  pre- 
pared for  children,  after  which  I  |)ut  up  at  Col.  Warner's,  and 
was  very  courteously  received  by  him  and  his  lady.''  On  leav- 
ing this  hospitable  family,  he  received  "seven  louis  from  the 
Colonel,  and  to  the  value  of  as  many  pounds  from  his  lady,  to 
his  own  use." 

The  journeys  of  which  we  have  spoken  above,  did  not,  it 
would  seen),  interrupt  Mr.  Bailey's  school  at  Gloucester,  which 
was  kept  for  him  by  a  friend  in  his  absence. 

It  certainly  appears  strange  to  our  present  ideas  of  ministe- 
rial conduct,  to  read  an  entry  in  which  he  records  that,  being 


!! 


frrf'f'i 


V: 


I '  I 


>lli!i 


ii! 


I;     \ 


l'.;       'Ill; 


40 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1758. 


in  company  on  an  evening  in  August  of  this  year,  he  "played 
several  games  of  cards."' 

On  another  journey,  made  to  New  Hampshire,  he  stopped 
at  Col.  Weeks's,  in  Hampton,  on  the  13th  of  August.  He 
says,  in  his  journal  of  that  date:  "Mr.  Braekett  called  at  the 
gate,  where  I  waited  upon  him,  and  had  an  invitation  to  Ports- 
mouth, which  he  imagined  njight  be  greatly  for  my  advantage, 
as  there  was  a  mission  vacant  for  a  minister  of  the  Church  of 
England.  I'his  proposal  wonderfully  ])lcased  both  me  and 
Mr.  Weeks." 

The  next  day  found  INIr.  Bailey  in  Portsmouth,  at  the  house 
of  his  benefactor.  Col.  Warner.  Dr.  Braekett  interested  him- 
self in  the  matter  about  which  he  had  spoken  to  Mr.  Bailey  in 
Hampton.  But  it  would  seem  that,  at  present,  inquiries  only 
could  be  made,  the  result  of  which  the  Dr.  promised  to  write 
to  Mr.  Bailey,  after  the  return  of  the  latter  to  Gloucester. 

Mr.  Bailey  did  not  fail,  however,  to  call  on  Col.  Weeks,  in 
Hampton,  on  his  homeward  journey  —  when  he  says:  "  I  re- 
lieved their  impatience  to  hear  of  my  success  at  Portsmouth." 
He  also  called  on  a  classmate  of  his,  in  Salisbury,  and  "  ac- 
quainted him  with"  his  "designs  of  visiting  England." 

On  the  evening  of  the  same  day,  being  in  Rowley,  he  says : 
"  I  visited  my  parents,  where  I  found  my  Aunt  Bailey,  who 
all  cried  out  upon  me  when  I  discovered  my  resolutions  of 
visiting  London  for  orders ;  and  after  all,  I  found  it  extremely 
difficult,  with  all  the  arguments  I  could  use,  to  gain  them  over 
to  any  favorable  sentiments  concerning  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land." 

Mr.  Bailey,  on  the  next  day,  resumed  his  occupation  of 
teaching  in  Gloucester. 

"  October  2i.st.  This  day,  at  evening,  visited  Capt.  Gibbs, 
and  acquainted  him  with  my  business  at  Portsmouth,  who 
seemed  much  pleased  at  the  prospect,  and  assured  me  that  he 
should  see  Mr.  Brown  shortly,  himself,  in  Boston,  when  he 
would  use  his  interest  in  my  behalf." 

Under  date  of  the  31st  of  the  same  month,  Mr.  Bailey  writes 
to  Dr.  Braekett,  at  Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  who,  it  will  be  recol- 
lected, made  the  suggestion  to  him,  that  it  might  be  for  his 


^ 


[1758. 
"  played 

stopped 
ist.  He 
•d  at  tlie 
to  Ports- 
vantago, 
hurch  of 

me  and 

le  liouse 
ted  lilm- 
t^ailey  in 
•ies  only 
to  write 
iter. 

/eeks,  in 
i :  "  I  re- 
imouth." 
nd  "  ae- 
1." 

he  says : 
ey,  who 
itions  of 
>ctrenriely 
em  over 
of  Eng- 

ation  of 

.  Gibbs, 

th,  who 

that  he 

vhen  he 

y  writes 
)e  rccol- 
!  for  his 


1759.] 


LIl'E     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


41 


interest  to  visit  the  latter  place.  INIr.  liailey  refers  to  the  above 
conversation  with  Capt.  (iii)hH,  and  says,  that  wliile  he  engaged 
to  use  his  interest  with  Mr.  Brown,  he  "  imagines  it  proper,  in 
the  mean  time,  to  have  it  mentioned  to  some  gentlemen  in 
Portsmouth."' 

In  a  letti'r  addressed  to  a  friend,  and  dated  (Jloueester,  Feb- 
ruary iiGth,  1759,  he  says  :  "  1  was  at  Hampton  the  fi'st  of  this 
month;"  and  afterwards,  in  the  same  letter:  "They  have  al- 
most made  a  Presbyterian  preiu^her  of  me  sinc(;  I  saw  you." 

It  is  ditlieult  to  tell  to  what  this  statement  refers.  Mr. 
Bailey  had,  for  some  months,  been  made,  i.  e.,  "  ap[)rol)ated" 
as  a  preacher,  by  a  Congregational  association.  Does  the 
above  refer  merely  To  a  change  of  relations  from  that  denomi- 
nation to  the  Presbyterian,  or  a  veguhir  ordination  as  a  Con- 
gregational minister?  And  had  this  anything  to  do  to  jirevent 
JMr.  Bailey's  intention  of  entering  the  Church  of  l^iMgiand? 
We  have  no  means  of  answering  these  (piestions. 

An  extract  on  page  10,  has  shown  that  the  general  ideas  of 
what  was  pro|ier  in  ministerial  practice  were  not  t)frentlcd  by 
clergymen  wlio  engaged  in  playing  cards,  and  th(>  sui)joined 
extract  will  show  that  tin;  public  were  equally  tolerant  with 
reference  to  their  engaging  in  another  amusement,  as  much 
objectionable  to  our  modern  notions  of  propriety. 

"  lioi'ict/,  May  30///,  1759.  Towards  evening,  the  actors 
eame  together  at  Mrs.  Woodman's,  when  we  attempted  to 
perform  the  j)lay  of  the  Sca[)in.     The  actors  were :  — 


OctariuH, 
Ja'((ii(Ici;  . 
Gripe,       . 
Thrifty* 
Scapiii,     . 

S/ii/t,        . 

Clara, 
Lucia, 


J.  liAii,i;v. 


WOMKN', 


Poi.i.Y  r. 

AMi;r,i.v. 


*  The  gentleman  wlio  s\istaincil  tliis  cliur.icter  became  a  clergyman  afterwards,  if, 
indeed,  he  was  not  one  at  this  liuie, 

6 


w^^ 


42 


r  R  ON  T  I  E  R     :M  I  S  S  I  O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1759. 


•'  After  taking  a  dish  of  tea,  we  all  together  walked  down 
to  the  meeting-house,  and  there  diverted  ourdelves  till  dusk, 
then  returning,  we  had  an  agreeable  dance. 

"  ILun])ton,  June  'Sd.  At  eight  o'clock  I  went  down  to 
(R(>v.)  Mr.  Cotton's,  and  took  breakfast,  uruler  the  most  j)ain- 
ful  anxiety.  After  which,  I  resorted  to  the  great  chamber  and 
))ernsed  my  sermons,  viewing,  at  the  same  time,  with  a  pensive 
diihiess,  those  surrounding  scenes  of  beavity  I  had  formerly, 
with  so  rnucli  pleasure,  wandered  throngii ;  a  glorious  sun  had 
brightened  all  the  fields,  and  painted  the  grass  with  golden 
splendors. 

"  Wlien  the  bell  rung,  and  we  entered  t!)(;  meeting-liouse,  I 
ascended  the  pulpit  with  the  utmost  agitation  of  spirit,  but 
was  enal)led  to  go  through  the  exercise  with  greater  freedom 
than  I  expected.  At  noon,  I  had  some  compliments  jvassed 
upon  me,  which  were  a  little  disagreeable.  In  the  afternoon, 
preached  from  this  text :  '  And  thou  Solomon,  my  son,'  etc. 
I  had  the  satisfaction  of  having  the  utmost  attention  given, 
the  whole  congregation  appeared  serious,  and  when  I  came  to 
address  those  dear  young  creatures,  who  had  formerly  been 
under  my  instruction,  the  concern  which  became  visible  in 
their  countenances,  all'ected  me  almost  beyond  measure.  After 
meeting,  I  perceived  that  my  discourses  and  performances  had 
been  greatly  to  the  acceptance  of  Mr.  Cotton.  When  family 
]>rayers  were  over,  I  walked  up  to  Col.  Weeks's.  Here  I  re- 
ceived a  great  many  compliments  on  account  of  my  perform- 
ances. C^ood  heavens,  preserve  me  from  the  mighty  swellings 
of  pride '.  " 

Being  in  Cambridge  on  the  19th  of  July,  Mr.  Bailey  was 
invited  to  preach  three  Sundays  in  Plymouth,  Mass.,  which 
invitation  he  accepted.  On  the  21st,  he  began  his  journey 
from  tJloucester,  and  reached  Plymouth  on  the  evening  of  the 
2'2ii.  "  The  famous  Deacon  Foster  soon  paid  us  a  visit,  but 
was,  1  perceived,  under  some  apprehensions  lest  I  should  be  a 
North  Shore  man,  an  appellation  for  Arminians."  Mr.  Bailey 
preached  both  parts  of  the  next  day  in  Plymouth,  and  left 
early  the  following  morning  for  Gloucester. 

The  following  Sunday  Mr.  Bailey  was  again  in  the  former 


1759.] 


L  I  r  E     O  r      R  E  V  .      JACOB      n  A  I  L  1",  Y . 


43 


is^elliiigs 


former 


town,  and  preached  all  day.  "  Abi  nt  six  o'elock,"  he  says  in  his 
jonrniil,  "  I  returned  to  my  lodgings,  and  repairing  to  my  eham- 
Imt,  endeavored  to  study,  but  Wiis  prevented,  by  a  jirodigious 
tumult  in  the  street.  I  looked  out  of  my  window,  whieii  faeetl 
the  great  street,  from  wliene*',  to  my  great  sur|)rise,  I  l)ehcid  a 
vast  /lumber  of  boys  and  girts  diverting  themselves  in  the  most 
noisy  manner.  At  length  they  entered  a  ruinous  building  on 
the  opposite  side  of  the  way,  and  spent  the  renminder  of  the 
day  and  part  of  the  evening,  in  playing  hide-and-go-seek.  'I'liis 
is  the  more  remarkable,  as  the  Plymouth  people  havir  always 
been  most  zealous  jiretetiders  to  religion,  and  still  are  the 
greatest  sticklers  in  the  country  for  orthodoxy." 

Mr.  Bailey  fulfilled  his  agreement  by  preaching  the  third 
Sunday  in  Plymouth.  Mr.  Hailey  also  preach(  d  in  "  ( Homes- 
ter Old  Town,"  March  t2oth  of  this  year,  and  at  Cape  Ann 
Harbor  the  19th  of  the  following  August,  as  appears  l)y  en- 
dorsements on  a  MS.  sermon  of  his,  still  in  existence. 

The  following  letter  needs  no  remark  : 

"  GLorcF,STKi{,  Sept.  24th,  J7;j9. 
"  To  Rev.  Mr.  Caner,  in  Boston  : 

'•  Rev.  Sir  :  —  I  take  this  opportunity  to  return  you  my  grate- 
ful acknowledgments  for  the  favor  you  have  done  me  in  lend- 
ing me  '  Potter  upon  Church  Government.'  I  have  carefully 
perused  it  vrith  Ijonnet's  Abridgment,  and  find  all  the  objec- 
tions against  Episcopal  ordination  and  conformity  to  the 
Church  of  England,  answered  entirely  to  my  satisfaction.  I 
would  still  entreat  your  advice,  and  should  highly  esteem  the 
favor  of  receiving  from  you  any  furtlu^r  directions." 

In  a  letter  of  the  same  date,  addressed  to  Dr.  Silvester  Gar- 
diner, at  Boston,  Mr.  Bailey  thanks  him  for  the  loan  of  his 
books,  which  had  proved  very  satisfactory  in  determining  his 
future  course. 

"  You  will  have  an  opportunity,"  the  letter  proceeds  to  say, 
"of  conversing  with  Capt.  Gibbs,  whose  generous  notice  first 
recommended  me  to  gentlemen  of  your  persuasion.  And  if 
you  think  proper  to  encourage  iny  proceedings,  I  shall  imme- 
diately endeavor  after  proper  testimonials." 


'■I 


f]WV  '" 


.r; 


j      . 
.,1      . 


ii'': 


't  "'\ 


^ 


it-  :  ' 

.,  .Hi 


mM 


m 
iitiii 


I 


44 


r  n  o  N  T 1 1:  ii     ai  i  s  s  i  n  n  a  h  y  ;    on, 


[175!). 


Mr.  Biiilcy  rLMiiiiliifd  in  (ilmiccslcr  lill  the  J'Jfli  of  Di'ccm- 
bcr,  to  which  dale  he  probably  kept  school  in  that  |)lace.* 

A  convonicnt  opportunity  is  allordcd,  in  this  stage  of  his 
history,  to  iiiako  sonic  (observations  on  his  character  and  acts 
\\\i  to  this  time. 

His  early  associations  and  strnf^^gU's  have  been  pretty  fully 
spoken  of,  principally  in  his  own  language. 

Social  distinctions  were  nincli  more  stronijlv  marked  a  cen- 
tnry  since  in  New  England  than  now.  Even  down  to  the 
Revolution,  (as  the  writer  is  informed,  by  good  authority,)  the 
names  of  the  mcnd)ers  in  the  classes  in  the  catalogue  of  Har- 
vard College  wert'  arranged  according  to  the  social  rank  of  the 
]Kirents  or  guardians  of  the  students. 

Mr.  IJailey'ri  name  stands  last  in  the  class  of  IToO.  Ills 
father  was  a  farmer,  a  calling  now  ctuisidered  as  respectable 
as  most  occupations,  but  tlu-n  placed  below  many  others, 
Avhich  at  the  presejit  time  do  not,  of  necessity,  confer  any 
marks  of  distinction. 

But  when  Mr.  llailey  bi'came  a  college  student,  he  was  at 
once;  admitted  To  the  society  of  those  who  would  not  have 
iioti(red  him  as  "a  tiller  of  the  soil.'" 

Thus  we  have  seen  him,  in  his  sophomnre  year,  the  guest 
of  the  revcrejid  clergy  and  of  lawyers  of  distinction;  noticed, 
on  more  than  on(^  oc  asion,  by  Sir  William  I'epperell,  and 
invited  to  visit  that  baronet;  and  dining  with  the  father  of  his 
classmate,  John  Wentworth,  the  father  then  holding  the  ollice 
of  Royal  Governor  of  New  Hampshire,  which  was  afterwards 
conferred  iijjon  the  son,  who  gradi;at«'d  in  the  same  class  with 
the  subject  of  our  sketch. 

Mr.  Bailey  <leserves  the  credit  of  so  discharging  his  duties 
during  the  four  years  that  he  taught  in  ditlerent  places,  that 
the  thoughts  of  his  faithfulness  must  have  been  a  satisfaction 
to  him  during  the  whole  of  his  after  life.  Those  of  liis  jour- 
nals and  letter-books  that  reiiiain,  atlbrd  abundant  evidence  of 
his  interest,  not  only  in  the  intellectual  progress  of  his  scholars, 


*In  a  lottor,  written  nianj-  years  iif'trrwards,  he  says  that  he  "kept  the  Grammar 
School  at  Cape  Ann  Harbor  for  about  two  years." 


1751).] 


LTFE   or   nrv.   jacoh    hailey. 


\r) 


guost 


duties 
's,  that 
^faction 


i 


but  also  ill  tlu'ir  uiaunors  and  morals.  To  road  thorn,  one 
would  suppose  that  ho  was  oiii,'agod  in  a  l)usinoss  to  which  he 
had  dovotod  his  life,  and  the  lahors  in  which  wore  rewarded 
with  ahuiidance  of  honor  and  profit. 

jNInny  letters  to  his  leniale  scholars  are  preserved.  'J'he 
mere  fact  that  the  master  would  write  to  his  |)upils,  must  th<Mi 
have  l)een  considered  as  a  remarkable  condescension.  Those 
letters  are  not  mere  didactic  compositions,  excellent  in  them- 
selves, but  from  their  form  not  likely  to  be  interesting  to  youth, 
but  they  show  a  wonderful  degree  of  ingeimily,  in  their  add/)- 
ialion  to  those  to  whom  they  were  addressed.  Some  of  them 
contain  stories  of  considerable  length,  whose  object  is  to  show 
the  misery  in  which  wickedness  results,  and  es|)ecially  soiue 
forms  of  wickedness  j)eculiar  to  the  time,  and  but  lightly  re- 
garded. A  publication  of  these  writings  would  do  honor  to 
the  head  and  heart  of  their  author. 

The  schoolmaster  also  tried  to  rcGne  the  minds  of  his  female 
scholars,  by  lending  tiiem  such  books  as  he  thought  conducive 
to  that  end.  And  from  the  mention  he  makes  of  his  reading 
to  them  the  works  of  suitable  writers,  it  is  fair  to  infer  that  his 
conversation  with  them  was  frecpiently  of  a  higher  character 
than  that  which  at  that  time  often  marked  the  intercourse  of 
parties  in  similar  relations. 

It  is  not  intended  here  to  speak  in  detail  of  the  religious 
character  of  that  portion  of  the  last  century,  which  is  now 
under  notice.  But  it  is  confidently  believed  that  the  piety  of 
I\Ir.  Bailey  was  as  deep  and  gemiine  as  that  of  most  other 
church  members  and  ministers  of  the  time.  That  a  religious 
man,  and  more  than  all,  a  minister,  should  in  these,  our  days, 
play  cards,  engage  in  private  theatricals,  drink  wine  and  punch, 
and  occasionally  dance,  would  destroy  his  inlluence,  and  sub- 
ject him  to  discipline.  But  the  very  fact  that  these  things 
were  then  done  u'ilhout  any  conccalmenl,  and  with  no  apparent 
consciousness  of  their  impropriety,  shows,  in  the  absence  of 
all  other  proof,  that  public  opinion  on  these  matters,  was  dif- 
ferent then.  And  we  have  other  evidence  to  satisfy  us  that 
this  view  is  correct.  At  this  time  it  must  be  remembered  that 
Mr.  Bailey  preached  for   Orthodox   ministers  and  congrega- 


m'l'^    ' 


4G 


r  no  NT  I  i;r    miss  ion  a  hy 


OK, 


[17.)!). 


II     ! 


m 


1 


!?'  ;  '1^ 


lions,  iiiid  111)  cxccpfiou  was  liikeii  to  priictict's  wliicli  must 
have  been   known. 

The  I'lyinoutli  dcaron  "  wiis  under  sonio  fipprdiiMisions, 
lest  Mr.  Hailcy  should  be  a  North  Shore  nian,  an  apix'llation 
for  Arininians;"  hut  the  time  had  not  then  arrived  Cor  incpiir- 
iniif  the  minister's  views  on  Total  Abstinence;  beinit,'  satislied 
wiiether  \^^'.  knew  how  many  ejirds  there  were  in  a  j)aek,  or 
knowing'  whether  he  had  ever  worn  the  soek  or  bnskin.  Theso 
were  evidently  trivial  thin<^s  in  the  eyes  of  that  ^'eneration. 
That  the  latter  part  of  the  T^ord's  day  should  be  de.scerated  by 
the  noise;  and  sports  of  children  in  the  public,  street,  and  near 
Forefathers'  Rock,  "frightened  not  the  town  from  its  pro- 
priety." C'lmreh  members  iuul  ollieers  were  too  nuieh  intent 
on  metaphysicid  (piestions,  to  concern  themselves  much  with 
the  works  by  which,  as  the  Scriptiu'cs  assure  us,  a  true  faith 
may  be  discerned. 

Mr.  liailey  was  on(!  of  the  many  who  have  left  the  ministry 
of  the  ditU.'rent  denominations,  and  entered  that  of  the  I'ipis- 
copal  Church.  It  would  be  interesting  to  know  his  motives. 
Unfortunately,  however,  the  series  of  his  journals  and  li'tter- 
books  at  this  time  is  broken.  Could  these  missing  documents 
be  recovered,  uuu;h  liiihl  miijht  be  shed  on  this  change.  We 
learn,  from  those  that  remain,  that  it  was  not  till  nearly  three 
years  after  he  had  graduatetl,  that  he  ever  attended  the  services 
of  the  (y'hurch  of  I'Jigland,*  for  he  sjieaks  of  the  "novelty''  of 
what  he  witnessed  in  the  church  at  Portsmouth,  X.  II.,  and 
that  this  novelty  prevented  his  falling  asleep  from  the  com- 
bined eflects  of  the  heat,  fatigue,  and  want  of  rest.  His  con- 
versations with  Mr.  Warner  and  Dr.  Erackett,  of  that  i)lace, 
doubtless  had  some  ell'ect.  He  had  interviews  with  the 
Rev.  Arthur  Brown,  Rector  of  tiueei''s  Cn  ,  I.  l<'roin 
what  we  can  learn,  however,  the  i"  '  and  «'\i'rtions  of 

Capt.  or  Esq.  Gibbs,  of  Gloucest(  re  most  ell     icious  in 

determining  Mr.  Bailey  to  change  religiMis  reliuions.     In 

several  parts  of  his  journal  this   gentlein;  a   is  spoken   of  iu 


4 


*  The  corner  stone  of  Clirist  Church,  Cambridge,  Mass.,  was  not  laid  till  1700,  five 
years  after  Mr.  Bailey  graduated  at  Harvard  College. 


|:ii 


n 


;n.)!). 

1    must 

iisioiis, 
'llatioti 

in(|iiir- 
atislicd 
mcli,  or 

Tlu'sc 
(•ration, 
atod  by 
k1  nriir 
its  pri)- 
1  intent 
ell  with 
u'  I'ivitli 

ninlstry 
111  Epis- 
riiotivi'S. 
1  Irttcr- 
nincnts 
•.      We 
iy  threi! 
scrvioos 
Hy"  of 
I.,  and 
(>  coni- 
irf  con- 
plact", 
th    ihc 
l-'roin 
ion.s  of 
ions  ill 
lis.     In 
n   of  ill 


i 


1750.] 


i.iiK   or    11 KV.    J  A  con    ii.vii.r.Y. 


47 


terms  of   warm   approbation.       AFr.   "Bailey   records    liis    first 
meetini,'  witli  liim  in  tin-  followini;  words  : 

".l///'/7  •JO///,  17.')^.  This  evenini,'  had  an  interview  with 
]']s<\.  (lihhs,'  who  l)ehavi'd  towards  me  with  a  (Iei,'ree  of  coin- 
plaisance  1  had  alwav!^  Ix'i'U  nnaccnstomed  to,  ihon^di,  1  mnst 
aeknowled^'e,  1  have  had  my  share  even  of  extraorilinary  ca- 
resses from  several  persons,  who  have  been  in  exalted  stations. 
]  was  pleased  with  this  geiith-man's  aversion  to  rnstie.ity  and 
profaneness." 

iMr.  Hailey's  letter  to  llev.  Mr.  C'aiier,  then  Keetor  of  Kini,''s 
Chapel,  in  iioston,  has  been  <,'iveii  in  full,  and  also  extracts 
from  his  letter  to  Dr.  Silvester  ( iardiner,  at  that  time  senior 
warden  of  tin;  same  I'limcii.  ]J«)th  these  gentli'iiien  loaned 
books  to  the  subject  of  this  .Alemoir,  and  iuult)nbte(lly  luid 
conversations  with  him  on  the  subject  of  the  Church.  JJeyond 
what  has  been  mentioned,  the  materials  for  knowing  the  pro- 
gress antl  means  of  the  change  in  his  religious  opinions,  do 
iiot  now  exist.  Bwi  it  is  the  candid  Ijclief  6(  \\\v  writer,  that 
Mr.  IJaihy  was  (pialified  to  discharge  the  duties  of  a  minister 
to  any  Orthodox  congregation  over  which  he  might  be  called 
to  settle. 


*  The  wiitcr  af  this  Memoir  lias  been  able  to  obtain  but  scanty  information  rcspcct- 
inf;  till'  ccciitlcniim  spoken  of.  The  Ibllowinff  was  luilitely  coninaiuicated  bj'  John  J 
Hab>i"ii,  Ks(|.,  in  a  letter,  dated  (jli)Uecster,  May  lOth,  IS.jl  : 

"I  can  only,  at  the  present  momi-nt,  say  a  word  of  Mr.  (iibbs.  Of  him  all  my 
knowledge  may  be  expressed  in  a  very  few  words.  lie  first  a[)peiirs  in  Gloucester  on 
the  oeeasion  of  his  rnarriaf^e,  Noven.bor  .'JO,  17-7,  to  Mary,  dau|.;liter  of  Thomas  San- 
ders, ;i  shipwri,L;lit,  who  lived  an  obscure  life  here,  but  whose  descendants,  for  three  or 
four  iiencnitions,  emerged  int  J  considerable  notice.     *  *  »  ♦  » 

"  Mr.  (jibbs  was  a  merchant  in  good  standing,  taking  little  part,  I  suppose,  in  town 
ail'airs,  as  I  do  not  find  his  name  often  mentioned  in  connection  with  any  public  busi- 
ness. 

"  Xo  cluldiTn  are  recorded  to  him,  and,  I  think,  there  is  no  doubt  that  his  marriage 
Was  unproductive  of  issue. 

"  Mr.  (iibbs  is  one  of  the  few  whose  death  is  given  by  our  Town  Clerk,  in  office  at 
his  dicease  :  — '  Daniel  Gibbs,  Esq.,  died  March  21st,  17^12,  in  the  Gist  yoarof  his  age.' 
•Mrs.  Mary  Gibbs,  wife  of  Daniel  Gibbs,  Ksq.,  died  ,>anuary  17lh,  IJOi),  in  the  GOth 
year  of  her  age.'  " 


1  1761,  five 


.0 


li,.;!     ,i'i 


'm 


i  ' 


'  ■ '  i!-i 


!.    ki 


I  "l 


)!-.  :'^':i:i 


li-:^J'i 


i!|i 


48 


FRONTIEll    missionary;     OR, 


[1759. 


CHAPTER  IV. 

jMr.  Eailkv  left.  Gloucester,  for  Boston,  on  the  13lli  December, 
17oi).  As  he  walked  the  whole  distance,  he  was  obliged  to 
stop  one  night  on  the  road.  He  lodged  at  Norwood's  tavern, 
in  Lynn.  Speaking  of  the  company  which  he  found  there, 
he  says :  "  We  had  among  us  a  soldier  belonging  to  Capt. 
Hazen's  company  of  rangers,  who  declared  that  several  French- 
men were  barbarously  murdered  by  them,  after  quarters  were 
given,  and  the  villain  added,  I  suppose  to  show  his  import- 
ance, that  he  's|)lit  the  head  of  one  asunder,  aft(>r  he  fell  on 
his  knees  to  implore  mercy.'  A  specimen  of  New  England 
clemency! 

"  December  lAlh.  This  morning  we  t.rose  with  the  dawning 
light,  and  travelled  on  towards  Boston.  The  wind  blew  from 
the  N.  W.,  and  the  weather  was  excessive  cold.  I  presently 
found  myself  unable  to  proceed  on  my  journey,  which  Mr.  D. 
observing,  he  was  so  kind  as  to  let  me  ride  to  the  ferry,  while 
lie  travelled  on  foot. 

"  The  sun  had  been  risen  about  an  hour  when  we  arrived  at 
Winnisimmet,  but  it  was  almost  ten  before  we  made  Boston. 
*  *  *  I  then  proceeded  to  Dr.  (Silvester)  Gardiner's,  but, 
to  my  soirow,  found  him  very  sick,  and  in  such  a  situation 
that  he  could  not  be  spoken  with.  This  put  me  under  a  great 
disadvantage,  as  the  ship,  I  was  informed,  would  infallibly  sail 
within  .  few  days.  I  perceived,  however,  that  the  Dr.  took 
notice  of  my  atlairs  in  the  intervals  of  his  disorder.  His  son, 
Jeremy,  was  heartily  disposed  to  promote  my  interest,  and 
engaged  to  see  my  business  settled  to  my  content.  *  *  In 
the  afternoon  I  visited  (Rev.)  JMr.  Caner,  who  advised  me  to 
proceed  inunediately  to  Cambridge,  for  proper  testimonials 
from  the  President  and  Fellows  of  the  college,  especially  with 
regard  to  my  conduct  while  I  was  a  member  of  that  society. 


I  m 


^? 


[1759. 


1759.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


49 


■ccmber, 
liged  to 
,  tavern, 
d  there, 

0  Ca])t. 
French- 

L^rs  were 
import- 

1  fell  on 
England 

Jawning 
e\v  from 
presently 
Mr.  D. 

y,  while 

-rived  at 

Boston. 

'r's?,  but, 

situation 

a  great 

ibly  riail 

Dr.  took 

His  son, 

est,  and 

*     In 

d  me  to 

imonials 

dly  with 

oeicty. 


1 


"  Drcnuber  15lh.  About  ten  o'clock  I  arrived  at  college, 
and  entered  those  walls,  where  I  had  formerly  resided  with  so 
much  satisfaction.  *  *  I  waited  upon  the  President.*  He 
kindly  invited  me  into  a  parlor,  and  behaved  towards  me  in  a 
gcMiteel  and  obliging  manner,  not  only  jjefore,  but  after  1  had 
manifested  my  request.  When  I  desired  some  testimonials  of 
my  moral  conduct  at  college,  he  answered  with  mildness,  and 
told  me  that  a  di|)loma  would  be  the  most  advantageous  thing 
I  could  possibly  carry  from  that  society,  and  added,  that  it 
should  cost  me  nothing  for  the  seal.  I  thanked  him,  and  re- 
turned to  college,  after  which  a  freshman  waited  upon  me 
with  a  copy  of  a  diploma.  *  *  #  About  three  o'clock  I 
waited  again  ui)on  the  President,  who  behaved  towards  me 
not  only  with  incivility,  but  a  kind  of  barbarous  roughness. 
Notwithstanding  the  weather  was  extrenn;  cold,  he  caused  me 
to  tarry  in  an  outer  kitchen  for  near  half  an  hour,  without  any 
lire  to  mitigate  the  prevailing  severity,  and  finally  refused  to 
give  me  any  testimonials,  although  it  was  well  known  that  I 
was  never  punished  for  the  breach  of  any  college  laws.  He, 
however,  signed  my  diploma,  and  sent  me  to  the  gentlemen  of 
the  corporation  for  the  like  favor. 

"  About  six  o'clock  I  waited  uj)on  Mr.  Caner,  and  was  con- 
strained to  give  him  the  disagreeable  news  of  my  unsuccessful 
journey  to  Cambridge.  Upon  which  he  declared,  with  some 
emotion,  that  all  my  affairs  were  entirely  confounded,  and  that 
it  would  be  next  to  imj)ossible  for  me  to  act  with  success. 
Tills  afforded  me  a  great  deal  of  uneasiness,  till  he  informed 
me  that  he  had  drawn  my  recommendatory  letters  to  the  so- 
ciety and  his  lordship,  the  Bishop  of  London ;  and  now,  says 
he,  if  you  can  prevail  upon  the  ministers  of  this  town  to  sign 
these  letters,  you  may  possibly  succeed,  Imt  if  they  refuse, 
nothing  further  can  be  done. 

"  These  discouragements  whetted  my  industry,  and  made 
me  careful  to  lose  no  time.  I  proceeded  directly  to  Dr.  Cut- 
ler, who  readily  put  his  name  to  the  papers,  as  did  likewise 
^Ir.  Troutbeck,  to  my  great  satisfaction. 

*  Ilev.  Edward  llolyokc,  A.  M. 


ii'li 


li 


li  i    -^'l 


■I 


I  ■,. 


50 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1760. 


"  December  16///.  This  day  being  Sunday,  went  to  Christ 
Church.  Dined  with  Dr.  Cutler.  *  *  In  the  evening, 
waited  upon  Mr.  Caner,  where  I  found  Mr.  Apthorp,  wiio  did 
mo  the  favor  of  signing  my  letters.  I  was  very  much  pleased 
with  his  conversation,  and  that  modesty  he  discovered  in  pro- 
posing his  sentiments. 

"  December  11th.  Called,  in  the  evening,  upon  Parson 
Hooper,*  who  behaved  towards  me  with  a  great  deal  of  com- 
plaisance. After  looking  over  my  testimonials,  he  declared 
them  snllicient,  but,  nevertheless,  refused  to  set  his  name  to 
my  recommendatory  letters,  objecting,  that  Mr.  Caner  had 
drawn  them  up  without  sufficient  caution. 

****** 

"  December  2\.st.  This  day,  attended  prayers,  and  dined 
with  Mr.  Caner.  This  gentleman  has,  upon  every  occasion, 
shown  me  an  infinite  deal  of  kindness.  May  Heaven  prosper 
all  my  benefactors!         *  «•         *  *  # 

"  December  2iSlh.  This  morning,  waited  upon  Mr.  Paxon, 
who  engaged  to  use  his  interest  with  the  commander  of  the 
Hind  in  my  behalf,  for  a  passage  to  England. 


^^Januarij  GtJi,  1760.  This  morning,  early,  received  orders 
from  Capt.  Bond,  to  wait  upon  him  the  next  day  at  his  lodg- 
ings. After  church,  went  into  Mr.  Caner's,  and  tarried  till 
dinner,  but  having  received  an  invitation  from  Mr.  Paxon,  I 
waited  upon  him,  was  politely  received,  introduced  into  a  fine 
parlor  among  several  agreeable  gentlemen.  I  found  here  the 
famous  Kit  Minot,  Mr.  McKensie,  and  one  Mr.  Stuart,  a  pretty 
young  gentleman.  I  observed  that  our  company,  though 
chielly  upon  the  gay  order,  distinguished  the  day  by  a  kind 
of  reverent  decorum.  Our  conversation  was  modest  and  per- 
fectly innocent,  and  I  scarce  remember  my  ever  being  in  any 
company  where  I  could  behave  with  greater  freedom.  After 
attending  divine  service  at  Trinity  Church,  and  hearing  a 
sermon  by  Rev.  Mr.  Hooper,  I  waited  upon  Mr.  Caner,  and 
received  from  his  own  hands  into  my  custody,  those  letters  of 

*  Rev.  William  Hooper,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston. 


I :  I'll 


^M 


1760.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


51 


rocoramondation  which  he  had  prepared  to  his  grace  the  Arch- 
bishop of  Canterbury,  his  lordship  the  Bishop  of  Ijondon,  and 
the  Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts. 


ixon, 


nd  per- 

in  any 

After 


'■' January  \Qth.  *  *  Towards  evening  the  boat  appeared. 
In  tlie  boat's  crew  I  discovered  a  young  man,  whose  appear- 
ance and  behavior  pleased  me  more  than  all  I  had  seen.  I 
immediately  applied  to  him  for  advice,  and  he  courteously 
answered,  that  it  was  my  best  way  to  go  directly  on  board. 
Aceordinglv,  the  boat  was  loosed  in  a  few  minutes,  and  I 
found  myself  lioating  u})on  the  water.  In  our  way  to  the 
ship  we  met  Capt.  Bond  in  a  small  schooner,  returning  towards 
the  shore.  He  desired  m(!,  with  all  the  insolence  of  power,  to 
step  into  the  schooner,  while  he  entered  the  boat  and  proceeded 
to  land.  The  wind  blowing  strong,  it  was  some  time  before 
we  could  get  on  board  the  ship.  At  length,  with  dillleulty,  I 
clambered  up  the  sides,  and  found  myself  in  the  midst  of  a 
most  horrid  confusion.  The  deck  was  crowded  full  of  men, 
and  the  boatswain's  shrill  wliistle,  with  th(>  swearing  and  hal- 
looing of  the  petty  oilicers,  almost  stunned  my  ears.  I  could 
fmd  no  retreat  from  this  dismal  hubbub,  but  was  obliged  to 
continue  jostling  among  the  crowd  above  an  hour,  before  I 
could  fmd  anybody  at  leisure  to  direct  me.  At  last,  Mr.  Let- 
terman,  the  captain's  steward,  an  honest  Prussian,  perceiving 
my  disorder,  introduced  me  through  the  steerage  to  the  lieu- 
tenant. I  found  him  sitting  in  the  great  cabin.  He  aj)peared 
to  be  a  youn.f  man,  scarce  twenty  years  of  age,  and  had  in  his 
countenance  '^ome  indications  of  mildness.  Upon  my  en- 
trance, he  assumed  a  most  important  look,  and  with  a  big 
voice  demanded  to  know  my  recpiest.  I  informed  him  that  I 
\vas  a  passenger  on  board  the  Hind,  by  the  permission  of  Capt. 
Bond,  and  desired  that  he  would  be  civil  enough  to  direct  me 
to  the  place  of  my  destination.  He  replied,  in  this  laconic 
style:  'Sir,  I  will  take  care  to  speak  to  one  of  my  mates.' 
This  was  all  the  notice,  at  present,  from  these  great  nothings. 
But,  happily,  on  my  return  from  the  cabin,  I  found  my  chest 
and  bedding  carefully  stowed  away  in  the  steerage.     In  the 


1 1 


mm. 


TT 


T 


52 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1760. 


1 


mean  time,  the  ship  was  unmoored,  and  we  fell  gently  down 
to  Nantasket. 

"  The  cold  was  extreme  at  this  season,  the  wind  blowing  hard 
from  the  north-west,  and  what  added  vastly  to  my  allliction, 
was  the  disagreeable  conversation  around  me.  I  spent  an 
hour  in  walking  under  the  half-deck,  during  which  time  I  ob- 
served a  young  gentleman  at  a  distance,  walking,  with  a  pen- 
sive air  in  his  countenance.  Coming  near  him,  he  advanced 
forward,  and  in  a  courteous  manner  invited  me  down  between 
decks,  to  a  place  he  called  his  berth.  I  thanked  him  for  his 
kindness,  and  readily  followed  him  down  a  ladder  into  a  dark 
and  dismal  region,  where  the  fumes  of  pitch,  bilge  water,  and 
other  kinds  of  nastiness  almost  suffocated  me  in  a  minute. 
We  had  not  proceeded  far  before  we  entered  a  small  apart- 
ment, hung  round  with  damp  and  greasy  canvas,  which  made, 
on  every  hand,  a  most  gloomy  and  frightful  appearance,  but  a 
little  superior,  in  my  imagination,  to  the  infernal  abodes,  where 
darkness  and  horror  remain  unmolested.  In  the  middle  stood 
a  table  of  pine,  varnished  over  with  nasty  slime,  furnished 
with  a  bottle  of  rum  and  an  old  tin  mug,  with  an  huiidred 
and  fifty  bruises  and  several  holes,  through  which  the  licpior 
poured  in  as  many  streams.  This  was  quickly  filled  with 
toddy,  and  as  speedily  emptied  by  two  or  three  companions, 
who  presently  joined  us  in  this  doleful  retreat.  Not  all  the 
scenes  of  horror  about  us  could  afford  me  much  dismay,  till  I 
received  the  news  that  this  detestable  apartment  was  allotted 
by  the  captain  to  be  the  place  of  my  habitation  during  the 
voyage!  I  endeavored  to  soothe  the  melancholy  ideas  that 
began  to  intrude  upon  my  mind,  by  considering  that  I  should, 
through  the  permission  of  a  favorable  l-iovidence,  shortly  be 
in  brighter  regions. 

"  Our  company  continually  increased,  when  the  most  shock- 
ing oaths  and  curses  resounded  from  every  corner,  some  load- 
ing their  neighbors  with  bitter  execrations,  while  others  uttered 
imprecations  too  awful  to  be  recorded.  The  persons  present 
were;  first,  the  captain's  clerk,  the  young  fellow  who  gave  me 
the  invitation.      He  was  born  in  Northampton,  about  sixty 


4 


T 


hard 


1760.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     HAILEY. 


53 


miles  from  London,  and  was  educated  to  the  stationery  em- 
ployment. I  found  him  a  per!?on  of  considerable  reading  and 
observation,  who  had  lied  his  native  country  on  account  of  a 
young  lady  to  whom  he  was  engaged;  but  his  parents,  for  cer- 
tain reasons,  apj)eared  so  violently  against  the  match,  that  he 
was  prevented  from  marrying.  lie  would  sometimes  get 
drunk,  and  at  other  times  behave  in  a  most  unaccounta!)lc 
maiuier.  Second:  Another  was  one  John  Tu/z,  a  midship- 
man, and  one  of  my  messmates ;  he  j)roved  a  good-natured, 
honest  fellow,  was  apt  to  blunder  in  his  conversation,  but  too 
freciuently  gave  it  a  dash  of  extravagant  profaneness.  Third  : 
Another  of  my  messmates,  named  Butler,  was  a  minister's 
son,  who  lived  near  Worcester,  in  England.  His  mother  was 
a  IJailey,  and  himself  a  descendant  from  Butler,  the  author  of 
Hudibras.  He  aj)peared  to  be  a  man  of  fine  sense,  considera- 
ble breeding,  a  stiti"  Jacobite  ;  his  language,  upon  all  occasions, 
was  extremely  profane  and  Immodest,  yet  nobody  seemed  a 
greater  admirer  of  delicacy  in  women  than  himself.  INIy  fourth 
companion  was  one  Spears,  one  of  the  mates,  a  most  obliging, 
ingenious  young  gentleman;  he  informed  me  that  the  captain 
had  recommended  me  to  hii'n,  and  that  he  should  endeavor  to 
make  the  passage  as  agreeable  as  possible,  and  accordingly  he 
treated  me,  upon  every  occasion,  with  uncommon  civility  and 
kindness,  and  was  as  tender  of  me  in  my  cruel  sickness,  as  if 
he  had  been  a  brother,  and  what  I  most  valued  him  for,  was 
his  aversion  to  swearing  and  obscenity.  Fifth  :  One  of  our 
company,  this  evening,  was  the  carj)enter  of  the  ship.  He 
looked  like  a  country  farmer,  drank  excessively,  swore  roundly, 
and  talked  extravagantly.  Sixth:  Another  was  one  Shephard, 
an  Irish  midshipman,  +he  greatest  champion  of  profaneness 
that  ever  fell  under  my  notice.  The  sacred  name,  at  every 
word,  was  uttered  with  the  strongest  cm[)hasis,  and  1  scarce 
ever  knew  him  to  o|)en  his  mouth  without  roaring  out  a  tu- 
multuous volley  of  stormy  oaths  and  imprecations.  After  we 
had  passed  away  an  hour  or  two  together,  Mr.  Lisle,  the  lieu- 
tenant of  mariiu's,  joined  our  company.  He  appeared  about 
fifty  years  old,  of  a  gigantic  stature,  and  quickly  distinguished 


I 


I 


i:1 


ppw 


glM^ 


i.::i: 


r.ii  'fi 


•III 


54 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1760. 


liimself  by  the  quantities  of  liquor  he  poured  down  liis  throat. 
He  also  was  very  profane. 

"  About  nine  o'cloek  the  company  began  to  think  of  supper, 
when  a  i)oy  was  called  into  the  room.  Nothing  in  human 
shape  did  I  ever  see  before  so  loathsome  and  nasty.  He  had 
on  his  body  a  fragment  only  of  a  check  shirt,  his  bosom  was 
all  naked  and  greasy,  over  his  shoulders  hung  a  bundle  of 
wooUen  rags,  which  reached  in  strings  almost  down  to  his  feet, 
and  the  whole  composition  was  curiously  adorned  with  little 
shining  animals.  The  boy  no  sooner  luade  his  appearance, 
than  oiU!  of  our  society  accosted  him  in  this  gentle  language: 
'(Jo,  you  »  »  rascal,  and  see  whether  lobseouse  is  ready.' 
Upon  this  the  fellow  began  to  mutter  and  scratch  his  head, 
but  after  two  or  three  iiearty  curs(>s,  went  for  the  galley,  and 
presently  returned  with  an  elegant  dish,  which  he  placed  on 
the  tal)le.  It  was  a  composition  of  beef  and  onions,  bread 
and  jiotatoes,  minced  and  stewed  together,  then  served  up 
with  its  brotli,  in  a  wooden  tub,  the  half  of  a  quarter  cask. 
The  tal)le  was  furnished  with  two  pewter  plates,  the  half  of 
one  was  melted  away,  and  the  other,  full  of  holes,  was  more 
weather-beaten  than  the  sides  of  the  ship;  one  knife  with  a 
bone  handle,  one  fork  with  a  broken  tine,  half  a  metal  spoon, 
and  another,  taken  at  Quebec,  with  part  of  the  bowl  cut  oft". 
"When  supper  was  ended,  the  company  continued  their  exercise 
of  drinking,  swearing  and  carousing,  till  half  an  hour  after 
two,  when  some  of  these  obliging  gentlemen  made  a  motion 
for  my  taking  some  repose.  Accordingly,  a  row  of  greasy 
canvas  bags,  hanging  overhead  by  the  beams,  were  unlashed. 
Into  one  of  them  it  was  proposed  I  should  get,  in  order  to 
sleep,  but  it  was  with  the  utmost  difficulty  I  prevented  myself 
from  falling  over  on  the  other  side.  Here  I  endeavored  to 
compose  myself,  but  had  no  rest  this  night,  except  a  few  un- 
easy snatches. 

'•'■  Jannary  Wth.  In  the  morning  I  awoke  with  ten  thousand 
dismal  apprehensions  ringing  in  my  ears,  which  gave  me  a  very 
melancholy  idea  of  my  present  situation,  but  being  sensible 
that  I  must,  for  some  time,  endure  it,  I  arose  and  put  on  as 


i 


1760.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JA(OB     BAILKY. 


55 


much  cheerfulness  as  possible.  Wo  cxjiected  to  sail  every 
minute,  till  evening,  when,  the  wind  becoming  unfair,  we  were 
obliged  to  continue  still  at  anchor. 

"  January  12th.  This  day  began  to  reconcile  myself,  in  some 
measure,  to  my  new  method  of  living.  Nothing  renuirkable 
happened,  except  that  the  captain  and  ollieers  endi'avored  to 
conceal  a  negro  servant,  belonging  to  Capt.  Ellis,  of  Etnerly, 
but  jNIr.  Ellis,  understanding  his  business,  recovered  his  servant 
by  authority. 

"  Towards  evening,  several  passengers  came  on  board,  viz.: 
Mr.  Karons,  late  Collector,  Major  (Jrant,  Mr.  Baron's  footman> 
and  Mrs.  Cruthers,  the  pursers  wif<',  a  native  of  New  England. 
After  some  t-onsiderable  dispute,  I  had  my  lodgings  lixcd  in 
Mr.  Pearson's  berth,  where  Master  Robant,  Mr.  Baron's  man, 
and  I,  agreed  to  lie  together  in  one  large  hammock. 

"As  the  Sabbath  approached,  I  critically  observed  the  beha- 
vior of  our  people,  but  found  not  the  least  respect  paid  to  the 
ap))roaching  season  by  one  person  on  board. 

^'■January  13///,  (Sunday.)  This  day  spent  in  a  very  dis- 
agreeable and  scandalous  manner,  without  any  kind  of  divine 
worship.  Our  people,  instead  of  keeping  the  Sabbath  day 
iioly,  passed  it  away  either  in  diversions  or  quarrels.  «  >  « 
This  evening  the  barge  returned  from  a  cruise  to  one  of 
the  neighboring  islands,  when  Mr.  Glover,  the  lieutenant,  and 
Mr.  Pearson,  gave  an  account  of  the  following  adveiUure. 
They  came  to  a  house  where  lived  a  man,  who,  in  our  country 
dialect,  is  called  a  substantial  farmer ;  he  had  several  pretty 
young  daughters,  whom  he  had  taken  great  |)ains  to  educate. 
They  could  not  only  read  and  write,  but  understood  letters  to 
a  considerable  degree  of  j^erfection.  Every  lady  admired  their 
innocence,  modesty,  and  decent  behavior,  but  tlu;  neighboring 
youths,  in  general,  imagined  themselves  too  inferior  to  oiler 
tlioir  addresses  to  these  excellent  virgins.  Mr.  (Jlover  and 
Mr.  Pearson,  however,  had  the  hapj)iness,  by  means  of  laced 
clothes,  and  loud,  rattling  oaths  and  imprecations,  to  get  intro- 
duced to  their  company.  They  followed  their  suit  with  all 
expedition,  and,  in  less  than  two  days,  seduced  and  ruined  a 
couple  of  fine  creatures,  the  one  about  sixteen,  the  other  about 


i    ■ 


m 
m 


4 


('. 


wwm 


m 

I'm 


rill'  i 


50 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[UfiO. 


cii^httHMi  years  old.  That  this  was  really  true,  the  following 
accident  discovered.  As  Mr.  Pearson  was  taking  something 
out  of  his  pocket-book,  he  drop|)ed  a  paper  that  I  took  up  and 
read,  which  was  as  follows  :  — 

"'Di'.AU  Sir: — 'Tis  with  tin;  utmost  regret  I  am  forced  to 
part  with  you,  and  shall  have  many  a  sorrowful  hour  till  you 
return. 

'"  I  cannot  think  you  will  ever  be  so  cruel  as  to  forget  one 
who  has  sacrificed  my  innocence,  and,  I  fear,  my  happiness,  to 
your  ])leasure. 

"'  Pray  let  me  hear  from  you  bc'fore  you  sail. 

" '  I  am,  sir,  yours  forever, 

"'Sam.v.'" 

Five  days  passed,  after  the  events  recorded  in  the  last  ex- 
tract, and  found  the  licet  still  at  anchor  in  Nantasket  Roads. 

^^  Jan/I n?\ij  Idth.  This  morning,  almost  before  daylight  ap- 
peared, I  awoke  with  the  clangor  of  trumpets  and  the  noise 
of  whistles,  and  the  bustling  of  all  hands  u))on  deck,  by  which 
I  perceived  that  the  ship  was,  at  last,  unmooring,  and  that  we 
were  preparing  to  sail.  This  instantly  drove  me  from  my 
repose,  upon  the  (juarter-deck,  where  I  found  a  most  serene 
and  pleasant  morning.  In  less  than  an  hour,  the  whole  fleet 
was  under  sail,  and  enjoyed  a  gentle  breeze  till  we  had  sailed 
some  leagues  to  the  eastward  of  the  lighthouse.  Our  ileet 
consisted  of  seven  sail,  viz. :  the  Hind,  a  twenty-gun  ship,  the 
Maria,  the  Ruby,  the  Molly,  the  Genoa  Packet,  the  Galley, 
and  the  St.  Paul.  I  stood  with  a  melancholy  feeling,  to  see 
the  New  England  shores  grow  further  and  further  distant,  till 
the  tops  of  the  mountains,  and,  at  last,  the  whole  country, 
entirely  disappeared.  The  wind  quickly  died  away,  and  it 
was  perfectly  calm  for  an  hour  or  two,  which  gave  us  some 
fearful  apprehensions,  but  towards  evening  it  sprang  up  a  little 
to  the  eastward  of  south.  It  blew  fresh,  and  we  were  obliged 
to  keep  the  ship  close  hauled  to  the  wind,  which  caused  a 
great  motion,  and  I  presently  was  obliged  to  rej)air  to  my 
hammock,  extremely  sick,  and  so  continued  all  night." 


) 


1760.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     UAILEY. 


57 


The  daily  occurrences  of  the  voyage  are  related  with  nion; 
or  less  niiiiuteiiess.  INIr.  Bailey  mentions  several  acts  of  kind- 
ness and  attention  to  him  on  the  part  of  the  petty  ollieers  of 
the  ship,  but  which  were,  nevertheless,  accompanied  with 
much  that  was  unpleasant  and  repulsive.  Thus,  they  with 
whom  he  dined,  l)y  invitation,  one  day,  "tried  to  tempt  hijn 
into  some  fashionable  excesses,  and  as  the  aciiuaintance  in- 
creased, were  perpetually  criticising  his  conversation."  On 
one  occasion  he  dined  with  the  doctor  of  the  ship,  who  did 
not  hesitate  to  express  Deist ical,  and  even  Atheistical,  opinions. 

He  states,  in  his  journal,  after  he  had  been  at  sea  a  few 
days,  that  "at  this  season  I  was  much  emaciated  with  sick- 
ness, and  oftentiuies  not  less  disconcerted  at  the  abominable 
profaneness  that  everywhere  prevailed,  more  especially  Jn  the 
apartment  to  which  I  had  the  misfortune  to  be  conlined."' 

The  following  is  gladly  inserted,  as  it  makes  the  captain  of 
the  ship  appear  in  a  more  amiable  light  than  previously:  "  I 
cannot  help  taking  notice  of  the  kindness  of  our  captain  to 
me,  which,  though  conferred  with  a  good  deal  of  insolence, 
yet  was  exceedingly  comfortable  to  me  in  my  reduced  condi- 
tion, since  he  ordered  his  servant  to  send  me  something  every 
day  from  his  table." 

After  a  terrific  storm,*  which  nearly  proved  the  destruction 
of  the  ship  and  all  on  board  of  her,  their  ears  were  saluted,  ou 
the  morning  of  Feb.  IGth,  with  the  joyful  cry  of  land!  "  Such 
was  my  satisfaction,"  says  our  voyager,  "at  the  sight  of  the 
British  shores,  which  I  had  so  long  sighed  for  in  my  native 
country,  that  I  could  not  forbear  shedding  tears  upon  the  occa- 
sion. *  »  Exactly  at  twelve  o'clock  we  came  to  anchor 
between  St.  Helens  and  Spit  head,  it  being  completely,  to  an 
hour,  twenty-eight  days,  from  the  time  we  weighed  anchor  at 
Nantasket.  The  next  day,  (Sunday,)  about  eleven  o'clock,  the 
barge  was  hoisted  out,  and  the  captain,  with  Mr.  Barons  and 


■  \  r 


i  ir 


*  Mr.  Bailey  subsequently  speaks,  in  his  journiU,  of  tlie  accounts  whicli  the  news- 
papers contained,  of  the  disasters  occasioned  by  this  storm.  The  Kind  was  sij,'nul- 
Lzed  by  the  llainilies,  a  ninety-gun  ship,  on  the  iHh  inst.  That  very  ni^ht,  this  ship 
was  shipwrecked,  and  of  a  crew  of  seveu  hundred  and  thirty-four  persons,  only  twenty- 
tivc  escaped  witli  tlteir  lives. 

8 


ww\  \r" 


18 


FRONTIER      :sn  S  S  I O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1760. 


\f)'     I  (■ 


li 


his  jittrndants,  M'crc  preparing  to  land  at  Portsmouth,  wlicn 
I  rtHjucsted  h-avo  of  our  haughty  cotninandrr  to  visit  the  shore, 
but  ho  returned  me  answer,  witli  all  the  insolence  of  tyraiuiy, 
that  '  I  must  wait  for  the  return  of  the  boat.'  This  disap- 
])ointmeiit  raised  my  sj)irits  to  a  prodigious  degree,  but  I  was 
constrained  to  vent  my  (lisa|)))ointmeiit  in  silence.  I  took, 
however,  a  social  dinner  with  the  doctor,  the  purser,  and  his* 
agr(M'al)le  consort,  after  which,  Mr.  iMajor,  a  young  gentleman 
who  had  conveyed  his  chest  on  l)oard  the  Hind,  but  was  ilisap- 
poiuted  of  a  passage,  joined  our  company.  Towards  evening 
hi'  was  dis|)osed  to  return  towards  Portsmouth,  and  having  a 
large  boat  alongside,  I  requested  tlic  favor  of  accompanying 
him  to  the  shore,  which  he  readily  granted.  Having  taken  my 
leave  of  all  friends  in  the  ship,  I  left  it  with  the  greatest  satis- 
faction, but  not  without  a  strong  inclination  of  seeing  again 
those  who  had  been  comi)anions  in  so  many  dangers.  In  our 
way  to  the  harbor,  we  passed  by  a  vast  number  of  ships,  either 
lying  at  anchor,  or  getting  under  sail.  In  less  than  half  an 
hour  we  landed  on  the  strand,  in  Portsmouth,  which  was 
covered  with  a  great  multitude  of  people,  chieily  boys  and 
servants,  at  their  several  diversions.  This  opened  to  me  a 
new  scene,  and  quickly  made  mo  sensible  that  I  was  in  a 
country  difl'erent  from  New  England.  The  gentleman  who 
camo  on  shore  with  mo  was  a  stranger  to  the  city  as  well  as 
myself,  which  occasioned  mi;  a  great  deal  of  uneasy  confusion, 
since  I  was  not  acquainted  with  a".y  livn^g  person.  While  I 
stood  staring  around  me  in  the  wildest  disorder,  a  young  lad 
came  down  to  the  water,  and  ofl'ered  to  carry  my  chest  to  any 
place  I  should  direct.  I,  in  a  moment,  recollected  that  it 
might  be  proper  to  have  it  reposited  in  some  wagon-house,  till 
it  could  bo  conveyed  up  to  London.  Accordingly,  he  put  it 
down  at  the  Blue  Anchor,  whore  I  was  informed  that  it  would 
be  put  into  the  wagon  the  next  morning." 

One  of  the  otlicers  of  the  Hind  had  given  INIr.  Bailey  a  let- 
ter of  introduction  to  a  lady  who  kept  a  boarding-house  in 
Portsmouth,  and  immediately  on  his  arrival  there,  he  set  out 
in  search  of  her  dwelling.  He  rambled  through  the  streets, 
iiKluiring  of  many  persons  where  the  person  lived  to  whom  his 


I   1 


I 


A 


!^  i.!i 


1^ 


1700.] 


LIFE     or     UKV.     JACon     llAILKY. 


59 


letter  ^vas  addressed.  For  a  loiinf  time  he  could  gain  no  iiifor- 
iiiatioii,  till,  at  last,  "an  lionest-looliiiig  tar"  oli'ered  to  conduct 
him  to  the  place  of  his  destination.  "  I  made  no  scruple," 
says  Mr.  Bailey,  "to  commit  myself  to  his  direction,  especially 
^vhen  he  told  me  that  he  belonged  to  the  I*)iana,  the  ship  in 
which  Mr.  Grcaton*  took  his  passage  for  England."  'I'ln;  let- 
ter of  introduction  procured  him  a  welcome,  and,  at  last,  ho 
found  himself  in  comfortable  (juarters,  waiting  for  the  first 
public  conveyance  to  London. 

The  reader  can  hardly  have  failed  to  remark  the  diliicullies 
which  Mr.  Bailey  encountered,  and  the  trials  to  which  he  was 
subjected  in  his  eflorts  to  obtain  orders  in  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land. We  cannot  easily  account  for  the  coldness  with  which 
he  was  treated  by  the  President  of  Harvard  College,  or  the 
refusal  of  that  olFicer  to  certify  the  acknowledged  fact,  that  his 
character  was  unexceptionable  while  he  was  a  member  of  that 
institution.  This  refusal  caused  Mr.  Bailey  much  anxiety  and 
trouble,  and  nearly  prevented  his  obtaining  the  testimonials 
re(iuired  by  the  ecclesiastical  authority  in  England. 

Although  the  subject  of  this  Memoir  found  friends  who  had 
suilicient  inlluence  to  secure  him  a  passage  in  an  armed  ship, 
yet,  it  would  seem,  he  could  not  obtain  decent  accommoda- 
tions on  board,  and  that  he  was  even  obliged  to  share  his 
hammock  with  the  man  servant  of  one  of  the  passengers. 
The  captaiti  treated  him  with  a  superciliousness  little  to  be 
expected  from  one  of  a  profession  with  which  civility  and 
politeness  are  uniformly  associated.  The  petty  ollicers  of  the 
ship,  including  the  surgeon,  apj)ear  to  have  been  almost  brutes 
in  human  shape,  who  bore  the  royal  commission.  Their  pas- 
senger was  an  educated  man,  a  licensed  clergyman  of  the 
Congregational  denomination,  and  the  object  of  his  voyage  to 
England  was  to  obtain  orders  in  the  Established  Church. 
Yet  their  profaneness  appears  to  have  been  unrestrained  in 
his  presence ;  they  sought  to  tempt  him  into  some  fashionable 
excess;  they  made  severe  reflections  on  his  native  country; 


^   1 

M 


C: 


*  Afterwards  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Boston,  Mass. 


60 


rRONTiEii   missionary;    or, 


[1700. 


nnd,  cvpn  when  lie  was  n  ^ncst  at  their  table,  tliey  critieised 
his  pronunciation  and  manner  of  speaking. 

We  kr)o\v  not  if  Air.  liailey's  experience  in  obtaining  testi- 
monials, and  on  lii.s  voyage  to  Engliind,  was  u  fiiir  specimen 
of  that  of  other  candidates,  in  general,  for  holy  orders.  If  it 
were  so.  we  cannot  bnt  admire  the  |ierseveran(;e,  and  respect 
the  strong  principle  wliieh  inlhienced  these  yoimg  xnvn,  not 
only  to  sa(;ri(ice  the  time  and  money  necessary  to  th(!  voyage, 
and  to  incur  the  dangers  of  the  sc^a,  bnt  which  could  support 
them  under  the  trial  of  being  associated,  ft)r  an  indelinite 
time,  with  unmannerly,  drnnluMi,  profane  and  li(!enlious  com- 
j)anions.  We  are  sure,  that  a  person  of  a  similar  standing 
with  Mr.  Bailey,  who  should  no7v  inkv  j)assage  in  an  armed 
ship,  would  not  sutler  as  he  was  compelled  to  do.  The  naval 
servicer  has  gentlemen  for  its  ollicers,  and  among  them  arc 
bright  ornaments  of  the  religion  which  they  profess. 

On  the  second  day  after  Mr.  Bailey's  arrival  in  Portsmouth, 
he  commenced  his  joun)ey  to  London.  The  public  convey- 
ance in  which  he  took  passage,  is  thus  described  by  him : 
"  These  stage  machines  are  built  in  the  form  of  a  common 
coach,  but  somewhat  larger ;  they  are  drawn  by  six  horses,  are 
capable  of  carrying  six  persons,  with  their  bundles,  which 
must  never  exceed  fourteen  pounds  to  a  single  passenger. 
Besides  the  proper  body  of  the  coach,  there  is  a  large  apart- 
ment erected  behind,  which  frecjuently  contains  seven  or  eight 
people.  But  it  is  very  uncomfortablt!  riding  there  in  stormy 
weather,  it  being  wholly  uncovered,  and  exposed  to  the  open 
air.-'  Of  the  passengers  that  occupied  the  coach  with  him  on 
this  journey,  he  says  :  "  A  greater  variety  of  characters  and 
employments  in  life,  perhaps  were  never  before  assembled 
together  in  so  narrow  an  apartment." 

In  the  evening  of  the  same  day,  Mr.  Bailey  reached  the  city 
of  London,  and  lodged  at  "  the  great  Spread  Eagle  Inn,  Grace 
Church  Street."  The  next  morning  he  called  upon  "  Mr.  But- 
ler, a  noted  bookseller,  near  King  Street,  Cheapside,"  and  de- 
livered to  him  a  letter  of  introduction.  Through  his  assistance 
he  engaged  lodgings  with  a  family,  where  other  American  cler- 
gymen and  candidates  for  orders  had  resided.     The  same  day 


- 


nfio.] 


LIFi:     OF     HKV.     JACOn     BAILEY. 


fil 


he  foiiiul  Mr.  Orpaton,  who  Imd  visited  England  to  ol)tain 
ordination. 

On  the  27th  February,  the  siil)j«'ct  of  our  Memoir  waited 
upon  Rev.  Dr.  l^earcroft,  the  Secretary  of  the  Society  for  Pro- 
motinp;  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,  and  delivered  to  hirn 
some  letters,  "together  with  a  will,  wherein  a  New  Fingland 
lady  had  left  a  legacy  of  i:  1,000  sterling  to  the  Bociety."  The 
sanu?  day  he  called  on  Rev.  Dr.  Nichols,  and  presented  him 
with  letters  for  his  lordship  the  Bishop  of  London. 

"  Fi'hniar//  tlSl/i.  This  morning  Mr.  (ireaton  and  I  waited 
upon  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,*  at  his  palace;  at  Lam- 
beth. We  had  the  good  fortune  to  find  him  at  home.  After 
being  conducted,  with  a  vast  deal  of  ceremony,  through  ex- 
tended walks,  grand  halls,  and  spacious  chambers,  we  were,  at 
length,  presented  to  his  grace,  who  immediately  rose  from  his 
seat  and  gave  us  his  blessing,  before  we  had  an  opportunity  to 
loieel.  He  then  desired  us  to  sit,  and  conversed  with  us  in  the 
most  easy  and  polite  matmer.  He  inquired  of  me  concerning 
the  war  in  America,  and  asked  me  'what  the  sentiments  of 
people  were,  in  general,  concerning  Col.  Amherst?'  I  an- 
swered him  with  caution  and  coolness,  more  than  was  neces- 
sary. After  he  had  conversed  freely  for  more  than  half  an 
hour,  taking  pen  and  paper,  he  wrote  to  Dr.  Nichols,  that  upon 
the  recommendation  I  was  able  to  produce,  he  need  not  be 
under  any  scruple  of  admitting  me  to  ordination.     *      *      * 

"  February  29th.  This  morning  I  arose  full  of  anxious  con- 
cern, and,  not  tarrying  for  my  breakfast,  walked  near  two 
miles,  to  the  place  of  my  examination.  I  was  presently  intro- 
duced to  the  Doctor,  (Nichols,)  who  received  me  wath  all  that 
mildness  which  he  always  assumes  towards  his  dependants. 
Requesting  me  to  sit,  he  proceeded  to  ask  me  a  great  number 
of  questions  concerning  my  country,  relations,  and  education* 
I  observed  that  my  answers  appeared  to  give  him  satisfaction. 
At  length,  examination  came  on.  He  gave  me,  first,  the  Greek 
Testament,  and  desired  me  to  render  a  portion  of  it  either  into 
Latin  or  English,  according  to  my  inclination.     He  likewise 

*  Dr.  Seeker. 


'«i 


62 


FRONTIER     31 1  S  S  I O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1760. 


gave  me  liberty  to  choose  what  book  or  chapter  I  pk  d«etl.  I 
happened  to  open  al)oiit  the  middle  of  the  first  chapter  of 
INIatthew,  and  jiassed  through  this  part  of  my  examination 
with  ease.  The  next  book  he  put  into  my  hand  was  CJrotius 
de  Veritate.  Here  I  was  not  at  my  liberty,  but  he  heard  mo 
to  the  first  section  in  th(;  Second  Hook,  where  I  read  oft'  that 
and  two  sections  besides,  into  English,  without  receiving  any 
correction.  The  last  part  of  the  examination  was,  to  render 
the  Thirty-nine  Articles  into  Latin,  and  then  to  explain  it. 
This  I  had  the  happiness  to  perforin,  not  only  to  his  accept- 
ance, but  even  far  bejond  what  I  could  wish.  After  I  had 
passed  througli  the  several  forms  used  on  these  occasions,  ho 
dismissed  me,  with  a  declaration  ihat  he  had  the  pleasure  to 
find  me  (pialified,  and  Avould  recommend  me  for  ordinati'in 
the  next  Sunday. 

"  March  2d.  This  morning  arose  early,  and  met  my  com- 
panions, according  to  agreement.  *  *  I  found  Mr.  Morton, 
a  young  gentleman  from  Philadelphia,  arrived  before  me.  ».  * 
When  we  had  finished  our  breakfast,  a  couple  of  coaches 
appeared,  to  convey  us  to  Fulham.  We  had  a  pleasant  ride 
through  a  beautiful  country,  for  the  space  of  five  miles  beyond 
the  town.  *  *  About  ten,  we  came  in  sight  of  the  bishoj)'s 
palace.  *  *  The  servants  conducted  us  into  a  very  odd 
apartment.  We  found,  however,  a  good  tire,  which  atlbrded 
us  a  very  seasonnble  refreshment,  as  the  w^eather  was  chilly. 
We  were  presently  joined  by  several  other  gentlemen,  candi- 
dates for  ordination.  His  lordshij)  the  Bishoj)  of  Rochester,*^ 
soon  arrived,  when  we  w^ere  called  into  his  j)resence.  Here 
we  were  obliged  to  subscribe  the  Thirty-nine  Articles.  The 
bell,  a  few  minutes  after,  ringing  for  jn'ayers,  we  were  all 
shown  into  the  chapel,  where,  after  taking  three  oaths,  we 
were  admitted  to  deacons'  orders  by  the  Bishop,  with  the  as- 
sistance of  Dr.  Ts'^iciiols  and  another  clergyman.  When  we 
returned  from  the  chapel,  we  were  conducted  into  a  vast  large 
hall,  entirely  composed  of  the  finest  marble.     It  was  arched 


! 

4 


W 


h 


*  Dr.  Zachary  I'earcc. 


17G0.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


63 


overhead,  and  was  at  least  twenty  feet  higli.  All  the  walb, 
as  well  as  tlie  grand  canopy,  were  covered  with  the  most  strik- 
ing lignres,  so  that  this  spacious  apartment  might  truly  be  said 
to  be  fine  without  hangings,  and  beautiful  without  j)aii:t.  In 
the  middle  stood  along  table,  covered  with  silver  dishes.  Wo 
sat  down  with  his  lordshi])  of  Rochester,  the  Bishop  of  Lon- 
don's lady,  and  several  others,  being,  in  all,  twenty-one.  We 
had  ten  servants  to  attend  us,  and  were  served  witli  twenty- 
four  dilVerent  dislies,  dressed  in  such  an  elegant  manner,  that 
many  of  us  could  scarce  eat  a  mouthful.  The  drinking  ves- 
sels were  either  of  glass  or  of  solid  gold.'  The  Bishop  was 
very  sociable  at  table,  but  was  seen  to  behave  with  a  very 
important  gravity.  After  paying  eleven  shillings  a-piece  for 
our  orders,  we  drove  into  the  city,  and  took  a  dish  of  tea  to- 
gelher,  and  then  parted  in  friendship. 

^- March  ^Uh.  This  morning  waited  upon  the  famous  Mr. 
Benjamin  Franklin,  and  received  an  invil.ition  to  dine.  •  * 
llis  son  dined  with  us,  a  ])arrister-at-law.  lie  is  a  gentleman 
of  good  education,  but  has  passed  away  the  llower  oi  his 
youth  in  too  many  extravagancies. 

"  March  14///.  This  day  Avas  appointed  for  public  fasting  and 
))rayer  through  Great  Britain,  to  implore  the  divine  blessing 
on  the  arms  of  the  nation.  In  the  afternoon.,  walked  abroad 
witli  INIessrs.  Gffaton  and  Morton.  After  rambling  several 
miles,  we  came  to  Moorfidds,  and  passing.'  through  them,  we 
entered  the  Unw.  which  leads  to  Mr.  Wliitlield's  famous  taber- 
nacle.     We  saw  mfcititudes  of  people  crowding  along  from 


^' 


■> 


*  In  rcailing  this  description,  allowance  should  be  niadp  for  the  novelty  of  the  sIkIiIs 
wliioh  met  Mr.  Bailey's  cyis  on  this  occasion.  His  early  da\  s  were  passed  in  humble 
circumstances,  and  thou(j;h  afterwards  "he  had  some  oijportunity  of  associating  with 
persons  of  wealth  and  retinement,  yet  it  can  hardly  be  sujijioscd  that  he  had  over  been 
l)resent  at  any  entertainment  in  which  I'tuch  display  of  luxury  and  wealtli  had  been 
made.  Besides,  America  could  not  compete  with  Eni;land  in  the  style  of  furniture 
and  decorations  of  buildings.  Ilis  description  of  his  vi^it  at  the  house  of  the  Bishop, 
was,  no  dotibt,  according  to  his  impressions  at  the  time.  That  he  was  mistaken,  in 
S'une  decree,  we  know,  from  his  remark,  tliat  "  the  drinkirs?  vessels  were  either  of 
plass  or  solid  gold."  It  has  been  stated,  by  compf-ent  authority,  that,  even  at  the 
present  day,  services  of  gold  plate  are  composed  of  nilvcr,  more  or  less  heavily  gilded. 


L)  VII 


J 


!   li 


mm 


61 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1760. 


every  quarter,  to  hear  the  entertaining  impertinence  of  that 
gentleman.  By  the  calculation  I  was  enabled  to  make,  I  am 
sensible  there  was  not  less  than  ten  thousand  persons  in  and 
about  the  tabernacle.  Here  were  many  serious  people  of  the 
lower  sort,  several  of  fashion,  and  a  great  number  of  villains, 
who  take  the  advantage  to  pick  the  pockets  of  the  innocent 
rabble.  Upon  our  return,  we  met  Mr.  IMilner,  a  young  gentle- 
man from  New  York,  who  came  over  for  orders.  But  Mr. 
Morton  being  obliged,  with  me,  to  wait  upon  Dr.  Nichols,  we 
parted  with  these  gentlemen,  and  walked  to  Piccadilly.  The 
Doctor  met  us  at  the  door,  and  with  an  easy  smile  infor'  icd 
us  that  he  had  been  so  happy  as  to  procure  us  a  pris.i  r  ordi- 
nation, which  would  be  conferred  the  next  Sunday,  by  the 
Bishop  of  Peterboro'.*  This  news  was  very  joyful  to  us,  who 
wished  for  nothing  more  than  to  have  our  affairs  settled. 
»***■**■ 
"  J/a/t7t  16lh,  (Sioidai/.)  This  being  the  day  appointed  for 
my  admission  into  priests'  orders,  Mr.  Morton  called  at  r.iy 
lodgings  a  little  after  eight.  We  took  coach,  and  ordered  the 
coachman  to  drive  to  Piccadilly.  "We  stopped  at  Dr.  Nichols' 
door,  and  found  that  obliging  gentleman  ready  to  enter  upon 
our  atlairs.  W^e  were  soon  conducted  into  the  j)resence  of  his 
lordship  the  Bishop  of  Peterboro',  and,  under  his  direction, 
took  all  the  oaths  which  the  canons  of  our  church  reijuire 
upon  these  bacred  occasions.  W^e  wore  next  conducted,  with 
the  usual  ceremonies,  into  St.  James"  Church,  and  there  re- 
ceived ordination  from  the  Reverend  Bishop.  The  whole 
allair  was  conducted  with  the  utmost  soL-mnity.  O,  that  our 
minds  may  e\;;i  be  sensible  of  the  weight  and  importance  of 
this  sacred  ollice  to  which  we  are  now  appointed,  and  may 
the  Divine  influence  animate  and  direct  our  actions  to  the 
glory  of  Heaven  and  the  happiness  of  those  beings  which 
surround  us  I  The  ordination  being  over,  we  returned  into 
the  Doctor's  apartment,  and  there  paid  half  a  guinea  for  our 
orders,  and  half  a  crown  to  the  man  who  attended  at  the  altar. 
We  received  orders  from  our  reverend  superiors,  to  partake  of 


I 

I 


I    a 


*  Dr.  Terrick. 


r 


1760.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


65 


the  Sacrament  at  the  King's  Parish  Church  of  St.  ]\Iarlins-in- 
the-Fields.  We  had  an  excellent  sermon,  suitable  to  the 
occasion,  and  parted  from  the  holy  ordinance  in  soni(>  measure 
sensible  of  the  favors  Heaven  had  bestowed  upon  us,  in  mak- 
ing everything  succeed  to  our  wishes. 

"  2Iarch  11th.  *  *  *  We  arrived  at  the  Bishop  of  Tjon- 
don's  palace  (at  Fulham),  and  were  admitted,  with  u<ual 
ceremony,  into  the  secretary's  apartment,  from  whose  hand  we 
received  our  license,  after  paying  £1  IS.v.  i]d.  We  had  the 
honor  of  being  introduced  to  His  Lordship's  presence.  He  was 
sitting  with  his  consort  in  a  beautiful  parlor,  with  his  liat  upo- 
his  head.  When  we  approached  him,  Ik;  endeavored  to  move, 
but  with  the  greatest  dillicuify.  We  came  around  on  Ihc 
other  side  of  the  table,  and  saw,  in  the  face  of  His  Lordship, 
an  object  which  at  once  excited  horror  and  compassion.  His 
face  was  swollen  to  a  jirodigious  degree,  and  his  tongue,  in- 
fected with  some  terrible  disorder,  hung  out  of  his  montli,  and 
extended  down  his  chin.  The  good  Bishop,  unabh;  to  speajc, 
looked  earnestly  upon  us,  as  if  he  meant  to  convey  us  a  bless- 
ing. Having  subscribed  the  articles  retpiired,  we  took  Icax  i;  of 
His  Lordship." 

*****  * 

"  March  Id/h.  Mr.  Morton  calling  on  me,  we  dressed  in 
our  robes,  and  went,  first,  to  wait  upon  Mr.  Franklin.  We 
found  him  and  his  son  at  breakfast,  with  several  ladies,  who 
prevailed  upon  us  to  take  a  dish  of  tea.  After  engaging  to 
dine  with  them  the  next  Tuesday,  we  went  to  St.  Mariin's, 
expecting  to  meet  the  Vcnerabh;  Society.  We  tarri(vl  jirayers, 
but  not  findinij  those  reverend  "entlemen  we  wanted,  we 
repaired  to  the  chapter-house,  and  were  introduced  imo  a 
handsome  apartment,  with  the  Archbisliop's  gentlemen,  and 
other  attendants.  About  one,  the  asseml)iy  l)roke  up,  when 
we  had  an  opportunity  of  seeing  several  bishops.     •       •      His 


*  This  was  Bisho])  Thomas  Sherlock,  the  antay:iinist  of  ISi-^hoj)  Iloadlfy,  in  'he 
B.ingoriau  controvcisj-.  lie  died  in  a  few  months  after  tlie  interview  recorded  in  the 
Memoir.  His  attestation  to  Mr.  Bailey's  deelaration  of  eoiiforinity  to  the  LiiiiiL^y  of 
the  Church  of  England  is  preserved.  The  Bishop's  signaluro,  in  the  margin,  shows 
the  trcn.ulousuess  of  a  hand  enfeebled  by  sickness. 

9 


(I  ''' 


il 


-.-JJ 


\i 


GG 


FRONTIEU     :S[ISSIONARY 


OR. 


[ITGO. 


Grace,  in  ])assing  out  of  llie  groat  room,  condescended  to  ad- 
dress us  very  cornplaeently,  and  gave  ns  his  ble.'ing.  *  * 
From  the  elia})ter-lu)use  we  went  directly  to  the  treasury,  *  * 
liienco  to  the  chancellor's  house.  Here  wo  received  .£19  7s. 
Or/.,  the  royal  bounty  to  all  American  clergymen  after  ordina- 
lion.     The  kinix  himself  siifiied  lite  order  for  the  delivery  of 

ZJ  CD  ^ 

the  mon''y.  T  cannot  hut  thankfully  acknowledge  the  good- 
ness of  Providence,  this  day,  in  succeeding  my  concerns,  and 
so  hiippily  fmislilng  the  l)usiness  for  which  I  made  this  danger- 
ous voyage  to  London.  I  had  the  pleasure  to  be  informed 
that  the  generous  Society  had  apj)ointed  ]ne  their  missionary, 
with  a  salary  of  £oO  per  annum,  to  begin  from  last  Christmas. 
I'his  was  favorable,  even  beyond  uiy  most  sanguine  expecta- 
tions. 


il 
m 

m 
II 

til 

il 


"  jMarcli  22d.  This  day  received  half  a  year's  salary  from 
Alderman  (iosling,  banker  to  the  Society,  -y  *  I  then  rode 
to  the  upper  part  of  New  Bond  Street,  and  bought  a  luuuber 
of  books.  The  afternoon  I  spent  in  collecting  articles  I  de- 
signi'd  to  take  witl;  me  to  New  England,  having  first  visited 
Ihe  New  England  CoU'ec*  House,  and  agreed  with  Capt.  Watt 
for  a  passage,  first  paying  for  it  ten  guineas. 

iv  *  *  *  *  * 

"  March  '2-~)lh.  Visited  Dr.  IBeaicroft  with  Mr.  Grrcaton  and 
IMorton,  where  we  received  Leland's  View  of  the  Deistical 
Writers,  a  present  from  his  royal  highness  the  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  several  other  excellent  pieces.  About  two,  I\Ir.  Morton 
called  on  me,  and  accompanied  me  to  Mr.  Pranklin's,  in 
Craven  Street.  We  had  four  ladies  at  tal;le.  They  all  dined 
in  full  dress,  without  so  uiuch  as  taking  their  hats  from  their 
heads.  Nothing  could  possibly  be  more  agreeable  than  the 
conversation,  behavior  and  entertainment  of  this  afternoon. 

^^  March  2Gth.      This  day  went   down   the  river  with   Mr. 

CJrcaton,  to  put.  our on  l)oard  the frigate,  at  Stone 

Stairs. 

"  J/f^/y  "28///.  About  ten  o'clock,  to  our  inexpressible  joy,  we 
nuide  the  mountains  of  Agamcnticus,  on  the  coast  of  New 


•mk 


••■•I 


HGO.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


t)  I 


England,  having  been  our  c)f  siglit  ol'  land  from  (^apc'  Corn- 
wall, in  Cjreat  Britain,  lliirty-two  days.'' 

Mr.  Bailey  arrived  in  Boston  a  few  days  ufier,  as  wc  learn 
from  the  following  item  from  the  "Boston  News  Leller,"  of 
Jane  0th,  17(i() :  "  Custom  House,  l^oston,  June  4th.  loitered 
inwards.  Watt,  from  Tiondon.  Tn  Capt.  Watt  came  Passen- 
gers General  Winslow,  who  was  weleomed  on  shore,  and  con- 
gratulaled  by  a  great  number  of  Peo|)l(>,  upon  his  return  ;  also, 
the  Rev.  ]\lr.  James  (Irayton,*  of  Roxbury,  and  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Jacob  Bailey,  of  Beverly,!  two  young  gentlemen  who  have 
received  Episcopal  Ordination,  the  former  I'or  Ciu'isi's  Clim-eh, 
in  this  Town,  the  oilier  for  a  ('hurch  to  be  estal)lished  ar 
Pownalboro',  on  the  Kennebeck  River;  and  several  other  gen- 
tlemen." 


*Grpi!tou. 


f  Jiowh'v, 


\n 


1.; 


t! 


■  PP  mil*- 


w 


68 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1G06. 


CHAPTER  V. 

Bkfoki;  wc  follow  I\Ir.  Bailey  to  his  chosen  field  of  labor,  it 
becomes  necessary  to  sketch  the  history  of  that  i)art  of  -he 
country  in  which  that  field  was  situated. 

As  1he  French  had  led  the  way  in  colonizing  other  parts  of 
America,  so  were  they  the  first  in  exploring  this  region,  and  in 
attempting  to  settle  it.  The  Idng  of  I'rance  had  given  to  De 
Monts  the  whole  of  the  country  between  the  island  of  Caj)e 
Breton  and  the  shores  below  Hudson  River,  and  had  called 
the  territory  Acadia,  In  the  spring  of  l()Oi,  De  INIonts,  ac- 
companied by  the  future  founder  of  Ci,uebec,  entered  Annapo- 
lis River,  in  Nova  Scotia,  and  granting  a  territory,  extending 
some  miles  from  its  mouth,  to  one  of  his  comj^anions,  sailed 
for  the  Schoodic,  or  St.  Croix  River,  which  now  forms  part  of 
the  north-eastern  boundary  of  the  United  States.  An  island 
was  chosen  for  the  residence  of  the  party,  and  fortified.  The 
privations  of  one  winter,  however,  caused  them  to  abandon  this 
locality  the  following  spring,  and  to  join  the  rest  of  the  immi- 
grants on  the  pleasant  river  of  Annapolis.  The  same  season 
an  exploring  party,  led  by  De  Monts,  ascended  the  Kennebec 
River,  erected  a  cross,  and  took  possession  of  the  territory  in  the 
name  of  the  king  of  France.  While  these  expeditions  were  in 
progress,  English  enterprise  was  also  excited.  On  the  pretence 
of  tliscovering  a  north-west  passage,  a  party  left  Great  Britain. 
After  touching  at  a  few  places  in  Maine,  th.e  vessels  ascended 
the  Penobscot  River,  probably  a  considerable  distance,  and  the 
commander  also  erected  a  cross,  "a  thing,"  he  says,  "never 
omitted  by  Christian  travt-llers.''  Thus,  in  the  same  year,  per- 
hajjs  in  the  same  mouth,  the  symljol  of  man's  salvation  was 
})lanted  on  the  bank^  of  the  two  noblest  rivers  in  Maine.  The 
leaders  of  both  th*^5*o  ex|H\Iitions  were  Protestants.  The  Eng- 
lis^h  enterprise  was  tSi>g»aced  by  the  seizure  of  five  of  the  na- 


M 


f 


IGOf).] 


LIFE     OF      UFV.      .JA(i)i;      BATLT.Y 


()9 


live?,  \vIio  were  carried  fo  (Ireiit  liriiaiii.  This  iiet  of  nii(|uali- 
lled  baseness  was,  however,  i^'oviih-ntially  made  productive  of 
good.'  Three  of  the  captives  were  delivered  to  Sir  I''i;ki)I- 
NANDO  Gouci'.s,  governor  cf  Piymontli.  A  residence  witli  liiiu 
taught  them  the  Engiisli  I  uiguage,  and  the  aeeoinits  they  gave 
of  their  native  land  llrst  excited  in  their  host  that  interest  in 
the  colouii/iation  of  New  England,  which  tv'rminated  only  wiih 
ills  life. 

In  1(506,  an  association  of  English  gentlemen  was  formed, 
for  the  purpose  of  colonizing  America,  and  conv(>rling  its 
savage  inhabitants  to  the  ClM'istian  religion.  Allhoiigh  di- 
vided into  two  companies,  ye!;  they  were  imder  one  general 
council  of  government.  .James  1.  <ijave  them  a  roval  charter. 
To  one  of  these,  called  the  Second  Colony,  or  the  Plymouth 
Company,  was  granted  a  territory,  identical,  to  a  great  extent,! 
with  that  given  to  De  INIonts  by  the  king  of  France-.  Tlie  re- 
ligion of  the  Church  of  England  was  esiablished  in  the  colo- 
nies to  be  formed.  In  the  following  year,  the  founders  of  Wv- 
ginia,  under  the  patronage  of  the  fir^t  of  these  companies,  left 
their  native  land  and  conmienced  a  set  dement  on  .lames  River. 
Late  in  August  of  the  same  year,  i)ul)lie  thanks  to  Almighty 
(rod  were  oll'ered  up  on  a  peninsula  in  the  Kennebec  River, 
near  its  mouth,  by  a  party  who  had  landed  IVcuu  slii|)s  sent  out 
by  the  Second,  or  Plymouth  Company,  to  colonize  their  patent. 
A  sermon  was  delivered  on  this  occasion,  their  charter  was 
read,  and  rules  for  the  government  were  promulgated.  Build- 
ings for  j)ub!ic  use,  including  a  Church  and  a  few  slendiT 
cabins,  were  erected,  with  a  rude  fortification.  Early  winter 
witnessed  the  departure  of  the  ships  which  had  transported 
the  colonists,  leaving  only  forty-tivi'  persons  to  undergo  the 
unknown  trials  which  might  await  them.  Xot  the  k-ast  of 
these  trials  was  the  extrcnu'  severity  of  the  climate.  Tn  mid- 
winter lire  consumed  their  stt)reh()use,  with   the  provisions  it 


*  "  Tills  accident  must  be  iu  knowledtred  Uie  uu'ims,  undiT  Gud,  of  puttiiiu;  on  foot 
and  Etivins  life  to  uU  our  pluntatiuns." — Sir  J-'udimtnilo  Cori^rx'  lirii'fc  Xarialivn. 
London  :  lOoS. 

tTo  the  two  companies  all  North  America,  from  the  .'iltli  to  the  loth  degree  of 
latitude,  was  granted.    Dc  Muntf.'  patent  extended  one  degree  further  north. 


1  i'  f  f 


li 


:     I"  'J 
'   ^it  t ; 


iliJ; 


70 


r  R  O  N  T  I  E  R     All  S  S  I  0  N  A  R  Y 


OR, 


[1(507. 


i! 


m- 


coiitaiiiod.  Ccorgc!  I'opham,  their  ])rositloiit,  died.  The  ships 
sent  from  Eni,Haii(l  the  succeeding  spring,  broiiglit  news  of  the 
death  of  the  Ciiief  Justice  of  Enghind,  one  of  the  principal 
men  of  the  Plymouth  Council,  and  also  of  another  member,  a 
brother  to  the  "  Admiral  "  of  the  colony,  who  had  now  become 
its  ])rcsident.  Thes(;  untoward  events  determined  tiie  emi- 
grants to  return  to  their  native  country,  and  when  the  ships, 
despatched  to  their  aid,  entered  the  English  hiu-bor  on  their 
return,  instead  of  bringing  news  of  encouragement  to  the 
sagacious  and  enterprising  men,  who  had  attempted  to  trans- 
fin*  the  reliiijion  and  civilization  of  Finijland  to  the  huntinor- 
grounds  of  the  savages  of  North  America,  they  landed  dis- 
heartened adventurers,  whose  story  and  whose  return  would 
])()stpone,  to  a  distant,  day,  the  renewal  of  an  enterprise  that 
had  tims  lamentably  and  visibly  failed. 

As,  by  the  royal  letter  of  instructions,  given  to  the  early  colo- 
nists, the  religion  and  polity  of  the  Church  of  England  were 
distinctly  established,  nnd  as  religious  services  were  held,  and 
a  sermon  preached  on  the  day  of  the  debarkation  of  the  colo- 
nists, at  Kennebec,  by  their  chajilain,  who  also  olliciated  dur- 
ing the  time  the  colony  remained,  it  is  certain  that,  on  tne 
shores  of  Atkins'  Bay,  tlie  hallowed  strains  of  England's  ritual 
were  heard  at  no  infrecjuent  intervals,  during  the  autiunu  of 
1G07,  and  the  succeeding  winter.  And,  therefore,  these  arc 
the  first  instances  of  the  use  of  the  liturgy,  and  the  perform- 
ance of  the  rites  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  any  part  of  the 
present  United  States,  north  of  Virginia.  And  not  only  so, 
this  was  Tin;  first  Pi^otestant  woijsuip  a\d  pkkaciiixg,  by 

AN"  ordained  minister,  IN  ANY  PORTION  OF  THIS  VAST  TERRI- 
TORY.* 

New  England  was  the  name  given  to  a  region,  extending 
from  the  fortieth  parallel,  eight  degrees  northward,  in  a  new 
charter,  granted  to  the  Plymouth  Council,  in  1020.  Several 
voyages,  undertaken  l)y  private  persons,  had  been  made  during 
the  thirteen  years  which  followed  the  failure  of  the  colony  at 
Kennebec.      Although  the  famous    Captain   John   Smith  was 


i 


wm 


*  See  note  B. 


r 


1 


ftf 


1G8G.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     J  A  CO  15     I!  A  I  LEY, 


71 


cnii;ago(l  in  two  of  iht'sc  enterprises,  yet  nothing'  was  efrccted 
ill  llie  wiiy  of  coloni/iiig  the  territory.  A  few  persons,  under 
Richard  N'ines,  passed  the  winter  of  1017,  at  the  iiioiiih  of 
Saeo  River,  but  a  party  of  l^liigiish  mutineers,  who  had  l)eeu 
set  on  shore  in  the  succeeding  year,  found  tliere  no  wliite 
inliabitants,  and  were  obliged  to  travel  eastwiU'd,  lill  tli(>y 
readied  tlie  island  of  iMonhegan,  a  noted  fishing  station  for 
the  Europeans. 

Thirieen  years  after  Vines'  short  stay  at  8aeo,  two  patents 
were  granted  to  him  and  others,  of  about  eight  stjuare  miles, 
on  the  banks  of  that  river.  The  settlers  on  thesi*  grants  j)re- 
served  friendly  relations  with  th(!ir  savage  neighbors,  and 
raised  taxes  for  the  support  of  religious  worship,  though  no 
clergyman  seems  to  have  been  an  ong  them  at  the  time,  liut 
in  1()3(3,  Sir  Ferdinando  Gorges,  who  had  obtained  a  grant  of 
all  the  territory  in  Maine,  west  of  the  Kennebec  River,  sent 
over  his  ne|)hew,  William  Gorges,  in  the  capacity  of  governor. 
In  the  spring  of  that  year,  he  opened  a  court  in  Saeo,  and  thus 
established  the  first  organized  government  within  the  limits  of 
the  present  State  of  INIaine.  In  the  autumn,  "  a  book  of  rates 
for  the  minister,  to  be  paid  quarterly,  the  first  payment  to  begin 
at  IMiehaelmas  next,"  was  drawn  up,  and  the  sum  of  ,£ol  i-^.v. 
was  subscribed.  The  patent  of  this  territory  estal)lished  ilie 
Church  of  England,  and  gave  the  patentee  the  patronage  of 
all  churches  and  chapels.  Rev.  Richard  Giijsox,  an  E[)isco- 
pal  minister,  was  here  at  least  as  early  as  1(537,  and  remained 
on  tliis  side  the  ^Vtlantic  seven  years  before  his  return,  part  of 
which  time  was  spent  in  Saco.  It  was  in  this  |)lace,  then, 
that  Episcopacy  ..as  first  prnnanciilli/  established  in  the  terri- 
tory of  Maine.  But  Gibson's  labors,  though  given,  perhaj)s, 
at  first,  in  a  great  degree,  to  Saco,  became  afterwards  extended, 
and  tlie  settlers  at  Richmond's  Island,  the  Isles  of  Shoals,  and 
at  Piseataqua,  enjoyed  the  benefits  of  his  ministrations.  In 
fact,  he  is  known  to  have  been  the  first  minister  of  Ports- 
mouth, N.  II.  He  was  drawn  into  a  controversy  with  a  Puri- 
tan minister,  of  Dover,  N.  11.,  who  attacked  him,  and  he  after- 
wards offered  acknowledgments  to  jNIassaehusetts,  and  in  1(343 
returned  to  England.     The  testimony  of  those  who  regarded 


!     I 


%'\l 


72 


F 11 0  N  T  IF,  R     M  I  S  S  I  ()  N  A  R  Y 


OR, 


[IGGO. 


11: 


Ili(!  i-Iiurcli  of  wliifli  lie  was  a  minister  with  no  favorai)l('  fui'l- 
inij[s,  is,  that  ho  was  "a  i^'ood  schohir,  a  popuhir  speaker,  and 
hi^^'liiy  esleemed  as  a  (lospel  minister,"  by  those  among  whom 
lie  lal)i)re<l. 

A  small  island  near  the  southerly  shore  of  Capo  Elizabeth, 
had  i)een  granted  by  the  IMymoiith  Coiineil  to  two  ])ersons, 
who  appointed  Joim  Winter  to  manage  their  interest  therein. 
It  soon  became  a  noted  place  for  fishing,  and  the  products  of 
the  sea  and  forest  were  e\ehanued  to  so  larcre  an  extent  for 
foreign  commodities,  that  an  7*iUropean  trade  of  some  amount 
grew  up,  and  continued  many  years, 

Kev.  RoHi'.iM'  .b)i:i>A\,  a  clergyman  of  the  Church  of  l''ug- 
land,  married  Sarah,  the  daugliti-r  of  this  John  Winter.  It  is 
certain  that  Jordan  olliciated  during  the  first  years  of  his  resi- 
dence on  Ilichmond's  Island,  and,  as  he  is  termed  an  "itinerant 
preacher  to  the  j)eopU',"  his  labors,  like  those  of  (Jibsou,  may 
have;  extended  even  to  New  IIam|)shire.  The  original  grantees 
of  Richmond's  Island  evidently  contemplated  the  regular  per- 
formance of  divine  W(>rship  tlu're,  according  to  the  ritual  of 
the  Church  of  I'^ngland,  if  not  the  erection  of  a  church,  for,  in 
the  joint  inventory  lielween  one  of  theiu  and  their  agent,  arti- 
cles used  in  the  Church  service  are  enumerated,  such  as  "  Com- 
munion vessels,  cushions,  etc."  Jordan  also  exhibited  a  charge 
against  the  estate  of  his  father-in-law,  in  LGIo,  "for  my  min- 
istry, as  by  composition,  one-half  yesu',  XIO."  But  Jordan's 
life  was  destined  to  be  a  checkered  one.  The  \vhole  of  llicli- 
uiond's  Island  was  awarded  to  him,  as  legal  representative  of 
Winter,  to  satisfy  a  claim  of  the  latter  on  the  proprietors. 
The  territory  in  which  his  estate  was  situated,  cliangcd  owners 
more  than  once,  and  Jordan  became  involved  in  the  })olitieal 
disputes  arising  from  such  iluctuations.  We  find  him,  at 
various  times,  acting  in  a  judicial  capacity,  appointed  to  his 
otlice  by  the  power  which,  at  the  time,  held  j)ossession  of  the 
Province  of  JMaiue.  That  he  did  not  entirely  lay  aside  the 
exercise  of  his  ministerial  ollice,  appears  from  the  fact  that,  in 
IGGO,  he  baptized  some  children,  "  after  the  exercise  was  ended 
on  the  Lord's  day,  in  the  house  of  Mrs.  Mac  Worth,  in  Fal- 
mouth,"   for  which   he  \>  as  surauionecl  before    the    General 


1G77.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOD     BAILEY. 


73 


Court  of  IMassiicliusolts,  who  Jihu)  (isilled  liiin  to  ixii  account, 
ill  the  succeeding  year,  for  solcnuii/iiig  a  marriage.  l'\)ur 
years  after,  his  iiouse  was  attacked  by  Indians,  lie  barely 
escaped  with  his  life,  to  (Jreat  Ishmd,  now  Xew  (.'astle,  in 
Piscatai|ua  River,  wliero  he  dii'd,  in  1()7!),  aged  OS,  leaving  a 
larg(!  landed  estate. 

The  territory  of  Maine,  after  many  changes  of  ownership, 
passed,  by  purchase,  into  the  hands  of  the  iKMghboring  colony 
of  IMassachusetts,  in  1077.  Thenceforward,  the  religious 
teachers  encouraged  in  this  Province  were  Puritans. 

10 


11 


I 


! 


.;■ 


a 


^, 


J^.^^ 

"^  ^J^*.'^ 
*.  1^..^, 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


1.1 


11.25 


121    12.5 


■so 


K 


1^ 


-KA    ■ 


2.2 

1 1.8 

U    IIIIII.6 


III 


V] 


vl 


^;. 


y 


^ 


Pholcgraphic 

Sdences 

Corporation 


d 


^ 


\ 


:\ 


iV 


\ 


^> 


r\^ 


6^ 


'^ 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)872-4503 


4' 


6^ 


^ 
^ 


TT'T'^ 


74 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY  ;     OR, 


[1740. 


li 


f!'^ 


■ 

Il^l  . 

CHAPTER  VI. 

In  1749,  the  representatives  of  the  original  proprietors  of  the 
Kennebec  Purchase,  witli  otiiers  who  had  joined  them,  held  a 
meeting,  to  take  measures  for  the  improvement  of  their  prop- 
erty. Four  years  after,  a  corporation  was  formed,  by  the 
name  of  the  "  Proprietors  of  the  Kennebec  Purchase  from  the 
late  Coiony  of  New  Plymouth,*'  though  this  corporation  is 
generally  called  "The  Plymouth  Company.'' "^ 

t"In  tlie  year  1751  ,:j:  a  number  of  (Jermans  having  arrived 
in  Boston,  the  Plymouth  Company,  as  an  inducement  to  them 
to  settle  in  their  patent,  olFered  immediately  to  give  each 
family  one  hundred  acres  of  land,  in  what  is  now  called  Dres- 
den, to  pay  their  passages  from  Boston,  to  advance  them  six 
months'  ])rovisions,  and  to  build  them  a  house  of  defence 
against  the  Indians.  The  only  conditions  imposed  upon  the 
settlers  were,  that  each  should  clear  five  acres  of  land,  and 
build  an  house,  twenty  feet  by  eighteen,  within  three  years. 
These  offers  were  accepted,  and  the  descendants  of  those  (icr- 
maiis  are  yet  to  be  distinguished  in  that  neighborhood,  by 
their  patronymic  names."  The  plantation  begun  by  these 
people  was  called  Frankfort. 

The  wars  between  France  and  England  involved  their  res- 
pective colonies  in  America,  and  the  inlluence  which  the 
former  had  obtained  over  the  Indians,  was  used  in  exciting 
them  to  attack  the  white  settlers  in  Maine.  As  Richmond 
fort  had  become  almost  ruinous,  another  was  built,  in  1754, 


•  See  note  C. 

f  History  of  the  Kennebec  Purchase,  by  R.  II.  Gardiner,  Esq.  —  Maine  Historical 
ColUctions,  II.,  Yi.  280. 

+  After  the  revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes,  some  of  the  French  went  to  Ger- 
many, and  with  the  Germans  came  thence  to  I'rankfort,  on  the  Kennebec,  from  the 
River  Rhine. 


1749.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


75 


about  one  and  a  half  miles  above  it,  on  the  opporfite  side  of 
the  river,  and  called  Fort  Frankfort,  or  Fort  Shirley.  To  this 
the  inhabitants  (led  for  securily,  when  alarmed  by  the  Indians. 
The  circumstances  of  th(>  people  at  Frankfort  were  extremely 
straitened.  They  had  been  transj)orled  to  a  region  whose 
winters  are  long,  and  generally  rigorous,  and  they  were  obliged 
to  fell  the  enormous  growth  of  timber  which  covered  the 
ground,  before  anything  could  be  raised  for  the  support  of 
themselves  and  their  families.  Unused  to  this  kind  of  labor 
in  their  native  country,  their  attempts  to  cut  down  the  forest 
were  awkward,  and  of  course  very  toilsome.  x\s  it  irmst  be 
long  before  they  could  raise  their  own  food,  and  as  they  had 
no  means  of  renewing,  in  their  new  home,  their  clothing,  when 
worn  out,  they  were,  of  course,  doomed  to  a  protracted  and 
severe  struggle  for  the  necessaries  of  life.  It  is  evident,  then, 
that  a  provision  for  religious  instruction  was  entirely  beyond 
their  power.  In  fact,  the  whole  of  the  jjresent  State  of  Maine, 
east  of  Brunswick,  was  at  that  time,  and  for  some  years  after, 
(with  the  exception  hereafter  to  be  named,)  entirely  desti- 
tute of  the  services  of  a  minister  of  any  denomination.  But 
Popish  emissaries  were  not  idle.  In  KiOo,  the  expedition  of 
De  Monts,  (as  before  stated,)  ascended  the  Kennebec  River, 
erected  a  cross,  and  took  possession  of  the  country  in  the  name 
of  the  king  of  France.  In  l()l!2,  De  Biencourt  and  Biart 
visited  the  same  river,  and  brought  the  natives  to  the  profes- 
sion of  the  Romish  religion,  and  allegiance  to  the  Fnmch 
king.'  Thirty-fourf  years  after,  Drenillettes  took  up  his  abode 
in  this  region,  and  olliciated  in  a  chapel  erected  by  th(.'  Indian 
converts.  He  was  succeeded  by  the  Bigots,  father  and  son. 
When  Rallc  was  killed  by  the  English  forces,  at  the  Indian 
village  of  Norridgewock,  in  1724,  he  had  been  their  priest  at 
that  place  for  a  (juarter  of  a  century.  As  the  Jesuits  were 
well  established  in  Canada,  at  the  time  of  the  death  of  Ralle, 
and  as  the  roi.  >;  from  the  St.  Lawrence  to  the  Kennebec  was 
well  known  to  the   Indians,  and  fre([uently  passed  over  by 


*  Bancroft's  History  of  the  United  States,  I.,  27. 
t  Bancroft's  History  of  the  United  States,  III.,  13-5. 


r ' 


70 


FRONTIER    MISSIONARY 


OR. 


[1754. 


lii* 


■'•III  i 


4 


thorn,  emissaries  of  the  Romish  Church  conkl,  with  little  com- 
parative dldiculty,  find  their  way  into  the  country  where  the 
head-quarters  of  the  Norridgewock  tribe  had  formerly  existed. 
That  these  opportunities  were  not  neglected,  appears  from  the 
following  narrative :  "  On  the  Ith  of  January,  17-')4,  Mr.  Peter 
Audron,  a  Jesuit,  and  missionary  to  the  Norridgewock  tribe, 
arrived  at  Frankfort.  *  »  Mr.  Bunyon,  one  of  the  (Jerman, 
or  French  settlers,  accompanied  the  Jesuit  to  his  habitation, 
which  was  about  three  or  four  miles  above  Cushnoc,  at  the  dis- 
tance of  half  a  mile  from  the  eastern  shore,  and  his  house  was 
surrounded  by  a  number  of  Indian  wigwams.  The  French  were 
carrying  on  a  settlement  at  Anondowincke,  a  remarkable  situa- 
tion, between  the  head  of  Kennebeck  and  Ammagantick  Lake, 
and,  it  Is  reported,  that  the  above-mentioned  Jesuit  was  busy 
among  the  French  people,  at  PVankfort,  to  engage  some  of 
them  to  remove,  and,  for  their  encouragement,  he  promised 
each  family  two  hundred  acres  of  land,  and  some  other  advan- 
tages ;  but,  with  all  his  arguments  and  insinuations,  he  was 
unable  to  prevail."  * 

The  poor  settlers  at  Frankfort,  thus  exposed  to  the  arts  of 
Romish  missionaries,  and  unable,  themselves,  to  provide  for 
religious  teaching,  looked  in  vain  to  any  in  America  to  assist 
them.  No  Protestant  minister  had  ever  been  in  the  valley  of 
the  Kennebec,  of  which  wc  have  any  account,  save  at  George- 
town, a  settlement  near  the  mouth  of  that  river,  and  the  last 
clergyman  had  left  that  place  t\ /o  years  previously,  while  there 
was  no  prospect  that  the  vacancy  there  would  be  supplied. 
Nothing,  then,  was  left  to  these  neglected  pioneers  but  to 
apply  to  the  benevolence  of  pious  persons  in  England.  In 
this  emergency,  the  people  of  Frankfort  joined  with  those  in 
Georgetown,  in  petitioning  the  "  Society  for  Propogating  the 
Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,"  to  send  them  a  missionary.  This 
petition,  dated  in  1754,  states  that  they  who  signed  it  "  are  a 
collection  of  Protestants,  from  Great  Britain,  Ireland,  France 


*Rev.  J.  Bailey's  MSS.  Williamson's  History  of  Maine,  II.,  297.  Both  of  these 
authorities  concur  in  stating  that  this  visit  of  the  Jesuit,  with  other  facts,  drew  the 
attention  oi  .he  General  Court  of  Massachusetts,  and  led  to  the  renewal  or  erection 
of  forts,  one  of  which  was  placed  in  the  present  town  of  Winslow. 


If 

m 

1 

i 

1 

'l';V 

■ 

1 

'>     mm 

li:   m 

im 

■■■1 

r 


7^ 


m 


'■/ f^^'-S"i"f- 


!      /      6'i'ff  i)t'  Hiiiihiiiiu  roloiiy  161)/. 
S      Site  nf  Fmt  Hirhmimil ,  l/l.t 
3      .V*  Johns  I'hiii-ch  ,  Pnwniilhnro  ■ 

if  flo.       (ii'nrijKtmvn, . 

A'.  B.     T/w  names'  of  plnie^'  tire  tkore 
previa  us  to   17?!). 


PART  OF 

M  a  Ij  IN  E 


l'',*'^firii4  i-itkkartn 


IToG.] 


LIFE     or     Ki:V.     JACOB     BAir.KY, 


4  t 


atid  (''cniKiH//,''^  conipcllcd,  by  povcny,  "to  accept,  ^'liully,  a 
SettlcuuMit,  on  Ww.  FrtxitiiT  of  New  l-iiii,Maii(I,"'  who  feci  sensibly 
the  want  of  "  the  Adiiiiiiistnitioii  of  (Jixl's  \V()rcl  and  Sacra- 
ments, and  their  Chihlren  niiisi  l)e  in  evident.  Danger  of  falling 
into  the  grossest  Ignorance  and  Irri'ligion,  so  as  to  bcconie  an 
easy  Prey  to  the  I'opish  Missionaries  in  ihat  Neighbonrhood, 
unless  the  Society  siiall  send  a  Missionary  to  olliciate  to  and 
instruet  thein."' 

The  Abstract  of  the  Society,  for  17-''),  states  that  '•  (!ov- 
ernor  Shirleij,  and  other  very  worthy  Persons,  recouuiiending 
Mr.  MacclciKii^-luin,  thai  he  had  ])een  for  many  Years  a  Dis- 
senting Teacher,  but  was  become  a  Convert  to  tlu;  ("liiireh  of 
England^  as  a  proper  l^-rson  for  this  Mission,  on  account  of 
his  uncommon  Fortitude,  and  a  Mind  cheerfully  disposed  to 
undergo  the  Dangers  aiul  Diliieulties  to  be  expected  in  that 
Mission,  the  Society,  ]\Ir.  Mdcclvnaglian  having  been  received 
into  the  Holy  Orders  of  our  Church,  hath  a|)pointed  him  their 
Missionary  to  Geori^-e  Toirit  and  Fraii/iforf,  and  to  tli(>  neigh- 
boring Places  on  the  Eastern  Frontier  of  the  Province  of  Alas- 
sachusetts  ]5ay.''  The  annual  stipend  attached  to  this  mission 
was  fifty  pounds  sterling. 

In  IMay,  175(5,  Mr.  Maeclenachan  arrived  at  Kennebec,  and 
took  up  liis  residence  in  F'ort  Richmond.  His  family  after- 
wards joined  him  there. 

But  one  report  of  Mr.  iNIacclenachan  to  the  Society  has  been 
preserved.  This  is  compiled  from  his  letter  to  them,  dat(}d 
Richmond,  August  Otli,  1757.  In  this  he  speaks  of  his  ''dili- 
gence in  preaching  the  rios[)el  on  comnK)n  Days,  as  well  as 
the  Lord's  Day,"  and  states  that  "the  number  of  his  Hearers 
increases."  He  complains  "that  there  is  no  Church,  either  at 
George  Town  or  Fran/ifort,  nor  (ilebe  iu)r  House  prepared  for 
the  Missionary,  as  was  promised  to  the  Society  on  his  appoint- 
ment; but  that  he  had,  to  that  time,  resided  in  an  old  disman- 
tled Fort,  wonderfully,  through  God's  mercy,  preserved  from  a 
merciless  Enemy,  to  whom  he  is  often  exposed."' 

Mr.  Maeclenachan  removed  from  his  mission  in  DecemlxT, 


%i 


\l 


1758.*     A  large  territory  was  thus  left  without  the  services  o 


f 


*  See  note  D. 


i 


78 


FRONTIEU     MISSIONAUV;     OR, 


[1700. 


m 


In; ' 


i|r,: 


any  resident  minister  of  any  denoMiinution.  The  title  of  the 
ineiual)ent  of  the  C'liureh  .Mission  in  this  region  was,  "Itine- 
rant Missionary  on  the  Ivislern  Frontier  of  IMassaelnisetts 
Jiay."  This  frontier  was  indeterminate,  both  in  lengtii  and 
breadth.  It  extended  from  the  ocean,  inch'fmitely,  towards 
C'anada,  and  from  Ih'nnswick,  as  far  east  as  any  white  people 
eoiild  1)(!  found.  It  was  shortly  after  stated,  by  one  who  had 
the  means  of  knowing,  to  Ite  "one  hundred  miles  in  length, 
by  sixty  in  breadth."'  Few  roads  had  been  madi',  and  the  set- 
tlements being  on  the  banks  of  rivers  and  the  sea-coast,  tlie 
usual  mode  of  travelling  was  by  a  canoe.  At  this  time,  and 
in  fact  for  many  years  after,  county  roads,  connecting  one 
township  with  another,  were;  entirely  unknown.  In  summer, 
tilt!  canoe  held  the  place;  of  the  wheeled  carriage,  while  in 
winter,  the  icy  surface  of  the  frozen  river  formed  the  principal 
highway  for  the  sleigh,  and  even  for  the  ox-sled,  with  its  heavy 
load.'  It  is  evident,  that  it  would  be  beyond  the  power  of  any 
one  missionary  to  labor  successfully  in  all  parts  of  so  large  a 
field.  But  he  was  lial)le  to  be  called  on  for  services,  even 
beyond  the  limits  of  the  extensive  region  to  which  h(^  was 
appointed.  As  the  Church,  in  Portsmouth,  N.  II.,  was  the  first 
to  l)e  uu>t  with  in  travelling  to  Boston  from  these  eastern  parts, 
the  mission  may  be  said,  in  some  sense,  to  have  embraced  all 
that  was  then  settled  of  the  present  State  of  Maine. 

There  was,  at  that  time,  but  one  comity,  that  of  York,  whose 
limits  included  all  the  territory  east  of  Piscataqna  River.  On 
the  19th  of  June,  17()(),  two  new  counties  were  taken  from  this, 
the  more  easterly  one,  the  county  of  Lincoln,  having  Pownal- 
borough  for  its  shire  Town.  This  town  included  the  ancient 
plantation  of  Frankfort,  and  its  area  was  so  large,  that  it  was 
afterwards  divided  into  three  towns.f  In  th(!  succeeding  year, 
the  Plymouth  Company  erected  the  necessary  county  build- 
ings, one  of  which,  the  court-house,  three  stories  in  height,  is 
still  standing,  a  conspicuous  object  to  all  who  pass  on  the 
Kennebec. 

Mv.  Bailey  arrived  in  Powiialborough,  July  1st,  17G0.     He 


*  Sec  note  Da. 

t  Dresden,  Alna,  and  Wiscasset. 


I    i 


17(51.] 


LIFE     or     liEV.     JACOB     15AILKY. 


79 


roproscnts  the  majority  of  \hc  iiiliiibilaiits  as  rxtrcmcly  poor, 
and  very  ignorant,  witliont  llu;  means  of  eiilier  reliifioiis  or 
secular  instruetion.  lie  resided,  for  llie  first  few  months,  in 
tlie  family  of  Capt.,  (afterwarils  Major,)  Samuel  (uxxlwin, 
who  had  been  in  the  country  a  number  of  years,  as  a  surveyor 
and  militarv  oliieer. 


fV^'iwijJj^'-^^' 


But  littl 


[^'il■\v  111'  the  Ci)nvt-II()iiS'',  I'(iwii;ill)  irough,  M  linp.] 

■  is  to  be  found  touehina^  Mr.  Bailey's 


first 


year  s 


labor  as  missionary.  In  a  letter,  (|)robably  to  Florentius  Vas- 
sall,  V.M\.,  in  London,)  he  says:  "I  have  bi;en  al)out  two 
months  upon  the  s|iot,  have  travelled  through  most  of  the  set- 
tlemenls  upon  your  patent,  and  been  sixty  miles  up  the  iven- 
ueljee.  Frankfort  is  iu)w  called  Pownalborough,  and  has  in  it 
one  hundred  and  fifteen  families.*' 

After  the  court-house  was  built,  in  17(5 J,  it  was  used,  for 
many  years,  on  Sundays,  for  the  services  of  the  Church.  Pre- 
vious to  this,  these  services  must  have  been  held  in  the  chapel 
of  Fort  Richmond,  and  in  private  houses. 

The  inhabitants  of  Frankfort,  in  their  petition*  to  the  Ven- 


*  See  note  F-,  for  the  petition  entire. 


^1 


;  !: 


irm 


t  ,i 


80 


r  11  0  N  T  IKK       M  I  S  S  I  ()  N  A  I?  Y  ;     OR, 


[171)2. 


ci'iiblc  Society,  in  IT'tH,  for  a  missionary,  stated  that  "tliry 
have  iv  (il('l)o  of  300  Aercs  of  i;oo(l  Land,  wliicli,  with  their 
Contrii)ntions  in  Money,  will  nof  amount  to  h'ss  than  Cr20. 
Sterlin:;,  /irr  (iinuhn;  and  as  soon  as  tliey  enjoy  the  Blessiiii^ 
of  l*eaee,  they  will  i)nild  a  ('hm'ch  and  Pars()nai^(!  House, 
and,  in  die  mean  lime,  they  can  have  Ric/niioiiil  I'\)rt  for  an 
House  for  ihe  Minister,  an<l  the  Chapel  l)eh)ni,dnt(  to  it  for 
Divine  Serviee,  and  the  I"'arm  around  it  for  a  (riehe,'' 

Tlie  peoph',  from  their  poverty,  wen^  unal)h!  to  perform  the 
nromises  which  were,  no  doubt,  honestly  made ;  hut,  in  the 
spring  of  I7()l,  Mr.  lliiley  removed  to  Richmond,  and  received 
a  grant  of  the  use  of  the  land  around  the  fort,  to  draw  from  it 
whiit  jjrofit  he  could.  In  August  of  this  year,  Mr.  Hailey  was 
married  to  iNIiss  Sally,  fourth  daughter  of  Dr.  John  Weeks,  of 
Hampton,  N.  H.  The  lady  was  much  younger  than  himself. 
She  had  been  one  of  his  scholars,  when  he  was  teaching  in 
the  place  of  lu^r  residence,  and  uiuch  evidence  yet  remains 
+hat  he  was  very  assiduous  in  his  endeavors  to  implant  in  her 
young  mind  the  principles  of  morality  and  religion,  as  well  as 
to  improve  her  intellect  and  refine  her  manners.* 

In  170:2,  Rev.  Henry  Caner,  of  Boston,  wrotef  to  the  Society: 
"It  is  a  great  pleasure  to  me  to  hear,  as  I  have  repeatedly,  that 
Mr.  Bailey,  lately  sent  missionary  to  Kennebec,  is  highly  use- 
ful there,  by  his  diligence,  prudence,  and  exemplary  conduct. 
That  country,  though  a  frontier,  jx'oples  very  fast.  Had  they 
the  happiness  of  two  more  such  missionaries,  one  at  the  west- 
ern, the  other  at  the  eastern  l)oundary,  as  Mr.  Bailey  is  in  the 
centre,  the  whole  country  would  unite  in  one  profession,  with- 
out any  perplexing  disputes,  or  dillering  sentiments.  But  this 
is  a  matter  which  must  be  referred  to  the  wisdom  of  the  So- 
ciety." 

From  the  report  of  Mr.  Bailey  to  the  Society,  in  1762,  we 
learn,  that  a  gentleman  had  presented  to  the  parish  a  set  of 
Communion  ware,  and  that  the  congregations  were  on  the 
increase,  both  at  Pownalborough  and  Georgetown.     He  states, 


I 


*  See  note  F. 

t  Original  letter  quoted  in  Hawkins'  "  Historical  Notices  of  the  Missions  of  the 
Church  of  England,"  p.  231. 


1701.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     HAILET. 


SI 


tlitit  the  nnmhcr  of  commniiicaiits  is  already  abovo  fifty.  "  It 
gives  me  great  satisfaction,"  he  continues,  "to  find  Industry, 
Morality  and  Religion,  flourishing  among  a  People,  till,  of 
late,  abandoned  to  Disorder,  Vice  and  Profaneness,  which  Al- 
teration is  chiefly  owing  to  the;  Performance  of  Divine  Service, 
and  those  Pious  Tracts,  which  the  Society's  Pious  Care  has 
dispersed."  He  acknowledges  "the  Rcc«'ipt  of  a  great  Num- 
ber (,f  Catechisms  and  Conunon-Prayer  Pooks,  which  will  be 
of  great  Service  to  the  younger  Sort,  and  Promote  the  Decency 
of  Divine  VV\)rship."  However,  \\v  complains,  that  "the;  Mis- 
sion is  attended  with  great  Disadvantages,  from  the  Poverty 
of  the  People,  and  tlu;  Dilliculties  of  Travelling  in  the  Winter, 
when  the  Snow  is  sometimes  Five  or  Six  Feet  deep  for  several 
months.  If  a  Missionary  could  be  sent  to  Georg-c  Toirn^ 
ILirjtsv'i'//,  and  Places  adjacent,  it  would  lessen  these  Dillicul- 
ties, and  very  much  establish  Religion  among  a  People  whom 
he  is  obliged,  in  Winter,  to  leave  almost  destitute;  besides 
that,  another  Minister  would  give  him  an  Opportunity  to  do 
more  service  in  the  New  Settlements,  and  upon  the  neighbor- 
ing Rivers  of  S/ier/iscoft  and  Didiinrascofta.''^ 

In  connection  with  this,  occurs  the  following  record  :  "  The 
Society  have  also  received  a  Petition  from  the  Inhabitants  of 
(I'rorgc  Town  and  IlarpsvcU,  on  Kenncbeck  River,  dated  Dec. 
11th,  1701,  thankfully  acknowledging  the  Society's  charity  to 
them,  to  which  it  is  owing,  under  God,  that  a  sense  of  Religion 
is  j)rescrvcd  among  them;"  and  observing  "that  the  large 
Increase  of  a  poor,  industrious  People,  consisting  of  above 
7,000  Inhabitants,  (situated  in  a  New  Frontier  Settlement, 
with  not  one  Ordained  Minister  of  any  Denomination  except 
Mr.  Bailey,)  obliges  them  humbly  to  request  another  Mission- 
ary for  this  large  District.  This  favor  they  particularly  en- 
treat for  the  Inhabitants  of  Gcorgr.  Town  and  Harpsivelf,  which 
are  about  twenty  miles  from  Pou'nal borough,  where,  and  in  the 
neighborhood  of  which,  Mr.  Baileif  finds  so  full  Employment, 
that  he  can  afford  the  Petitioners  but  a  very  small  Proportion 
of  his  Service,  and  that  to  the  Detriment  of  the  Places  contigu- 
ous to  his  Settled  Abode.  In  Hopes  of  this  further  Increase 
11 


iil 


ii,:  , 


\l 


If ' 


i."     # 


!l 


9^' 


82 


r  II 0  N  T  I  i:  U    M  1  S  S  1  ()  N  A  u  Y  ;     oil, 


[17()o. 


of  tlic  SocictyV  Coinpiissioi),  tlicy  lisivc  hcf^Miii  to  hiiilsl  a 
Cliureli,  which  is  mow  in  <,'rt'iit  I-'orwiinlnc-s,  aiid  (•ii<i[;i,v'r,  in 
their  present  h)W  and  hiboriiMis  State,  to  give  the  .Missionary 
the  Society  sliaii  \n'.  pleased  to  send,  C2()  Slerlin;.,'  //rr  Aiiiiiint^ 
bnild  liini  a  Parsonage  Ih)ns<',  and,  as  tiieir  C'ircannstanees 
enlarge,  gives  liiin,  iVoni  'J'inie  to  Time,  snch  further  cncoin-nge- 
inent  as  may  he  Proof  how  highly  they  vahas  the  Jilessiiig 
they  now  j)etition  for." 

This  petition  is  accoin|)aniod  by  a  h'ttcr  from  the  l{ev.  .Mr. 
Cniicr,  minister  of  the  King's  ('Impel,  in  Moslon,  dated  .lime 
10th,  17()'2,  certifying  that,  "the  above  is  a  faithful  and  modest 
aceouui  of  the  C.ondition  of  the  I'eopje  on  Jxrnnrlitr/r  River, 
and  especiidly  at  Crori^r.  Toirii,  where  Mr.  Ihitlcij's  greati-st 
Diligence  is  utterly  insidlicient  to  answer  the  pressing  \eces- 
f^itics  of  that  People  in  regard  to  the  Mesuis  of  PnhlicU  Wor- 
ship, and  begging  such  Astsistancc  us  their  Circumritioices  do 
truly  call  for." 

In  ITtid,  an  Episcopal  Church  was  formed  in  Falmouth, 
now   Portland,  Maine. 

Ijiii  few  materials  remain  for  writing  a  detailed  account  i>f 
Mr.  Bailey's  life  during  the  ne.xt  five  years.'  That  he  was 
active  and  dev<.)ted  to  the  duties  of  his  Mission,  appears  from 
his  reports  to  tlu;  Society,  in  which  he  gives  ihe  num!)er  of 
baptisms  and  of  additions  to  the  Comniuinon.  In  conse- 
quence of  the  want  of  a  parsonage,  he  became  a  teiiant  of 
others,  and  was  obligi'tl  to  remove  his  family  more  than  once 
during  this  period,  ami  a  larger  part  of  the  time  he  resided  in 
Richmond,  while  the  services  of  the  Chnrcli  were  performed, 
and  most  of  his  parishioners  resided  in  Pownalborough,  on 
the   opposite  bide  of  the  river. 

From  the  2d  volume  of  "  The  Works  of  .Tohn  Adams,"  it 
seems  that  ho  made  a  journey  to  Pownalborough,  in  the  sum- 
mer t)f  17(j-'3.     No  mention  is  made  of  the  obicct  of  this  un 


H)iu'- 


u 


ey.     As  Mr.  Adams  was  then  in  the  practice  of  the  law,  it  is 
to  be  presumed  that  his  visit  to  these  eastern  parts  might  have 


*Sce  note  Ci. 


nr.i).] 


T.irr    ov    tm; V.    j.vcon    iiait, r.Y. 


.*^:3 


hccn,  to  Mttciid  1(1  some  case  to  lie  Jrird  at  llic  tcriii  >!'  the  court 
!i(l(l  ;il  I'ownalhoroiiLjli.  Mr.  .\(l;ims,  it  will  be  I'l  irmltcrcil, 
\V!I<  !l  cliissiiiiitc  of  Mr.  ]J. 

Till-  followiiiji;  j'xiriict  from  w  letter  iuldri-ssed  to  Mr.  IViiley, 
and  dated  Hostoil.  May  17tli,  I7<>(i,  is  of  interest,  as  eoneern- 
ini;  tlif'  history  of  tlie  ('linreji  in  \e\v  l''.ii;^daiid  : '  "I  iniisl 
inform  vtm  llial  the  ( "lerj^y  of  this  and  the  iieiyhhoiirinLj  'I'l-wns, 
liavini;  l)e«'ii  lOifeiJier  some  lime  iif^o,  ii|)oii  a  special  oe(  ision, 
agreed  upon  a  volimlary  .imiiia!  Convenlioii  of  the  wht.je  <  'ler:^'y 
of  thi-i  Province,  to  which  thi'  r>ish()|>  of  London  has  since  niveii 
his  Sanction.  The  day  iippoliite.l  for  this  yi'ar  i-^  'he  lir-t 
Wednesday  in  .rnne,  on  which  day  !"  re  will  be  a  Serrnon 
preached  hefore  them  at  ivinir's  Cjiaj)!'!  in  this  Town  ;  ;.  which 
you  are  doircd  to  he  present,  and  to  dine  with  ine  af  ef  Ser- 
mon. As  yo\i  have  few  op|)ortin,  les  of  mee*:..<jf  iii'd  r,  overs- 
i.iii;  with  your  l^rcthren,  T  dou!)t  imt  ;.  mi  A'ill  clieeitul!y  lay 
liold  of  this,  iind  taio  the  heneiit  o'"  :h;  hrotlierly  cone  pond- 
ciice  and  advice  which  such  an  occasion  atlbrds. 

''  1  am,  Dear  Sir, 

''  Vom*  allec.  Bro.  and  liuud)le  Servant, 

"  Jl.  {"vM.H."' 

In  his  letter  to  t!u,'  Society,  in  ITtid,  In-  ma!u  s  the  foliowing 
i^tatcmcnt  :  "  A  great  nnmhcr  of  Indians  frccpicnt  thi-  Xi'i^li- 
liourhood.  Tli(>y  'i'"*'  the  llemains  of  the  ancient  .\i>rrii/^'e- 
ird/i',-  'J'ribe,  and  lead  a  rambling  Life,  'I'hey  support  ilicm- 
^clvcs  cniiri'ly  by  hunting,  are  very  savagi-  in  their  !)|•e^s  and 
?\Ianners,  Inivij  a  Language  of  their  own,  but  imivcr.-ally  .--peak 


*  "  Wc  li;iv(.'  uiiw  to  rciii.uk  tlu'  coiriiiiciK  iMiuiit  o''  cli'iirts  t\ii-  the  l^itiii'  iji,;:niiza- 
tioii  (if  tlu'  Climcli.  It  IkuI  ';iHii  (It'tcniiiiu'd  hy  the  (•Ut','v,  who  I'olloWiil  tlii'  vin  sins 
of  Dr.  {'utlcr  to  the  sjnivc,  in  17()'),  to  h^ivc  an  aiiinnl  convention  at  UoNton,  with  a 
view  to  promote  mutual  love  imd  harmony  amonu  thi'nisclvcs,  and  to  as>i>t  •■  ich  other 
will)  ailvire  in  ilitficult  ciscs  The  jilni  "as  ai)iiro\c(l  by  llie  l{i>liop  oi'  I^ou.lon,  and 
tho  fir<t  nicptiiiEC  took  jilace  in  June,  I'li''  'i'he  apiiearanee  of  fourtt(  ;■  cliv-jiynien, 
vvalkiiis;  in  "heir  s^owns  and  cassocks  in  ]irocession  to  Churih,  was  a  novelty  in  America 
at  that  time,  and  was  calculated  to  create  an  impression  of  the  ini])ort.inci  <>l  the 
l)oily  to  which  tlioy  l)cloni;ed.  Dr.  C.mer,  »vlio  was  appointed  moderator,  prendied  tlie 
first  sermon  in  Kini^'s  Chapel."  f 

t  JIacsilchist,  June  27,  170'). 

//a/t'/ijHs'  AJinsion-s  ofthv  Cliurr/i  of  I'.miland,  \>.  2'Jl. 


I 


M 


m, 


■P! 


r 


rw 


84 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1767. 


lU' 


'  ■  i 


■\ 


I'ilf' 


' 

. 

'M  i- 

' 

■ 

,  ■' 

French,  and  alr^o  profess  the  Romisli  Religion,  and  visit  Canada 
once  or  twice  a  Year  for  Absolution.  They  have  a  great 
Aversion  to  the  En<j^Ush  Nation,  chiefly  owing  to  the  Influence 
of  Roman  Catholick  Missionaries,  who,  instead  of  endeavour- 
ing to  reform  their  Morals,  comply  with  them  in  their  most 
extravagant  Vice'<,  and  teach  tiiem  that  nothing  is  necessary 
to  eternal  Salvation,  but  to  believe  in  the  Name  of  C/irisf,  to 
acknowledge  the  Pope,  his  holy  Vicar,  and  to  extirpate  the 
English,  because  they  cruelly  murdered  the  Saviour  of  Man- 
kind, lie  concludes  on«!  of  his  Letters  with  a  Detail  of  the 
great  Things  Dr.  Gardiner,  a  Physician  of  Boston,  has  done, 
and  is  doing,  for  the  Church  of  England  in  these  Parts;  par- 
ticularly his  generosity  in  giving  the  People  o(  Poirnalboruui^/t 
the  use  of  Richmond  House  and  Farm  seven  Years,  for  IMr. 
Baife//'s  Improvement;  his  subscribing  largely,  and  soliciting 
a  Subscription  for  building  them  a  Church  and  Parsonage 
House;  his  publishing,  at  his  own  Expense,  an  Edition  of 
Bishop  Bcreridg'e\'i  Sermon  on  the  Excellency  of  the  Common 
Prayer,  which  has  been  dispersed  to  good  Purpose;  his  inten- 
tion to  give  a  Glebe,  build  a  Church  and  Parsonage  House, 
and  endow  it  for  the  support  of  an  Episcopal  Minister,  at 
Gardner^  Town." 

"From  Sept.  2Gth,  1764,  to  Sept.  29th,  1765,  Mr.  Bailey 
baptized  43  Infants  and  3  Adults;  and  from  Sept.  29th,  17()5, 
to  Sept.  23d,  17(56,  baptized  38  Infants  and  1  Adult ;  and  in 
each  Year  had  an  Addition  of  2  new  Communicants." 

The  clergy  of  Massachusetts  and  Rhode  Island  met  in  con- 
vention in  Boston,  June  6th,  1767.  They  drew  up  a  report  to 
the  Venerable  Society,  which  contained  notices  of  several 
missions  in  those  provinces.  This  report,  which  wa"  dated 
June  7th,  concluded  with  an  earnest  appeal  to  tlie  Society  for 
American  bishops.  Mr.  Bailey  signed  this  paper,  with  thirteen 
others  of  his  clerical  brethren.* 

Mr.  Bailey  wrote  to  his  brother-in-law,  Rev.  J.  Wingate 
Weeks,  Rector  of  St.  Mich.ael's  Church,  Marblehead,  Mass., 
under  date  of  November  13th,  1767,  as  follows  :     "  I  find  the 

*  Hawkins'  Historical  Notices,  etc.,  p.  39G. 


ITGT.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


85 


treasurers  at  CJeorgetown  are  dcteriiiiiied  to  prevent  ns  from 
drawing  the  rates  belonging  to  the  Chureli  jK'oph*,  unless  we 
can  recover  them  by  a  hvw-suit.  ]?y  what  I  can  lind  out,  there 
are  .£400  or  .£500  already  in  their  hands." 

The  original  Presbvrerian.  or  Conijreffational  Society,  in 
Georgetown,  was  destitute  of  a  minister  for  thirteen  years, 
commencing  with  ll-'i'Z.  During  that  time,  it  had  been  in- 
debted to  missionaries  of  the  Church  of  England  for  all  the 
regular  religious  services  which  it  enjoyed.  'J'he  place  was 
especially  included  in  the  mission  on  the  eastern  frontiers  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  and  was  visited  by  Mr.  Bailey  and  his 
predecessor,  as  often  as  was  practicable.  Indeed,  Mr.  Bailey 
states  that  he  had  "frecjuently  preached  there,  and  adminis- 
tered the  Sacraments,  and  found  the  Dissenters  so  much  in- 
clined to  the  Church,  that  had  they  a  Missionary  resident, 
they  would  probably  come  over  to  it." 

Under  such  circumstances,  the  withholding  of  these  rates, 
contributed  by  the  j)eople,  to  whom  the  town  was  indebted  for 
the  ordinances  of  religion  during  a  consideral)le  part  of  so 
long  a  time,  seems  to  be  inexcusable. 

Under  date  of  October  oOth,  17G7,  Mr.  Bailey,  in  his  report 
to  the  Society  P.  (J.,  et,-.,  "expresses  his  Satisfaction  to  lind 
that  the  poor  People,  who  petitioned  the  Society  for  a  Minis- 
ter, continue  steady  to  the  Church,  as  do  the  poor  Liilhirans 
and  Ca/i:iiiis(s,  and  most  of  the  young  Peojjle  among  the 
other  various  Denominations.  From  Oit.,  17()(),  to  Oc/..  !7(i7, 
he  baptized  31  Infants  and  1  Adult,  and  had  an  Addition  of  2 
new  Communicants.'' 

The  Secretary  of  the  Venerable  Society  wrote  Mr.  Bailey, 
towards  the  close  of  the  present  year,  and  stated  that  he  had 
been  informed,  by  a  person  who  had  visited  Pownalborongh 
some  months  before,  that  the  Church  people  in  that  town  "had 
not  yet  procured  a  house  for  him  to  live  in,  nor  had  hardly 
done  anything  in  pursuance  of  their  engagements  to  the  So- 
ciety." He  gives  Mr.  Bailey  credit  for  "his  great  tenderness 
for  his  people,  in  not  /iaking  any  mention  of  this  matter." 
Fearing  that  this  delinquency  might  have  "  put  Mr.  Bailey  to 
some  dilliculties,  and  desirous  to  give  him  some  present  relief, 
the  Society  ordered  him  a  gratuity  of  Ten  Pounds." 


y\ 


t:   i 


I 


H 


'' 


fs 


il     <: 


86 


F  R  o  N  T 1 1: 11    :\r  T  S  S  I  O  N  A  R  Y  ;    OR, 


rn()9. 


In  ilu!  course  of  ihc  next  yoar,  Mr.  E.iiley  roccivcd  an  invi- 
tation to  ri'move  to  Ani('sl)ury,  Mass.,  and  to  take  cliari^i'  of 
the  Chnrch  tliero.  Many  considerations  must  have  cons|)ired 
to  induce  Iiini  to  accept  this  invitation,  yet  he  (]eci(h-d  to  re- 
main in  that  remote  rei^icn),  arnoni^  the  j)oor  people  to  wlioin 
he  had  niinislercd  nearly  eii;ht  years. 

T!ie  Kev.  William  Willard  Vvh(>eler  entere.l  v.pan  (he  Mis- 
.sion  in  (ieori^etown,  dnrinji;  the  summer  of  this  year,  and  thus 


relieved   Air.  Bidlev  of 


■  onH>  ( 


)f  the  l;il)or  imposed  upon  him, 


in  visiting  and  ollicialing  at  a  place  some  miles  from  his  resi- 


tlencc. 

Some  measures  appear  to  liave  been  talvcn,  in  1709,  towards 
the  erection  of  a  ('hnrcSi  in  T'ownalhororigh.  I^r.  Silvester 
Ciardiner  interested  himself  much  in  the  enterprise.  lie  solic- 
ited su!)scriptions,  and  liini,--clf  contributed  largely.  In  a  let- 
ter to  .Afr.  I>ailey,  accompanying  tli'  plans,  Dr.  (Jardiner  says 
of  the  proposed  building:  "  It  will  !)e  oin\  of  the  prettiest  in  the 
Province,  and  not  expensive,  and  a  bigger  one  you  can't  build." 

The  prospect  of  the  erection  of  a  Clmrch  in  Pownalborough, 
seems  to  have  excited  th(>  opposition  of  a  few  of  the  citizens. 
The  following  letter  sunicienllv  ex|)Iains  itself:  — 

"  PowN-Ar.nouoicn,  March  '^Ist,  ITHO. 

»  To  Her.  JL:  lVa//n:  Bos/on  : 

"Dkak  Sir:  — The  bearer  of  this  l(>tter,  !\Ir.  Tlidall,  v/as  edu- 
cated  a  TiUtheran,  but  has,  for  some  yeiu's  pa>t,  been  a  com- 
municant in  1h(-  Church  of  Kngland.  He  ai)pcarcd  well 
allected  to  our  worship,  till  fh(>  Dissenters  lately  insinuated 
that  the  constitulion,  discipline  and  wor>hip  <:f  the  TiUlherau 
Church  agree  almost  exactly  with  the  Jndcpendants  of  this 
country,  and  are  in  no  respect  like  the  Church  of  iMigland. 
He  cannot  read  Eniflish,  but  vmderstands  Clerman  vcrv  well, 
and  by  perusing  some  authors  in  that  language,  declares  him- 
self satisfied  with  the  Church,  but  entreats  the  favor  that  you 
would,  i)y  a  line,  signify  which  is  nearer  to  the  jjutherans,  the 
Independants,  or  the  Church  of  England,  that  he  may  show 
it  for  the  s.itisfaetion  of  his  countrymen  here,  who  are  willing 
to  abide  by  your  determination." 


1771.] 


T.  I F  i:    o  Y   n  V.  V .    J  A  V  o  r,    n  a  i  l  e  y 


8' 


'JMic  building  of  ilic  cliuix-Ii  was  dflayctl  from  some  inu'x- 
plaiiK'd  cause,  and  il  was  not  liiiislicd  lill  tliu  autumn  of  llie 
sufcci'dinir  year.  Mr.  IJailvy  writes,  under  date  of  Novemljer 
'"/ill,  ITTO:  "  We  jierformed  service  yesterday  in  oiu"  new 
Chureli.  The  outside  is  eonipletely  (inisiied,  the  v,  nidows 
glazed  and  |)ut  up,  the  lloor  laid,  and  a  temporary  pu!j)il  built. 
I  bad  a.  full  eongreg'ition,  and  gave  them  a  discourse  iVom 
]v-clesiastes  v.  1  and  '2  \vy>v<."  The  church  was  called  St. 
John's  Church,  Powualborough.  Fn  writing  lo  the  yociety  in 
iMi^land,  he  savs  :  " '['!ie  dimensions  of  the  Chureli  ;u-e  sixty 
feet  in  length,  ineluding  the  chancel,  ;ind  thirty-two  feet  in 
breadth.  1  acknowledge  nol,  only  th((  genero-ity  of  i)r.  (lar- 
diner,  but  also  the  charitable  assistance  of  several  gen;le;iien 
in  .Alarblehead.  ;aid  other  places.  *<  ,.  1  have  received  no 
support,  except,  the  Society"-;  salary,  fva'  two  years  pasi,  and 
have,  besitles,  been  at  consiilerable  expense  in  forwarding  ihe 
Church."  And  again,  s|)eaking  of  the  Church,  he  stales  ihat 
"they  were  unu'h  obliged  for  it  to  ihe  liberality  of  i.)r.  (Jard- 
incr,  wln>  gave  X.')()  slerlinj^^  towar(!s  it.  lie  has  also  l)uili  a 
Church  at  (Jardiner's  Town,  nine  miles  up  ilu;  river,  upon  ihe 
banks  of  which  iU'c  near  oOl'  families,  destitute  of  ihe  public 
worship." 

The  Church  at  Pownalburough  was,  at  this  time,  only  liiied 
temporarily  for  j)ublic  Vvorship.  The  pews  were  afierwards 
erected.  On  ilic  ITili  .March,  ITTi,  .Mr.  l^ailey  wrote  lo  i)r. 
Gardiner:  "I  would  submit  to  your  consideration,  wlieiiier  it 
may  not  be  jiroper  to  have  something  done  to  our  Aliar  place, 
(sic,)  that  the  Sacrament  may  be  administered  wilh  grealer 
decency.  You  doubtless  recollect,  that  when  I  waited  noon 
your  Chmxh  Conmuttee  at  Mr.  Powell's,  Mr.  (lilljcrt  J)el)lois 
promised  that  lu;  would  give  us  a  Christening  Basin  antl  \'es- 
sels  for  the  Communion.  Would  it  be  auuss  to  remind  him 
of  it  !  " 

Late  in  tin;  f;dl  of  this  year,  Mr.  Bailey  writes:  '•  We  havc3 
been  removetl  into  tin;  parsonage-house  this  fortnight,  and 
have  one  rv)om  already  very  comfortable.  We  have  been 
obliged  lo  board  the  workmen,  and  must  still  keep  them  till 
they  hav(>  dt)ne  another  room,  and  secured  us  from  tlu;  wea- 


m  :  1 


ry- 


r 


lU 


w.  ■■ 


W  :      i 


1      ,:'. 

1'         ■' 

iil 

■■r.'' 

88 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1771. 


tlicr."  In  another  letter,  he  feels  called  upon  to  mention  the 
"kiiulness  of  the  peoph;  since  my  settlement  among  them,'' 
i.  e.,  removal  into  the  parsonage-house,  "for  yon  must  under- 
stand that  I  lived,  heretofore,  out  of  the  Parish." 

The  Memoir  of  Mr.  Bailey  has  now  been  brought  up  to 
what  may,  perhaps,  be  considered  as  a  turning  point  in  that 
part  of  his  life  which  was  passed  on  the  Kennebec.  We  have 
presented  but  a  l)rief  sketch  of  his  iiistory  dnring  the  first 
eleven  years  of  his  Mission.  This  brevity  has  been  caused  by 
the  absence  of  any  very  striking  events  dnring  this  time.  But 
an  opportunity  is  allbrded,  at  this  stage  of  his  history,  to  take 
a  general  view  of  men  and  tilings  around  him,  from  the  time 
of  his  coming.  The  materials  for  this  view  are  to  be  found, 
mainly,  in  one  of  his  MSS.,  written,  probably,  in  1771.  It  is 
entitled,  '"  Some  Account  of  the  first  Mission  on  Kennebec 
River,  with  various  transactions  relative  to  the  same,  since  my 
arrival,  in  17()0.     In  a  letter  to  a  friend." 

Si)eaking  of  the  condition  of  tlie  inhabitants  in  these  east- 
ern regions,  when  he  first  came  among  them,  Mr.  Bailey  says: 
"  The  people  were  thinly  settled  along  the  banks  of  rivers,  in 
a  country  which  aflbrded  a  rugged  and  disagreeable  prospect; 
^vere,  in  general,  so  poor,  not  to  say  idle,  that  their  families 
almost  sullered  for  necessary  food  and  clothing,  and  they  lived 
in  miserable  huts,  wliich  scarce  allbrded  them  slielter  from  the 
inclemencv  of  the  weather  in  a  rigorous  climate.  And  their 
lodgings  were  rather  worse  than  food,  clothing,  or  habitations. 
I  might  here  add  many  affecting  instances  of  their  extreme 
poverty,  —  that  multitudes  of  children  are  obliged  to  go  bare- 
foot throngh  the  whole  winter,  witli  hardly  clothes  to  cover 
their  nakedness,  —  that  half  the  houses  were  without  any 
chimneys,  —  that  many  people  had  no  other  beds  than  a  heap 
of  straw,  —  and  whole  families  had  scarce  anything  to  subsist 
upon,  for  months  together,  except  potatoes,  roasted  in  the 
ashes. 

"  Now,  is  it  probable,  that  the  inhabitants  of  such  a  wilder- 
ness country,  in  such  necessitous  circumstances,  and  so  far 
distant  from  any  large  town,  or  cultivated  region,  should  find 
means,    either  to  sujjport  the    Gospel,  or  to  provide    proper 


1771.] 


LIFE     or      REV.      JACOl^      BAILEY. 


8J) 


jiistnu^tion  for  their  cliildirn?  Ursidcs,  lliosc  who  were  l)oni 
and  cduciitcd  in  th('s(>  remote  jjiirts,  were  sso  littk'  iie(|iiaiiited 
with  any  relii^ious  worship,  iind  liad  so  K)ng  enjoyed  tlieir 
native  ignoranee,  that  they  diseovered  hardly  any  inclination 
for  rational  or  moral  improvement.  It  is  trne,  that  these  j)eo- 
])le  had  either  l)een  bronght  np,  heretofore,  where  the  Christian 
relii^ion  had  been  enjoyeil,  or  were  horn  of  sueh  parents  as 
acknowledged  the  (Jospel;  hut  how  many  mehmcholy  in- 
stances have  I  ohsi'rved  of  this  trnth,  —  the  impressions  of 
religion  and  morality  will  qnickly  grow  faint,  or  entirely  vanish, 
where  neitlier  schools  or  Divine  service  are  maintained.  'J'his 
I  most  positively  allirm,  that  when  J  came  to  this  conntry, 
there  was  no  settled  minister  of  any  denondnation  in  the 
whole  extensive  ti'rritory.  I  found  Cln-istians  of  eight  dill'er- 
cnt  jxa'suasioiis ;  multitudes  coidd  neither  read  nor  write; 
heads  of  families  were  nnbaptized  ;  some  had  a  very  weak  and 
imjxn'foct  nt)tion  of  a  future  state,  and  fancied  that  they  should 
enjoy  their  wives  and  children  in  another  world  ;  many,  1  may 
aild,  most  hous(>s  were  destitute  of  jjibh's,  or  any  t)ther  b(.)oks; 
they  had  no  settled  principles;  aiul,  in  short,  their  morals  were 
extremely  deficient.  *  *  *  *  I  would  therefore  ask-  all 
sober,  candid,  and  impartial  Christians,  whether  a  pet)ple,  so 
much  under  the  dominion  of  poverty,  ignorance  and  inmio- 
rality,  were  not  i)roper  objects  t)f  charity,  and  whether  the 
Society  for  Propagating  the  (lospel  in  T'oreign  Parts  has  done 
any  injury  ])y  supporting  a  Mission  for  so  many  years,  and  for 
dispersing,  by  my  hands,  Bibles  and  other  pious  l)ooks,  to  the 
amount  of  above  X'-ii)  sterling,  prime  cost,  in  London?  *^  * 
"  And,  ]  would  further  rennu'k,  that,  as  no  other  worship 
has  ever  been  established  at  Franlifort,  but  thai  of  the  Eng- 
lish Church,  it  cannot  be  removed  without  prejudice  to  the, 
foreigners,  as  well  as  the  chiklren  and  yomiger  people,  who 
have  been  constantly  used  to  our  service,  and,  as  many  of  them 
caimot  read  English,  they  are  incapable  of  understanding,  so 
as  to  profit  by  any  other.  I  am  conscious  that  my  intentions 
in  coming  among  this  people,  were  to  servi>  them  in  the  ])est 
manner  I  was  able,  and  I  Hatter  myself  that  in  many  instances 
they  have  received  some  advantage.  I  have  ever  compassion- 
12 


WJW 


^'1 
i' 

\      '  ! 

1    '■ 

:! 

'i\        I       I- 
"  i        '        - 


"M  n 


• 


l.uUL^;.  J 


90 


FRONTIER     ^r  I  S  S I O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1771. 


atetl  their  poverty,  and  liave  been  f*o  far  from  malving  any 
demands  upon  them,  that  I  have  shared  with  them  in  many 
hardships  and  dilliculties.  As  to  the  French  and  Dutch,  I 
have  found  tl)em,  in  general,  a  sober,  honest  and  industrious 
set  of  people;  and,  notwitiistanding  some  have  been  indncc^d 
to  sign  for  a  Meeting,  yet  they  all,  except  one  or  two  Calvin- 
ists,  declare  that  they  had  rather  adhere  to  the  Chiu-ch,  and 
besides,  they  acknowledge  that  their  ministers,  when  they  left 
Germany,  strongly  recommended  their  joining,  if  possil)le, 
with  the  Chnrch  of  England.  It  appears,  upon  the  whole, 
very  hard,  and  is  just  matter  of  complaint,  that  in  a  land  of 
religious  liberty,  and  under  a  government  where  all  religions 
are  tolerated,  any  should  be  teased  and  persecuted  on  account 
of  their  j)articuiar  modes  of  worship.  Yet  this  is  really  the 
case  at  Pownalborough  ;  for,  can  a  poor,  ignorant  man  be  at 
liberty  to  act  his  sentiments,  when  he  is  continual'y  persuaded, 
entreated,  reasoned  with,  and  perhaps  threatened  by  a  gentle- 
man of  learning,  wealth  and  inllaence,  to  whom  he  may  pro- 
bably be  indebted  ? 

"  As  I  observed  before,  upon  my  first  arrival  in  this  country, 
I  found  no  settled  minister,  and  not  only  a  great  deal  of  igno- 
rance, but  a  considerabh;  degree  of  backwardness  and  iudisj)o- 
sition  to  attend  Divine  service  among  people  of  every  denomi- 
nation. This  was  i)artly  owing  to  the  dilliculty  of  travelling, 
partly  to  the  want  of  decent  clothing,  but  chielly,  I  conceive, 
to  the  want  of  a  due  sense  of  religious  worship,  for  such  as 
had  been  used  to  spend  the  Lord's  day  in  idleness  and  loiter- 
ing at  home,  could  not  suddenly  prevail  upon  themselves  to 
reform,  especially  as  there  was  some  dilliculty  and  expense  in 
the  alVair.  Few  had,  however,  much  to  object  against  tlic 
Church  of  England,  and  I  was  frecpiently  assured,  by  tlu;  old- 
est and  most  religious  settlers,  that  if  Missions  were  estab- 
lished at  convenient  distances,  especially  upon  Kennebec 
Eiver,  in  such  a  manner  as  people  might  generally  attend  ser- 
vice, that  it  would  meet  with  ahuost  universal  acceptance,  and 
conduce  greatly  to  serve  the  interest  of  religion  and  morality. 
These  sentiments,  so  often  proposed,  together  with  the  increas- 
ing demand  for  my  labors,  induced  me  to  write  in  favor  of 


1771.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


01 


new  [Missions,  and  at  length  one  was  ("stablislied  at  (Jeorgc- 
town.  While  I  resided  at  l<'rankt\)rt,  I  observed,  with  concern 
and  compassion,  that  the  French  and  Dutch  children  were 
likely  to  be  brought  up  in  ignorance,  for  want  of  a  school. 
This  induced  me  to  otVer  to  instruct  them  gratis,  but  travel- 
ling was  then  so  very  dillicnlt,  and  many  wen^  in  such  neccf*- 
sitous  circumstances,  that  I  had  but  a  very  few  scholars,  and 
when  winter  came  on,  nothing  of  this  kind  could  be  continued, 
and  iii  the  spring,  I  was  obliged  to  change  my  lodgings,  and 
reside  at  Richmond,  on  the  other  side  of  the  river.  The  lirst 
summer  of  my  iNIission,  I  oliieiatcd  at  (ieorgetown  every  third 
Sunday,  and  was  constrained  to  endure  a  great  deal  of  hard- 
ship and  fatigue,  being  obliged  to  travel  by  water  no  less  than 
eighteen  miles.  Once,  I  rememi)er,  on  the  last  of  November, 
after  being  eight  hours  on  the  water,  in  my  way  to  ( Jeorge- 
town,  without  anything  either  to  eat  or  drink,  it  was  my  mis- 
fe)rtune  to  be  lost  in  tlie  Vv'oods,  where  I  was  exposed  all  night 
in  the  open  air  to  a  most  severe  storm  of  wind,  rain,  thunder 
and  lightning.  And  commonly,  in  my  journeys  to  and  from 
Georgetown,  I  sullered  a  great  deal  with  Ininger,  cold  and  wet, 
and  in  the  summer,  was  often  alllicted  with  extreme  heat,  and 
assaulted  with  armies  of  (lies  and  musketoes.  Sometimes, 
for  a  whole  season  together,  I  have  been  obliged  to  undertake 
this  little,  but  dillicnlt  voyage,  alone, —  have  had  the  misfor- 
tune to  be  cast  away  by  tlie  violence  of  winds  and  waves,  and 
to  travel,  for  miles  together,  through  the  woods,  over  rocks  and 
precipices,  with  my  books  and  habit,  having  nothing  to  eat 
from  morning  to  night.  I  think  every  one  must  acknowledge 
that  it  required  no  small  degree  of  resolution,  prudence  and 
patience,  as  well  as  strength  of  constitution,  to  conduct  mat- 
ters properly  among  such  an  ignorant  and  unsteady  people, 
and  to  go  through  the  fatigues  of  travelling  in  such  a  rough 
and  wilderness  country." 

Had  Mr.  Bailey  been  obliged  to  contend  only  with  the  igno- 
rance of  the  poor  people  among  whom  he  was  settled,  he 
might  have  pursued  his  arduous  labors  with  some  satisfaction. 
Like  others,  who  have  addressed  themselves  to  the  work  of 
extending  the  Gospel  to  those  who  were  benighted,  he  would 


WTT' 


'i9  ' 

P'  '' 

^     ■ 

1    ■  J. 

i-   ^. 

■  ■  *  ■ 

1    J 

' 

kiia 

iii^ 

09 

1' */ 


r R o N Ti i: R   :\n s s  T o x  a r  y  ;    or, 


[1771. 


liavo  Ix'on  clK^orcd  with  tlic  rvidcMit,  tli()n!j:1i  jXM-liaps  gradual, 
iiiiprovcmcnf  of  tlio  snhjcfts  of  liis  clian^a-,  and  lie  could  dio 
content,  in  the  consoionsncss  of  having  labored  in  the  early 
stages  of  !i  work,  which  others  might  hv.  privileged  to  carry  on 
towards  jx-rfection.  TFe  could  look  for  an  increasing  nttacli- 
niont  on  the  part  of  those  for  whosc^  benefit  he  had  sacriliced 
so  much,  and  feel  that  ho  would  l)e  loved  while  livitjg,  and 
that  his  mcinory  wonld  be  ri'vered  when  ho  was  di>ad. 

JJut  the  csfablisluneiit  of  the  conrls  in  Pownalborongli,  in 
17(51,  introduced  a  new  clement  into  the  society  of  the  place. 
The  sliiro  town  bocume  the  temporary  or  settled  n^sidonce  of 
the  comity  ollicers,  and  gentlemen  of  the  legal  |)rofession. 
This  at  once  created  an  aristocracry,  small  indee'd  in  nnml)ers, 
but  of  controlling  inlhience.  In  education,  ])roi)erty,  and 
power,  these  ])ersons  had  immensely  the  advantage  of  the 
poor  settlers.  True,  the  minister  was  entitled  to  rank  with 
this  class.  If  he  could,  consistently  with  his  duty,  tlrinlc  and 
act  with  thoni,  his  situation  would  b(^  |>leasant.  But  if  he  felt 
ol)liged  to  diller  from  them,  they  could  render  his  situation 
very  uncomfortable. 

We  should  bear  in  mind,  as  accounting,  in  some  degree,  for 
what  is  to  follow,  that  the  scene  of  the  transactions  was  on 
the  c.f/rnni/i/  of  the;  then  Province  of  Massachusetts,  and  that 
from  the  dilliculty  of  travelling  in  those  days,  it  was  further, 
])ractica]|y,  from  Boston,  than  it  now  is  from  the  capital  of  the 
nation. 

This  rcrnotcnoss  from  communities  of  greater  advancement, 
which  almost  amounted  to  isolation,  j)ermitted  ;i  great  abuse 
of  power.  Amid  the  ])ovi'rty  which  so  generally  j)rcvailed  in 
this  region,  few  would  dare  to  oppose,  in  any  way,  the  wishes 
of  men  of  wealth  and  inilnence,  to  whom,  perhaps,  many  were 
indebted  for  supplies  for  their  families,  and  who,  having  a  part 
in  the  administration  of  the  law,  might  hiirass  and  even  ruin 
an  obnoxious  individual.  Mr.  Bailey  found  this  to  be  true. 
It  was  his  misfortune  to  incur  the  ill-will  of  some  of  these 
olFicials.  Two,  in  particular,  distinguished  themselves  by  their 
enmity  to  him.  One  of  them  was  excited  mainly,  no  doubt, 
by  the  other,  who,  it  would  seem,  left  but  little  untried  io  ruin 


1772.] 


LIFE     OF     RFV.     JAfOB     BAIT.FY. 


nn 


Mr.  ]?ailoy,  and  to  I)roak  np  tlic  C'lmrch  in  tliiit  r('ij;ioii.  Tlir> 
vriDics  of  lliorH'  persons  will  not  bt*  j^ivtMi.  In  withholding  thi'ir 
niinics,  thn  writer  i.s  aware  that  there  is  no  want  of  |)rovocatioii 
to  a  (lifFerent  course.  Tlu;  ronduet  of  the  persons  s|)oken  of, 
while  it  distressed  the  missionary  in  tliis  region,  had  of  neces- 
pity  no  small  elVeet  on  the  interests  of  the  Church.  As  it  will 
be  necessary,  freipiently,  to  refer  to  these  persons,  vre  shall 
designate  the  ])rincipal  as  M.  and  his  subordinate  as  N. 

Mr.  Ijailey  riMxirds  some  of  the  doings  of  .M.  in  his  journals. 
lie  brings  charges  against  him  of  ungentleinanly  and  even 
indecent  conduct,  and  of  oppression,  in  his  letters  to  his  cor- 
respondents, some  of  whom,  at  least,  were  accpiainted  with  the 
subject  of  these  charges,  lie  makes  distinct  statements  re- 
specting this  man  in  his  reports  to  the  Society  for  Propagating 
the  (iospel  in  Foreign  Parts,  and  complains  grievously  of  him 
by  name  in  a  memorial  addressed  to  the  Convention  in  Boston, 
in  1772.  Not  a  lino  is  found  among  Mr.  JJailey's  j)apers, 
which  tends  to  show  that  his  opinion  of  M.  was  a  mis1ak(Mi 
one.  Those  of  his  correspondents  who  jxjssessed  the  means 
of  correcting  these  statements  if  they  were  erroneous,  make  no 
attempt  to  do  so,  and  the  inference  is  that  they  were  correct. 
Mr.  Bailey  says,  in  "  A  Letter  to  a  friend,"  cVc,  which  has  be<>n 
before  cjnoted  :  "  x\.s  I  j)rese!itly  fountl  that  M.  still  professed 
himself  a  Dissenter,  I  seldom  entered  into  any  controversy 
with  him  about  our  diilerent  persuasions,  and  he  as  cautiously 
avoided  beginning  any  dis|mte  with  \nv.  He  used  sometimes 
to  attend  Divine  Service,  but  more  frcMpuMitly  tarried  at  home, 
and  when  he  attended,  commoidy  behaved  with  a  great  deal 
of  irreverence,  esjiecially  at  prayers."  *  *  *  *  "  I  liad, 
presently,  suflicient  evidence  that  he  used  all  his  endeavours  to 
prejudice  the  iiunds  c)f  the  people  against  the  services  of  the 
Church,  that  he  condemned  several  parts  as  directly  contrary 
to  Scripture,  and  made  an  open  ridicule  of  others,  which  he 
was  not  able  to  confute.  And  when  I  received  a  number  of 
Common  Prayer  Books  from  the  Society,  he  took  the  liberty 
to  scratch  out  several  sentences  in  all  that  he  could  procure  to 
his  hands."  *  *  "  From  the  beginning,  as  I  have  already 
observed,  he  was  very  negligent  in  his  attendance  upon  public 


:ii 


I     !,i 


:■  ri. 


iili-*.l 


FT 


94 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1772. 


I  i 


:  ( 


worship,  and  wlioii  pr(»sent,  lie  generally  hi'Iiavod  with  t,'roat 
indecency,  contrivinj^',  l)y  a  iiiultitiule  of  boyish  triciis,  to  make 
thcMvoiTien  smile;  and  sometimes  hehastaivcn  a  primer,  instead 
of  a  Prayer  liook,  and  read  out  of  it  with  an  audible  voice. 
M.  was  always  extremely  Indnstrions  in  prociirinj?  from 
Boston,  aud  other  jjlaees,  all  the  little,  dirty  pieces  that  have 
apjieared  against  the  (^hurch  of  England,  esj)ccially  '  The 
Dissenting  (Jentleman's  Answer  to  Mr.  White's  three  Letters,'* 
the  very  title  of  which  allVighted  simple  peo|)le  from  the  ('hiirch, 
and  prevented  them  from  attending  the  service.  Theses  books 
he  used  to  recommend  and  put  into  the  hands  of  all  disail'ected 
persons."  *  *  «  "  INIaiiy  low,  dirty,  and  scandalous  ri'iiiarks 
have  been  written  by  this  gentleman,  both  in  the  great  IJible 
and  Common  Pravcr  Book,  used  in  Divine  service.  Instead 
of  nuiney,  i\I.  used  often  to  put  into  the  contribution  box,  soap, 
scraps  of  paper,  news  letters,  and  once  a  pack  of  cards.  It  is 
to  be  observed  that  all  this  was  done  before  the  least diHerenee 
subsisted  between  us.  I  bore  all  this,  with  many  ])ersonal 
reflections,  without  expressing  the  least  resentment,  either  to 
him,  or  to  any  other  person."  *  *  "  i\I.  took  the  liberty  of 
dispersing  several  C.'onunon  Prayer  Books,  without  my  knowl- 
edge, having  first  corrected  them  agreeable  to  liis  taste,  and 
when  I  afti'rwards  reproved  him  for  the  liberty  he  had  taken 
with  me,  l>oth  in  a  public  and  private  capacity,  he  replied  that 
he  had  treated  me  just  as  I  deserved,  and  as  for  those  things 
he  had  eras(!d  from  the  Prayer  Book,  they  ought  not  to  be  in 
it.  This  he  attended  with  a  loud  and  contemptuous  laugh  ; 
but  these  were  but  the  beginnings  of  that  temper  and  disposi- 
tion of  mind  he  has  since  discovered.  lie  has  laboured  all  in 
his  power  to  ruin  uiy  interest,  to  prevent  my  usefulness  amoiig 
the  people  ;  he  has  unjustly  and  falsely  wounded  my  re|)uta- 
tion  ;  has  been  contriving  to  make  the  most  fatal  mischief  in 
my  family,  and  labouring  to  stir  up  lawsuits  against  me.  And 
that  he   might  uiore  ellectually  accomplish   his  iniquitous  de- 


*  This  work  must  have  had  a  wide-spread  circulation,  since  the  llcv.  Devcreux 
Jarrat  states  that  at  the  time  his  attention  was  turned  towards  the  ministry  of  tiie 
Church  of  England,  this  book  was  put  into  his  hands,  in  Virginia,  the  place  of  his 
residence. 


f 


1772.] 


LIFE    or     UEV.     JAfon     HAILEY. 


or, 


siij;iis,  (lid,  in  my  absnico  nt  Cli'ori^ctowii,  open  my  desk,  Jiiid 
take  out  divLTri  ptipcrs,  which  h(!  spread  abroad  with  invidious 
remarks  and  comments,  to  my  great  damage.  As  to  N.,  ho 
was  once  a  communicant,  hut  it  appears  at  the  instigation  of 
JNI.,  has  h'ft  the  pul)iiek  worship  for  several  years,  and,  though  I 
have  frecinentiy  written  to  him  with  the  utmost  complaisance, 
and  signilied  my  earnest  desire  after  a  reconciliation,  yet  lie 
still  continues  inexorable,  and  treats  both  me  and  my  letters 
with  tlu!  utmost  contetiij)!,  Upon  the  whole,  f  am  fidly  con- 
vinced that  the  above  '.nentioned  genlh'men  have  always, 
notwithstanding  their  j)retensions,  been  enemies  to  the  Church  ; 
have,  in  artful  manner,  plotted  against  the  Society's  Mission, 
and  secretly  endeavoured  to  banish  that  generous  bounty  from 
these  parts." 

"  I  have  never  received  any  salary  from  the  people.  My 
penpiisites,  such  as  marriages,  contributions,  \c.,  have  not 
amounted,  take  om;  year  with  another,  to  M-'O,  old  tenor,  and 
the  last  two  years  they  have  iu)t  been  :C:20,  In-sides  j)resents 
from  particular  persons,  which  is  not  so  much  as  I  have  to  pay 
for  house  rent.  I  had,  indeed,  the  improvement  of  Richmond 
Farm,  through  the  bounty  of  Dr.  (iardiner,  for  seven  years, 
but  the  inhabitants  of  Pownalborough,  especially  people  of 
su])stance,  almost  destroyed  the  whole  profit  by  large  ilroves 
of  wild  horses  and  cattle,  which  no  fenoe  could  resist  which 
we  were  able  to  make.  And  though  Mr.  MacClennachan  was 
paid  for  the  pasturing  of  creatures,  I  never  had  but  one 
dollar,  which  a  poor  man  gave  me,  while  my  rich  neighbours 
never  afforded  me  a  farthing,  even  when  their  cattle  had  de- 
stroyed both  my  hay  and  garden.  Every  winter  since  my 
arrival,  there  has  been  a  proposal  on  foot  for  building  a  meet- 
ing-house, though  they  were  never  able  so  much  as  to  begin, 
before  the  present  year,  and  all  the  success  of  their  proceedings 
is  now  owing  to  the  false  and  malicious  representations  of  two 
or  three  gentlemen.  *  *  I  have  long  been  convinced,  by  the 
proceedings  of  our  gentlemen,  that  it  piques  their  pride  to  have 
any  other  minister  than  one  of  their  own  choosing ;  they  are 
really  too  self-suflicient  to  receive  one,  even  from  the  most 
respectable    and    judicious   body    of    men,    and    are    above 


!' 


wmr 


J^ 


iVHil 


If,., 

I!:*;  I '  i 


(        t 


I    i  J 


|li 


i'lii 


■  !   •■ 


96 


I"  u o  N  r  1 1;  u     M  I  s  s  I  (I  N  A  H  V  ;    o  u , 


[1,, 


TV) 


uckiiDwIi'd^'lii^  llii'iii-clvcs  iinlchtnl  tit  any  Society  of  Clirist- 
iiiiis  for  till'  Mi|)|)i»rt  of  their  relif^'ioMs  wor-^liii).  I  imi.-l  add, 
that  hulii  \.  ami  .M.  have  h)llg  t'Iii|)li»yed  all  tlieii'  ililliieiiee 
niid  aullionty,  to  prevent  i);'(i|)le  iVoni  attending'  Divine  Servii-e, 
cspei-ially  the  latter,  who  |)rohil)its  jus  servants  from  corMing 
to  eliureh.  And  tlii'v  not  only  eonlrixc  means  to  hinder  others, 
lail  liaxc  practieed  a  iiiiillilude  of  strataju;enis  to  keep  pie  a1 
home,  since  I  moved  over  to  the  we-tern  side  of  the  river,  !)y 
di'tainini;:  every  I'oat  and  canoe  tliev  can  'm-\  into  their  imwer. 
And  especially  last  Ivaster,  lliat  I  miijhl  not  he  al)le  to  olliciate, 
they  came  the  Wechiesday  hefore,  with  a  ninnln'r  of  men  and 
cattle,  hroke  two  locks,  seized  a  canoe  in  my  care,  and  carried 
it  oil",  it  heini,'  the  only  one  on  this  side  (it  to  lannch  into  the 
Avater  when  the  river  openi'd.  IJut  it  is  dhservahle  that  our 
common  people  were  never  disposed  to  follow  the  example  of 
(.)in"  gentlemen  ;  they  were,  on  the  other  hand,  ahimdantly  mon; 
kind  and  generons  after  their  i-mnity  l)eii[an,  and  more  constant 
in  their  attendance  on  pnhliek  worship.  A!y  I'ongri'gation,  in 
"ood  wt'ather.  has  been  near  a  third  lar-'cr  since  ho  ahovi;  left 
going  to  chnrcli.  In  a  woril,  1  am  pcrsnadi-d  that  these  gen- 
tlemen had,  from  the  beginning,  a  s(Mtled  design  of  driving 
away  the  .Mission  from  I'ownalborongh,  and  in  t)rdi>r  to  ellect 
this  meritorious  design,  they  have  stuck  at  nothing,  howi-ver 
luijust,  fe.lse  anil  injurious;  hut  as  this  could  not  easily  be 
aecom|)lishcd,  my  charai-tcr  and  inlluence  must  be  sacrificed 
to  their  favorite  views." 

Mr.  Jiailey  had  hardly  removed  into  the  i)arsonage-honse, 
(wliicli  was  oidy  partially  linished.)  when  M.  claimed  the  hind 
on  which  both  the  parsonage  and  the  church  were  built.  He 
"proceeded  so  far  as  to  threaten  the  people  if  they  went  to 
church  ;  he  declared  that  he  wntuld  build  a  chimney  in  it,  (i.  e., 
the  church,)  and  phiee  a  tenant  on  the  land.''  TIk;  origin  of 
this  claim  is  somewdiat  obscure.  xVs  near  as  can  now  l)e  as- 
certained, it  seems  to  have  been  this:  A  person  who  had 
been  an  ollicer  in  the  Church  at  Pownalborough,  and  whoso 
general  conduct,  both  before  and  after  this  transaction,  ap|)ears 
to  have  been  friendly,  claimed  the  land,  as  administrator  of 
the  estates  of  some  persons  deceased.     This  is  the  more  re- 


f^J 


17T'2.] 


LITE   OF    11  Kv.   J  A  con    hailkv. 


})7 


markahlo,  as  INIr.  liailcy  says  not  only  that  "Dr.  Ciardiii'^r  put 
Uic  ill  possession  of  tlu'  land  al)ov('  two  years  since,"  l)iit  that 
the  a(hninistrator  al)ovo  referred  to,  "on  my  first  arrival, 
showed  me  this  tract,  as  the  parsona^e-h)t,  employed  pi'oph; 
th(^  next  year  to  work  on  it  as  such,  and  gave  me  leave  to  have 
the  hnildings  erected  n|)on  it."  How  the  claim  was  translerred 
to  ,M.  docs  not  appear.  Hnt  when  it  passed  into  his  hands, 
he  lost  no  tiiiK!  in  his  cH'orts  to  obtain  the  land.  A  suit  at  law 
for  its  possession,  instituted  by  M.,  was  decided  in  his  i'avor, 
and  judii;mont  was  obtained.  Dr.  (Jardiner  was  written  to  on 
the  subject,  who  replied:  '"July  -2:2(1,  177:2.  •  •  If  they 
serve  an  Execution  it  is  at  their  peril,  and  don't  resist  the 
ollicer,  but  go  to  lodgings,  leaving  everything  in  the   house 

•  iiul  you.  Remember  what  T  now  write;  if  they  serve  an 
Execution  on  your  house,  or  the  Church,  you  will  make  the 
best  voyag(;  you  ever  did  in  your  life,  for  they  and  all  their 
coadjutors  can  never  make;  the   land  where  the   Church   and 

your  house  stands  to  be,  or  ever  was,  any  part  of 's  estate, 

more  than  they  can  prove  the  sun  to  be  green  cheese:  there- 
fore I  beg  to  hear  no  more  of  this  allair,  until  you  are  carried 
by  the  sheritl'  out  of  the  house,  and  then  I  will  see  justice 
done  ])oth  to  you  and  the  Church;  but  this,  you  may  depend, 
will  never  be  attemijted."' 

i\reanwhile,  the  members  of  the  congregation  became 
alarmed  that  the  church  and  parsonage,  whicii  had  been 
obtained  with  so  much  exertion,  (and,  as  Mr.  Bailey  says,  by 
great  sacrifices  on  their  part,)  should  be  jilaced  in  a  situation 
apparently  so  perilous.  Inlluenced,  probably,  by  their  api)re- 
liensions,  Mr.  Bailey,  being  threatened  by  JNI.,  concluded  to  take 
a  lease  of  him  for  six  months,  which  was  afterwards  renewed 
for  three  months  longer.  Mr.  Bailey  undoubtedly  believed 
that  this  course  was  the  most  expedient  for  him  to  take.  But 
it  unfortunately  excited  the  anger  of  Dr.  Gardiner.  The  mat- 
ter was  brought  even  before  the  Convention  of  Massachusetts, 
and  caused  some  angry  debate,  but  was  finally  dropped.  Mr. 
Bailey  states,  most  explicitly,  that  he  acted  under  the  advice 
of  judicious  lawyers  in  this  matter,  who,  as  the  case  then  ap- 
13 


!!' 


.';      I-; 


I 


Hll 


WfV 


5'    M  I 


1%'     ■■ 


I: 


*  .' 


* 


Ifji    i   ■       I 


98 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1772. 


peared,  tlu^nglit  that  lie  could  not,  on  an  appeal  1o  a  higher 
coiu't,  get  the  jiidginent  reversed.  A  more  accurate  survey, 
afterwards,  showed  that  "the  Church  and  thh'ty-five  acres  of 
land  were  without  the  limits  of  the  administrator's  claim;  the 
parsonage-house  was  found  to  be  on  land  of  which  ]\I.  gav(5 
him  no  lease,*'  while  the  grant  from  the  I'lynioulh  Company 
was  not  included  in  the  tract  claimed  by  INI.  The  mailer  was 
shortly  after  settled  by  the  instrumentality  of  Dr.  (Jardiner,  and 
the  tiile  to  the  glebe  was  not  again  disputed. 

Whether  or  not  jM.  was  honest  in  his  part  of  this  business, 
cannt)t  now  l>e  decided.  The  allair,  however,  gave  Mr.  J>ailey 
much  uneasiness,  and  seemed,  at  one;  time,  to  be  likely  to  be 
fatal  to  his  j)rospects.  There  were  not  wanting  circumstances, 
however,  to  encourage  him,  for  he  reports  to  the  Society  "that  of 
the  forty-nine  ))ersons  baptized  in  the  year  177:2,  twenty-one  had 
belonged  to  the  families  of  rigid  Dissenters.  On  Trinity  Siuulay 
I  had  live  n(>w  Conununicants,  all  educated  Presbyterians."' 

Rev.  William  W.  Wheeler  resigned  his  INlissioii  in  G(v)rge- 
town  in  the  spring  of  1772.  This  not  only  deprived  Mr.  Bailey 
of  the  occasional  counsel  .  , -^  assistance  of  the  only  Church 
minister  in  Maine,  but  threw  the  whole  burden  of  that  iMission 
again  upon  him,  from  which  he  had  been  relieved  during  the 
four  y(>;u-s'  incumlx'ncy  of  INlr.  Wheeler. 

Rev.  William  Clailv,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Dedlnun, 
Mass.,  wrote  Mr.  Bailey,  under  date  of  July  10th,  177:2,  with  a 
view  of  obtaining  the  parish  at  Georgetown.  Mr.  C.  was 
induced  to  think  of  this  on  account  of  the  "support  of  the 
Mission"  at  Dedham,  being,  at  that  time,  "too  scanty,''  and 
likely  thus  to  remain,  till  "the  estate  in  reversion''  fell  in. 
Dr.  Caner,  of  Boston,  was  favorable  to  Mr.  Clark's  intentions. 
But  noUiing  appears  to  have  been  done  in  the  matter. 

The  following  extract  from  a  letter  of  Mr.  Bailey,  is  part  of 
the  early  history  of  a  parish  now  arrived  at  a  condition  of 
much  strength  and  prosperity:  — 

"1  have  lately  (August  lOtli,  1773)  dedicated  the  nevv'' 
Church  at  Gardinerstown,  nine  miles  uj)  the  river,  and  i';e 
people  are  very  urgent  for  my  preaching  frequently  among 


1773.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     I3AILEY. 


99 


them.  I  have  likewise  received  sevcrnl  invitations  from 
Georgetown,  tint  I  cannot  possibly  answer  all  these  demands 
without  neglecting  my  own  people." 

The  matter  of  M.'s  claim  to  the  glebe  was  arranged  as 
above  stated.  INIr.  Bailey  writes  to  a  friend,  Ihat  "the  settle- 
ment of  our  Parsonage  has  given  us  high  spirits,  but  a  mortal 
chagrin  to  our  enemies." 

This  active  persecutor,  however,  was  not  yet  discouraged. 
The  Chnrch  was  incorporated  by  the  CJeneral  Court  in  J773, 
and  a  parish  meeting  was  called  in  the  spring  of  that  year,  by 
]\r.  and  N.,  during  the  absence  of  the  two  wardens  and  of 
]M;ijor  (Joodwin.  The  warrant  contained  but  two  articles, — 
First:  to  choose  a  moderator.  Second:  to  choose  a  parish 
clerk,  assessors,  and  a  committee  for  managitig  parish  alFairs. 
All  freeholders  and  other  inhabitants,  legally  qualified  to  vote 
in  town  meetings,  were  required  to  attend.  From  the  titles 
given  to  some  of  the  ollicers,  e.  g.,  "committee  for  managing 
parish  alfairs,"  and  also  from  the  omission  of  names  of  war- 
dens and  vestry,  it  is  evident,  that  this  could  l)e  no  meeting  of 
the  congregation  attending  the  Church.  As  all  freeholders, 
etc.,  were  notified,  the  intention  manifestly  was,  tc  form  a  new 
religious  organization,  —  its  character  to  be  determined  by  the 
majority  of  the  voters  present.  Many  Churchmen  were  "le- 
gally (jnalified  to  vote  in  town  meetings,"  and  therefore  at- 
tended on  this  occasion,  as  they  had  a  j)erfect  right  so  to  do. 
M.  was  the  active  spirit  at  this  meeting.  A  moderator  of  his 
own  selection  was  chosen,  who  decided  that  "  no  Churchman 
had  any  right  to  vote."  "  Our  [)eople,"  says  Mr.  Bailey, 
"  though  twenty-four  to  twelve,  offeree;  to  withdraw  frou)  ihelr 
meeting,  and  never  more  to  concern  themselves  with  any  parish 
all'uirs  for  the  future ;  provided,  they  would  Mgree  not  to  tax  us 
towards  tlie  Congregational  worship,  but  this  was  utterly 
denied  us."  Upon  the  withdrawal  of  the  Churchmen,  and 
part  of  the  others,  the  business  was  left  in  the  hands  of  eight 
persons.  "  These  dissenters,  though  so  few  in  number,  ([uar- 
relled,  the  same  evening,  among  themselves,  about  fixing  the 
place  for  their  meeting-house;  and  upon  hearing  that  their 
lumber  had  been  seized,  became  wholly  disheartened.     ♦    ".^    # 


m 


!■  1 


!     ! 


f.  :^ 


!      il 


:2<l 


mw^ 


t?  ii?n:;! 


1 


100 


FRONTIER     missionary;    OR, 


[1773. 


There  is  not  a  single  word  in  the  warrant  about  a  minister  or 
a  meeting-house." 

This,  which  was  one  of  several  abortive  attempts  to  estab- 
lish the  Congregational  mode  of  worship  in  the  west(-'rn  part 
of  Pownalborough,  is  spoken  of  here,  that  it  may  be  seen  how 
violent  and  unscrupulous  was  the  op|)osition  of  a  very  few 
individuals  in  that  place  to  the  Church  of  England. 

Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  a  friend :  "  Rev.  Mr.  Badger  preached 
for  me,  June  20th.  I  have  likewise  had  a  visit  from  Monsieur 
Balele,  Romish  Missionary  to  the  Indians  of  St.  Francis.  Wc 
have  now  at  our  house,  Monsiein*  Naphew,  a  Franciscan  friar, 
from  Brittany,  in  France.  I  have  made  considerable  profi- 
ciency in  the  ^^Veneh  langiiage.  *  *  I  expect  to  ])reach, 
next  Sunday,  in  a  new  j)ulpit.  Mrs.  Bailey  has  colhx-ted, 
among  the  women,  ^£1-3,  O.  T.,  towards  furnishing  the  puljnt- 
cloth,  etc." 

The  report  to  the  Society,  in  October  of  this  year,  contains 
the  following:  "  I  have  baptized,  since  October  last,  lifty-five 
persopy,  four  of  them  adults ;  and  notwithstanding  the  violent 
attempts  of  my  inveterate  enemies  to  injure  the  Church,  my 
parish,  at  present,  is  in  nourishing  circumstances.  Our  people 
have  built,  at  their  own  expense,  an  elegant  pulpit  and  reading 
desk,  and  their  wives  and  daughters  have  furnished  it  with  a 
cushion,  and  hangings  of  crimson  damask.  Our  parsonage- 
house  and  land,  which  occasioned  me  so  much  concern  and 
expense,  are  now  redeemed  from  the  power  of  our  enemi(>s, 
and  I  hope  to  enjoy  them  in  peace.  I  would  likewise  beg 
leave  to  recommend  the  people  at  Gardiiierstown,  and  the  set- 
tlements above,  on  Kennebeck  river,  to  the  Society,  as  objects 
of  their  charitable  assistance.  They  are  a  mixture  of  various 
denominations,  chiefly  very  poor,  anunig  which,  numbers  are 
well  disposed  towards  the  Church.  Many  were  formerly  under 
my  care  at  Pownalborough,  and  several,  communicants  of  good 
character.  It  appears  probable,  that  if  a  INIissionary  was  fixed 
at  Gardinerstown,  with  proper  encouragements,  the  people,  in 
general,  would  adhere  to  the  Church.  I  have  ofliciated  twice 
this  summer  at  the  last-mentioned  place,  and,  on  the  18th  of  Au- 
gust, baptized  twenty-two  persons,  eight  of  them  adults.    These 


■WT' 


1774.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


101 


infant  tiettlemcnts  extt'iid,  frora  Powiialborougli,  forty-nvc  niilt's 
along  the  river,  and  contain  four  hundred  families,  among  whieli 
they  have  no  ordained  minister  of  any  denomination,  to  admin- 
ister the  ordinances,  and  to  preserve  ia  proper  sense  of  religion. 
But  such  are  the  necessitous  circitinstanees  of  the  people,  the 
diliiculty  of  travelling,  and  the  expense  of  living,  tiiat  no  Mis- 
sionary can  subsist  upon  Kennebeek  river,  with  credit  to  his 
profession,  without  a  lil)(!ral  support;  and  every  diliiculty  here 
is  rather  greater,  I  conceive,  than  in  the  adjoining  Province  of 
Nova  Scotia,  where  many  of  the  English  entered  upon  lands 
already  improved  by  the  former  French  inhabitants.  I  would 
further  mention,  that  Dr.  Gardiner,  who  has  ere«  ted  a  decent 
Church  at  Gardinerstown,  and  provided  a  glebe,  engages,  l)e- 
sidcs,  to  give  ten  j)ounds  sterling,  per  annum.  I  am  obliged 
to  remark,  that  we  are  indebted  to  the  care  and  vigilanite  of 
this  gentleman  for  the  redetaption  of  our  i)arsonage  at  l\)\vn- 
alborough,  and  its  present  establishment  upon  a  sure  founda- 
tion.'' 

That  Mr.  Bailey  had  not  lost  his  early  passion  for  writing, 
appears  from  a  statement  which  he  makes,  wherein  lie  says: 
"I  have  almost  fmished  a  de<eription  of  the;  eastern  country, 
in  three  chapters.  The  first  contains  the  (Jeography  and 
Natural  History;  the  second,  an  account  of  the  Ancient 
Indians;  and  the  third,  the  most  remarkable  events,  from 
its  discovery  in  11)03,  to  the  present  day,  with  a  view  of  its 
Jate  prodigious  improvements  in  the  character  of  its  inhabit- 
ants. My  account  takes  in  all  the  country  between  Casco 
Bay  and  Nova  Scotia.  I  have  had  unexpected  assistance, 
both  from  gentlemen  and  books."  lie  also  states  that  "two 
gentlemen  have  ofVered  me  r^own  guineas  for  the  copy  of 
Madoclcawando,  for  the  press,  but  I  refused.''  That  his  tem- 
poral prospects  were  brightening  at  this  time,  appears  froui 
the  following  extract  from  a  letter  to  a  relative,  in  August  of 
this  year:  "I  have  a  wealthy  parishioner,  Mr.  Ayling,  from 
England,  who  has  j)urchased  Richmond  farm,  to  the  amount 
of  sixteen  hundred  and  lifty  acres,  and  is  on  the  sj)ot,  making 
gi-eat  improvements." 

In  February  of  this  year,  Mr.  Bailey  visited  the  upper  set- 


111' 


iiill 


Pi 


!  I 


li 


W-^' 


I 

I      i 


i  ;■ 


.1,  ■   I 


I  :       <    T 


102 


r  R  0  N  T 1 1:  R    :\i  I  f;  s  I  o  x  a  r  y 


OR, 


[1774. 


lloinf'iiis  on  llio  Kennclioc,  Irawlling  tlic  wliole  (lislaiice  in  a 
slcii^li  oil  llic  fro/cii  river.  His  journey  cxicndi'd  above  !'\)rt 
Halifax,  in  the  jiresent  lown  of  Winslow.  BeinjT,  on  Sunday, 
aiiion^^f  t!ies(!  pioneers,  who,  until  Ihen,  iiad  had  no  reIiy;ious 
services,  h(^  prc>ached  to  a  conj^rei^atioti  of  forty  persons,  and 
in  that  rei^ion  he  baptized  seventeen,  whose  names  are  re- 
corded in  his  journals. 

'J'la'ee  years  had  now  passed  since  jNIr.  Bailey  removed  with 
his  I'lmiily  into  the  parsonaye-hoiise,  thus  securing  the  first 
perniiuient  habitation  which  they  had  enjoyed  since  he  had 
been  In  his  INIission.  While  the  house  was  in  building,  lie  had 
enclosed  about  three  acres  for  a  garden,  and  began  imme- 
diately to  cuhiviiti?  it  with  great  industry.  Nearly  a  dozen 
pages  in  one  of  his  journals,  are  occupied  with  his  "  01)ser- 
vatioiis  .1!  gardening  in  the  iVutumn  of  177-1,  and  spring  of 
177'")."'  These  observations  are>  curious  in  more  than  one 
respect.  'J'hey  note  particularly,  not  only  the  kind  of  seeds 
?ov.'n,  and  shrubs  and  trees  transplanted,  but  also  give  each 
day  in  which  the  work  was  done,  state  the  quantity  of  what 
was  put  into  the  ground,  with  the  precise  locality.  It  would 
seem,  from  this  record,  that  there  could  have  been  l)ui  few 
plants,  cilher  of  the  ornamental  or  useful  kind,  then  known  in 
New  England,  of  which  a  specimen  might  not  be  seen  grow- 
ing near  the  humble  parsonage  of  this  frontier  Missionary. 
TIk'  iK'ighboring  fields  and  forests  w'cre  also  laid  under  contri- 
bution, and  many  wild  (lowers  were  mingled  with  the  more 
cultivated  ones.  Eve;-,  the  sea  beach  of  his  native  j)lace  had 
furnished  one  of  the  two  or  three  species  of  vegetation  w^liich 
its  arid  sands  can  nourish.  Tradition  coniirms,  what  would 
be  surmised  from  his  journals,  that  the  minister's  gardiai  at 
Pownalborough  had  few  superiors  east  of  Boston. 

The  following  letter,  addressed  to  a  f(nnale  friend  a  few 
years  afler,  describes  his  residence  at  Pownalborough  :  "  I 
have  at  this  moment  present  to  my  imagination,  those  romrai- 
tick  scenes  which  surrounded  my  habitation,  many  of  which 
rose  under  my  eye,  or  were  formed  by  my  conducting  hand, 
W'hile  the  remainder  ajipear  in  all  their  native;  wildness,  and 
are  either  beautifully  irregular,  or  excite  the  ideas  of  admira- 


ITT-t.] 


Ti  I  y  i;   o  F    u  i:  \' 


.TACOn     IJAILEY 


10; 


lion  and  honor.  My  d-A'clliiif,'  wiis  ^;i!^;\t;•^l  on  llic  sunmiit  of 
a  lowcrinjj^  (Mnincnce,  Ijctwocii  two  niivii;al)lc  rivers,  wliicli  dif- 
fn.-i  il  itscir  into  iin  c'x1i'Msiv(>  jilain,  iii,TrciiI)ly  divrrsiiied   with 


[v: 


tli'j  r,ir>ou,iirc  ut  i'owiKilbinMUgh.] 


cluinps  of  cvorgrccMH,  and  lofty  sjireadidg  irces,  inlcrspiTscd 
V\'il!i  grasri  phits  and  cnltivatc;!   hiT'oai^c 


Aronnd  1 


Jay  a  jjjardiMi,  containing  three  acri'.<,  niosdy  on 


a  .''(Mit 


lioii-e 


(ircllV' 


Jt 


several    r(\i;riar  scpiares  and  ele.'^^anl    partiMTes  had   l)eeu 
ereaied  ont  of  l!ie  roekv  and  sinhhorn  niaU'ri;vls,  divided   into 


J    5 


wall 


aiH 


borders,  eitlier  cro\\(]ed  with   ihrivin:'  frnit   trees  of 


lous  speeies,  or  adorned  witii  a  nuutiinde  ol   various  snrnhs 
I   (lowers,  whieh  ad.ded  softness,  splendour  and  beauty  t 


o 


van 
an 

the  wdlderness,  and  perfumed  tjie  air,  already  pure  as  tjie  virgin 
breezes  of  Paradise,  with  their  blended  fragrance.  The  oilier 
parts  of  tins  enelosure  continued  still  in  all  the  misshapen 
rudeness  of  nature,  where  sin;  puts  on  the  roughest  apjiear- 
ance,  and  wore  an  aspect  wrinkletl,  severe,  rugi^u'd  and  de- 
formed l)eyond  expression.  Here  we  beheld  the  prostrate 
trunk  of  sttme  enormous  tree  which  sunk  beneath  the  burden 
of  age  and  infirmities,  or  else  was  borne  down  headlong  by 
the  rapid  tempest,  mouldering  into  its  original  dust,  while  a 


fp 


■   ,  \ 

1  ;i 

t 

: 

.ill 

-\ 

'     :% 

lO-t 


r  K  O  N  T  I  E 11    ^r  I  S  S  I  O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1775. 


nunicrons  odspriiii^  wtM'c  springing  up  on  every  side,  and  exult- 
ing in  tiie  pride  of  youllifnl  verdure;  tliere,  on  the  margin  of 
a  rocky  eminenee,  covered  with  thorns  and  briars,  you  might 
discc)ver  lhe  breaking  preeipic-e  with  gaping  caverns  and  ragged 
fragments,  tumi>iing  to  the  bottom,  composed  a  jiih'  of  defor- 
mily,  the  habitation  of  reptiles  and  vermin.     On  the  western 
(piarier,  beyontl  the  limits  of  the  garden  and  a  winding  road, 
lay  a  large  o])en   grove  of  ma|iles   and   beeches,  with  two  or 
three  majestic  oaks,  which  reared  their  venerable  heads  above 
the  surrounding  trees;  at  a.furlher  distance,  on  the  declivity  of 
the  hill,  is  situated  a  stately  forest,  sloping  into  an  impenetra- 
ble swamp  of    spruce  and  cedar,  ending  in  cultivated  fields 
along  the  (lowcry  banks  of  ICennebeek,  while  from  the  cham- 
ber windows  we  have  a  prospect  of  the  White   Mountains, 
above  til'ty  miles  riMuote,  concealing  their  glittering  summits 
among  the  clouds.     From  the  same  aj^artment,  to  the  south, 
appeared   a  number  of  settlements,    stretching,  for  miles  to- 
gether, on  t';e  Eastinui  River,  and  the  waters  of  Merrymeeting 
Bay,  with  the  adjacent  hills,  closes  the  delightful  view.     On 
the  northern  quarter,  at  the  distance  of  fifty  rods,  almost  ob- 
scured by  a  rising  grove  of   birches,  appears  the  Church,  an 
elegant  bu'kling,  standing  on  a  gravelly  spot  of  ground,  sur- 
rounded with  a  large  piece  of  beautiful  turf.     From  the  east- 
ern door  in  front,  through  a  spacious  avenue,  we  have  a  fine 
prospect  of  the  river  Mundooscottook,*  which  apj)ears,  by  a 
deception,    almost   contiguous  to  the  garden,  running  at  the 
bottom  of  a  large   open  pasture ;   beyond  the  river  the  land 
rises  with  a  majestic  grandeur,  and,  swelling  with  a  stupen- 
duous  arch,  covered,  with  trees,  the  horizon."! 

It  has,  we  presume,  sutllciently  appeared,  that  the  "  Itinerant 
Mission  on  the  Eastern  Fronti(!rs  of  Massachusetts  Bay"'  was 
no  sinecure.  The  territory  it  embraced  was  extensive,  the  inhab- 
itants thinly  scattered,  and  the  means  of  travelling  were  incon- 
venient, and  oftentimes  dangerous.  The  poverty  and  igno- 
rance of  the  people,  and  the  unscrupulous  opposition  of  some 


If '  t 

i 

.r 

ri:i. 

«)^    ■ 


l\  ' 


MC! 


*  Or  Eastern  River. 


t  See  note  H. 


1774.] 


LITE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


105 


persons  of  wcaltli  and  inflncnce  greatly  increased  labors  which 
were  of  themselves  siilliciently  arduous  to  have  discouraged 
most  men.  To  all  these  dilliculties  were  now  to  be  added 
others.  The  date  of  INIr.  EaDey's  coining  into  these  regions 
was  almost  the  same  as  that  of  the  commencement  of  those 
measures  on  the  part  of  the  British  government,  which  finally 
alienated  the  American  colonies.  The  nature  of  these  mea- 
sures and  their  dates,  are  too  well  known  to  the  intelligent 
reader  to  render  it  necessary  that  they  should  be  stated  here. 

The  first  instances  of  political  persecution  which  Mr.  Bailey 
experienced,  occurred  at  a  distance  from  the  place  of  his  resi- 
dence. On  the  7th  September,  1774,  he  set  off  with  a  friend 
for  Boston.  His  journal  states  that  he  was  "insulted  the  next 
day. 

"  Sept.  Stit.     Lodged  at  Millican's.*     Ill  treated. 
****** 

"ll//<.     Lodged  at  Newbury:  the  country  all  in  commotion. 
**■».*»« 

"14///.     Convention  Sermon  preached  by  Mr.  Seargent. 
♦  »***♦ 

"23^/.     Mobbed  at  Brunswick;  got  home  at  night. 
****** 

"  26//i!.  Abroad;  fled  from  the  mob.  Lodged  at  George 
JMiers'." 

He  afterwards  writes  to  a  friend:  "I  was  obliged  to  ab- 
scond in  the  night,  to  avoid  the  fury  of  the  mob,  and  to  keep 
myself  concealed  two  days." 

Under  date  of  October  17th,  1774,  Mr.  Bailey  wrote  as 
follows,  to  the  Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel  in  Foreign 
Parts:  — 

"I  take  this  opportunity  of  writing  by  Capt.  Callahan,  one 
of  my  Wardens,  bound  directly  from  this  place  to  Glasgow, 
since  the  unhappy  condition  of  this  country  renders  it  wholly 
unsafe  to  trust  a  letter  by  the  way  of  Bcxston  to  London.  I 
have,  since  my  last,  visited  the  upper  settlements  upon  Ken- 
nebcck  river,  to  the  distance  of  fifty  miles,  where  I  'baptized 


!;! 


■  it 


111    I 


14 


*In  Scarborough. 


yw' 


iSTf! 


I      I 


;!■      ■■'■ 


!      V 


106 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY  ;     OR, 


[1774. 


twenty  infants  and  two  adnlts.  Nothing  remarkable  has  oc- 
curred in  my  parisii,  but  I  have  the  Katiwfaction  to  observe, 
that  none  of  my  hearers  have  entered  into  any  desperate  com- 
binations against  the  authority  of  (Jreat  Britain,  nor  joined 
in  any  of  those  tumults  and  insurrections  which  have  lately 
prevailed  in  other  parts  of  the  Province,  and  even  in  the  neigh- 
bouring towns.  On  my  late  journey  to  Boston,  1  was  fre- 
quently insulted  and  mobbt^d,  and  immediately  after  my  return, 
this  place  was  invaded  by  one  hundred  men  in  arms,  while  the 
Court  was  sitting,  vowing  revenge  upon  me  and  several  of  my 
parishioners,  for  opposing  the  solemn  league  and  covenant. 
To  avoid  their  fury,  I  was  obliged  to  flee  from  my  house  in  the 
night,  and  to  conceal  myself  for  two  days.  The  moh)  was  at 
length  obliged  to  disperse,  without  success,  or  doing  any  con- 
siderable mischief.  In  the  neighbouring  settlements,  however, 
they  assaulted  both  persons  and  property,  brake  into  houses 
and  stores,  abused  the  inhabitants,  and  destroyed  their  sub- 
stance, and,  after  being  intoxicated  with  strong  liquor,  fought 
among  themselves.  We  are  daily  threatened  with  another 
hostile  invasion  ;  and,  it  may  be  remarked,  that  these  insurrec- 
tions arc  encouraged  by  some  of  our  magistrates,  and  the  late 
mob  was  headed  by  a  member  of  the  General  Assembly.  In 
short,  nothing  can  be  more  dismal  than  the  situation  of  the 
Episcopal  ministers,  and,  indeed,  of  all  who  have  any  depend- 
ence upon  Great  Britain.  They  are  daily  persecuted  with 
provoking  insults,  loaded  with  shocking  execrations,  and 
alarmed  with  the  most  bloody  menaces,  and  that,  not  by  the 
meaner  rabble,  but  by  persons  of  the  highest  distinction,  and 
even  those  who  heretofore  were  in  the  greatest  repute  for 
moderation,  piety  and  tenderness,  have  now  lost  every  senti- 
ment of  hiimanity,  behave  with  the  wildest  fury  and  destruc- 
tion, and  breathe  forth  nothing  but  slaughter  and  destruction 
against  all  who  are  unwilling  to  engage  in  their  extravagant 
schemes.  I  have  observed,  with  regard  to  this  Province  and 
New  Hampshire,  where  I  have  a  large  acquaintance,  that  the 
friends  of  government  are  chiefly  either  Episcopalians,  or  sober, 
sensible  persons  of  other  denominations,  wiio  are  equally  averse 
to  infidelity  and  enthusiasm ;  but  if  the  sons  of  liberty  should 


1775.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


107 


prevail,  our  dt'structioii  will  1)(3  iiievitablo,  and  thousands  of 
IDs  Majesty's  loyal  subjects,  who  a(;knowlc'dgo  the  authority 
of  the  parent  country  from  |)rincipl('s  of  conscience  as  well  as 
grateful  inclination,  will  instantly  be  reduced  to  the  extrcuiest 
misery  and  ruin.  Nothing  has  inspired  these  oj)poscrs  of  gov- 
ernment with  greater  resolution  and  fury,  than  a  speech  said 
to  be  written  by  the  Bishop  of  St.  Asaphs.*  I  had  an  oppor- 
tunity of  remarking  the  fatal  cHects  of  this  performance,  not 
only  at  Boston,  but  in  travelling  two  hundred  miles  through  a 
populous  part  of  the  country.  This  has  given  them  occasion 
to  abuse  every  Episcopalian  who  cannot  acknowledge  the 
sentiments  of  His  Lordship,  with  the  forced  construction  they 
are  pleased  to  put  upon  His  words.  'J'he  shutting  up  of  Bos- 
ton harbour,  and  the  prevailing  violence  of  this  raging  faction, 
have  already  reduced  me  to  great  distress  in  my  private  afiairs, 
and  it  is  with  the  utmost  dilliculty  I  am  able  to  procure  the 
necessaries  of  life." 

The  winter  of  1774-5  passed  oft'  without  much  political 
disturbance  in  the  "  West  Precinct  of  Pownalborough,"  where 
the  church  was  situated.  From  the  journals  of  Mr.  J^ailey,  it 
seems  that  the  immbcr  of  attendants  on  public  worship  during 
the  three  years  after  the  church  was  built,  ranged  from  fifty  to 
one  hundred  and  thirty. 

The  news  of  Lexington  battle,  (which  was  some  days  in 
reaching  Keimebec,)  caused  considerable  excitement  among 
the  people.  Mr.  Bailey  states  that  on  the  day  of  the  receipt 
of  the  intelligence  "  of  Col.  Percy's  defeat,"  he  was  "  abroad, 
and  assaulted  by  a  number  of  rullians."  Two  days  after  this. 
Rev.  J.  Wingate  Weeks,  Rector  of  St.  Michae''s  Church, 
JMarblehead,  Mass.,  arrived  with  his  family.  He  had  been 
driven  by  political  persecutions  from  his  parish,  and  sought 
refuge  with  the  subject  of  this  Memoir,  who  had  married  his 
sister. 

"  The  circumstances  of  Mr.  Weeks'  family  determined  him 


*  Bishop  Shipley.  This  production  was  quoted  by  Hon.  Daniel  Webster,  in  his 
speech,  delivered  at  M'ashington,  July  Uh,  18.51,  on  the  occasion  of  laying  the  corner 
stone  of  the  enlargement  of  the  Capitol. 


'i    I!. 


''la 


m 


m 


.lii^i 


.'Wi'i 


:i!i 


"•i 


mm: 


108 


mONTIKTl     MISSTONAKV;     OR, 


[1 


t  <•). 


I     i'!|. 


fit)    1   !■ 


i'l:-!  :■ 


1      ' 


')  '< 


to  sock  a  rcfu^M!  in  the  rcf^'ioiis  of  KciinchccK,  wlicrc  he  liad 
soiiio  possrHsioiis  in  laud.  He  arrived  at  Frankfort,  with  hi.'^ 
family,  on  Wcchicsday  evt'ninfif,  April  I'Oth.  Notice  was  iniinc- 
diatcly  given  it)  I\l.  and  the  rabbh-,  and  notwithstandini,'  their 
wide  dispersions,  tl)e  hitter  were  asseinl)led  at  the  Conrt-honso 
by  sunrise  the;  ncjxt  morning,  to  jjrevent  ';im  fronj  huidinfjf  his 
furniture.  Th(!  multitude  wen;  evidently  conveiK'd  to  support 
tiie  Committee  in  their  malignant  designs  upon  .Mr.  AVeeks, 
against  whom  they  had  nothing  to  allege  but  his  profession  as 
a  clergyman  of  tin;  Church  of  I-ingland  ;  and  his  character, 
which  was  not  only  irreproachable,  l)ut  exemplary.  *  *  *  « 
In  the  midst  of  this  bustle  and  confnsion,  the  Conuriittees  of 
several  neighbouring  towns  happeneil  to  arrive,  when  it  was 
agreed  to  leave  the  allalr  of  Mr.  Weeks  to  their  united  defer- 
niination.  After  keeping  that  worthy  gentleman  under  severe- 
exauunation,  standing  before  them  as  a  criminal  above  an 
hour,  they  dismissed  him  awhile,  for  the  purpose  of  mature 
consultation  among  themselves;  then,  calling  iiim  in  the  sec- 
ond time  into  their  important  and  mighty  presence,  com|)e!led 
him  to  sign  an  ignominious  paper,  and  then  gave  him  a  permit 
for  landing  his  goods."  '^ 

In  June  of  this  year,  jMr.  Bailey  received  an  invitation  from 
the  wardens  of  the  Church  at  Fal month,  to  olliciate  there  dur- 
ing the  absence  of  Rev.  Mr.  \Viswe!l,the  Rector  of  the  parish. 

The  following  is  found  in  the  MS.  "  History,"  etc.,  cpioted 
above,  and  is  stated  to  have  occurred  in  August  of  this  year: 
"  One  Ilarvey,  as  the  rabble  wen?  marching  along  the  road  l)y 
the  Church  at  Pownalborough,  loaded  his  musket,  and  then 
presented  it  at  the  ])arsonagc-house,  where  the  Rev.  Messrs. 
"Weeks  and  Bailey  resided.  The  latter,  with  several  children, 
was  then  looking  out  of  the  window,  when  one  of  the  com- 
pany demanded  of  Ilarvey  '  what  inducement  he  had  to  be- 
have in  this  manner?'      He  replied:   'this  is  a nest  of 

tories,  and  I  am  going  to  blow  as  manv  of  them  to  the 


as  possible.'     Having  finished  this  remarkable  speech,  he 

snapped  his  gun  several  times,  but  it  was  Providentially  pre- 


*MS.  History  of  the  Eastern  Country,  by  Rtv.  J.  Builcy. 


177.-,.) 


Lirr,   OF    itr, V.   jAcon    haii.ky. 


10') 


voiifcd  from  i^oiiii^  ofl',  iiotwitlistundiiii,'  it  wds  never  kiiown, 
before  or  after  lliis  experiiiieiit,  to  iiii.^s  lire.  And,  it  is  further 
ol)servii!)ie,  tliiit  the  moment  this  feMow  reached  the  Conrt- 
house,  he  disehiir^ed  his  mnslict  \vitht)ut  tiie  least  dillieulty. 
The  laiiiily  liiiis  devoted  to  destruction,  were,  at  the  time, 
wholly  iijMorant  of  their  d m^'er,  and  received  their  infornialiou 
inimcdijitely  after,  from  a  couple  of  yonn;i,'  fellows,  more  civil 
and  humane  than  the  rest.  It  was  asserted  that  Harvey  hor- 
rowed  tliis  i,'nn  of  !\F.,  l)nt  what  temptation  Ik?  had  to  intrust 
jl  to  a  stranger,  remains  a  secret,  unless  we  conclu(l(!  that  Ik; 
!Tiij,dit,  with  ii;r('ater  siifety,  en<^'am?  him  in  some  fatal  pii.'co  of 
misohief,  than  one  who  had  connexions  ;unong  us.'" 

'•  Ahout  the  heginninij  of  this  summer,  one  W'hitini,'  was 
engaj^fcd  to  otiiciate  at  the  Court-house.  'J'his  fellow,  now  I!) 
or  :2()  years  of  ni!;e,  had  been  extremely  notorious  for  his  vicious 
and  idle  conduct,  having  first  lieen  e.\|)elled  from  the  college  at 
Cam!)ridg(>,  and  afterwards,  (it  is  reported,)  obliged  to  llee  from 
the  seminary  at  Providence,  for  stealing  the  President's  horse. 
lie  had  been  employed  for  some  time  as  a  schoolmaster  in 
Kennebeck,  but  was  represented  as  a  |)ersou  disposed  to  ridi- 
cule both  ri'ligioii  auci  virtue,  yet  |)retending  to  a  sudden  and 
iiiiraculous  conversion,  and  assuming  uncommon  zeal  in  iho 
cause  of  liberty,  he  is  conceived  to  be  an  Iiappy  instrument  of 
carrying  on  tli(!  blessed  work  of  ruining  the  Church;  and 
though  it  is  ailirmed  that  he  boldly  |)reached  the  sermons  of 
President  Davies,  and  other  writers  of  a  sprightly  and  fanatical 
turn;  yel  In;  was  highly  i:aressed  by  our  leaders,  and  extolled 
as  an  angel  from   Heaven   to  proclaim  the  everlasting  (Jos[)el. 


i''i 


l':t 


*  llov.  J.  W.  Weeks  wrote  to  tkc  Sucicty  for  Praj)ng;itiiig  the  Gospel  in  Foreign 
Parts,  as  loHows  ;  — 

<'  roKT.sMorru,  Sept.  "th,  177'). 

"'llic  eoii'lition  of  your  Mis^ion;lries  is  truly  ck'ijlorable :  they  have  nu'inies  all 
around  thciii,  and  no  friends  hut  (Jod  iind  their  eoiiscienccs.  I  um  now  stripped  of 
the  couilorts  and  convnuences  of  life  ;  my  wife  and  a  family  of  eijjht  liel|)less  cliihlron. 
are  oblif^ed  to  seeli  >aoUer  in  a  uihlerness,  the  horrors  of  which  they  liad  never  seen 
or  felt  before.  And  even  there  they  hare  not  been  suffered  to  remain  in  (juitt.  Their 
happiness  has  been  often  inttrrui)tid  by  insults,  and  by  the  snapping  of  a  loaded  pun 
at  Mr.  Ijaiiey  and  me,  while  walking  in  the  garden.  We  have  no  liope,  but  in  the 
experience  of  your  wonted  charity." —  llaiclins'  Ilisf.  of  Missions,  etc.,  p.  210. 


iill  ■> 


'  lli 


k    1l 


110 


F  n  ()  N  T  1 1:  R     M  I  S  S  1 0  .N  A  II  Y 


OR. 


[1775. 


And  tli()ii<,'h  service  wnri  constantly  pcrfornicd  every  Siindiiy 
at  cimrcli,  eillier  l)y  Mr.  Weeks  or  Mr.  IJaiU'y,  yet  all  who 
were  inclined  to  favor  the  |)rescnt  coniniolions  attended  IiIh 
vociCeratioiis,  and  besides,  some  persons,  wliw  de.-ired  still  to 
adhere  to  the  (•linreli,  went  occasionally  to  iiieetini;,  h()|)in:^ 
by  this  seasonal)le  compliance  either  to  avoid  the  inipntation 
of  beini^  enendes  to  \\h'  eonntry,  or  to  escape  the  persecution 
they  conccivt'd  was  (h'sccndinj^  on  their  neiifhbt)tirs.    *   »   «   * 

"  But  Whitini^  was  not  the  only  A|)ostlu  of  Kennebeck.  One 
Alden,  a  noted  Ana-baptist  preach{>r  from  (ireat  Ih'itain,  rnado 
his  appearance  in  these  parts,  and  was  extremely  instrumental 
in  sedncinii;  ignorant  and  credulous  people.  And,  notwith- 
standiiiijf  his  character,  attended  his  itinerant  performances, 
and  it  was  acknowIed<,'ed  wherever  he  travelled  that  lie  had 
twice  been  dismissed  from  tla;  ministerial  ()(lic(!  for  gross 
immoralities,  and  had  been  tried  at  the  Old  liailey  for  the 
crime  of  pt'rjnry,  yet  he  was  followed  and  applauded  by  the 
undistinguishing  mobility  and  persons  of  distinction,  as  some 
great  prophet,  or  messenger  from  heaven.  *     This  fellow 

preached  in  almost  every  settlement  along  the  banks  of  Ken- 
nebeck, and  greatly  conduced  to  bring  everything  sacred  and 
decent  into  contemj)t."* 

"  The  inhabitants  of  Frankfort,  or  tlie  West  Parish  of  Pow- 
nalborough,  contiimed  quiet  and  composed  till  about  Christ- 
mas, IT/'"),  when  Mr.  (Joodwin,  a  deputy-sherilVand  jail  keeper, 
began  to  spirit  up  the  people.  This  man  was  open,  generous, 
positive,  and  blustering, — served  this  year  as  Church  Warden, 
but  was  intimately  connected  vith  M.  and  N.  He  suddenly 
attfMupted  to  raise  all  the  youiij.;  fellows  among  us  in  defence 
of  liberty,  and  engaged  thervi  to  assemble  on  New  Year's  day, 
to  erect  the  standard  of  deiiance.  Every  method  of  allurement 
and  menace  was  practised  to  convene  the  people  u[)on  this 
important  occasion  ;  but  about  twenty  persons  had  resolution 
enough  to  disregard  every  incitement,  and  refused  to  give  their 
attendance.  The  confusion  and  uproar  which  ensued  were 
beyond  example ;  the  day  was  consumed  in  the  exercises  of 

*  See  note  I. 


m 


■^Si 


1770.] 


T.irn  OF   nr.v.   .t.\(oh    iiAir.r.v. 


Ill 


(Iriiikiiif?,  swcariiijT,  traltoroiiH  iriiprcfations,  niul  the  most 
li(>rril)lt' I'diisioiis  of  proCaiicni'sH  and  iiiipii'ty.  Several  people, 
ill  llie  fervor  and  waiitoiitiefs  of  llieir  zeal,  proposed  lliat  tiie 
inliiistcr  ^iioiiid  1)0  coiKliicted  by  a  siillieieni  military  foreo 
from  his  lial)it;i1ioii  to  tlio  polo,  and  there  l)e  ol)lii,'ed  to  eonsc- 
crate  this  exalted  monnment  of  freedom:  others,  indeed,  were 
BO  modest  as  to  opjjosc  the  motion,  and  when  it  was  coiimiit- 
ted  to  the  coiiMiion  siillrage,  it  was  earrii'd  in  the  neij;ative  hy 
ii  trillint^  majority  only/  .....  Immediately  after  this 
distinifiiishin^'  event,  near  one-half  of  the  eon^M'ei,'ation  with- 
drew from  the  Clnirch,  tiie  minister  was  stigmatized  as  a 
mortal  enemy  to  his  eonntry  for  negleeting  to  observe  a 
thanksgiving  appointed  by  the  Provineial  Congress,  though 
the  very  persons  who  w-ere  loudest  in  their  exelamations  eer- 
tainly  knew  that  he  liad  received  no  information  time  enough 
to  give  publiek  notice. 

*•  My  IVesl)yterian  neighlxmrs  were  so  zealous  for  the  good  of 
their  country  that  they  killed  seven  of  my  sheep  out  of  twelve, 
and  shot  a  line  heifer  as  she  was  feeding  in  my  pasture,  iuid 
my  necessities  were  so  great  in  the  following  winter  that  I 
was  obliged  to  dispose  of  the  remainder  of  my  cattle  (except 
one  cow.  The  next  spring,  as  I  was  endeavoring  to  cultivate 
a  garden  sj)ot,  which  1  iiad  prepared  from  a  rocky  wilderness, 
with  great  labour  and  exj)ense,  the  leaders  immediately  began 
to  interrupt  my  honest  endeavours  for  tlie  support  of  my  family. 
They  daily  threatened  that  jirodigious  numbers  of  people  were 
assembling  in  the  adjacent  settlements  to  put  down  the  Church 
and  to  burn  my  habitation  over  my  head." 


*  "  It  was  determined  that  a  liberty-pole  should  be  raised  before  the  Church  door, 
•to  alfroiit'  (as  it  was  said)  'the  parson,  and  to  express  their  defiance  of  the  Kinj;,' 
but  Mr.  Goodwin,  a  Church  Warden,  the  principal  conductor,  (under  tlie  secret 
direction,  as  I  suppose,  of  M.,)  being  opposed  by  the  Vestry,  cipht  in  number, 
induced  tlie  people  to  erect  it  on  the  plains.  M.,  some  days  before,  had  engaged  to 
fiive  them  a  quantity  of  rum  to  elevate  their  spirits  upon  the  glorious  occasion. 
When  the  appointed  day  came  this  gentleman,  upon  their  appearance,  accordim^  to 
previous  agreement,  delivered  his  present,  with  the  assurance  that  he  would  have 
cheerfully  assisted  in  person  had  he  not  been  unwell.  Capt.  Lovejoy  insisted  upon 
my  being  sent  for  to  consecrate  the  pole  by  prayer,  and,  if  I  refused,  it  was  purposed 
that  I  should  be  whipped  around  it,  but  the  motion  was  lost  by  a  majority  of  two."  f 

t  liev.  J.  Bailey's  MS. 


r  t' 


K  ! 


f 


If 


fw 


\  ■■^^ 


m 


I  I  i 
'  i'l 


i       .1 


112 


F  R  0  N  T  I  E  R    M  I  wS  S  1 0  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1776. 


3Lii/  3^/,  1777.  A  son  was  horn  to  i\Ir.  Bailey,  wlio  was 
baj)ti/f(l  t)y  the  iiainc  of  Cliarlcs  Hugh  Percy.* 

From  Mr.  IJailey's  .Tonrnal  of  tliis  year  wo  extract  the  fol- 
lowing:— 

"  JIdi/  '2'^fl.     Summoned  before  the  Committee. 

^^'2-\l/i.     Examine  1  by  the  Committee. 

"  2Sl/i.     Laid  under  bonds. 

"  August  IVlJi.  Forbidden  to  pray  for  the  King.  Only  de- 
livered a  sermon.     Thirty-five  present. 

"  2li(/.  On  ajomney:  lodged  at  Rev.  INIr.  Bass's,  Newbnry- 
port. 

****** 

"  t^('/)teiiibcr  10///.  Visited  at  Ceorgetown.  Baptized  ten 
children. 

"  Oclober  2SfIi.  Before  the  Committee  for  not  reading  the 
Declaration  of  Independence,  for  praying  for  the  King,  and 
for  j)rea(hing  a  seditions  sermon." 

In  a  letter  written  some  time  after  this  to  the  secretary  of 
the  Venerable  Society,  Mr.  Bailey  says:  "In  the  universal 
confusion,  tumult,  and  destruction,  which  prevailed  in  the  be- 
ginning of  the  war,  many  persons  were  driven  by  the  impulses 
of  fear  to  act  against  both  conscience  and  inclination.  On 
the  one  hand,  we  were  assaulted  by  armed  multitudes,  pouring 
out  torrents  of  reproach  and  execrations,  and  threatening  to 


mal 


vc  us 


the  victims  of  their  ven"eance.     On  the  otlie 


r,  wc 


were  besieged  by  the  entreaties  and  tears  of  our  friends  to 
practice  a  little  compliance,  (which,  by  the  >.'ay,  only  made 
our  enemies  the  fiercer,)  v.'hile  we  were  confidently  told  that 
our  brethren  in  other  parts  had  fully  yielded  to  the  re(iuisitions 


*  A  proof  of  Mr.  Bailey's  loyalty.  Tho  n.uiie  selected  for  the  child  was  that  of 
Lord  I'ercy,  who  fought  at  Loxinf^ton.  In  a  letter  received  from  a  deseenilaiit  of 
Rev.  Mr.  13,iiley,  the  foUowiiij?  atatemcnt  occurs  ;  "  It  was  the  iutentiou  of  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Bailey  that  his  name  should  be  Ifiii/h  Percy,  but  Mrs.  Callahan,  the  (iodmofher, 
seeing  so  many  Patiiots  in  the  Church,  was  afraid  to  p;ive  this  name,  and  called  him 
Charles,  the  name  of  her  husband.  He  was  baptized  Charles  I'erey,  and  always 
signed  his  name  so." 


1777.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


113 


■U:l 


of  Congress  and  the  spirit  of  the  times.  I  had  myself  all  these 
didicnities  to  encounter.  In  particular,  the  Sunday  after  the 
news  of  the  Declaration  of  Inde]>endenee  arrived,  for  besides 
the  raving?  and  menaces  of  the  wild  sons  of  freedom,  the  more 
moderate  of  the  same  character  assured  me  that  every  clergy- 
man had  both  omitted  all  prayers  for  Ilis  Majesty,  and  published 
the  Declaration  of  Independency,  while  my  real  friends  earnestly 
Ix'songht  me  to  prevent  the  destruction  of  our  Church.  I  still 
refused,  answering  them  that  we  must  conscientiously  perform 
our  duty,  and  leave  the  Church  to  the  protection  of  Heaven, 
and  that  if  all  my  brethren  had  departed  from  their  integrity, 
I  could  never  think  myself  excused  from  blame  by  following 
their  example.  I  will  observe,  that  though  I  had  then  courage 
to  resist,  yet  perhaps  my  fortitude  at  another  time  might  have 
failed." 

Some  of  the  old  enemies  of  the  Episcopal  Church,  and  its 
minister,  were  not  discouraged  bv  their  former  unsuccessful 
attempts  to  establish  the  Congregational  form  of  worship 
within  the  bounds  of  his  parish.  Their  proceedings  caused 
]\Ir.  Bailey  to  write  to  eminent  men,  lawyers  and  others,  in 
ditlereni;  parts  of  the  country,  on  this  subject.  The  persons 
thus  addressed  were,  Mr.  Oliver  Whipple,  of  Portsmouth,  N. 
II.,  Rev.  Jacob  Duche,  of  Philadelphia,  and  Mr.  David  Sewall, 
of  iork.  Mr.  Bailey  says,  that  "the  mal-contents  were  only 
seven  in  number;"  that  "they  excluded  all  Churchmen  from 
the  privilege  of  voting,  and  agreed,  in  Miirch,  177G,  to  raise  a 
tax  upon  the  inhabitants, — Quakers  as  well  as  Churchmen, — 
towards  the  support  of  the  Gospel."  "  This,"  he  continues, 
"is  the  declared  purpose,  both  in  the  tax  bill  and  in  the  war- 
rant for  distraining.  Our  people  are  by  no  means  in  afTluent 
circumstances,  and,  after  having  generously,  according  to  their 
ability,  contributed  to  my  support,  are  compelled  to  pay  the 
above  tax  with  the  utmost  rigour.  The  collectors  are  seizing 
their  cattle  by  violence,  and  selling  them  at  publick  vendue 
for  a  mere  trille."  Mr.  Bailey  states  further,  that  "these  men 
have  no  meeting-house,  no  embodied  church,  no  communi- 
cants, no  minister,  and  v.o  preaching,  except  three  months  in 
1775."  He  writes  to  one  of  the  above-named  gentlemen,  that 
15 


i*h 


I  1-1 


m\ 


K  y 


R   :    i 


•  {I 

il  ! 


1      I' 


■:i 


114 


FRONTIER      MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1777. 


the  persons  spoken  of  "  liavc  proceeded  to  collect  the  tax  with 
the  utmost  rigor,  and  several  circumstances  of  ungenerous 
severity,  such  as  breaking  into  barns  when  the  j)roprietors 
were  absent,  taking  away  cattle  by  violence,  selling  theni  at 
auc;lion,  and  multiplying  charges,  to  the  great  distress  of  the 
unfortiniate  sull'erers.  *  *  ^  Those  who  retain  any  senti- 
ments of  tenderness  and  humanity,  when  aeciuainted  with  the 
circumstances  of  this  eastern  country,  must  compassionate  our 
situation  :  a  people  confined  to  a  cold  and  rugged  soil,  encum- 
bered with  forests,  and  divided  by  rivers,  exposed  to  invasions 
from  Canada,  deprived  of  free  navigation,  prevented  from 
selling,  as  usual,  their  timber  for  the  necessaries  of  life,  and 
denied  the  advantages  of  receiving  provisions  from  abroad  as 
formerly.  Tlieso  occurrenee»  have  reduced  us,  (especially 
myself,  who  depended  chiefly  upon  the  Society  for  support,) 
to  the  lowest  condition  of  poverty,  and  almost  to  nakedness 
and  famine." 

In  a  letter  to  Rev.  Dr.  Byles,  in  the  autumn  of  this  year,  Mr. 
Bailey  writes:  "  I  have  hitherto  performed  Divine  service  every 
Sunday,  though  at  the  risk  of  my  liberty,  and  even  of  my  life. 
I  have  had  a  warrant  after  me  ever  since  the  20th  of  July,  for 
transportation,  but  by  concealing  myself  during  the  week  time, 
I  have  as  yet  escajied.  jNlr.  Parker  and  Mr.  Bass  are  the  only 
clergymen  beside  myself  who  olliciate,  but  they  wholly  omit 
praying  for  the  King,  and  my  jirincipal  otVence  is  neglecting 
to  follow  their  example." 

Oclober  10///,  1777.  To  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks,  Marblehead  :— 
"  *  *  1  have  a  warrant  issued  against  me  ever  since  the 
20th  of  July,  and  several  ollicers  have  attempted  to  take  me, 
but  hitherto  without  success.  I  have  otiiciated  every  Sunday. 
Warrants  are  out  for  a  great  number  of  people,  some  of  whom 
have  absconded,  and  others  go  armed.  John  McNamara  has 
been  fined  twenty  dollars,  and  im|)risoned  five  days,  but  is 
now  dismissed  upon  bail.  I  am  a  little  surprised  to  iind  you 
coupling  me  with  Mr.  Bass  upon  all  occasions.  The  latter, 
without  encountering  any  persecution  or  dilliculty,  complied 
with  the  first  motion  of  his  congregation,  (mostly  high  sons  of 
liberty,)  wholly  to  drop  all  prayers  for  the  King.     I,  on  the  con- 


1777.] 


LIFE     or     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


115 


trary,  continuccl  the  service,  witliout  tlio  lonst  altrratioii,  soino- 
tirne  after  you  and  many  of  my  brethren  had  made  omissions; 
and  indeed  I  was  chiefly  induced  to  do  so  by  your  example. 
It  was  a  long  time  after  you  had  ceased  oilieiating  before  I 
either  heard  of  it,  or  the  law  in  sup|iort  of  Independeiiey,  so 
that  I  had  already  od'ended  beyond  the  hojx's  of  pardon.  Pre- 
vious to  this  my  parishioners  were  severely  p(>rsecnted,  both 
as  Churchmen  and  Tories,  which  imuu'diately  excited  the 
indignation  of  the  friends  of  government  for  twenty  miles 
round.  These,  of  every  denomination,  encouraged  me  to  pro- 
ceed, and  generously  contributed  to  my  support;  aiul  though 
I  have  left  out  the  most  obnoxious  sentences,  1  have  never 
omitted  to  i)ray  foi  the  King,  and  I  have  continued  to  olliciate, 
not  to  please  our  enemies,  but  the  Royalists  scattered  through 
the  country.  INIy  constant  hearers,  (though  all,  except  one  or 
two,  are  friends  of  govermuent,)  are  l)ut  a  small  number  in 
comparison  with  the  rest,  and  indeed  our  continuing  1o  as- 
semble for  Divine  Service  is  considered  by  the  Whigs  as  the 
principal  support  of  our  party.  They  imagine  that  it  gives 
life  and  spirit  to  our  opposition,  and  besides  the  chiff  o!)j(>c- 
tion  against  me  is  my  praying  for  the  King.  For  this  single 
offence  I  have  been  threatened,  insulted,  condemned,  and  laid 
under  heavy  bonds,  and  for  this  J  am  now  doomed  for  trans- 
portation. My  friend,  Mr.  Lee,  is  Captain  of  a  company  at 
New  York;  Callahan  is  Caj}tain  of  a  tsvelve-gun  sloop-of-war 
in  the  King's  service;  George  Pochard  is  at  Ciuebec,  so  that 
the  situation  of  my  affairs  is  well  Known  at  all  these  j)laces." 

The  following  from  one  of  his  MSS.  will  give  an  idea  of 
his  suflerings  at  this  time: — 

"  Mr.  Bailey,  Missionary  at  Pownalborough,  liavlng  been 
concealed  in  his  own  house  for  the  space  of  five  weeks,  re- 
ceived information  that  a  design  was  formed  against  his  life. 
This  intelligence  determined  him  to  attemj)t  an  escape.  In 
consequence  of  this  determination  he  left  his  habitation  in  the 
evening  of  October  15th,  and  was  conducted  through  intricate 
paths,  about  two  miles,  by  his  brother  and  Dr.  Mayer.  It  was 
conjectured  that  some  desperate  ruffians  were  placed  at  a  lit- 
tle distance  from  the  house,  either  to  intercept  his  fiight,  or  to 


m 


^ 


i  1. 


■'  1 


^m 


■¥§ 


J 


^,i--'i 


,V 


i!  4  i 


5 1  :i 


(' 


116 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1777. 


'  1 

i 

1 

' 

4i 
■'if 

:  li 

■■ 

^  '  .1    \ 

: 

■  ■■ ', 

;  i 

,1 

(' 

, 

■  t  -'■ 

1 

' 

i 

; 

1 

;  . 

i 
i 

i  i  ■■ 

t 

- 

Ij 

...-- 

destroy  him  on  the  spot.  A  couj)le  of  young  lads  were  fired 
upon  as  they  were  riding  along  the  road,  the  people  doubtless 
imagining  Mr.  Bailey  to  be  on  horseback,  returning  home. 
He  was  constrained  to  leave  his  family  in  circumstances  truly 
distressing;  a  wife  with  a  young  infant,  and  two  girls  about 
eleven,  and  no  kind  of  provisions  or  money  for  their  support, 
except  a  few  garden  roots.  After  spending  part  of  the  night 
at  his  brother's,  he  arose  before  daylight,  and,  with  a  couple  of 
young  persons,  embarked  on  board  a  canoe,  and  under  the 
concealment  of  a  thick  fog,  escaped  to  Brunswick,  beyond  the 
limits  of  the  county  where  he  resided.  He  was  here  in  great 
anxiety,  having  money  for  only  one  day's  subsistence,  and  not 
finding  Dr.  Moor  arrived  with  his  horse,  as  he  expected,  he 
was  obliged  to  remain  several  hours  at  a  publick  house  in 
cruel  suspense,  and  exposed  to  the  observation  of  every 
traveller.  At  length  Ihe  appearance  of  his  horse  relieved  his 
perplexity,  and  enabled  him  to  pursue  his  journey  without 
molestation.  The  next  day  he  arrived  at  Falmouth,  and  was 
cordially  received  and  kindly  entertained  by  his  friends.  Some 
unexpected  benefactions  raised  his  spirits  and  encouraged  him 
to  proceed  as  far  as  Portsmouth,  the  capital  of  New  Hamp- 
shire; but  before  he  reached  this  seat  of  rebellion  he  was 
greatly  alarmed  with  the  misfortune  of  (leneral  Burgoyne  and 
the  army  under  his  command.  At  York,  he  encountered  the 
barbarous  exultations  of  the  rebels  upon  this  important  occa- 
sion ;  and  as  he  entered  Portsmouth,  the  firing  of  cannon,  the 
ringing  of  bells,  and  the  vociferation  of  the  populace  were 
circumstances  that  increased  his  chagrin.  Pie  was,  however, 
highly  caressed  by  the  friends  of  government,  who  assisted  to 
sympathize  with  him,  and  to  console  each  other  on  the  gloomy 
appearance  of  publick  alfairs. 

"  After  travelling  to  Boston  and  visiting  a  multitude  of  his 
acquaintance,  of  various  ranks,  and  of  opposite  sentiments, 
and  having  received  many  instances  of  generosity  from  the 
Royalists,  he  returned  home  about  Christmas,  and  though  he 
had  endured  great  anxiety  on  account  of  his  family,  he  had 
the  pleasure  of  finding  them  in  comfortable  circumstances,  the 


1778.] 


LIFE     OF     KEY.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


117 


frlciuls  of  govoriimeiit  having  liberally  contributed  towards 
their  support."* 

In  the  early  part  of  the  following  year,  IMr.  Bailey  received 
a  letter  from  the  Rev.  IVlalher  Byles,  formerly  Rector  of  Christ 
Church,  Boston,  but  who  had  left  the  country.  It  is  dated 
Halifax,  N.  S.,  February  17th,  1778.  The  following  is  an 
extract : — 

"  I  am  commissioned  to  inform  you,  if  you  have  not  already 
availed  yourself  of  the  collection  for  the  HuiVering  clergy  in 
America,  that  you  are  entitled  to  draw  upon  Messrs.  Hoar 
ic  Company,  Bankers,  in  Fleet  Street,  for  Fifty  Pounds,  as 
your  Dividcjid  ;  and  that  if  you  think  proper  to  enclose  your 
draft  to  Dr.  Can-T,  he  will  endeavor  to  procure  the  money,  and 
transmit,  or  pa^^  it,  as  you  shall  direct.  Your  letter  to  Dr. 
Caner  may  be  directed  to  the  New  England  Collee  House,  or 
to  the  care  of  Watson  (S:  Rashley,  iNIerchants,  on  (Jarlick  Hill, 
London,  or  to  No.  20  Suffolk  St.,  Westminster." 

Mr.  Bailey's  daily  Journal  for  the  entire  year  1777  is  miss- 
ing.    From  that  for  j)art  of  1778,  we  extract  the  following: — 

"  April  19t/t.  Easter  Sunday.  50  present.  15  Communi- 
cants. 

"  20///.     Chose  the  same  olficers." 

It  is  mentioned  occasionally  that  there  was  no  service  in 
church,  but  no  reason  is  assigned.  The  church,  however, 
appears  to  have  been  open  the  greater  part  of  the  first  four 
months  of  this  year,  with  an  attendance  varying  from  twelve 
to  tifty-six.  A  number  of  infants  were  baptized  by  Mr.  Bailey 
in  the  same  time,  in  various  parts  of  this  region. 

Mr.  Bailey  left  home  on  the  19th  July  of  this  year,  on  a 
journey  to  Boston,  and  was  absent  some  four  weeks.  A  full 
journal  of  occurrences  at  this  time  is  preserved,  and  some 
things  recorded  in  it  are  thought  worthy  of  being  extracted: — 

"  J///^  20///.     Left  the  mouth  of  the  Kennebec  River. 

"  22(/.  Arrived  in  Boston.  I  was  received  by  Rev.  Mr. 
Parker  and  his  lady  with  the  highest  tokens  of  tenderness  and 
politeness. 

*  Note  J. 


I'  fl 

■i    19 

■'.  :>  4l 

;  4 

.1, 

1' 

? 

1 

t 

ffl  i 

1 

Wi, 


1:4 


!■ 


Ill  i  i 


Iff  • '! 


^1, 


■.^■S       :l 


f  ::\ 


i 


¥. 


r 


m 


I:"'! 


!:■,:( 


118 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1778. 


^^  Jul// 22(1  Affrr  l)rralirast  went  to  visit  the  famous  Dr. 
Byk's,  who  was  ih'taiucd  a  prisoner  in  his  own  hons(\  He 
received  me,  aecordins^  to  his  manner,  with  great  freedom,  and 
(Mitertained  me  witli  a  variety  of  puns.  lie  was  mightily 
pK-ased  with  the  letters  I  bronght  iiim  from  his  son  and  grand- 
daughter, and  inslnv.'ted  his  (hin<:;hters,  a  cou|)le  of  fine  young 
ladies,  to  read  them,  I  observed  that  he  had  a  large  colled  ion 
of  cm-iositics,  and  the  l)est  library  I  had  seen  in  this  country. 
He  is  a  gentleman  of  learning  and  great  iinaginalion,  has  an 
uncommon  share  of  ))ride,  and  though  agreeable  when  dis- 
coursing upon  any  subject,  yet  the  j)er]ie1ual  reach  after  puns 
renders  his  ordinary  conversation  rather  distasteful  to  persons 
of  clei;:mce  and  r(>(inement.  lie  <javo  me  ji  circumstantial 
tn  cc)'!'  uf  his  trial  when  condeumed  for  transportation.  He 
carefully  preserved  his  talent  for  punning  through  the  M'hole. 
I  r<-C(^!iect  o»'(>  instance:  when  he  was  conducted  into  the 
aj)artnunt  where  his  judges  sat  with  great  solemnity,  who 
desired  him  to  sit  by  the  fire,  as  the  weather  was  cold,  '  (ien- 
tlemen,'  said  he,  'when  T  came  among  you  I  expected  perse- 
cution, but  I  could  not  think  you  would  have  offered  me  the 
fire  so  suddenly  I'  After  looking  at  several  fine  prospects,  and 
hearing  two  or  three  tunes  on  the  organ  by  one  of  his  daugh- 
ters, I  took  my  leave,  wiih  an  invitation  and  promise  to  renew 
iny  visit.  I  then  repaired  to  Mr.  Domett's,  and  was  kindly 
received  by  that  worthy  and  benevolent  couple.  They  no 
sooner  perceived  the  poverty  and  vuicouthness  of  my  apjjarel, 
than  they  contributed  towards  a  reparation,  and  furnished  me 
with  a  handsome  coat,  jacket  and  breeches.  My  dress  before 
this  recruit  was  as  follows:  an  old  rusty  thread-bare  black 
coat,  which  had  been  turned,  and  the  button-holes  worked 
with  thread  almost  white,  with  a  number  of  breaches  about 
the  elbows;  a  jacket  of  the  same,  much  fractured  about  the 
button-holes,  and  hanging  loose,  occasioned  by  the  leanness 
of  my  carcass,  which  was  at  this  time  greatly  emaciated  by 
the  constant  exercise  of  temperance ;  a  pair  of  breeches,  con- 
structed of  coarse  bed-tick,  of  a  dirty  yellow  colour,  and  so 
uncoat  (sic)  as  to  sutler  several  repairs,  in  particular,  a  per- 
pendicular patch  upon  each  knee  of  a  difierent  complexion 


1778.] 


LIFE     OV     REV.     JACOB     B  A  I  L  i;  Y 


Hi) 


from  tlu!  original  piece;  a  |)air  of  1)lno  tiiick-soainod  stockings, 
well  adapted  to  exelndo  tlie  extreme;  heat  ol"  the  season  ;  a  hat 
\vith  many  holes  in  the  brim,  adorni'd  willi  mneh  darning  in 
other  |)laees,  of  a  decent  medium  betweiMi  hhiclc  !\nd  wliite. 
My  wig  was  called  white  in  better  days,  but  now  rescml)letl 
in  colour  an  old  greasy  bed  blanket;  the  curls,  alas!  had  long 
since  departed,  and  the  locks  hung  lank,  deformed,  anil  clam- 
my about  my  neck,  while  the  shrinking  caul  lift  both  my  ears 
exposed  to  publick  view.  But  the  generous  Mr.  Parker  soon 
made  me  a  present  of  a  very  elegant  wig,  which,  though  it 
might  not  furnish  n.y  brain  with  an  atldition  of  wisdom,  yet 
certainly  enabled  me  to  shew  my  head  with  greati-r  conli- 
dence.     *     »     * 

"//'/y27///.  Called  upon  Mr.  Ilaskins  according  to  agree- 
ment.    He  gave  me  fifteen  dollars. 

"28///.  This  morning  called  upon  Mrs.  Domett,  who  gave 
me  fourteen  dollars  in  paper  and  three  dollars  and  five  crowns 

in  silver,  which,  she  assiu'ed  me,  was  a  present  from young 

ladies  through  James ,  about  17,  and  the  other  Hi  years. 


The  same  day  received  live  dollars  from 


and  (Jreen, 


and  thirty  dollars  from  the  Church  Wardens. 

"29///.  Concluded  this  morning,  notwithstanding  the  con- 
tempt which  is  poured  upon  the  Britons  from  every  (piarter,  to 
jK'tition  the  Council  for  liberty  to  depart  for  Nova  Scotia  with 
my  family;  and,  because  I  perceived  that  our  magistrates 
could  not  admit  of  pleas  of  conscience,  I  confined  myself  to 
the  sim|)le  article  of  poverty.  Mr.  Parker  had  in  tin;  morning 
obtained  leave  of  jNIr.  Powell,  the  President,  to  oiler  my  peti- 
tion. Accordingly,  having  it  prepared,  1  went  down  to  the 
Court-house  and  |)resented  it  to  that  gentleman,  who  engaged 
to  give  me  his  interest.  Drank  tea  with  Dr.  Byles  and  his 
daughters. 

"  Aiiiiiisl  2d.  This  day  being  Sunday  could  not  assist  Mr. 
Parker  for  want  of  a  suitable  discourse.  As  I  was  walking  to 
church  h\  the  morning  Mr.  Lash  put  a  guinea  into  my  hand. 

"4///.  Received  this  day  eight  dollars  from  Mr.  Thomas 
Amory. 


II 


III  I 


K    1 


w 


1 


120 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1778. 


1  '^'-■'■^ 

i 

%\ 


I   -  ■  '< 


,    :i!i 


:!  -Ki 


"6///.  After  tliiiiun- wjiitod  nj)on  Dr.  liloyJ.  *  »  The 
Dr.  at  parting  gave  ine  nine  dollars. 

"7//<.  This  nioriiiiig  at  Mr.  Wallace's,  where  IMr.  William 
Gardiner  introdncrd  me  to  Mv.  Reed,  a  gentleman  wlio  had 
been  earled  out  of  town.  He  made  me  a  present  of  twelve 
dollars.  A  few  minutes  before  the  hour  appointed  I  arrived 
at  Mr.  Domett's,  and  just  after  I  was  seated  a  gentleman  rap- 
ped at  the  door  and  gave  Mrs.  Domett  a  paper  for  me.  She 
informed  me  that  it  was  Mr.  Erskine,  an  Irish  gentleman. 
Upon  opening  the  pajier  we  found  enclosed  two  hundred  and 
seventeen  dollars.  This  Mr.  Ersliine  gave  me  at  Portsmouth, 
last  November,  sixteen  dollars.  lie  is  nejihew  to  Sir  William 
Erskine,  Colonel  of  the  Edinborough  regiment,  raised  for  the 
Service  against  America.  He  now  (?xerted  himself  in  collect- 
ing this  money  for  me  among  his  accjuaintance  from  a  princi- 
ple of  pure  generosity.  #  «  *  When  I  came  home,  Mr. 
Warner  sent  his  compliments,  witii  a  very  good  surtout  and 
twenty  dollars. 

"  8///.  This  morping  took  a  breakfast  at  Mr.  Domett's,  and 
while  I  was  in  that  tiospitable  and  lucky  mansion  had  twenty- 
one  dollars  sent  me  by  Mrs.  Sheaf.  *  *  »  I  then  j)aid  Mrs. 
Renkin  and  received  my  note.  **«#»#*  Mr.  Parker 
gave  me  a  very  sensible  letter  to  Major  Goodwin,  and  his 
worthy  lady  furnished  me  with  provisions  for  my  passage. 
The  kindness  and  generosity  of  this  agreeable  pair  ought  to 
excite  my  warmest  gratitude,  for,  not  to  mention  my  board 
and  lodging  for  near  three  weeks,  I  received  from  them  in  pre- 
sents to  the  value  of  Xlo,  lawful  money.  About  10  o'clock 
Dr.  Miers  and  I  took  our  leave,  and  embarked  on  board  Capt. 
Smith.     *      *     About  11  got  under  sail." 

The  next  night  found  the  vessel  in  which  Mr.  Bailey  had 
taken  passage  at  anchor  in  Portsmouth  harbor,  having  taken 
shelter  there  from  an  easterly  storm.  On  the  second  day  after 
they  had  put  into  this  port,  Mr.  Bailey  went  on  shore  to  visit 
Rev.  Mr.  Stevens,  of  Kittery,  who  had  befriended  him  when 
in  college.  Here  he  found  Rev.  Jeremy  Belknap,  (afterwards 
D.  D.,)  "  with  his  wife,  arrived  from  Dover."     "  I  quickly  per- 


'•yil 


:l 


1778.] 


LIFE     OF     llEV.     JACOB     llAILEY. 


121 


coived  liiiu,"  ^^ays  Mr.  Uiiilcy,  "to  he  n  son  of  inodcriitioii.  It 
was  evident  from  tlicir  conviTsatioii  lliat  nioi^t  of  tlu'  Congrega- 
tional ministers  are  in  very  dir«1ressed  eireiimstiinees  un  aeeoimi 
of  the  fall  of  paper  money;  iMit  when  Mr.  Belknaj)  eomphiined 
of  his  situation,  Mr.  Stevens  informed  him  that  mine  was  still 
worse,  for  I  could  receive  no  salary." 

•  *  *  •  •  t 

"25^/.  Arrived  at  Townalhorough,  where  I  had  the  satis- 
faction of  finding  my  family  in  good  lu-altli,  though  they  had 
greatly  sufl'ered  in  my  absence!  for  want  of  provisions." 

Four  days  after  his  arrival  Mr.  liaiiey  wroti;  lo  Mr.  Domett, 
in  Boston.  In  this  letter  he  says:  "I  am  prohibited,  in  the 
strongest  terms,  by  Col.  Cushing,*  from  olliciating  any  longer, 
and  though  I  have  promised  to  ac(juiesce,  yet  he  still  threatens 
to  impose  the  oath." 

Jn  writing  to  Mr.  John  Pickering,  Speaker  of  the  House  of 
Representatives,  he  says,  "1  was  taken  into  a  list  on  the 
Transportation  Act  last  summer,  and  after  having  had  the 
matter  debated  several  hours  in  a  full  town  meeting,  I  was 
voted  not  inimical,  l)y  a  large  majority.  Our  magistrates, 
being  enraged  at  this  disappointment,  issued  out  a  warrant, 
notwithstanding,  to  apprehend  me.  The  judges  and  jury, 
being  of  their  appointment,  I  knew  that  there  was  no  possibil- 
ity of  my  escaping  if  I  came  to  trial.  This  determined  me  to 
continue  prisoner  in  my  own  house,  till  my  health  was  aflect- 
ed,  and  I  |)erceived  it  to  be  no  longer  a  place  of  security.  I 
then  lied  about  the  middle  of  Octtiber  last  in  the  night,  and 
continued  roving  about  New  Hampshire  and  elsewhere  till 
the  act  expired.  I  left  my  family  in  very  distressed  circum- 
stances, my  wife  having  a  sucking  child,  suHered  greatly  for 
want  of  provisions  before  she  obtained  any  relief.  I  have 
been  unable  to  receive  any  part  of  ruy  salary  since  June,  177'3, 
which  has  obliged  me  to  work  hard  for  my  subsistence,  but 
these  restless  spirits  will  neither  sutler  me  to  enjoy  a  moment's 
repose,  nor  to  reap  the  fruits  of  my  labours.  When  the  act 
for  swearing  took   place,   I  was   immediately  pursued   on  a 


l|  i 


■M 


16 


*  lligli  Slieiifr  of  the  County. 


100 

X  WW 


r  II  o  N  T I  r,  11    missionary;    or, 


I! 

I,;  'iji 

1 


[177S. 


I ''■■'i 


1    I, 


'  I 


•I:  J 


ri'i 


rnagistnitc's  warrant,  but  Ix'forc  it  was  ])r<)p('rly  '"'"'vcd  T  was 
constrained  to  petition  tlio  Council  for  leave  to  depart  int(i 
Nova  8eo*ia;  the  matter  was  suspended  till  the  expedition 
against  Newport  slionid  be  over. 

"  I  returned  from  ]Josto!i  a  few  days  si  nee,  but  am  threat- 
ened with  immediate  imprisonment  if  ever  I  attempt  to  oJli- 
ciate  again,  either  in  publieic  or  private,  by  which  means  1  am 
dei)rived  of  every  su|)port,  e.\cej>t  what  arises  from  charity.  In 
]5oston  I  was  treated  with  great  comj>assion  and  tench'rness, 
both  by  Whigs  and  Tories,  and  received  several  generous 
benefacrtions,  even  from  the  former.  But  (hu'ing  this  absence 
my  family  severely  felt  tlie  distresses  of  hunger  and  faujine, 
and  sometimes  had  nothing  to  eat  for  several  days  together 
but  an  handful  of  vegetables  and  a  little  milk  and  water,  and 
at  other  times  they  remained  twenty-four  hours  without  any 
sustenance  at  all,  till  Mrs.  Bailey  had  almost  d<>termined  to 
die  rather  than  make  her  situation  known,  for  it  has  long  been 
criminal  for  any  p(>rson  in  this  country  to  allbrd  us  supj)ort, 
and  many  have  been  prosecuted  as  Tories  for  no  other  reason. 
Human  nature  cannot  but  reflect  with  reluctance  upon  such 
unchristian  and  cruel  proceedings,  neither  is  it  possible  for 
sulVerers  to  love  and  esteem  thosne  institutions  which  put  it  in 
the  power  of  bad  men  to  indulge  their  ill  iiature,  their  malice 
and  revenge,  on  innocent  and  defenceless  objects. 

"  Being  afterwards  at  a  settlement  about  fifty  miles  from 
my  own  habitation,  at  the  requisition  of  the  j)eople  to  preach 
and  baptize  their  children,  I  was  assaulted  by  a  violent  mob 
armed  with  clubs,  axes,  and  other  weapons,  who  stripped  me 
naked  in  search  of  papers,  pretending  that  I  had  conceived  a 
design  of  escaping  to  Ciuebeck." 

The  following  was  addressed  to  Eev.  S.  Parker,  Rector  of 
Trinity  Church,  Boston,  and  is  dated  October  1st,  1778: — 

"  In  order  to  explain  a  little  the  nature  of  my  situation,  and 
to  elucidate  the  character  of  my  persecutors,  I  beg  leave  to  re- 
late the  following  incident.  The  County  Court  is  now  sitting, 
and  I  am  this  minute  informed  that  I  am  presented  before  the 
Grand  Jury  for  preaching  treason  on  the  Sunday  after  Easter. 
When  I  came  to  examine  the  matter  I  found  there  was  noth- 


177ft.] 


L I  V  E    O  r     II  F,  V .    J  A  (•  ()  n     1»  A  I  L  i:  Y . 


12:J 


' )) 


iiig  ill  citlicr  of  niv  sermons  wliicli  toiidi'd  in  the  remotest 
souse  to  niedclh!  with  the  |)reseiit  times  ;  this  iiulneed  me  to 
search  the  h-ssoiis  for  tlie  day,  and  I  presently  found  that  th(i 
sixteenth  eliapter  of  Numbers  was  the  h-sson  appointed  in  th(! 
IMorninfif  Service,  and  that  the  twenty-sixth  verse  contained 
ahuost  the  very  words  sworn  to  in  the  (h'position  upon  which 
thoy  foun(h'd  their  pre:  -ntmenl.  In  order  to  save  you  the 
troubh;  of  opeiiinj^  your  IJihk'  I  will  (juote  you  the  words: 
'  And  he  spake  »uito  the  congre<j;ation  saying.  Depart,  I  pray 
you,  from  the  tents  of  these  wicked  men,  atul  touch  nothing 
of  theirs,  lest  ye  he  consiuned  in  all  their  sins 

"The  Grand  .fury,  however,  at  the  instance  of  Langdon,  the. 
attorney,  refused  to  find  a  bill." 

In  writing  to  another  friend,  Mr.  IJailey  mentions  that  he 
"gave  the  earliest  intelligence  of  the  al)Ove-named  matter  to 
Rev.  Mr.  Parker,  who  presented  his  letter  to  the  Coiuicil,  at 
which  they  lauglu'd  very  heartily.  M.  and  N.,  ignorant  of  my 
correspondence,  hastened  up  to  Boston  with  the  fellow's  depo- 
isition  on  which  the  comjjlaint  w^as  founded,  determined  to 
prevent,  if  possible,  the  success  of  my  petition,  but  though 
wafted  upon  the  wings  of  malice  and  ill-nature,  their  arrival 
was  too  late." 

The  following:  extract  from  a  letter  written  in  November  of 


'» 


this  year,  shows  that  the  troubles  of  this  poor  Missionary  were 
far  from  being  ended:  "About  the  beginning  of  November  I 
received  a  permission  from  the  General  Court  to  remove  with 
my  family  and  substance  to  Halifax,  but  no  op|)ortunity  |)re- 
senting,  after  a  double  disappointment  in  attempting  to  get 
away,  and  tlu;  severe  season  advancing,  I  ventured  again  to 
perform  Divine  Service,  being  earnestly  intreated  by  my  par- 
ishioners, and  compelled  by  the  followin:.  i.jducements :  I 
considered  that  Mr.  Gushing  had  no  authority  to  siletic*;  me, 
as  there  was  no  law  in  this  or  any  of  the  United  States  to 
prohibit  persons  from  preaching,  and  that  no  minister  of  any 
denomination  was  retpiired  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 
qualify  him  for  the  discharge  of  his  oilice ;  neither  has  the 
oath,  as  far  as  I  can  learn,  been  tendered  to  any  preacher.  I 
reflected  that  this  attempt  to  prevent  the  performance  of  Di- 


1^ 


1 


mi 


'w 


i 


i^ 


i  I  Vi 


124 


T'llONTIKIl     AflSSION  A  f  J  V 


OR, 


[1778. 


villi'  Service  iiiiist  hi'  icifardrd  ;is  a  prol'imc  iiiul  (liiriii*,'  intru- 
sion upon  siUTcd  tliiii<j;s,  and  not  only  a  manirt'sf  invasion  of 
our  ri'liijjioiis,  as  well  as  civil  rights,  hut  an  impious  (lcsi«,Mi.  as 
iriiich  as  possihjc,  to  allcct  Ihc  spiritual  interest,  and  even  to 
iiijnre,  if  nol  to  destroy,  the  souls  of  my  parishioners;  and  fiir- 
tlicr,  that  such  eoiidnct  would  he  received  and  cotriiiieiit  "^  on 
in  any  other  Cliristian  country,  as  a  crime  of  the  most  d  r- 

ous,  horrid,  and  mali;^Miant  nature.  I  considen-d  myself  as 
under  the  rnost  sacred  o!)ligatioiis  to  perform  the  W(M'sliip  of 
(lod,  and  to  iirciich  amon''  mv  ))eople,  until  pre\('nted  hv  m 


> 


nhsence,  or  restrained  l)y  the  laws  of  my  country,  especially 
when  there  is  no  Reliifioiis  Society  of  our  own,  or  any  other 
denomination,  a\  here  we  could  possihiy  attend.  1  jilainly  per- 
C(>ived  that  the  yoiin*,'  people  were  strolling  ahont  with  littlo 
rci^ard  for  the  Lord's  Day,  that  all  sense  of  relii,non  was  in. 
(hmifcr  of  heing  expelled,  and  that  nothing  could  be  ^-xpectcd 
l)nt.  the  fatal  consecpieiices  of  vice,  irreligion,  and  profaneness, 
1  must  confess,  however,  that  1  found  myself  in  a  very  dis- 
tressing dilemma — the  inveterate  malice  of  iny  enemies  o'  'C 
one  hand,  and  the  obligations  of  conscience  and  duty  c 
other;  here  their  illegal  and  arbitrary  mantlate.s  to  restrain, 
th(M'e  the  dictates  of  reason  and  humanity,  and  even  the  au- 
thority of  Ileaven  to  compel  me.  Could  1  hesitate  any  long(>r? 
You  may  depend  upon  it,  this  is  all   I  hav(>  done  to  rekindle 


the  indi'Miation  of  these  restle 


)iriti 


aiu 


1   I 


im  nersecu 


ted 


afresh,  not  for  ])eing  an  enemy  to  iriy  country,  but  for  preach- 
ing the  (lospel  and  performing  Divine  Service  among  a  set  of 


poor 


ind  inolleiisive  i)eoi)le,  who  are  indeed  rei>roached  and 


pr( 


])ersecuted  for  their  attachment  to  me." 

Mr.  Bailey  states,  in  a  letter  to  a  friend,  that  "on  the  S 


un- 


day  before  Christmas,  the  weather  being  pleasant  for  this  tur- 
bulent season,  we  had  a  full  congregation,  and  this  indignant 
magistrate,*  observing  a  number  of  people  passing  by  his  house 
in  their  attendance  upon  Divine  Service,  sent  directly  for  one 
of  my  \Yardens,  and  \yith  a  (huuing  countenance  and  haughty 
tone  of  voice,  and  the  most  insolent  airs  of  authority,  ordered 


The  High  SherifT. 


ITTS.] 


LIl'L     or     Ui;V.     JA(()1J     ItAII.KV. 


li.^ 


Iiiiii  <(>  (liTivcr  me  ilie  following  imprrioiis  tnpf«sng»':  '  Trll  tlio 
Parson  that  if  \w  prcsunics  to  discliargc  liis  rinidions  aiiy 
longcr,  1  will  iinincdiatcly  i-ominit  jiini  to  prison,  and  that  if 
lie  do  not  cnlcr  into  a  written  agreement  to  forbear  the  exer- 
t'ise  of  i'nhjiek  Worship,  I  will  myself  ap|)ear  on  Chiistmas 
day,  attended  with  a  number  of  resolute  fellows,  and  drag  him 
headlong  out  of  the  pulpit.'  lint  he  lirndy  promised,  at  the 
same  time,  that  he  would  never  molest  me  whilst  I  ei)ntinued 
in  my  own  house." 

Mr.  l^ailey  sent  a  letter  to  this  individual,  in  which  he  say^, 
"my  intentions  wen?  immediately  to  remove  upon  my  receiv- 
ing jiermission  from  the  ((ii'neral)  Court.  Hut  having  met 
with  ont!  or  two  disajipointinents,  and  the  wint<'r  julvanting 
in  all  it.s  horrors,  I  Jbund  it  im|)ossil)le  to  depart  till  the 
wi-ather  should  become  more  settled;  since  no  one  could  be 
prevailed  upon  to  venture  either  himself,  or  ves.-el  in  such  a 
stormy  season;  and  besides,  to  undertake  a  voyag(!  with  a 
woman  and  young  child  in  any  convenience  I  am  able  to 
jirocure,  I  must  be  divested  both  of  humanity  and  common 
j)rndence.  Heing  detained  in  this  manner  I  was  induced  to 
preach  at  the  earnest  desire  of  my  |iarishioners,  to  whom  I  am 
under  the  highest  obligations  of  gratitude  for  their  kind  and 
generous  concern  to  relievo  me  in  my  necessitous  circum- 
stances. I  considered  that  it  was  certainly  my  duty  to  comply 
with  tlioir  request  till  my  removal ;  that  it  could  not  possibly 
injure  any  person  alive,  nor  occasion  any  damage  to  my  coun- 
tj-y,  for  which  I  shall  always  retain  the  warmest  aflection;  and 
that  it  Was  m^t  repugnant  to  any  laws,  since  preachers  of  all 
denominations,  as  Ana-baptists,  Separates,  Quakers,  ])risoners, 
&c.,  aro  allowed  to  preach  witliOJit  either  taking  the  oath,  or 
suffering  any  kind  of  molestation.  *****  Will  it  aflbrd 
you  any  satisfaction,  on  the  one  hand,  to  enforce  the  oath  at 
the  expense  of  my  conscience,  and  the  destruction  of  my  inter- 
est, or  on  the  other  to  confine  me  in  a  wretched  prison,  to  the 
ruin  of  my  health,  and  perhaps  my  life?  *  *  *  I  must  again 
repeat  my  desire  of  entering  into  some  friendly  agreement,  and 
that  you  will  not  put  me  to  the  trouble  and  expense  of  making 
another  application  to  the  General  Court." 


■if 


i       I 


m: 


■fit  I 


12G 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


ii  I;  ^       i      i. 


IJI! 


The  next  clay  after  this  letter  was  delivered  was  Cliri?.trnas. 
On  account  of  the  extreme  severity  of  the  weather,  divine  ser- 
vice was  omitted.  Mr.  Bailey's  family,  witli  a  few  friends, 
had  jnst  sat  down  to  dinner,  when  the  High  SherilV  entered 
the  house.  A  female  relative  who  was  present  went  into  the 
kitciien  where  this  olTicer  was,  and  endeavored  to  "  mitigate  the 
passion  which  inllamed  him."  During  the  conversation,  one  of 
his  deputies  and  a  relative  joined  the  principal  actor  in  this 
business.  The  former  uttered  language  marked  by  profane- 
ness  and  obscenity,  which  so  provoked  a  faithful  man  servant 
that  he  threatened  him  with  personal  violence  if  it  should  ha 
repeated.  This  immediately  caused  the  deputy  to  attack  the 
servant.     *     *     * 

The  account  breaks  od"  abruptly  at  this  point.  The  above 
imperfect  narrative  has  been  inserted  to  fill  out,  in  a  measure, 
the  picture  of  the  troubles  that  Mr.  Bailey  experienced  after 
he  had  received  permission  from  the  highest  authority  to  leave 
the  country,  and  was  hindered  from  availing  himself  of  that 
permission  only  by  unavoidable  circumstances. 

Mr.  Bailey  was  waiting  for  a  i)ro[)er  opportunity  of  removing 
to  Halifax.  This  opportunity  did  not  oiler  till  June  of  the 
following  year,  1779. 

The  Church  at  Georgetown  had  been  under  the  care  of  the 
subject  of  this  Memoir  ^Vom  his  first  arrival  in  Kennebec,  ex- 
cepting the  four  years  covered  by  the  ministry  of  the  Rev.  "W. 
W.  Wheeler.  'IMie  following  from  a  letter  of  Rev.  J.  W. 
Weeks,  in  1778,  to  the  Venerable  Society,  is  a  part  of  the  his- 
tory of  that  parish  :*  "  When  1  was  in  that  part  of  the  country 
I  baptized  many  children  and  married  several  couples.  The 
Church  at  Georgetown  is  made  up  of  several  wealthy  farmers, 
who  are  noted  loyalists.  I  oiVered  to  preach  to  them,  but  they 
were  afraid  to  sutler  me.  They  were  all  o!)]iged  to  pay  taxes 
to  the  dissenting  ministers,  and  they  dared  not  dispute  it."  f 

The  sulTerings  of  many  people  in   Maitie  during  the  latter 


*  Hawkins*  History  of  Missions,  etc.,  p.  2'hi. 

t  The  Churchmen  i>i  Georgetown  hail  been  deprived  of  the  benefit  of  their  own 
rates  or  taxes  in  1767.    See  under  that  year. 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


127 


portion  of  Mr.  Bailey's  rcsi(l(Mice  there,  and  the  distresses  of 
himself  and  family  are  stated  in  a  letter  to  a  friend  :  "This 
reminds  me,  l^y  way  of  eonelnsion,  to  exeite  in  your  mind  some 
faint  idea  of  the  soareity  whieh  prevails  thronghont  the  coun- 
try. Multitudes  of  people,  who  formerly  lived  in  aflluence, 
are  now  destitute  of  a  morsel  of  bread,  and  the  remainder  are 
reduced  to  a  very  scanty  allowance.  Several  families  in  the 
lower  towns,  and  in  the  Eastern  country,  have  had  no  bread 
in  their  houses  for  three  months  together,  and  the  anxiety  and 
distress  which  this  occasions  are  truly  alVecting.  CJreat  num- 
bers who  inhabit  near  the  sea  coast,  and  even  at  the  distance 
of  twenty  miles,  after  being  starved  into  ski-letons  for  want  of 
provisions,  hiv(^  repaired  to  the  clam  baidis  for  a  resource; 
while  others,  who  were  prevented  by  their  circumstances,  or 
distant  situation,  from  acquiring  this  kind  of  food,  were  still  in 
a  more  calamitous  condition.  I  have  myself  been  witness  to 
several  exquisite  scenes  of  anguish,  besides  feeling  in  my  own 
bosom  the  bitterness  of  hunger,  and  the  utmost  anxiety  for 
the  subsistence  of  my  family.  I  have  seen  among  my  neigh- 
bours the  most  striking  horrors  of  naivedui'ss  and  famine. 
Many  during  the  i)inching  cold  and  storms  of  winter,  exj)osed 
to  all  the  roughness  and  severity  of  the  season,  had  the  misfor- 
tune to  buflet  the  turbulence  of  the  weather  without  shoes  or 
stockings,  or  even  shirts.  And  when  the  spring  advanced  to 
atlord  them  a  kindly  warmth,  destitute  of  anything  to  answer 
the  importunate  demands  of  nature,  except  a  precarious  supply 
obtained  from  their  charitable  friends,  who  had  not  sullicientto 
silence  their  own  necessito-is  cravings.  Several  families  within 
the  compass  of  my  own  knowledge  have  been  for  a  long  sea- 
son deprived  of  all  sustenance  agreeable  to  their  palates,  or 
adapted  to  the  nourisiunent  and  support  of  the  human  body. 
It  was  impossible  to  procure  grain,  potatoes,  or  any  other  spe- 
cies of  vegetable;  flesh,  butter  and  milk,  were  equally  scarce; 
no  tea,  sugar,  or  molasses,  to  be  purchased  on  any  terms  ; 
nothing,  in  a  word,  but  a  littL-  cotfee,  with  l)oiIed  alewives,  or 
a  re|)ast  of  clams,  and  even  of  this  unwholesome  diet  not 
enough  to  gratify  the  cravings  of  nature.  I  have  walked 
abroad  after  a  breakfast  of  these  ingredients,  weak  and  feeble 


i;  I 


''\\->\ 


l\ 


.i::l 


!   '-v: 


I;I1 


ill   1 


M; 


!■  ■-it 

lit  ■''.»;. 
it 


':i^i 


i;!.'  '  I 


I?' 


■1 "' 

1    1; 


I'  il 


1 

il 

■  1 

'; ; ;  "i 

128 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


mysell,  in  hopes  to  obtain  a  dinner  among  my  more  wealthy 
ac([iiaintance,  and  have  returned  home  dirsappoinled  of  my 
expectations,  and  when  in  other  phices  I  have  received  an 
invitation  to  eat,  have  rt^fused,  because  I  conld  not  find  an 
heart  to  dej)rive  a  number  of  starvii  g  children  of  their  pitiful 
allowancte,  who  were  staring  upon  me  with  hollow,  jjiercing 
eyes,  and  pale  and  languid  faces." 

Two  or  three  letters  from  his  correspondents,  and  a  very 
meagre  Journal  for  the  four  first  months  of  1779,  are  all  the 
papers  referring  to  the  early  part  of  that  yt  that  have  come 
into  the  hands  of  the  writer.  That  the  organization  of  the 
])arish  was  preserved  amid  the  gloom  which  was  gathering 
additional  blackness,  appears  from  the  following  entry: — 
"  April  Bt/i,  1779.  Chose  our  Church  Olficers."  * 
Some  of  the  occurrences  of  the  last  few  days  he  spent  in  his 
parish,  are  thus  related  in  a  letter  afterwards  written  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Society  for  Pro|iagating  the  Gospel,  &:c. :  "  I 
however  continued  to  baptize  their  children,  to  visit  the  sick, 
and  to  bury  the  dead,  till  about  a  fortnight  before  I  left  the 
country,  when  the  above-mentioned  sheriff,  with  some  of  his 
mischievous  gang,  appeared  at  a  funeral,  to  apprehend  me; 
but  through  the  vigilance  oi  friends  1  had  timely  notice,  and 
escaped  the  danger."  f 


*  It  mny  bo  of  intcrpst  to  record  the  niinics  of  the  oflicors  of  St.  Jolui's  Church, 
Powiialborouu;h,  in  the  tr.mblous  times  spoken  of  in  the  text.  Tliey  are  taken  from 
a  petition  sent  to  the  Ilii^h  Sheriff  of  Lincoln  cn>int_v,  dated  Deccnilwr  '21th,  177'S. 
The  petitioners  desire  that  Mr.  Bailey  may  be  allowed  to  officiate  the  few  Sundays 
which  remained  before  he  should  eml)ark  for  Ilalifa.x.  This  petition  is  signed  by 
Samuel  Goodwin,  Herrick  Pillul,  C/iiirc/i  W'anlint ;  I'tter  Pochard,  David  I'a.ley, 
George  G  )ud.  Philip  Mayer,  George  Mayer,  Louis  lloudlette,  J'cutri/. 

t  See  Note  K. 


1779.] 


LIFE     or     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


129 


CHAPTER  VII. 


TiiK  materials  for  continuing  this  Biogra|)l)y  after  tlic  last 
date  mentioned  in  the  preceding  chapter,  are  to  be  fotind  in  a 
"  Journal  of  a  voyage  frotn  Pownajboro' to  Halifax,  with  no- 
tices of  some  events  in  the  latter  place."  A  portion  of  this 
MS.  has  unfortunately  been  lost,  and  it  terminates  abruptly, 
but  it  is  thought  that  the  greater  part  of  what  remains  is  wor- 
thy of  publication. 

"  June  Itli,  1779.  We  arose  this  morning  before  the  sun  and 
began  to  prepare  for  our  expulsion,  our  hearts  replete  with  ap- 
prehension, anxiety  and  distress. 

As  the  rising  sun  tinged  the  various  objects  around  us,  I 
beheld  tlie  once  delightful  scenes  with  bitter  emotions  of  grief. 
This,  in  a  word,  was  the  silent  language  of  our  faces  as  we 
looked  upon  each  other,  and  it  was  agreeable  to  the  inward 
impulse.  Must  we,  after  all  the  trouble,  hanassmcnt  and  crue 
j)ersecution  we  have  endured  for  the  cause  of  truth  and  virtue, 
must  we  leave  these  pleasing  scenes  of  nature,  these  i'riiMidly 
shades,  these  rising  plants,  these  opening  liowers,  these  trees 
swelling  with  fruit,  and  yonder  winding  river,  which  appears 
through  the  umbrageous  avenue,  to  revive  and  eh^vale  the 
mind  ?  We  must  no  longer  behold  the  splendid  orb  of  day 
peeping  over  the  eastern  hills  to  dissipate  the  fog,  and  to 
brighten  the  field  and  the  forest.  We  must  hear  no  more  the 
sweet  music  of  the  tuneful  tribe,  amidst  the  trembling  grove, 
to  gladden,  charm  and  animate  the  desponding  heart. 

But  we  quickly  perceived  other  objects  approaching  to  take 
a  mournful  farewell,  which  made  a  still  deeper  and  more  last- 
ing impression  on  the  wounded  spirits,  I  mean  a  number  of 
our  honest,  kind  and  generous  parishioners,  who  came  to  ofl'er 
us  their  last  assistance,  and  to  let  fall  a  parting  tear!  Mr. 
Jakin,  George  Mayer,  Mrs.  Philip  Mayer,  and  other  females, 
were  present  on  this  atTecting  occasion.  After  taking  a  very 
17 


'il 


•■I  ■V,,l;  :'' 


iviM 


1 ' 


Wl 


I'! 


\'h 


li  i  ^ 

1*  ^  • ' 

rr^ 

^\\ 

':C 

'  i 

1 

■;  ■      /  : 

1 

/  ■'  "    '  1 

W  ' 

,'V  1   -i  '■ 

jjf 

'*  1  ■' 

1 

'  '■    ■ , 

- 

111/;, 

f>f 

■I       •■- i 

« 

■  V  ',; 

i 

Jf        !        ,  ■ 

1 

•r 
i , 

i  -J   ■ "  ■ 

i 

1 
i 

II  1 

li 

: 
t 

* 

: 

,       A  ; 

Hi 

Iki 

itA.t;jMB 

130 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


slender  breakfast,  we  began  our  departure,  and  when  we  left 
the  house  and  garden,  and  turned  our  backs  upon  these  weep- 
ing friends,  I  was  obliged  to  summon  the  utmost  fortitude  to 
contend  with  the  tender  emotions  of  nature.  We  walked 
slowly  along  the  shady  road,  and  shut  out  one  enchanting 
prospect  after  another,  till  we  met  Mrs.  Pochard  and  Mrs. 
Jakin,  who,  upon  seeing  us,  were  unable  to  speak ;  the  effusions 
of  sorrow  stifled  their  voices,  and  all,  for  some  minutes,  was  a 
scene  of  silent  wo !  We  proceeded  in  this  manner  through 
Mr.  Jakin's  field,  and  when  we  were  about  to  take  a  final 
adieu,  this  kind  neighbor  threw  herself  upon  the  ground,  and 
lay  sobbing  in  that  humble  posture,  till  we  could  see  her  no 
more.  We  next  called  upon  Mr.  Malbone  and  his  wife,  and 
saw  the  tears  roll  down  their  aged  cheeks. 

Mr.  Pochard  and  his  wife,  after  we  had  taken  leave  of  the 
children,  attended  us  as  far  as  Mr.  Ridley's.  When  we 
approached  his  habitation,  he  came  out  to  meet  us,  and  snatch- 
ing me  by  the  hand,  burst  into  silent  tears. 

When  the  first  emotions  were  a  little  abated,  he  began  to 
execrate  the  villains  who  had  driven  me  from  my  friends,  my 
habitation  and  parish.  Upon  entering  the  house,  they  pre- 
vailed with  us  to  take  a  di.ih  of  tea,  and  to  accept  of  some  pro- 
visions for  our  voyage.  Col.  Taylor  presently  appeared  to  bid 
us  adieu,  and  informed  me  that  our  magistrates  were  ready  to 
abate  somewhat  of  their  former  rigor.  Several  of  the  families, 
with  Mrs.  Pochard,  followed  us  to  my  brother's,  where  another 
scene  of  grief  and  lamentation  appeared.  Mr.  Burke  and  his 
wife  brought  their  child  here  to  be  baptized,  after  which  exer- 
cise I  took  my  leave  of  all  present,  with  an  aching  heart,  and 
embarked  in  Mr.  Ridley's  boat,  Mr.  Jakin  and  George  Mayer 
attending  us  down  the  river." 

[A  few  pages  of  the  MS.  are  wanting  here.  In  that  por- 
tion of  the  Journal  which  has  been  preserved,  it  would  seem 
that  the  exiles  had  reached  the  town  of  Georgetown,  a  few 
miles  below  their  habitation,  where  they  probably  expected  to 
pas"  some  days,  before  taking  a  final  leave  of  their  native  coun- 
try. Here,  they  found  the  small  schooner  which  they  had 
engaged  for  their  voyage.]     The  account  continues  :  "  As  his 


1779.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB    BAILEY. 


131 


arrival  was  two  days  sooner  than  we  expected,  it  threw  us  into 
great  perplexity,  as  our  dependence  for  provision  was  chiefly 
on  the  generosity  of  our  Georgetown  friends,  and  besides,  Capt. 
Smith  was  still  at  home,  and  was  not  expected  till  Wednesday 
morning.  To  remedy  this  last  inconvenience,  John  was  im- 
mediately despatched  with  a  message  to  Smith,  which  laid 
him  under  the  necessity  of  travelling  all  night,  while  we  pro- 
ceeded to  Mr.  Butler's.  When  we  arrived  at  this  hospitable 
mansion,  we  had  the  disagreeable  situation  to  find  all  the  fam- 
ily in  bed.  They  arose,  however,  and  procured  us  a  supper, 
and  about  midnight  we  went  to  repose. 

June  Sth.  This  morning  we  arose,  cheerless,  before  the  sun, 
and  had  this  benevolent  family  to  attend  us.  They  prepared 
us  an  early  breakfast,  after  which  they  gave  Mrs.  Bailey  a  pot 
of  butter  and  a  salmon,  and  then  attended  us  in  solemn  pro- 
cession to  the  shore.  We  looked  upon  each  other  with  dis- 
consolate faces  and  tearful  eyes,  till  the  rapid  current  carried 
us  round  the  point,  and  excluded  us  from  .  eing  our  friends 
any  longer.  It  aflbrded  us  a  great  deal  of  concern  that  we 
were  unable  to  see  Mr.  Percey's  family  before  we  left  the  coun- 
try. We  proceeded  up  the  river  and  paid  a  short  parting 
visit  at  Mr.  Preble's.  This  friendly  and  loyal  family  gave  us 
their  hearty  good  wishes,  and  furnished  us  with  some  articles 
of  provision  for  our  voyage.  Our  next  remove  was  to  Mr. 
Carleton's.  Upon  our  arrival,  we  found  that  generous  and 
friendly  hero  gone  to  the  eastern  side  of  Pownalboro',  to  pro- 
cure us  some  provisions. 

In  the  forenoon  we  carried  our  beds,  and  the  shattered  re- 
mains of  our  fortune,  the  whole  not  worth  forty  dollars,  on 
board  our  schooner,  a  little  vessel,  not  more  than  fifteen  tons, 
with  such  slender  conveniences  that  we  were  obliged  to  make 
provision  for  lodging  in  the  hold. 

Mr.  Palmer  brought  us  several  letters  from  my  friends  at 
Broad  Bay,  containing  the  tenderest  expressions  of  good  will, 
and  the  most  hearty  and  anxious  wishes  for  our  welfare,  and 
these  were  attended  with  some  presents  to  make  us  comforta- 
ble in  our  troublesome  voyage. 

Mr.  Palmer  attended  us  in  our  return  to  Mr.   Carleton's, 


i 


I  i'  ' 


i' 

I, 

i  i 


S 


f 


'1,1, 


!  ,1: 


1 '  :! 


I, 

I     ;;■     ■ 
,1    , 


132 


rnoNTiEii   missionary;  or, 


[1779. 


where  we  dined,  ai)d  tlicn  wont  to  vif<lt  Mr.  Williani  and 
David  (lilniore.  We  passed  away  a  few  lionrs  and  then  tooiv  an 
aflectionate  farewell,  and  at  parting  received  soine  addition  to 
our  stores.  About  six  we  returned  to  Mr.  Carleton's,  and 
draiiU  eofiee  in  company  with  twenty-two  persons. 

The  wind  blowing  fresh  from  the  westward,  we  were  some- 
what alarmed  by  the  appearance  of  a  sail  standing  across  the 
bay  for  Mv.  Carleton's  landing.  Some  of  our  company  con- 
cluded that  it  was  either  Cushing,  or  some  of  his  infernal 
attendants,  approaching  with  a  mischievous  design  to  interrupt 
our  voyage.  I  was  extremely  anxious  for  the  event,  as  I  had 
a  number  of  papers  on  board  whi(!h  would  have  been  reckoned 
highly  treasonable  against  the  States;  but  when  the  people 
landed  we  pcceived  it  was  Mr.  Carleton's  brother,  from 
Piscatacjua,  who  had  excited  our  groundless  fears.  He  brought 
no  intelligence  of  a  j)ul)Iic  nature,  but  gave  us  an  account  of 
a  terrible  tem|)est  of  thunder  and  lightning,  which  consumed 
in  the  space  of  thirty  minutes  a  stately  synagogue  at  Somers- 
wortl),  destroyed  eight  sheep  at  a  little  distance,  and  twenty 
five  iu  another  Hock,  brake  to  jjieces  an  huge  rock,  and 
demolislu'd  above  forty  large  oak  trees  within  the  compass  of 
three  miles. 

We  had  long  been  waiting,  with  eager  expectation,  for  the 
arrival  of  Capt.  Smith,  and  the  rest  of  our  company,  from 
Pownalboro' ;  at  lenglli  Capt.  Smith,  Mr.  Hitchins  and  John 
made  their  appearance  to  our  great  satisfaction.  Mr.  Palmer 
persuaded  them  to  attend  him  directly  on  board  our  vessel, 
which  lay  near  Mr.  Justice  Stinson's,  at  the  distance  of  two 
miles. 

Mr.  Jakins  and  the  two  Mayers,  went  by  water,  about  an 
hour  after  sunset,  when  the  former  and  Mr.  George  Mayer, 
intending  to  set  out  for  home  very  early  in  the  morning,  took 
their  leave,  which  added  another  tender  scene  to  the  many  we 
had  already  passed  through,  and  the  honest  tears  of  affection 
and  friendship  were  shed,  on  both  sides,  in  ])lentiful  eflfusions. 

About  ten  Mr.  Carleton  returned  home  from  Witchcasset, 
and  brought  me  several  articles  from  Mr.  Wood,  together  with 
some  confused  account  of  the  expedition  against  Virginia. 


T 

b( 
o 


..iiii. 


Tffll 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     llEV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


133 


ll 


We  spent  the  rest  of  this  evening  in  an  agreeable  manner. 
The  thoughts,  however,  of  h-aving  such  benevolent  friends 
brhiiid,  exposed  to  the  rage  of  |)erseeution  and  the  vcMigeance 
of  rebels,  allorded  us  at  times  some  uneasy  sensations. 

Jtme  9l/i.  When  the  morning  opened,  we  perceived  that 
the  Westerly  winds  were  died  av.ay,  and  that  a  dry  fog  hov- 
(•red  over  the  liuiil,  which  allordi-d  ns  no  very  pleasing  piospect. 

Our  friends  were  disheartened  at  tlu;  threatening  sym|)toms 
of  drought,  and  both  corn  and  grass  were  beginning  to  languish 
in  the  tields. 

Just  before  sunrise  wc  bid  this  hospitable  family  adieu  with 
tender  regret,  and  proceeded  along  the  woods  to  the  ferry 
below  Hell's  (iate.  During  this  long  and  tedious  walk  wc 
were  greatly  incommoded  with  the  heat  of  the  season  and  the. 
innumerable  swarms  of  voracious  insects.  Upon  our  arrival 
at  the  water,  we  madi;  a  signal  for  the  boat,  and  were  carried 
on  board  the  schooner,  but,  to  our  extreme  regret,  perceived 
that  jMr.  Hitchins  had  returned  back  with  Mr.  .lakins  and 
Mayer. 

This  man  had  endured  a  variety  of  persecutions  for  his 
integrity,  and  was  now  reduced  to  extremis  poverty;  he  had  a 
wife  and  several  small  children,  but  he  concluded  that  it  was 
more  prudent  to  leave  them  to  the  mercy  of  the  country,  than 
to  run  the  risk  of  imprisonment  and  death,  without  aflording 
them  anj'^  assistance.  But  Mr.  Palmer,  not  knowing  his  real 
character,  and  thinking  that  he  would  incommode  us  in  our 
passage,  had  compelled  him,  in  a  manner,  to  leave  the  vessel. 

About  nine  we  got  under  way  with  a  gentle  breeze  fro.n 
the  south-west,  and  fell  down  between  Parker's  Island  and 
Jeremisquam  into  Sheepscot  River.  The  country  hereabouts 
made  a  romantic  appearance,  line  groves  of  tall  trees,  shrubby 
evergreens,  craggy  rocks,  cultivated  fields  and  human  habita- 
tions, alternately  presented  themselves  to  view,  and  yielded 
a  profusion  of  pleasure  to  the  imagination. 

When  w^e  entered  Sheepscot  River  the  rolling  ocean  presented 
itself  in  o|)en  prospect,  and  we  perceivc^d  a  number  of  vessels 
sailing  at  a  distance.     About  two  o'clock  we  got  into  the  sea, 


I: 


1  !i 


134 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


y\'\ 


"M 


ill  ■  '1    1 


m 


^ul 


1 


and  began  to  steer  towards  the  east,  but  the  wind  failing  we 
made  but  a  slow  progress. 

We  attempted  to  avoid  a  fishing  vessel  in  our  neighborhood, 
lest  some  accident  should  interrupt  our  voyage,  but  we  were 
unable  to  carry  our  intention,  for  she  came  alongside,  and  we 
found  the  schooner  belonged  to  Dennis  Gatchell,  of  Bodingham, 
a  late  convert  from  rebellion  and  independence.  He  gave  us 
a  little  salt,  and  pronounced  his  benediction. 

As  night  approached  it  grew  perfectly  calm,  and  we  were 
obliged  to  anchor  in  Cape  Newaggen  harbour,  a  little  to  the 
west  of  Booth  Bay.  This  is  an  excellent  station  for  small 
shipping.  The  land  rises  with  an  easy  slope  from  the  water's 
edge  on  the  north  and  partly  on  the  east,  while  the  remainder 
is  surrounded  with  islands  on  which  were  erected  fishermen's 
huts.  Between  these  islands  you  pass  into  the  harbour  through 
very  small  inlets. 

Soon  after  our  arrival,  Mr.  Gatchell  came  in  and  dropped 
an  anchor  near  us.  As  I  am  always  impatient  to  go  on  shore 
whenever  it  is  possible,  I  persuaded  our  men  to  get  the  boat 
in  readiness,  and  Mr.  Palmer  and  Mrs.  Bailey,  her  neice  and 
little  son, accompanied  me;  we  landed  upon  the  northern  shore. 

The  land,  from  the  water  to  some  considerable  distance,  was 
destitute  of  trees  and  covered  with  grass  exceedingly  green 
and  flourishing,  notwithstanding  the  dryness  of  the  season ; 
the  soil,  though  rocky,  is  rich,  and  we  observed  that  the  plants 
and  flowers,  which  grew  in  abundance,  were  large  and  thriving. 
We  followed  some  of  the  winding  paths  towards  the  east,  till 
the  prospect  opened  into  Townsend  harbour,  which  stretches 
a  long  way  from  the  sea  up  to  the  northward.  After  we  had 
diverted  ourselves  awhile  with  walking  among  these  romantic 
scenes,  we  returned  near  the  landing,  and  reposed  upon  the 
grass  till  evening  advanced  to  spread  abroad  her  cooling  and 
refreshing  shades.  While  we  continued  here,  I  observed  at 
some  distance,  the  ruins  of  an  human  habitation,  with  the 
vestiges  of  a  garden,  constructed  among  the  rocks.  This,  Mr. 
Palmer  informed  me,  was  formerly  the  abode  of  an  hermit, 
who,  meeting  with  a  cruel  disappointment  in  a  love  matter, 


^ 


,';i  '    1 


1779.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEV. 


135 


retired  from  all  society,  and  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days, 
to  extreme  old  age,  in  this  forsaken  retreat.  Mr.  Gatchcll 
came  on  shore,  and  entered  into  a  long  conversation  with  us, 
concerning  his  former  conduct  and  present  sentiments  \vith  re- 
gard to  the  American  rebellion.  He  had  been  both  a  committee 
man  and  a  captain  of  the  Militia,  till  falling  in  company  with 
the  famous  Mr.  Sands,*  he  changed  his  licentious  principles, 
and  from  a  furious  and  revengeful  rebel,  became  a  sincere  and 
peaceable  subject.  He  declared,  that  however  improbable  it 
might  appear,  he  had  heretofore  acted  from  honest,  though 
mistaken  principles.  He  acknowledged,  that  he,  in  strict 
justice,  deserved  no  mercy  from  a  sovereign  he  had  so  greatly 
abused,  but  still  flattered  himself  with  the  hopes  of  forgiveness, 
from  the  known  lenity  of  the  British  Government,  and  the 
great  humanity  of  his  Royal  Master.  He  gave  me  several 
anecdotes  concerning  the  malice  and  violence  of  Gushing, 
which  to  a  stranger  would  appear  to  exceed  the  limits  of  prob- 
ability. After  supper,  the  persons  belonging  to  my  family 
took  possession  of  the  hold,  and  spread  our  beds  upon  the 
hard  stones  which  were  collected  for  ballast,  a  most  humble 
and  gloomy  situation.  We  had  not  long  been  composed  to 
sleep,  before  we  were  aroused  by  thunder,  and  saw  the  light- 
ning flashing  through  the  crevices  with  tremendous  glare,  while 
the  rain,  pouring  through  the  leaky  deck,  fell  upon  us  in 
streams. 

June  10///.  This  morning,  after  a  succession  of  fine  showers, 
which  greatly  refreshed  the  face  of  nature,  the  wind  began  to 
breeze  from  the  north-west.  This  favourable  incident  deter- 
mined us  to  weigh  anchor  and  to  display  our  sails.  We  soon 
ran  down  to  Pemaquid,  and  saw  at  a  distance,  up  a  large 
opening  to  the  northward,  a  number  of  fine  settlements  around 
the  ancient  port,  while  to  the  S.  W.,  we  had  a  pleasing  prospect 
of  Damariscove  Island,  mostly  cleared  land,  with  one  or  two 
habitations;  to  the   S.  E.,  the  Isle  of  Monhegan  rose  like  a 


*  QuERB — Robert  Sandeman  ?  This  person  founded  a  religious  sect  which  took 
hi»  name.  Many  of  his  followers  were  Loyalists.  See  Sabine's  American  Loyalists, 
p.  591. 


::!! 


I 


m 

i 


I 


^.iJi 


\ 


i 


130 


r  110 N T I  EH   missionary;    or, 


[1779. 


"fa'ii  • 


%    \ 


ll.r 


;(■(■■  f' 


)'■■ 


i'il-N' 


«( 


monntaiii  ontof  the  ocean.  "We  discovcnMl  a  topsail  schooner 
f<tan(liii;^  to  the  south,  which  was  afterwards  taken,  as  we 
nn(lerstt)o(l,  by  tlie  lilonde  friiijate.  We  now  approached 
Peinjupiid  point,  an  extensive,  narrow  headhind,  rnnninj,'  out 
into  tlie  sea  for  many  niih's.  The  shores,  1  observed,  were 
very  liigh,  rocky  and  rude,  covered  with  a  line  appearanc*?  of 
trees,  but  destitute  of  any  improvements  or  hiuiian  habitations. 
We  were  obliged  to  beat  all  the  way.  for  eighteen  miles,  np  to 
Broad  Cove,  in  order  to  discharge  Mr.  Palmer.  In  our  passage, 
wo  passed  by  a  beantiful  island  in  pos>ession  of  the  famous 
Will  Tioud,  containing  several  hundred  acres  of  rich  land. 
Op|)osite  to  this  estate,  on  the  western  shore,  was  situated 
Round  Pond,  encir(;led  with  a  number  of  elegant  setlletnents. 

We  came  to  an  anchor  a  little  above  Loud's  Island,  and 
took  our  leave,  with  regret,  of  our  zealo\is  friend,  Mr.  Palmer. 
After  he  was  gone,  in  order  to  divert  our  melam-holy,  while  the 
peopli!  were  filling  their  casks  with  water,  we  went  on  shore 
to  a  neighboring  house,  where  we  met  with  a  friendly  reception. 
About  four  in  the  afternoon  we  set  sail,  and  proceeded  almost 
to  St.  (Jeorge's  Island,  under  the  assistance  of  a  propitious 
breeze,  but,  on  a  sudden,  the  wind  shift I'd  to  the  south-east, 
and  blew  with  some  degree  of  violence,  which  com|)elled  us  to 
alter  our  course,  and  to  st.uid  np  tin;  river  towards  the  settle- 
ments in  ISroad  Cove.  Nothing  (H)uld  be  more  romantic  and 
pleasing  than  the  prospects  around  us. 

As  we  sailed  up  the  harbour  a  nuuiber  of  islands  of  various 
shapes  and  sizes,  partly  cultivated,  and  partly  in  their  primeval 
wildness,  presented  themselves  to  view  in  alternate  succession, 
till  we  had  a  distant  appearance  of  the  Dutch  plantations  at 
Broad  Bay,  lying  contiguous  on  both  sides  of  the  river.  At 
length  the  lino  settlements  on  the  Bristol  shore  suddenly 
opened  upon  us,  the  lields  arrayed  in  virgin  green,  gently 
sloping  down  to  the  water,  exhibited  an  idea  of  cheerfulness 
and  joy.  'I'he  reflection,  however,  that  we  were  doomed  to 
abandon  these  pleasant  scenes,  checked  the  rising  emotions 
of  the  heart,  and  filled  our  minds  with  the  glooms  of  melancholy 
and  sorrow. 

When  we  came  to  anchor,  the  two  brothers  conducted  us  on 


'I 


1779.] 


LIFE    OF     HEV.     JACOB     DAILEY. 


137 


shore,  and  wc  walked  through  a  range  of  fields  and  pastures 
to  the  habitation  of  Mr.  Rhodes,  who  received  us  with  siiieero 
exprefisions  of  hospitality.  The  sun  was  now  descending 
towards  the;  margin  of  the  western  hori/on,  and  every  ot)iect 
was  brightened  with  his  l)eatns  and  softened  with  the  cooling 
breezes  of  evening.  We  were  soon  provided  with  a  dish  of 
tea,  which,  after  our  fatigue  and  sickness  upon  the  water, 
alVorded  us  a  seasonable  refreshment.  After  this  grateful 
repast,  we  walked  among  the  rural  scenes,  and  surveyed  them 
with  a  pleasing  regret,  and  having  s[)ent  the  remainder  of  the 
evening  in  conversation,  sn|)per  and  devotion,  we  went  to 
repose,  and  slept  quietly  till  the  morning. 

MR.  nnoDKS. 

This  generous  farmer  was  born  in  Gertnany,  and  emigrated 
from  those  dominions  in  the  early  part  of  his  life.  By  his 
sobriety,  uprightness  and  industry,  he  has  acquired  an  handsome 
fortune,  and  had  the  curse  of  rebellion  never  fallen  upon 
America,  he  would  live  in  elegance  and  plenty  without  the 
labour  of  his  hands  ;  but  his  family,  in  common  with  others, 
has  been  reduced  to  a  morsi'l  of  bread,  through  the  inicpiity 
and  distress  of  the  times.  This  man,  by  a  spirit  of  industry, 
has  acquired  a  considerable  degree  of  knowledge,  and,  though 
in  a  reniotc  corner  of  the  world,  understands  both  men  and 
things,  to  a  degree  beyond  persons  in  his  station  of  life.  He 
is  rather  silent,  than  talkative,  yet  curious  and  inquisitive,  and 
listens  with  attention  to  whatever  is  advanced  in  conversation, 
which  someti.mes  inclines  him  to  be  wavering  in  religion  and 
politicks,  but  when  he  has  leisure  to  indulge  his  own  rellections, 
he  always  fixes  in  favor  of  the  Church  and  British  LJovern- 
ment.  He  is  humane,  generous  and  hospitable,  but  is  wholly 
destitute  of  noise  in  his  benevolent  communications;  no  man 
has  a  greater  portion  of  integrity,  or  is  more  disposed  to  make 
his  neighbors  happy.  But  with  all  these  virtues,  and  a  dispo- 
sition never  to  contradict  or  irritate,  he  could  not  escape  the 
malice  and  vengeance  of  liberty;  but  notwithstanding  his 
mildness  and  moderation,  neither  threatenings  nor  persuasion 

could [A  part  of  the  MS.  is  wanting.] 

18 


!    i 


M 


■'■',y  :'• 


fe..:; 


1 

1: 

1 ' ' 

?  i  - 

■;      I 
Lit 

. 

138 


.  !■•  HON  T  1  K  U     .M  I  >  M  O  N  A  U  Y  ;     O  U  , 


[1771). 


Jiiim  112///.  'i'liis  itioriiiiijLj  nvIh'd  (lnyH;,'lit  jippciiriMl  we  u^ot 
uiidcr  \v('lii;li,  willi  a  lij^lit  hrcczc  iVoiii  the  nortli-wcst,  which 
soon  cariiccl  lis  out  of  the  harbour.  W'c  strrn'd  au  10.  S  1"^ 
C'onrsr,  inlciKlir)^'  to  cross  ihc  I5ay  of  I'^imdy,  l)nt  hd'orc 
^vc  had  j^aincd  two  lt'ai,Mics  IVoiu  St.  (ic«)rgc's  Island,  it  hccaiin; 
entirely  cahn,  durini,'  which  wc  cani,d)t  a  consich-rahlc  (|iiantity 
of  cod-lish.  After  rolliiii,'  in  the  sea  for  two  or  thri'e  hours,  th(.' 
wind  hej^'an  to  hree/e  from  the  S.  S.  !•'.,  which  ol)li_i,'i'd  ws  to 
kocj)  cU)se  hauled;  hut  het'ore  M'e  could  reach  the  Island  of 
INIetinic!,  a  thick  fog  set  in,  which  excluded  us  from  the  sii^dit; 
of  any  land.  This  induced  us  to  hear  away  for  the  Mn>ele 
Ridges,  a  number  of  islands  lying  oil' St.  (ieorge's,  to  tlie  Avest 
of  I'enobscot  IJay.  In  our  progress  towards  a  convenient 
harbour,  we  were  alarmed  by  tin*  firing  of  cannon  at  some 
distance  on  the  eastern  points  of  the  compass.  A  thick  fo'^y 
attended  by  a  stormy  wind,  prevented  us  from  midiing  land 
till  we  came  almost  upon  it.  AVe  at  length  di^eovertM]  an 
o|)(M)ing,  through  which  we  explored  a  passage  M'ithout  any 
disaster,  and  came  to  anchor  a  little  to  the  leeward  of  si'vera! 
small  islands.  Mrs.  IJailey  and  I  immediately  went  on  .-hore, 
at  a  little  beach,  which  opened  between  thi'  rocks.  'J'ht>  land 
was  covered  with  trees,  and  the  skirts  of  the  upland  covered 
with  gooseberry  bushes,  alexander,  and  a  lunltitude  of  curious 
plants  and  (lowers  of  luxurious  growth  and  various  colors, 
Which  formed  an  elegant  border  to  these  wild  and  romantic 
scenes.  Nothing  could  be  mure  une([ual  and  tieformed  than  the 
appearanc(>s  av(^\uid  us,  as  wr  walked  along  the  margin  of 
this  island;  here  we  encountered  a  vast  pile  of  ragged  stones, 
thrown  upon  (>acli  other  in  the  utmost  tlisorder,  resembling  the 
ruins  of  nature;  there  a  rocky  promontory,  breaking  siid  '  iilv 
into  horrid  precipices,  with  tremendous  chasu's  a'  J  caverns 
gaping  beneath  vis;  on  this  hand  a  smooth  •»«  *  excn  beaci 
covered  with  small  pebbles,  and  gently  slop  lO  the  edge 
the  water;  on  that  a  level  spot  adorned  with  ^ 


I'i 


■n  aiM  enam- 


eled with  (lowers. 

After  we  had  diverted  ourselves  with  these  various  appear- 
ances, wc  returned  on  board  and  drank  collee.  But  curiosity 
impelled  us  to  visit  another  island    which   lay    at  a    farther 


177J).] 


1, 1  r  1',   ()  I'    u  i:  V .    J  A  f •  ( )  n    n  \  i  r,  i-:  y  . 


109 


tlistaiict'  lowanis  tlu*  soulli-ciisl.  'Vlic  tide  was  so  rapid  and 
icplctc  with  eddies  and  wliirlpools,  that  it  was  with  sonio 
dillieulty  JMid  hazard  we  reaehcd  the  destined  shore.  Wc 
foiiiid  here,  a  (iiu>,  sandy  heaeh  with  an  eh'L,'ani  slope,  l)nt  thi; 
inland  was  so  overgrown  with  iinnienso  trees,  ehielly  yeih)W 
birch,  and  nn(h'rl)rnsh,  that  it  was  ahnosi;  iinpossihh'  to  pene- 
trat(>  the  thickets.  We  discovered,  in  our  excursions,  a  niinihor 
of  (lowers  and  plants  of  the  same  species  which  Mourisli  upon 
the  other  iH'ii^hhouriufi;  ishinds.  We  reached  (un*  vessel  aljout. 
snn^^et,  when  an  heavy  mist:  set  in,and  the  wind  !)egaii  to 
bree/e  from  th(!  eastern  points  of  the  compass. 

We.  passed  away  th<!  evening  in  as  agreeahh*  a  maimer  as 
our  present  situation  wouhl  permit,  being  no  h'ss  than  ten 
persons  crowih'd  in  the  small  cabin,  amid  heat  and  smoke, 
till  we  were  almost  snllocated,  and  tlieii  were  obliged  to  repair 
upon  deck  to  breathe  a  purer  air,  but  Iktc  we  were  incoimnoded 
wiili  fhe  cliillv  foijand  a  numerous  armv  of  mos(iuitos.  After 
fiupper  we  coidined  ourselves  to  our  im|iris«MuTient  in  the  hold, 
a  dark  and  gloomy  situation,  where  wo  were  tormented  with 
the  stench  of  bilge  water,  aiul  otluM*  disagreeable  odors. 

'his  morninir  opened  with   the  samn 


i' 


'.'/■) 


kind  of  weather  as  the  preceding  day,  and  this  season,  devoted 
to  Christian  joy  and  festivity,  passed  away  without  allbrding 
us  any  agreeable  or  cheerful  incident. 

We  however  endeavored  to  jvreserve  each  other  from  sinking 
into  melancholy.  To  persons  in  our  situation,  scarce  any- 
thing could  be  more  (lisagreeal)le  than  to  l)e  detained  by 
contrary  winds,  in  the  neighborhood  of  those  hostilL"  shores 
from  which  we  were  fleeing.  After  diimer  Captain  Smith 
thought  it  prudent  to  remove  to  a  more  convenient  station,  as 
the  air  and  heavens  proclaimed  an  approaching  tempest,  and 
we  lay  somewhat  exposed  to  the  ravages  of  a  north-east  wind. 
In  consecpience  of  this  determination,  we  mailed  about  a  mile 
to  the  eastern-most  of  this  range  of  islands,  and  came  to  anchor 
at  the  entcrance  of  a  convenient  little  harbour,  which  formed 
a  narrow  opening  into  a  large  island.  On  the  north  shore  we 
perceived  a  little  habitation  with  a  considerable  quantity  of 
inijiroved  land  around  it.     This  was  a  pleasing  sight,  as  we 


\u\^   ■! 


I  '■:■:. 
1 "  ;■  u 


y*  •   I 


140 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR. 


[1779. 


i 


nil  •■ 


lif  I 'I  ■   I 


had  lately  seen  notliing  except  water  and  uncultivated  wilds. 
On  the  opposite  shore,  we  presently  discovered  another  build- 
ing contiguous  to  a  large  growth  of  trees,  with  some  little 
green  patches  between  it  and  the  margin  of  the  water.  We 
had  no  sooner  secured  our  vessel,  than  John  IIofTman,  and  the 
other  two  Dutchmen,  took  the  boat  and  went  on  shove  to 
procure  a  little  milk.  They  quickly  returned  on  board  in  high 
spirits,  and  Avith  joy  sparkling  from  their  eyes,  assuring  us  that 
a  British  lleet,  with  a  detachment  of  land  forces  from  Halifax, 
had  just  arrived  in  the  country,  and  were  resolved  to  take 
possession  of  the  country  and  erect  a  fort  in  Penobscot  Bay. 
We  imagined  this  report  to  be  too  fortunate  to  be  true,  espe- 
cially as  the  people  had  it  only  from  uncertain  rumour.  One 
circumstance,  however,  seemed  to  confirm  it;  we  had,  the 
the  preceding  forenoon,  taken  notice  of  a  large  square-rigged 
vessel  standing  along  without  the  island,  which  we  now  had 
reason  to  apprehend  was  one  of  the  royal  lleet.  These 
appearances  served  to  amuse  us  during  supper,  and  furnished 
abundant  matter  of  conversation  and  gave  rise  tc  a  variety  of 
conjectures.  They  however  deprived  me,  in  a  gieat  measure, 
of  sleep,  and  1  lay  with  eager  impatience  for  the  morning 
light. 

June  14///.  After  Ave  arose,  we  began  instantly  to  prepare 
for  going  on  shore  before  breakfast,  intending  to  take  materials 
with  us  for  that  purpose,  but  we  were  detained  a  little  by  a 
miserable  object  from  the  hcise  which  stood  on  the  southern 
side  of  the  harbour.  The  man  had  famine  strongly  pictured 
in  his  face,  and  informed  us  that  his  wife  had  been  delivered 
of  a  child  about  ten  days  before,  and  that  she  had  ever  since 
been  u<  stitute  of  any  kind  of  sustenance,  except  one  gill  of 
Indian  meal  and  i\  fish.  Mrs.  Bailey  was  so  moved  with  her 
situation  that  she  sent  her  some  relief,  notwithstanding  we 
had  the  greatest  prospect  of  su tiering  ourselves  before  we 
could  reach  the  limits  of  Nova  Scotia.  We  landed  about 
seven  in  the  morning,  and  were  rejoiced  to  find  ourselves  once 
more  delivered  from  a  wretched  confinement.  We  approached 
the  house  with  some  degree  of  timidity,  being  ignorant  of 
the  people  and  uncertain  what  kind  of  reception  they  might 


li]  .> 


m 


1779.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


141 


give  us.  Mrs.  Bailey  was  dressed  witii  a  small  roll  upon  her 
head,  which  induced  Mrs.  Welch,  mistress  of  the  house,  and 
her  father  to  exclaim  with  the  utmost  vehemence  against  the 
wickedness  of  the  times,  and  when  they  perceived  that  she 
was  a  minister's  wife,  they  conceived  the  wearing  of  the  roll 
to  be  an  unpardonable  crime.  It  is  really  surprising  that 
when  so  many  flagrant  vices  prevail  in  the  country,  such  as 
the  most  daring  profaneness,  perjury,  and  a  visible  contempt 
for  all  religious  institutions,  not  to  mention  the  oppression, 
injustice  and  inhumanity  that  is  everywhere  practiced  with 
impunity,  I  repeat  that  it  is  surprising,  that  in  such  circum- 
stances, people  should  imagine  that  any  particular  fashion 
should  occasion  the  ind'gnation  of  Heaven  against  our  country, 
or  to  imagine  that  dress  or  external  habit  engages  the  attention 
of  the  Deity,  more  than  the  conduct  of  our  lives,  the  words  of 
our  mouths,  or  the  sentiments  of  our  hearts.  To  rail  against 
fashions  has  always  been  the  employment  of  little  and  narrow 
minds,  and  is  a  convincing  evidence  of  a  mean  and  sordid 
pride,  which  envies  every  person  who  is  able  to  appear  in  any 
distinction  above  ourselves.  Mr.  Welch,  however,  discovered 
a  greater  knowledge  of  the  world,  and  reproved  his  wife  for 
her  censorious  disposition;  this  had  an  happy  effect,  and  we 
were  afterwards  treated  with  as  much  respect  and  consideration 
as  we  could  expect.  The  weather  being  very  stormy,  we 
were  chiefly  confined  to  the  house,  I,  however,  fre([uently  ven- 
tured abroad  in  the  rain  to  examine  the  various  scenes  around 
us,  especially  the  vegetable  productions,  which  flourished  here 
in  great  perfection.  The  soil  of  this  island  is  composed  of 
dark,  rich  earth,  intermixed  with  a  vast  profusion  of  clam 
shells,  to  the  extent  of  several  feet  deep,  which  kind  of  com- 
position is  extremely  favourable  to  vegetation.  These  appear- 
ances are  a  strong  indication  that  this  island  was  formerly  a 
noted  place  of  rendezvous  for  the  Indians,  who  resided  here  in 
great  numbers  in  their  fishing  season.  Mr.  Welch  had  a 
pretty  garden  spot,  contiguous  to  his  house,  which  afforded  me 
some  amusement,  though,  I  must  confess,  I  could  not  survey 
the  various  objects  and  rising  plants  without  many  sorrowful 
emotions;  everything  a'^out  me  recalled  the  pleasing  scenes  I 


i?V. 


n 


M<).      f 


i.i  i 


6  1 


;ii  ■  i 


'14 


142 


.FRONTIER     .missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


>m\ 


i .  ■ 


m  \ 


i  f 


^|■   i 


!  ■ ' 


had  f()rsak(Mi,  the  delightful  fruits  of  my  labour,  and  excited  a 
number  of  vmeasy  and  paiiifnl  sensations.  After  1  had  fatigued 
myself  with  walking  in  the  wet  and  viewing  every  object 
"wortliy  of  oljservation,  T  reentered  the  house  and  diverted 
myself  with  the  conversation  and  long  stories  of  father  Tli'nkin. 
He  was  between  seventy  and  eighty  years  of  age,  had  read  a 
few  authors,  just  sullicient  to  excite  his  vanity,  and  had  some 
considerai)le  acquaintanci!  with  all  the  ancient  settlers  in  the 
eastern  country,  and  was  able  to  furnish  several  curious  anec- 
dotes of  them  and  their  ancestors.  His  notions,  however, 
were  very  contracted,  and,  like  a  true  Irish  Presbyterian,  he 
was  better  pleased  to  censure  than  applaud.  We  here  received 
a  conOrnr.itlon  of  the  J?ritish  invasion,  and  though  the  peopU; 
here  had  always  favored  the  '•ebellion,  they  were  now  extri'mely 
forward  to  make  a  seasonai)le  submission,  since  any  kind  of 
resistance  would  only  contribute  to  Increase  their  misfortunes, 
and,  '  besides,'  contlimed  they,  'it  must  be  for  our  Interest  to 
receive  protection  and  support  from  the  Britons,  as  our  adher- 
ence! to  Congress  can  assure  us  nothing  but  misery,  nakedness 
and  famine.'  After  dining  on  shore,  and  making  several 
excursions  abroad,  we  returned  to  our  vessel  about  sunset, 
wdien  the  storm  began  to  rage  with  increasing  violence.  The 
noise  of  the  winds,  the  dashing  of  the  waves  against  the 
adjaccMit  rocks,  and  the  falling  of  the  rain  upon  the  deck,  were 
suill(;ient  to  [irevent  us  from  taking  any  comfortable  repose. 

Jkiic  i')//i.  When  we  arose  In  the  morning  we  ])ercelved 
the  weather  to  be  still  wet  and  storming,  with  the  wind  about 
east;  and,  as  there  was  no  prospect  of  sailing,  we  determined 
to  spend  the  day  on  shore.  The  people  received  us  with  civil- 
ity, especially  as  we  were  able  to  give  them  a  taste  of  bread, 
wdiich  was  here  an  cxtrtMue  rarity.  I  observed  that  vegetables 
upon  these  islands  were  at  least  ten  days  later  in  their  advance 
towards  perfection  than  at  Pownalboro';  this  must  certainly 
be  owing  to  the  sea  air  and  the  frequency  of  fogs.  I  found 
]\Ir.  Welch  very  obliging,  and  disposed  to  give  me  all  the  as- 
sistance and  entertainment  in  his  power.  After  dinner,  as  the 
girls  were  walking  out,  they  returned  in  sur|irlse,  and  di'clared 
they  had  discovered  a  barge  full  of  men  making  towards  the 


m 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     IlEV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


113 


sphere  on  tlie  nortli-oastorn  side  of  the  island.  At  tiio  same 
tinio  Capt.  Smith  and  Pr.  INIyei's  arrived  from  our  vessel, 
bringing  information  that  a  large  brig  passed  by  an  opening 
to  1h(!  northward,  between  two  islands.  This  intelligenee  de- 
termined ]\Ir.  Weleh,  Capt.  Smith,  and  I,  to  walk  round  the 
island,  but  to  our  mortilieation  we  were  unable  to  make  any 
discovery,  the  brig,  we  iinagin(>d,  having  slipped  into  Owl's 
Head,  at  the  distance  of  a  league,  —  the  wind  favoring  such  a 
movement.  ^Vs  w'e  were  retiu-ning,  on  the  eastern  side  of  the 
island,  an  heavy  shower  overtook  us,  and  we  were  alarmed  by 
several  loud  and  ratlling  peals  of  thunder,  upon  w^iii(;h  the 
clouds  began  to  disperse  and  the  Heavens  to  brighten.  But 
this  (lattering  prospect  did  not  long  continue,  for  as  the  even- 
ing advanced  an  iieavy  dark  mist  overspread  both  the  land 
and  water. 

We  spent  this  day  more  agreeably  than  the  former,  and  had 
a  variety  of  incidents  to  drive  away  melancholy  rellections; 
for  notwithstanding  we  assumed  an  air  of  cheerfulness  and 
resolution,  it  occasioned  us  abundance  of  regret  and  chagrin, 
wdien  we  found  ourselves  departing  from  our  native  country, 
to  seek  a  refuge  in  a  foreign  region,  among  strangers,  who 
would  probably  eye  us  with  suspicion  anil  jealousy;  and,  be- 
sides, compulsion  is  always  attended  with  uneasy  sensations. 
Men  can  readily  (piit  the  land  which  gave  them  birth  and  ed- 
ucation when  interest,  pleasure,  or  curiosity  entice  them;  but 
when  tliey  are  expelled  by  faction,  or  legal  authority,  the  case 
is  extremely  diil'erent;  our  pride,  in  these  circumstances,  is 
alarmed,  and  ihat  natural  abhorrence  that  every  mortal  has  to 
restraint,  embitters  our  minds,  and  wt;  rej)air  to  the  place  of 
our  banishment,  however  delightful  and  advantageous,  with 
reluctance  and  aversion.  But  what  rendered  our  situation 
still  more  distressing,  was  the  uncertainty  of  our  return  to  our 
country,  our  friends,  and  habitation. 

About  dark  we  returned  again  to  our  prison,  and  having  pre- 
partnl  supper,  coutiimed  to  divert  ourselves  in  the  best  manner 
we  were  able.  We  however  proposed  the  next  morning,  should, 
wind  and  weather  permit,  to  go  in  search  of  the  British  fleet, 
and  then  went  to  repose. 


'    .      '  1 

t 

■  I 

1 
i 

1 

\ 

/]                   '.■■ 

1 

Wi 

i 

Ir  M 


m 


i 

r  ^  I'' 

III 


till 


Wl"  >'M-^t 


!;/ 


I.     !   ■  I 


'^:'^i 


m     \ 

■1;  ■■' 


.:!.  .,  :       I 


■■'■     ■\       '. 


144 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1779. 


June  16th.     This  morning,  when  we  awoke,  a  little  before 
sunrise,  we  had  the  agreeable  Information  that  the  weather 
was  fine  and  clear,  and  the  wind  beginning  to  breeze  from  the 
west.      This    intelligence    revived   our   spirits,   but   we    were 
obliged  to  wait  for  the  tide  till  after  breakfast,  for  It  being 
spring  tides,  the  water  had  ebbed  out  so  low  that  we  were 
aground.     It  was  with  great  impatience  that  we  waited  till  the 
element  returned  to  assist  our  escape;  at  length,  about  nine, 
we  came  to  sail,  and  passed  through  a  narrow  channel,  and 
stood  away  towards  Owl's  Head,  under  favour  of  a  propitious 
gale,  with  a  view  to  discover,  If  possible,  some  of  the  British 
ileet.     We   stood  away  to  the  northward  till  we  had  a  fair 
prospect  into  Owl's  Head  Harbour,  but  no  vessels  appearing, 
we  had  some  dispute  whether  we  should  proceed  up  Penob- 
scot Bay,  or  direct  our  course  for  Nova  Scotia.     I  was  Inclined 
to  favour  the  former  proposal,  but  the  rest  of  our  company 
being  anxious  to  visit  Halifax,  and  iMrs.  Bailey  expressing  her 
fears  that  instead  of  finding  British  ships,  we  should  fall  among 
rebel  cruisers,  I  gave  directions  to  cross  the  Bay  of  Fundy. 
Nothing  could  be  more  flattering  than  the  prospect  before  us; 
the  sky  was  serene,  with  a  gentle  gale  from  the  west  north- 
west, and  a  number  of  small  clouds  over  the  land,  promised  a 
propitious  season.     We  were,  besides,  charmed  with  the  va- 
rious appearances  around  us,  —  the  ocean,  interspersed  with  a 
multitude  of  tine  islands,  of  dltlerent  si)apes  and  dimensions; 
to  the  north,  Penobscot  Bay  opened  Into  the  land,  with  its  nu- 
merous islands,  covered  with  lofty  trees,  except  here  and  there 
an  infant  plantation,  while  beyond,  the  Camden  Mountains 
arose  in   majestic  grandeur,  throwing  their  rngged   summits 
above  the  clouds;  these,  as  w^e  approached  the  Fox   Islands 
without,  began  gradually  to  diminish  till  their  dusky  azure  re- 
sembled the  seat  of  a  thunder-tempest,  advancing  to  discharge 
its  vengeance  on   some  distant  shore.     But  while  we  were 
viewing  these  romantic  scenes  with  a  mixture  of  delight  and 
veneration,  and  taking  leave  of  our  native  regions  with  melan- 
choly regret,  the  wind  suddenly  shifted  into  the  S.  S.  W.,  and 
a  thick  fog  covered  the  surface  of  the  ocean  in  such  a  manner 
as  to  exclude  every  object.     This  incident  afforded  us  abun- 


■it '  ' 


I 


I 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


145 


dance  of  perplexity,  as  we  had  to  pass  llirougli  a  inultiUule  of 
islands  and  rocks,  none  of  which  conld  be  discovered  at  Ihe 
distance  of  ten  rods.  We  however  ventured  to  eontiime  our 
voyage  in  this  uncertain  situalioii.  The  wind  coniinued  to 
blow  a  moderate  gale,  though  it  remained  so  scanty  that 
we  were  obliged  to  go  close-hauled.  In  the  afternoon  the 
weather  for  several  hours  was  obscure  and  gloomy,  and  gave  us 
uneasy  apprehensions  of  an  approaching  storm,  a  circumstanco 
no  ways  agreeable  to  persons  confined  lo  such  a  litth;  shallop, 
in  so  threatening  a  tract  of  the  ocean  as  the;  Biy  of  ^^uldy. 
These  appr(>hensions  continued  to  disturb  our  repose  ♦ill  al)out 
an  hour  before  night,  when  the  sun  brake  forth  in  all  the 
briglitness  of  his  departing  glory,  and  tinged  the  summits  of 
the  rollinij  waves  with  his  level  beams.  At  the  same;  time  wo 
had  a  distant  view  of  Mount  Desert,  at  an  immense  distance, 
setting  like  a  hillock  on  the  water.  All  our  t:()r.tpany  l.)y  this 
time  were  extremely  sick,  except  the  Captain,  who  was  oblig(!d 
to  continue  at  the  helm  till  the  returning  light  began  to  dis- 
perse the  shades  of  darkness.  The  wind  continued  somewhat 
favourable  till  after  midnight,  when  it  died  away  for  more  than 
two  hours,  then  sprang  up  S.  V,.,  almost  ahead;  about  sunrise 
came  to  the  east,  then  N.  N.  E.,  wliere  it  fresheneii  up  into  a 
severe  gale.  It  was  now  tide  of  Hood,  and  the  current  pro- 
ceeding in  direct  opposition  to  the  wind,  a  sharp  and  dan- 
gerous sea  commenced.  After  reeling  wt;  attemjtted  to  scud, 
but  the  seas  rolling  over  the  vessel  obliged  us  to  bring  to. 
The  tempest  still  increased;  the  wind  roared  like  thunder  in 
the  shrouds;  the  ocean  around  us  wa>  all  ragged  and  tlii'ormed, 
and  we  were  filled  with  great  agitatii-n  and  dread,  expecting 
every  moment  to  be  swallowed  \\p  in  the  immense  abyss.  We 
were  unable  to  take  any  reiV(>sl)mcnr,  and  coniinued  till  the 
storm  abat(!d  confined  to  our  miserable  apartments. 

June  Xllh.  The  storm  continuing  to  rage  with  luiceasing 
violence,  we  found  ourselves  in  a  very  uneasy  ii nd  dangerous 
situation,  for,  as  I  have  already  observed,  thi'  tides  at  this  sea- 
son were  exceeding  full,  which  occasioned  them  to  set  into  the 
Bay  of  Fundy  with  rapid  violence,  and  the  wind  blowing  hard 
against  the  current  drove  the  water  iiUo  irregular  heaps,  which 
19 


IT, 

I 


TV 


TTjr 


I 


'n 


■i\- 


1  \i ;  '■ 


i'lNi 


;■      ! 

If 

I? 

i 


I 


146 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


appeared  on  every  hand  like  enormous  rocks  or  pillars, — here 
rising  in  a  conic  form  to  an  amazincf  height,  and  there  breaking 
into  tremendous  precipices  or  falling  ruins,  while  immense 
caverns,  gaping  from  beneath,  threatened  us  with  immediate 
destruction.  I  Avas,  during  these  commotions,  confined  with 
my  family  in  th(?  hold,  but  the  weather  being  warm  and  the 
vessel  extremely  tight,  we  contrived  to  keep  the  hatchway 
partly  open  to  let  in  fresh  air  and  to  prevent  suflbcation.  The 
consequence  of  this  precaution  was  a  deluge  of  water;  for  the 
waves,  breaking  over  th(^  deck,  came  pouring  upon  us,  and 
almost  drowned  us  in  our  wretched  confinement.  In  attempt- 
ing to  scud  before  the  wind  and  billows  we  were  in  imminent 
danger — a  mighty  wave  brake  over  the  stern  and  instantly 
plunged  our  treml)ling  vessel  under  water;  this  obliged  the 
captain  to  bring  to,  upon  which  alteration  we  became  more 
securt!  till  the  tempest  abated.  During  the  continuance  of 
this  conflict  our  situation  was  extrem(!ly  uneasy,  every  soul  on 
board  except  Captain  Smith  l)eing  dying  sick,  and  unable  to 
aflbrd  him  the  least  assistance,  which  rendered  his  care  and 
labour  abundantly  move  distressing.  We  that  were  imprison- 
ed in  the  hold  were  in  a  most  woful  pickle,  almost  stilled  with 
the  fumes  of  bilge  water,  our  beds  swimming,  our  clothes  drip- 
ping wet,  and  our  minds  under  the  greatest  anxiety  for  our- 
selves and  each  other.  The  thoughts  of  being  driven  from  our 
country,  our  much  loved  home,  and  all  those  endearing  con- 
nections we  had  been  forming  for  so  many  years,  and,  if  we 
escaped  the  angry  vengeance  of  the  ocean,  the  expectation  of 
landing  on  a  strange  and  unknown  shore, depressed  our  spirits 
beyond  measure,  and  filled  us  with  the  sad  glooms  of  despond- 
ency and  wo.  But,  as  api)earanees  often  change  in  this  various 
world,  about  two  of  the  o'clock,  when  the  tide  began  to  set  out 
of  the  Bay  again,  we  were  presently  indulged  with  an  happy 
alteration.  The  wind  shifted  further  to  the  northward,  the 
seas  abated,  and  we  quickly  found  ourselves  able  to  proceed 
on  our  voyage;  and  still  to  cheer  and  animate  our  spirits,  the 
clouds  began  to  break  away,  the  fog  to  disperse,  and  the  sun 
to  adorn  the  waves  with  his  western  beams.  Wafted  by  a 
gentle  gale  we   advanced  towards  the  Acadian   shores,  and 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


147 


about  three  hours  before  sunset,  to  our  great  joy,  discovered 
land;  but  this  pleasing  prospect  did  not  long  conHnue,  the 
wind  fainted  into  a  calm,  and,  as  the  darkness  approached,  an 
heavy  fog  covered  the  mighty  deep  in  such  a  manner  that  we 
could  not  discover  any  object  at  the  distanct^  of  a  rod.  Under 
these  disagreeable  circumstances  we  were  o!)lig('(l  to  stand  off 
to  sea  in  order  to  avoid  the  danger  of  running  upon  an  un- 
known shore  before  morning.  This  unfortunate  and  unex- 
pected turn  in  the  weather  occasioned  us  great  uneasiness, 
and  threw  us  into  our  former  dejection.  To  such  a  number  of 
sea-sick  and  tempest-beaten  mortals,  who  had  been  llattered 
with  the  prospect  of  entering  into  an  harbour,  this  n^turning  to 
sea  was  a  niost  grievous  mortification ;  but  we  had  lU)  other 
remedy  except  patience,  and  a  very  slender  dose  of  that  excel- 
lent drug.  As  to  myself,  it  gave  me  an  addition  of  pain  to 
find  that  Captain  Snjitli  had  no  assistance  in  these  diliicult 
circumstances,  but  was  obliged  to  continue  at  the  helm  till 
daylight  appeared.  The  fore  part  of  the  night  we  had  the 
wind  at  S.  S.  W.,  with  thick  weather. 

June  18/A.  Towards  morning  the  wind  shifted  into  the  N. 
E.,  then  east,  and  afterwards  into  the  S.  E.,  when  it  began  to 
blow  and  rain,  with  most  threatening  appearances  of  a  storm. 
This  unexpected  continuance  of  bad  weather  had  a  very  ma- 
lignant influence  upon  our  whole  company.  The  hands,  with 
Dr.  Mayer,  the  old  bachelor,  swore  bitterly;  the  captain,  not- 
withstanding his  moderation,  lost  all  patiences,  and  loudly  com- 
plained of  the  unpropitious  st'ason,  while;  we  began  to  imagine 
that  we  should  never  be  able  to  reach  our  intended  port,  so 
many  impediments  arising  to  retard  our  progress.  We,  how- 
ever, found  some  consolation  when  we  perceivtid  that  the  wind 
rather  abated,  and  in  the  afternoon  it  blew  in  our  favor,  so  that 
we  rediscovered  the  land  towards  evening.  But  the  fog  con- 
tinued to  hover  over  the  surface  of  the  water  in  such  a  manner 
that  it  became  wholly  unsafe  to  aim  at  any  harbour.  In  bear- 
ing away  from  the  shore  we  discovered,  through  the  surround- 
ing fog,  several  little  islands,  interspersed  with  rugged  rocks, 
against  which  the  waves,  dashing  with  violence,  occasioned  a 


:V" 


k. 


■  '■■  ^'fg 

>  £n 

'  H 

,;  ffl 

^  fl 

fj;  n 

}   ii 

i:fh|i 

;            '■ 

\    ,•    ■ 

''  "            h 

'  '    \  ' 

':sM 

:■     '  'f 

f '  i ' 

H''  ■ 

AM 

t  ■  ^    1 


f  ■  i'  ' 

ill!  '• 

ii  V 

nirli 

I  -i 


m 


148 


FRONTIER       MISSIONARY  ;     OR, 


[1779. 


fri^^htfiil  roaiiiig.     We  had  thu  good  fortune,  howevor,  to  es- 
cape without  damage. 

After  k('('|)ing  almost  two  days  between  decks,  as  it  was 
now  nioH!  calm  and  moderate,  I  ventured  out  of  my  confine- 
ment to  eon1emi)I:ite  the  striking  prospect  around  ns.  Noth- 
ing appeared  Init  a  waste  of  waters  in  perpetual  motion,  with 
a  surface  rugged  and  unshapen  beyond  imagination,  for  the 
seas  in  this  Hay  of  Fundy  do  not  roll  with  regular  succession 
as  in  otiier  oceans,  with  gradual  swellings,  which  rise  in  ex- 
tensive order,  one  behind  another,  as  far  as  the  eye  can  reach, 
but  here  we  p(>rceive  waves  of  a  thousand  various  figures  and 
dimensions,  resembling  a  multitude  of  recks  and  broken  frag- 
ments of  nature,  torn  by  some  violent  explosion,  and  rudely 
scattered  over  an  immense  desert  or  barren  plain.  While  wc 
were  sitting  upon  dec^k  and  diverting  onrs(dves  as  well  as  our 
situation  would  admit,  one  of  our  hens  escaped  from  her  con- 
finement in  the  salt  room  and  flew  about  the  vessel  from  one 
•uarter  to  another,  seemingly  exulting  in  her  liberty.  But 
alas!  this  freedom  proved  the  destruction  of  the  volatile  and 
noisy  animal,  for  one  of  our  company  attempted  to  secure  her, 
upon  which  she  immediately  Hew  overboard  into  the  sea,  and 
sat  struggling  and  cackling  upon  the  waves  till  we  could  see 
her  no  longer.  I  must  confess  that  in  my  present  circum- 
stances this  accident  aflected  me,  and  I  was  moved  with  com- 
passion for  the  foolish  ilutterer,  when  I  observed  her  exposed 
to  inevitable  destruction,  striving  to  regain  the  vessel,  and,  as 
it  were,  calling  aloud  for  assistance,  when  we  were  unable  to 
afford  the  wretched  Ijeing  any  relief.  How  often  do  we  behold 
animals  who  fondly  boast  of  reason,  hurrying  themselves  with 
almost  the  same  giddy  precipitation  into  ruin.  How  common 
is  it  for  m<Mi,  when  impatient  of  legal  restraint,  and  ardent  to 
ac([uire  unbounded  freedom,  —  how  frequent  is  it  for  people 
in  these  circumstances,  when  they  have  escaped  from  every 
confinement  and  gained  their  wished  for  liberty,  to  plunge 
headlong  into  destruction,  and  when  they  become  sensible  too 
late  of  their  unbounded  rashness  and  folly,  they  are  desirous 
from  their  hearts  to  reenter  that  condition  they  once  called 


T 


1770.] 


L 1  r  E     O  F     U  K  V .     J  A  C  ()  H     U  A  I  1-  E  Y 


119 


iilavory  and  bondiigo.  In  short,  I  am  ('(mviiuHd  llial  no  aiii- 
mal  ill  iiiiture  makes  so  pcrnicioii-.  an  iiuprovciiicnt  of  lihcrty 
as  man  ;  for  notwitlisiinulini^  all  liis  boasltMl  prclcncc;'  lo  wis- 
dom, if  yon  place  liini  in  a  t^i1nu1ioll  of  nnrei-lraincd  lic.-.n-^e,  it 
irt  a  thoosiind  to  one  if  lie  do  not,  ruin  hotii  hinisrlf  aiid  all  his 
intimate  eonnexions.  J5iit  enon.'^li  of  liberty  for  the  pu  sent, 
since  I  had  a  snllioient  surfeit  from  it  in  New  Hii.'dand,  and 
have  seen  from  lliat  alnised  prineiph;  all  llie  nii^crics  of  licen- 
tiousness, anarchy,  and  tyranny,  (luwlni^  liki;  so  iiiai)}  torrents 
to  deluge  tliat  unhappy  and  devoted  l;ui(h  .!ii;it  about  sun- 
set we  were  favorinl  with  another  fiaticring  prospect  of  line 
weatiier;  a  glim  from  the  western  hemisphere  inspiied  us  with 
pleasure,  but  upon  the  rising  of  the  fog  we  were  ahuiiied  to 
lind  oiU'selves  almost  eontigiuMis  to  a  tlangeious  rock,  eedled 
the  (!urnet,  wliii-h  rose  with  perpeiidicuhu'  sidi-s,  li!<e  a  large 
bailding,  above  the  water.  The  winil  was  nov/  !h  ginning  to 
l)low  gently  from  th(>  S.  W.,  which,  v/heii  v.'e  h;id  elor.rvd  the 
land  as  we  imagined,  was  extremely  favourable  to  unr  purjxjse. 
Bat  alas!  when  we  had  been  running,  as  v\-e  fondly  c-onceived, 
along  the  coast  to  the  eastward  of  Cape  Sal^le,  to  onv  great 
surprise  wo  heard  a  terrible  roaring  on  I'very  hand.  In  this 
scene  of  apprehension  and  danger  Ca|)tai!i  Smidi  Inv/iig'.l  to, 
and  upon  sounding,  pen-eivinl  ourselves  liinidsi  shic.ls  and 
breakers,  in  about  two  fathoms  of  water,  ;uid,  as  he  conel'.ided, 
just  u[)on  that  terrible  ledger  or  range  <.>f  rcicks,  c-ullcd  ihe 
Devil's  Limb.  To  extricate  ourselves  Wonx  this  alariiiitig  siiu- 
ation,  the  ca|)tain  put  instamly  about,  and  we  stoed  til!  tlay- 
light  across  this  vexatious  Bay  of  b'luidy. 

Jiaw  19///.  When  (lie  daylight  began  lo  dispcrs."  the  shades 
of  darkness  we  found  ourselves  encumbered  with  a  di.-.ual  fog, 
which  hovered  with  ulmo>t  impeiieirai)]c^  thickiic  -^  ovr  the 
face  of  the  ocean,  whilst  the  sky  above  Vs'as  jcrfecth,  clear, 
with  a  fine  bcautifid  azure.  At  length,  iifter  rclliiig  several 
hours  in  a  dead  calm,  the  wind  began  to  fill  the  saiis,  v;hen 
we  discovered  a  large  vessel  loaded  with  luud)er  stantling  to- 
wards the  south.  This  a|)pearance  indu(red  us  to  make  after 
her,  and,  if  possible,  to  speak  with  her,  that  we  miglif  accpiiro 
some  intelligence,  but  when  she  perceived  our  intention  she 


i 


I 


« 


If 


■'\ 


,i 

f 

1 

-   ■ 

m 


M'^ 


LS'    'I 
li      . 


m 


150 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OU, 


[1779. 


crowded  all  bcr  sails,  and  ran  from  us  with  the  swiftest  expe- 
dition, sni^peetiiig  ns,  as  we  apprehended,  for  an  cnetny. 
About  nine  in  the  niornin<^  the  fo<^  wholly  dispersed,  and  we 
were  favored  with  a  serene  sky  and  a  fine  bree/e  from  ti)e  W. 
N.  W.,  which  happen(!d  to  b(!  the  most  propitious  (pjarter  of 
Heaven.  Having  sailed  an  hour  before  this  delightful  gale  we 
discovered  the  Seal  Island,  lying  about  seven  leagues,  as  we 
imagined,  to  the  N.  E.  About  eleven  we  greatly  rejoiced  at 
the  long  wished  for  prospect  of  Cape  Sable,  and  it  gave  us 
immense  pleasure  to  behold  a  country  under  the  dominion  of 
our  lawful  Prince,  and  wh<'re  the  tyranny  of  republican  villains 
had  not  yet  extended.  1  was,  however,  surprised  to  find  the 
coast  low,  with  sandy  hillocks  along  the  shores,  instead  of 
those  lofty,  rugged  promontories  my  imagination  had  created. 
We  passed  by  this  Cape  a  little  after  the  middle  of  the  day, 
and  finding  the  wind  and  season  favourable,  we  agreed  to 
proceed  for  liiverpool,  which  we  hoped  to  reach  by  the  next 
morning.  The  sea  was  so  smooth,  and  the  weather  so  agree- 
able, that  we  continued  upon  deck,  viewing  with  the  highest 
satisfaction  the  various  objects  on  the  land,  which  rose  in  suc- 
cession to  divert  our  attention  from  the  fatigues  of  the  voyage, 
while  on  the  other  hand  we  had  nothing  to  employ  the  sight 
but  a  boundless  world  of  waters,  inhabited  by  millions  of  liv- 
ing creatures,  prodigiously  unlike  in  their  shapes  and  dimen- 
sions. We  now  descried  several  fishing  vessels  at  some  dis- 
tance from  the  shore.  They  no  sooner  dlGcc'Ted  us  than  they 
bore  in  with  the  land,  and  doubtless  conceived  themselves  very 
fortunate  in  making  their  escape  before  we  were  able  to  over- 
take them.  We  perceived  by  this  incident  that  they  mistook 
us  for  one  of  those  petty  pirates  which  had  lately  infested 
these  coasts,  and  plundered,  without  distinction,  every  vessel  in 
their  power.  Before  evening  we  passed  by  several  fine  har- 
bours ;  the  land  all  along  the  coast  appeared  very  level,  and 
nothing  like  mountains  arose  to  diversify  the  scene.  Some 
lesser  eminences,  indeed,  and  a  few  gentle  swellings  were 
discovered,  just  sufficient  to  destroy  a  disgustful  uniformity. 
In  many  places  the  land  was  destitute  of  trees,  and  exhibited 
a  pleasing  surface  of  verdure,  which  softened  the  dusky  horrors 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     IIKV.     JACOH      UAILICV, 


151 


of  the  woods.  Tlio  hitler  chlclly  consists  of  .'jpruct',  iirs,  uiul 
hemlock,  fit  retreats  for  meluiuholy  and  discontent.  The  sea- 
son was  now  so  niild,  and  the  motion  so  easy,  that  we  had  a 
ciieerfvil  sni)|)er  together,  ami  wc  were  happy  in  the  pleasin<^ 
expectation  of  enterin<jf  Liverpool  the  next  niorniiiij. 

JiDic  '20l/i,  {t^inidiii/.)     I  aros(^  this  morning  before  the  sun, 
and  found  tliat  we  weri';  still  favoured  with  a  prosperous  gale. 
The  land  appeared  extremely  pleasant,  and  the  odor  of  j)lanls 
impregnated  with  the  morning  dew  was  agreeable  and  refresh- 
ing beyond  measure.     The  sun  began  to  arise  from  the  bt)som 
of  the  ocean,  and  in  a  few  minutes  tinged  the  eastern  summit 
of  the  swelling  waves  with  the  beams  of  liis  glory.     All  nature 
put  on  a  pleasing  appearance,  and  inspired  us  with  cheerful- 
ness and  grateful  joy  to  rellect  that  we  had  arrived  bo  near  our 
desired  port.     But  as  nothing  can  b(>  nu)re  un<'ertain  and  de- 
lusive than  appearances  at  sea,  we  were  quickly  mortified  with 
a  failure  of  wind.     A  perfect  calm  ensued,  and  we  lay  tum- 
bling and  rolling  at  about  three  miles  distance  from  the  shores 
of  Malagash.     While  were  detained  in  this  manner  .John  lloll- 
man  put  over  a  line  and  caught  two  line  cod  fish,  one  upon 
each  hook,  and  continued  the  sport  with  the  same  success  till 
he  had  procured  a  dozen.     Upon  this,  the  two  brothers  coming 
upon  deck,  reproved  him  sharply  for  his  wickedness  in  profan- 
ing the  Sabbath,  and  when  they  could  not  restrain  him  they 
swore  a  multitude  of  oaths  I     Strange,  that  persons  who  in- 
dulged themselves  in  the  rudest  conversation,  and  who  scru- 
pled not  to  take  the  Sacred  Name  in  vain,  should  nevertheless 
have  such  a  reverence  for  a  day  consecrated  to  His  service,  as 
to  neglect  all  kinds  of  business,  however  advantageous  and 
necessary.     But  this  is  just  in  the  character  of  New  England 
saints,  who  worship  the  Sabbath,  while  at  the  same  time  they 
treat  the  Lord  of  the  Sabbath  with  the  most  indecent  famili- 
arity and  disrespect.     Thus  man,  the  most  inconsistent  animal 
in  nature,  often  strains  at  a  gnat  and  swallows  a  camel  with- 
out any  manner  of  inconvenience. 

The  wind  about  eight  of  the  clock  begins  to  breeze  from 
the  S.  W.,  and  through  our  imi)atience  vv'e  imagine  the  vessel 
makes  a  most  rapid  progress,  while  she  went  scarcely  three 


i'* 


!! 


\u 


11 


il 


\r)2 


mile 


J'  It  o  N  T  1 1;  It     M  I  s  S  I  ()  N  A  It  V  ;     OH, 


[1779. 


M  Iitiiii",  iiiKi  SO  citLT'T  ANcrr  \\v  lo  I'o  on  slion 


iliat 


wo 


bcgjo)  to  (Irci'.s  ;\l  ilu-  (.lir'iniM'f  t;!'  ;il)ovc  forty  iiiilc?*  from  Hali- 
fax. 'Till'  j)!isf»i)g("  ovrr  .Ma lizard's  Day  to  Cape  Saiiibro  ap- 
pcari'd  «\ti(  iiirly  (('(liinis,  iiiul  we  wcii-  coiistaiilly  cmployt'il 
forcii^lit  hours  il)  looliii);»  »)nl  lor  tlic  li^lit-li(uist\  I  liad  ahiiii- 
(laiicf  {)('  leisure  to  iriala;  ol)^ervMli()lls  on  tiie  country  during 
lliis  inl;'rs:\l,  ;ii)d  I  lie  lami,  which  had  hitherto  put  on  a  most 
uuiroriii  appearance,  now  hegan  li>  exliibit  a  very  dillerent  face. 
It  seemed  to   rise  i^ratluidly  from   the   sliore   lo  some  distance 


froM) 


a,  and  th^n  to  shooi  into  h)ftv  l»ilis  of  various  forms- 


covered,  a<  (ordiiij.j  to  the  hesr  iS  our  ohscrvation,  with  beech, 
l)irihi's,  and  otlier  s]>reies  of  Y.hit(!  wood.  As  we  advanced 
forward  our  iu\patien(  e  increased  in  |)roportion  as  the  distance 
]es>ened,  tmd  the  captain  went  several  times  to  the  ft)remast 
head  lo  mtiki!  (liseoveries,  hut  with(Uit  success.  In  the  after- 
noon \^•e  discDvered  ;i  sail  sfanditii,'  away  to  the  southward, 
which  we  ed'l^'rwards  under.-lood   lo  !>(>   i>art  of  a   Heel   bound 


havJM''  on  board  several  olHeers  aia 


d 


from  [lalifax  lo  Ciiiebee 
a  nmnlier  of  troops  for  Ihat  (h'parhueul.  The  wind  continu- 
ing lo  l.)lo\v  fie.-h  al  S.  W.,  we  ai  length,  about  an  hour  before 
sunset,  were  favoured  with  Ihe  sight  of  Sambro  Inland,  and 
the  lighl-house,  to  our  inexpressible  satisfaction.  A  gleam  of 
bri'dilened  all  our  facets,  and  we  manifested  every  external 


j<^y 


expression  of  gladness  at  the  reviving  |)rospect.     Before  dark 


tl 


us    (I 


-irai) 


!e   object  was   full    in  view,  and   tln^  lediies  vi 


pon 


which  it  was  ereel(xl  were  plainly  seen  from  Ihe  deck,  and 
when  llie  daylight  disappeared  the  light  in  Ihe  lanthorn  was 
visible  to  conduct  us  into  a  safe  and  commodious  harbour. 
Howe\<M',  before  we  were  al)le  to  fetch  within  the  light-house, 
a  black  cloud  arose,  and  tlit^  wind  shifted  into  the  N.  W., 
which  reduced  us  to  Ihe  disi\grc>eable  necessity  of  beating  into 
the  hiubour.  Under  this  disadvantage  we  laboured  hard  till 
after  midnight,  and  then  came  to  anchor  a  lillle  within  Je- 
bucto  Head.  Here  we  imagined  ourselves  entirely  secure  from 
the  danger  of  American  rovers,  presuming  they  would  not 
have  the  impudence  to  venture  so  near  the  INIetropolis  of  an 
hostile  Province;  but  in  these  conjecttnes  we  were  certainly 
mistaken,  for,  as  we  were  afterwards  informed,  the  preceding 


I  III 


1770.] 


1,1  I'K    OF     111:  V.    J  A  CO  II    i»Aii,r,v. 


153 


wrch,  a  rebel  privateer  sailed  a  considerahlc  way  into  the  liar- 
Itdiir,  aliiidst  witliiii  reacli  ol"  the  caiiiioii,  and  captivated  a  hrif^ 
laden  with  provi-^ions  and  snii;;ir.  Tin'  Howard  and  Hnclvrani, 
a  cniiple  of  cruisers,  ol),servin;i,'  this  darin<j;  manu  iivre,  pu.-lied 
inniiediaiely  ont  in  pmsnit  of  tlicM-  adventurers,  l)iit  being 
fiM'nished  with  a  number  of  oars,  as  well  as  sails,  thr  privateer 
escaped,  while  they  ran  the  pri/e  on  shore,  which  by  this  acci- 
dent bil^e(|,  and  UKtst  oi'  her  car^'o  was  either  \o>\  or  (lani,i|^fed. 

]  am  persuaded  that  my  coimlrsmen  exceed  all  uianlvind 
in  a  daring  and  cnterpri>ini,'  disposition.  Their  bold  and 
advcniuroiis  spirit,  more  c>peeially,  appears  with  (listini,'iM>h- 
iti;^' eclat  when  they  are  cn^^'agcd  in  any  unjust  and  ^  itious 
undcrlaliinif,  and  their  courai;e  connnonly  increases  in  pro- 
portion to  the  l>adness  and  villany  of  the  causi;  ihey  cn- 
deavom'  to  sii|)port.  Let  a  New  l''n<^land  man  once  throw 
oil"  the  restraints  of  education,  he  beconu's  a  hero  in  wiclicd- 
ness,  and  the  more  sirict  and  rcliti^ious  Ik;  has  been  in  his 
•  former  hcliaviour,  the  greater  will  be  his  impiety  in  his  present, 
situation.  It  has  oftiai  been  remarked  by  foreigners,  who  have 
been  engaged  in  coumierci'  with  our  I'ln'itans,  that  when  they 
lirst  i-ome  abroad  no  jx'ople  alive  have  such  a  sacred  regaril 
for  religious  worship,  or  the  day  ap|)ointed  for  that  purpose, 
and  none  have  such  a  prevailing  aversion  to  profane  swearing, 
and  yet  they  cpiickly  become  the  most  docile  scholars  in  the 
school  of  vice,  and  make  the  greatest  |)roticiency  in  every 
species  of  profanity.  They  openly  ridicmle  their  former  al- 
taehrnent  to  devotion,  and  are  very  ingenious  in  framing  new 
and  spirited  oaths,  antl  when  they  have  any  extraordinary 
mischief  to  perform  they  always  choose  to  perpetrate  it  on 
Sunday. 

June  2{sf.  No  sooner  did  the  inorning  light  l)egin  to  soften 
llie  horrors  of  darknos,  than  I  arose  and  took  |)ossessioii  of  the 
deck  to  observe  the  weather  and  to  survey  the  adjac<'nt  coun- 
try. I  found  that  we  were  overtaken  by  a  dead  calm,  and  the 
heavens  were  covered  with  rolling  volumes  of  black  and 
dismal  clouds  which  shed  a  dark  and  di-jecting  gloom  over  all 
the  surrounding  scenes  of  nature.  But  if  I  was  inspired  with 
melancholy  sentiments  at  this  dusky  prospect,  I  was  perfectly 
20 


w 


4 


■''  i 


I 


i 


154 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1779. 


^kW''' 

^^Hr'^' 

shocked  wlicti  I  turned  my  eyes  towards  the  land  which 
stretched  along  the  western  quarter.  The  shore  which  now 
engages  my  attention  is  the  famous  Jebucto  Head,  a  most 
enormous  congress  of  rocky  ledg' s  running  with  a  lofty  and 
impregiiabU?  front  into  the  sea,  while  the  surface  is  inexpressi- 
bly rugged  and  broken,  covered  with  shrubby  spruce,  fir  and 
hendock,  which  by  their  starving  and  misshapen  appearance 
sulliciently  indicate  tin;  seviM'ity  of  the  climate  and  the  barren- 
ness of  1h(!  soil.  But  notwithstanding  the  unpleasing  aspect 
of  this  strange  region,  1  could  not  forbear  the  returns  of  grati- 
tude to  Providence  for  salVly  conducting  me  and  n)y  family  to 
this  retreat  of  freedom  and  security  from  the  rage  of  tyranny 
and  the  cruelty  of  oppression.  The  wind  beginning  to  blow 
softly  as  the  light  in  vased,  we  weighed  anchor,  displayed 
the  canvas  and  got  under  way.  The  sun  being  risen  we 
perceived  that  the  land  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  harbour 
was  in  comparison  extremely  agreeable ;  the  beach  was  cov- 
ered with  small  pebbles,  the  banks,  whicli  were  moderately 
high,  resembled  the  colour  of  deep  burnt  bricks,  and  the  trees 
of  various  species,  tall  and  well  shaped.  And  what  added  to 
the  beauty  and  cheerfulness  of  i',ie  prospect,  the  forest  was  in 
many  cases  discontinued  and  finely  interspersed  with  patches 
of  cleared  ground,  adorned  with  a  lively  verdure. 

But  we  were  again  sadly  disappointed  in  our  expectations, 
for  we  fondly  imagined  that  upon  our  entrance  into  the  har- 
bour we  should  have  the  whole  metropolis  in  open  view,  and 
a  number  of  lofty  buildings  rising  in  conspicuous  glory,  with 
a  respectable  jnirt  of  the  Royal  Navy  lying  at  anchor  before 
the  town.  Instead  of  which  llattering  instances  of  power, 
grandeur  and  magnificence,  we  could  observe  no  edifices  ex- 
cept the  (dtadel  and  two  or  three  scattered  habitations;  and  as  to 
shipping  we  saw  only  two  sail  of  armed  vessels  and  three  or 
four  sail  at  Major's  B'^ach,  for  we  were  ignorant  that  both  the 
town  and  the  prop(!r  harbour  were  concealed  by  the  inter- 
position of  St.  George's  Island  ai;,d  certain  aspiring  eminences 
to  the  northward.  As  we  sailed  slowly  up  the  harbour,  the 
next  ol)ject  which  invited  our  attention,  was  a  large  fleet  of 
Indian  canoes,  coasting  along  the  Jebucto  shore  and  Tilled  with 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


155 


multitudes  of  the  native  Micmacs,  and  at  the  same  time  we 
espied  several  of  these  eopper-faced  sons  of  liberty  either 
landini^  on  the  margin  of  a  little  bay,  or  climbing  up  the  stu- 
pendous precipices.  We  toolv  notice  upon  this  occasion,  that 
art'iicial  ways  were  formed  up  these  steepy  cliffs  for  the 
conveniency  t)f  ascending  or  conveying  down  timber,  which  is 
frequently  cut  on  the  summit  of  these  ridges  for  the  public 
works  at  Halifax.  As  we  advanced  still  further  from  the 
ocean,  the  town  began  gradually  to  open,  and  \vc  had  in  prospect 
several  strong  fortitications,  as  the  Eastern  Battery,  (leorge's 
Fort,  and  strong  ramparts  upon  the  neighbouring  heights,  with 
all  their  terrible  apparatus  of  cannon  and  mortars.  When  we 
arrived  near  the  above-mentioned  Island  of  St.  George's,  we 
had  a  most  advantageous,  striking  view  of  this  northern  capital, 
stretching  a  mile  and  an  half  upon  the  eastern  ascent  of  an 
extensive  hill,  while  a  large  collection  of  sliip|)ing  lay  either 
contiguous  to  the  wharves,  or  else  were  riding,  with  the  Brit- 
tanic  colours  Hying,  in  the  channel,  a  sight  which  instantly 
ins|)ired  us  wiMi  the  most  pleasing  sensations.  We  expected 
to  be  hailed  as  we  passed  St.  Get)rgeV  Fort,  but  the  people, 
conceiving  our  vessel  to  b»*  some  i  'aster  from  iMalagash,  we 
were  sulFered  to  proceed  without  any  in(iuiry. 

We  wer(!  now  all  upon  deck,  contemplating  with  infinite 
wonder  and  satisfaction  the  various  objects  about  us,  but  we 
must  however  except  .John  Ilotl'man  from  tliis  agreeable  em- 
ploy, who  was  so  alieeted  with  alternate  joy  and  concern  at 
the  sight  of  his  native*  place,  that  he  retired  into  the  cabin, 
there  to  indulge  in  solitude  these  cionflieting  jiassions.  I 
perceived,  that  though  he  was  highly  n^juiced  to  behold  the 
country  where  he  was  born  and  educated,  yet  he  w^as  seized 
with  a  prevailing  anxiety  of  heart,  lest  he  should  find  his 
tender  mother,  who  had  long  mourned  his  absence,  departed 
to  the  shades  of  death 

These  uneasy  apprehensions  rendered  him  unfit  for  company, 
and  threw  him  at  length  into  visible  confusion  and  distress. 
We  were  now  indulging  in  a  thousand  pleasing  re(le(;tions 
as  we  approached  near  the  centre  of  the  town,  and  this  situa- 
tion reminded  us  that  it  was  proper  to-'xplore  some  convenient 


1  ] 


'11 


::3^«- 


m  \'\ 


156 


FRONTIER    MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1771). 


pliice  to  sccnrc  a  laiidinfT,  but  previous  to  tliis  iiiijrccablc  tvciit 


it  was  concluded   to   iiivcsti"atc   tlio    Coniiiiodon 


lii),  aiK 


to  solicit  th(»  naval  commander  for  liberty  to  i^o  on  shore.  A 
boat  p:issii)g  by  this  instant  haih'd  us  ;ind  deniiuided,  us  t!iey 
were  ''oiii'f  swiftiv  under  sail,  from   whence   we  came  .'     We 


replied 


fr 


om 


Kennel)ee!c.      This  answer  occasioned  a  visible 


snrpris(!  in  the  company,  who  continued  repeaiin<f:  '  Kenne- 
beckl  Kennel)eck!'  Seeing  a  number  of  men  on  l>oard  a 
sloop,  we  desirgd  them  to  point  out  the  Commodore,  and 
received  immediate  information  that  tlua'c  was  no  such  olT  v 
in  the  harbour.  This  intelligence!  delermined  us  dir- cily  to 
make  lowards  a  wharf,  which  hap|)ened  to  l)e  near  the  Pontae.' 
Wo   \vero  now  plainly  sensible   that  our  uncouth   hal)i!s  and 


lUl 


common  appearance  had,  by  this  time,  attracted   ihenoti 


Ci> 


of  uudtitudes,  who  (locked  towards  the  water  to  induLnMluii 


curi'/sif  V. 


T 


lese  inquisitive   strangers    threw   us    into   som 


confusion,  and  to  prevent  a  uuiltitude  of  imi)ertin(Mit  inierro-.i- 
tions,  which  might  naturally  be  expected  l)y  persons  in  uur 
circumstances,  I  made  the  following  public  declaration,  stand- 
ing on  the  ()uarter  deck:  "(icntlemen,  we  area  company  of 
fugitives  from  Kennebeck,  in  New  Enghuid,  driven  by  famine 


aiu 


)crsecutK5n  to 


tal 


ic  reluge  among  you,  an( 


d   tl 


leretore 


I 


must    entreat:    your  candour   and    ct)mpassion   to   excuse;   the 
meamiess  a/ul  singularity  of  our  dres<."' 

I  that  moment  discovered  iunong  tiu;  gathering  crowd  Mr. 
Kitson,  one  of  our  Kennebeck  neighbours,  riuming  down  the 
street  to  our  assistance.     lie  came   insumtly  on    board,  and 


after    inutual 


dations,  helped  us  on   slu)re 


T 


HIS,  just  a 


fortniirht  after  vri'  left  our  own   beloved   habitation,  we  founr 


fl 


ours(dves   Landed    in    ;v   strange   country,   desliln'e   of  money, 
clothing,  dwelling  or  furniture,  and  wholly  uncc'tain  wha'  coiui- 


le  gover.img  pow- 


tcnance  or  protection  we  might  obtain  from  t' 
ors.  Mr.  Kitst)n  kindly  od'ered  to  conduct  us  (ither  to  Mr. 
Brown's  or  C'apt.  Callahan's;  and  just  as  we  had  (piiUed  our  ves- 
sel, Mr.  Moody,  formerly  clerk  to  the  King's  Chapel,  appeared  to 
welcome  our  arrival.     Jiut  as  it  may  ail'ord  some  diversion  to 


*Sic  iuiMS. 


1779.] 


1. 1  F  E     O  F     U  F.  V  .     J  A  C  O  K     B  A  I  L  !•:  Y . 


157 


tlio  (•lmi•t^  (  us  rouv^cr,  1  will  suspend  my  ir.in*;)tioii  a  few  rno- 
mciits  to  dt'sciihi;  Uic  :-in<iii!;!rity  of  onr  apparel,  and  the  order 
of  onr  ]>niees:i()n  ihruu^li  llie  slriM'ts,  which  were  siu'prisinifly 
c'ontv;)..-ted   l>y  t!u'  el'ixarit.  dresses  of  the  i^entleuien  aiuJ   ladies 
we  I'.i'itpeii.'d  ki  Ki.ee;  in  oiir  ienutliy  a;nl)nlation.     And  lure  I 
atn  eord'oiiii  !<  dly  at  a  loss  where  io  bi'i^iii,  whether  with  Capl. 
HniiUi  or  iiiyself,  but  as  he  was  ;i  faithful  pilot  to  this  iiaven  of 
repose,  I   coi.clndi^  it  is  no  more  tlian  ifratituile  and  complai- 
sance to  gi\e  hitn   tiip  pfeferenc  e.      ife  was  clothed   in  a  long 
swingling  thread-l)are  coat,  and  the  rest  of  his  habit  displayed 
the  Vvm;',  rabie   signatinvs   of  anticputy,  both    in    tlie,   form   and 
!Uite;i  ''s.      His  hat  cti.ried  a  long  peak  before,  exactly  perj'X'ii- 
dicular   lo  the   l(.)ngilnde  of  ]\\<   aqtiiline   nose.      On   the   right 
hand  (^f  tlii  ■  sleek  (romu.'ander  sliuflled  along  yoiu"  very  humble 
servant,  having   his   u-it  adornetj  with    a  ))air   of  shoes,  which 
sustained  the  uearks  of  rebellion  and   independence.     My  leg.s 
were  covered  with  ;i  lhi(  k  i.-;iir  of  bine  woolen  stockings,  which 
had  beeri  so  often  iticnded  and  d.irned  by  the  (ingers  of  frugal- 
ii.ty,  that    earce  an  alt)iii  of  llu;  original  remained.     I\Iy  breech- 
es, wITk-Ii  j'ist  ciUieeaied  1 1n'  slitinie  of  my  na!cedtie-s,  had  for- 
merly been  b!ac!:,  liut  ilie  cidor  being  wovn  out  by  age,  in)ihing 
remained  bill  a.  rusty  gn>y,  be>pattered  with  lint  ami  bedaubed 
with  pii-.-h.     0\yr  a  co. iise  tow  and   linen  >hirt,  manufactured 
in  tlie  looUiS  of  t^edition,  I  su^iained   -a  coat  and  waistcoat  of 
the  same  daitdy  grey  rurs.'t;  ;ind,  to  secrete   from  public  in- 
spection  Ilie  innumerable  renis,  holes,  and  deformities,  which 
time    and    nii''f<trt(mes     ii,\d    wrought     in    these    ragged    :md 
wearher-beaien  garnuaMs,  I  wa.s  fmaii:-hed  wit!"  a  blu.e  surtout, 
fn-tti'd   ;>t   lh.'  elbows,  worn   at   the   button-holes,  iuid   stain'ed 
with  a  viiieiy  of  tini-.  so  thai    it   might  tridy  be  styled  a  coat 
of  maiiy  colours,  ar.d  to  rendia*  this  external  department  of  my 
habit   still  iiMtrc  consjiit-uous   and   worthy,    of  observation,  the 
waii^t  descended  below  my  knees,  juid  the  skirts  hung  dangling 
aI)GUt  my  h.'els  ;  and  toco.a[)lete  the  whole  a  jaundice-coloured 
wig,  devoid  of  curls,  was  shaded   by  the  rtMiinants  of  a  rusty 
beaver,  its  monstrous  I'rim   re|)!eU'W!th   notches  and   furrows, 
and    <j;rovvn    lltno-v   bv  the   alternate    inflietitins   of  storm   and 
smishlne,  Injipi-d    ov(a'    my    shoulders,   and    obseur(;d    a    face 


r^i 


I' I 


I! 
,  i 

i 

:l 

! 


I  ■    1 


J  -^l 


!;<t  '<■  - 


]58 


F  R  o  N  T 1 1;  11    missionary;    or, 


[1779. 


meagre  '  •ha  fiunine  and  wriiikhnl  with  solicltvulc  My  con- 
sort, uiid  iiciee  eainc  ];igf^in<i;  beliiiid  ni  a  little  di'tance,  i,? 
forinir  Jirrayed  in  a  ragged  baize  niglit-gowii,  tied  'round  her 
midi'.le  with  a  woolen  string  itislead  of  a  sash;  the  hitter  carried 
upon  her  l)aek  \\\v.  tattered  remains  of  an  hemU)ck-colonred 
linsey-woolsey,  and  both  I  heir  heads  were  adorned  with  bon- 
nets coinj)osed  of  blaek  uioih-eaten  stnll",  almost  devoured  with 
the  teeth  of  tiuu\  1  forgot  tt)  mention  th<*  admirable  figure  of 
Iheir  pciti 'coats,  jagged  at  the  bottom,  distinguished  by  a  multi- 
tude of  ti:^:;invs,  and  curiously  ilrabbled  in  the  mud,  for  an  heavy 
rain  \s  as  n.iv.'  b(^ginning  to  set  in.  And  to  close  this  solemn  pro- 
cession, Tit:  Mayer  and  our  tailliful.lohn  marched  along  in  all  tiie 
priuc  of  poverty  and  majesty  of  rags  and  patches,  which  exhibit- 
ed the  various  dyes  of  the  vainljow.  The  Doctor  proeeedeu  W'itli 
ay«'llo.w  l)ushy  beard,  grinning  all  the  vvay,  while  his  broad 
Dutch  face  opened  at  his  moutii  from  ear  to  ear.  The  other 
continued  his  progression  with  a  doleful  solemnity  of  counte- 
nance, as  if  he  designed  to  give  a  kind  of  dignity  to  the  wretch- 
ed fragnienta  of  his  apparel  which  lloated  in  the  wind.  In  this 
manner  our  procession  began,  and  was  supported  till  we  arrived 
at  Ca[iJ-  ('allahan's,  near  half  a  mile  from  the  place  of  our  land- 
ing. This  worthy  gentleman,  who  was  formerly  my  friend  and 
neiglibour,  was  at  this  time  absent  on  the  expedition  to  Penob- 
scot. Having  olitained  ci»trance,  wc  saw  no  person  in  the  room 
but  I'olly  Clensy,  a  young  girl  whom  this  family  had  transported 
from  Kennebeck.  Af'i<  r  her  >-urprise  at  our  unexpected  appear- 
ance was  a  little  abaud,  she  ran  up  stairs  to  inform  Mrs. 
Callahan  of  our  arrival,  but  in  her  preci[)itation  forgot  to  men- 
tioii  her  Uod-son,  Charley,  which  ueade  her  immediately  con- 
clude that  we  had  by  sonu;  f.Ual  a<.'cident  lost  him.  This  filled 
the  good  woman  with  alarming  emotions,  and  she  hastened 
down  with  evident  expressions  of  anxiety  and  tremor  in  her 
face,  i'ov  it  was  some  liiomeiits  before  she  observed  the  little 
cliari;'er  j)rattling  about  the  room.  Indeed,  we  were  all  so 
deeply  utleeted  with  this  liappy  meeting  that  we  could  hardly 
speak  t(^  vM-h  other,  and  a  scene  of  silent  confusion  ensued 
till  our  various  agitations  began  to  subside.  Mrs.  Callahan 
quickly  inrormed  us  that  she  had  a  dream  the  precediiig  night, 


,.L. 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB      BAILEY. 


159 


which  occasioned  her  no  small  uneasiness.  She  imnrrined  in 
her  sleep,  that  as  she  was  dressing  before  breaklast,  I'olly  came 
running  up  to  her  chamber  in  the  utmo>t  hnrry,  and  a«;snred 
her  that  Mr.  Bailey  and  family  were  all  saft  ly  ari!V( d  from 
New  England  except  little  (^harlry,  who  was  mi.-sing,  npoii 
which  information  she  descended  v.ilh  an  hi'avy  heart,  and 
found  all  as  Polly  had  re|5resrnt(>d  —  all  the  family  ])resent 
except  the  lovely  child.  Slu^  fmiher  faturicd  in  her  drejun, 
that  in  the  midst  of  our  tiiniual  incjuiries  and  congrati;!  ilions, 
Master  Harry  Brown  came  in,  and  after  i);iyiiig  hi-;  compli- 
ments informed  us  that  his  papa  was  coming  immi'<HaTely  to 
give  us  joy. 

No  sooner  had  Mrs.  Callahan  fmir^hcd  her  dream  than  blas- 
ter Harry  came  smilir)g  and  bhishing  into  the  rooni.  and  aft(>r 
bidding  ns  wcIcoiih!  to  Halifax,  ac<-)uainted  nui  {\v,\.\.  his  pupa 
was  approaehing  to  pay  me  his  compliirients.  The  women, 
upon  this  occasion,  declared  with  united  voices,  that  the  dream 
wa*5  fulfilled  in  a  very  remarkabk-  irrumer.  By  this  tipie  my  old, 
generous  friend,  Mr.  Brown,  was  arrived,  in  company  wiii  Cap- 
tain Martin  (>ay,  a  refugee  from  Boston.  These  tvvo  worthy 
gentlemen,  by  their  ol)liging  conduci  and  sensible  conv(n--a{ion, 
greatly  relieved  our  spirits.  In  a  f<  v  minutes  aftt  r,  we  weu 
favoured  with  a  visit  from  tin;  polite  and  generous  Doctor 
Breynton,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Cliu/ch  iti  Halihix.  He  ad- 
dressed us  with  that  case,  frt^'dom,  and  gentleness  peciliar  to 
himself.  His  coui\tenance  exhibited  a  most  finished  picture 
of  compassionate  good  natm-e.  and  the  ell'iisions  of  teiid(>rness 
and  humanity  glisteniMl  in  his  veiuaable  eyes  when  he  had 
learned  part  of  oiu*  hi>tory.  He  kindly  'assured  us  that  he 
most  heartily  congratulated  us  upon  our  fortunate  deliverant'e 
from  tyraimy,  oppression,  and  poverty,  and  he  declared  that 
we  might  depend  on  his  attention  and  assistance  to  make  us 
comfortable  and  happy.  The  turn  of  his  feature^,  and  the 
manner  of  his  expression,  aflorded  ti  convincing  evidence  of 
his  sincerity,  and  the  event  afterwards  gav(>  m.'  undeniable 
demonstration  that  I  was  not  mistaken  in  my  fav()m'ai)lc  con- 
jectures. Before  we  parted  he  inforiiH'd  me  that  it  was  ex- 
pected I  should  wait  upon  the  (Joviu'iior  at  ch.'ven  to  aeipiaint 


i 


•■  i 


Pi 

!        ■  i   1 

JJil: 

IGO 


FRO  N  T  1 1:  R     .MI  S  .S  I  ( )  N  A  R  i 


O  R  , 


[1779. 


liiiTi  \v\\\i  my  arrivnl,  and  1o  solicit  lii-;  coiinlcnaiK  <■  aud  \,ro~ 
t(H'li()ii. 

Breakfast  bring  prc])arocl  and  ilu*  tabic  adorned  v.'i;h  ]>r<;ppr 
furniture  for  tea  and  a  loaf  of  (lonr  bread,  oar  voiing  shaver, 
who  had  ru'ver  seen  anything  of  th*'  like  iiainre  !>,nd  con-lrne- 
tion  before,  was  so  moved  with  its  apj^'earanef^,  thtit  he  ran 
i'miling  to  the  table,  and,  a,-snming  every  childish  exj.'re;  sion 
of  a(hniration  and  joy,  exclaimed  in  ihe   fulness  of  lii.^;   Iu>art : 

lie 


)ii 


r" 


"Fray,  maimna,  wh^il  ir;  lliat  on  Mrs.  C.'allahairs  tal 
Avas  toKl  liiat  it  was  Ijrt'ad.  '•  What  i^read,  DMinma;  i.--  it 
baked  l,)read?'"  for  lln!  poor  liitie  h  1K)W  h;u!  nev(M-  seen  or 
tasted  any  bread  made  of  flour.  Tlii' inei<!ent  yreaily  all'eeled 
the  whol(>  ct)mj)any,  and  the  good  Doe.*  r  in  pai'tieular,  c.onUl 
t?carci'ly  refrain  from  le;irf'.il  eiiiulions.  He  now  bt'gged  1o  be 
exensed  for  tlH>  |iresenr,  and  repaired  dire.-ily  to  .Mr.  .Ire'liee 
Wenman's,  kee[)er  of  the  Orplian  Iloii-^e,  to  prnvnve  ri  •,  witl; 
the  assistanet>  of  this  ii^enthanan,  a  (■r.,ui"ovra.b.le  h  diila.t ion. 
This  honest  magistrate  was  so  toiuau'd  v.ith  our  deplorable 
circumstances  and  situation,  especially  v.iili  the  ane(:dv)1e  of 
the  child,  that  he  took  a  gi;iii(>a  oul,  of  his  j)'>eket,  aad,  address- 
ing himself  to  ihi;  Doctor,  '•  IL-re,"  sa\s  he,  "is  t'omething  to 
buy  the  young  chatttu'box  a  lilijc  bread  for  ti>e  present.'" 

We  had  at  breakfast  an  old  1  uly  and  a  very  pretty,  gonleel 
young  Miss,  about  twelv(>,  nutiU'al  d;;ughler  to  the  famous 
Captain  .Mowatr.  Dw  JJ:-  wiron  (inicldy  returiied  with  the 
most  soothing  expre^sions  of  kir.daess  and  friendship,  lie; 
politely  entreated  Mrs.  ilailey  to  expel  iVom  her  mind  all 
uneasy  and  distressing  apj/rehensitin-,  and  repeatedly  assured 
lis  both,  that  .many  persons  among  them  would  cheerfully 
e.\eft  Ihemselves  to  the  utmost  of  (heir  power  to  make  our 
situation  easy  and  de.-iral)le,  and  cautioned  us  iiirainst  indulj)in<2: 
gloomy  and  anxious  ideas  any  longer.  He  tluai  presented  the 
little  I'ory,  as  he  eailefl  him,  with  the  guinfa  i'rom  .Mr,  Wenman, 
and  looking  upon  his  v\,i!»h,  declared  it  was  time  to  wait  U|)on 
the  Cu)vi'rn*ir.  At  his  diiection,  and  in  his  company,  lwalk(^d 
out  in  my  ridiculous  b.jbi!,  attentled  by  that  ipieerest  of  mortals, 
Dr.  Miyer,  who,  N>  reader  his  |)overty  still  more  cons|)icuous, 
ha^U  put  oiiyuver  Ifcis  w^  uuU  dirty  linen,  a  thread-bare  .scarlet 


iiil 


f). 


1779.] 


LIFE     O  V     II  E  V  .     J  A  C  O  15     1»  A  I  L  E  V 


IGl 


coat,  Ijrouglit  out  of  (u'rinuiiy  near  tliiiiy  ycar.s  a<fo.  In  our 
progrcj^^,  our  kind  conductor  introduced  nic  to  several  gentle- 
men who  happened  to  l)e  in  our  way,  an\ong  which  number 
it  would  be  ungratefid  ni-t:  1o  mentii)n  Col.  Jjnller,  the  agent 
victualler,  and  one  of  llin  Majesty's  Council  for  this  Province, 
who  observing  the  meaimess  of  my  dress,  took  the  l)t)ctor 
aside  and  ordered  me  a  suit  of  su])erline  broadcloth.  The 
next  person  of  conse(iueiic(5  who  engaged  our  attention  was 
Mr.  Franklin,  formerly  Lieut.  (Juvernor  of  Nova  Scotia;  he 
had  several  Indians  in  his  tra/n,  arrayetl  in  all  their  tinsel  linery; 
among  the  rest  a  Sachem  belonging  to  the  tribe  of  St.  Johns. 
This  fellow,  by  the  oddity  of  hi  appearance  and  the  singularity 
of  his  visage,  immediately  struck  my  iiuagination,  and  I  was 
unable  to  look  upon  him  witlujut  a  mixture  of  hilarity  and 
wonder.  He  was  arrayed  in  a  long  blue  co.ii,  adorned  wilh  a 
scarlet  cape,  and  bound  close  al)t)ut  his  loins  with  a  girdle. 
He  wore  upon  his  head  a  narrow-brimmed  ilopped  hat,  and 
his  face  was  an  entire  comj)osition  of  wrinkles.  I  was  admit- 
ted to  the  honor  of  shaking  hands  with  this  xVmerican  Monarch, 
who,  eyeing  me  from  heatl  to  foot,  and  perceiving  that  I  had 
more  rags  than  finery  about  me,  I  jjlainly  discerned  that  his 
complaisance  was  ujingled  with  a  tlegree  of  contempt,  for, 
instead  of  pulling  t)il"  his  iiat,  lu'  only  touched  it  with  his 
fingers  and  nodded  his  head;  though  1  remarked  a  few  days 
after,  when  I  was  dressed  in  a  new  suit  of  clothes,  li(>  ap- 
proached me  with  higher  marks  of  veneration,  and  did  not 
fail  to  take  his  hat  wholly  from  his  head.  Thus  people  of  all 
nations,  both  barbarous  and  polished,  reveri'iice  and  respect 
their  fellow  creatures,  not  for  (lualities,  which  belong  to  human 
nature,  l)ut  on  account  of  those  ornaments  for  which  they  an; 
indel)ted  to  other  parts  t)f  the  creation.  In  our  way  to  the 
supreme  ruler  of  the  Provini-c,  tlie  Doctor  conducted  me  into 
his  lodgings  at  Mr.  Fletcher's,  where  he  presented  me  with  .. 
beaver,  almost  n(>w,  and  then,  crossing  the  street,  introduced 
me  to  the  (Jovernor.  W(>  ents-red  through  a  gate  into  a  large 
back  yard,  where  we  found  two  or  three  servants  attending. 
Actpiainting  them  wath  our  business,  tlu-y  conducted  us  into 
an  I'legant  apartment,  and  after  waiting  a  few  minutes  his 
21 


■:l! 


li 


R 


-t| 


102 


F II O  N  T I E  R     MISSIONARY 


OR. 


[1779. 


111    i: 


m< 


Honor  appoarcd,  and  kindly  w(>lconi(Ml  mo  to  his  govornmonf, 
and  then,  desiring  os  to  bf  seatcul,  bogan  to  ask  rnc  a  vari(;ty 
of  ((ucstions  conei'rning  Now  England,  ar)d  al)ont  tiie  eastern 
country  and  my  own  private  nlVairs.  I  endeavored  to  satisfy 
his  curiosity  in  the  best  manner  I  was  a})le.  I  assured  him 
that  tile  inhabitants  of  New  England  were  in  a  deploraljle 
sitwation,  torn  1o  pieces  by  discontent  and  factions  among 
tiiemselv(^s,  heartily  tir(vl  of  the;  war,  tsick  of  their  French 
alliance,  reduced  to  i)overty,  ;uid  sorely  distressed  for  want  of 
provisions.  As  to  thi>  eastern  country  from  which  I  was  happy 
enough  to  escape,  I  informed  him  that  the  people  w^cre  almost 
universally  dissat/slied  with  Ihe  dominion  of  the  Congress; 
that  tliey  wen;  laboring  under  Ihe  horrors  of  nakedness  and 
/amine,  and  at  the  same  time  cruelly  harrassed  and  jw^rsecuted 
by  a  immber  of  inexorable  tyrants,  who  had  got  all  the  power 
into  Ihejr  hands;  and  lastly,  1  gave  him  a  short  history  of  my 
own  adventur(>s  among  the  rebels,  and  of  the  injurious  treat- 
uient  I  received  at  their  hands.  During  our  conversation,  Mr. 
Buckley,  the  Secretary,  ciame  in  and  gave  me  his  most  hearty 
congratulations.  After  the  Secretary  had  retired  we  continued 
our  c<inv(n'sation  about  the  Am<>rican  rebellion,  when  I  signified 
to  the  (lovi'mor  that  I  was  perfectly  acquainted  with  the 
capital  leadc'/s  in  the  present  revolt,  and  from  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  tjjeir  tempers,  principl(\s  and  circumstances,  I 
was  far  from  v/ondi-ring  at  their  proceedings,  since  I  always 
considered  them  as  j^roper  implements  of  faction,  sedition  and 
turlMilence  ;  sifubition,  avarice  and  revenge,  being  their  pre- 
dominant and  governing  passions.  I  found  the  Governor  very 
sociable;  and  strictly  inquisitive.  At  parting  h"  assured  me 
that  he  would  employ  his  interest  to  procure  me  relief  and  to 
make  my  abode  in  th(>  Province  agreeable,  and  in  the  conclu- 
sion advised  me  to  prepare  a  memorial  of  my  adventures  and 
suflerings,  with  a  view  to  its  speedy  ])ub!ication.  This  he 
t^uiiijfested  as  the  most  eligible  method  of  obtaining  some 
present  emolument. 

Having  taken  my  leave  of  the  Governor,  Dr.  Breynton 
presented  me  with  a  couple  of  Jo's,  and,  who  could  believe  it, 
my  simple  heart  danced  within  me  at  the  appearance  of  gold, 


iilii 


1779.] 


LIFE     or     REV.     JACOH     I^AILEY. 


1()3 


wicked  ^oldl  thiit  luis  been,  uiid  still  coiitiiuics  to  ho,  the 
pan; lit  of  U'.n  tltousiiiid  (jvils,  Tliou  pernicious  mctall  Who 
shall  presume  \o  declare  iu  thy  favour,  after  all  the  mischief 
thou  hast  occasioned  in  the  world.'  Thou  hast  often,  by  thy 
all-conniianding  power,  coujpelied  mankind  to  des|)ise  the 
demands  of  justice,  to  spread  the  llamcs  of  devastation,  to 
wield  the  sword  of  destruction,  to  dissolve  the  tenderest  ties 
of  nature,  and  to  commit  the  most  shockin<^  enormities  with 
impunity.  I  have  seen  multitudes  sn  bewitched  by  thy 
glittering  charms  as  to  renounc^e  the  most  sacred  obli<^aiions 
and  the  softest  feelings.  Inspired  by  thee,  they  have  clos(!d 
up  the  bowels  of  ctimpassion,  have;  turned  away  their  eyes 
from  the  sight  of  distress,  and  havi;  been  deaf  when  the  voice 
of  misery  pierced  the  very  heavens.  For  thee,  men  have 
renounced  the  principles  of  truth  and  veracity,  have  proved 
false  to  their  engagements,  have  appealed  to  the  Almighty  for 
the  confirmation  of  a  lie,  have  Ix'traycd  their  country,  have 
conspired  against  their  King,  denied  their  Saviour,  and  blas- 
phemed their  God,  and  yet,  notwithstanding  all  these;  and  a 
million  other  ilagrant  crimes  thou  art  daily  teaching  men  to 
commit,  yet  still  thou  art  res[)ected,  courted,  followed,  and 
adored  with  the  profoundest  veneration. 

Parting  from  this  benevolent  gentleman  while  my  heart  was 
bursting  with  gratitude,  I  took  this  opportunity  of  visiting 
Mrs.  Brown  and  her  lovely  daughter,  neither  of  whom  I  had 
seen  since  my  arrival.  Our  meeting  was  ad'ectionate  and  our 
declarations  of  friendship  and  tenderness  jjcrfectly  sincere. 
As  soon  as  the  rapturous  ellusions  of  b(!nignity  and  the  irreg- 
ular expressions  o!  mutual  ardor  began  to  subside,  INIrs.  Brown 
presented  me  witli  a  bottle  of  Kep|)en's  snutK,  a  comfortable 
repast  for  my  nose,  and  then  ordered  me  a  pair  of  English 
shoes,  and  a  couple  of  black  worsted  stockings.  The  sight 
and  possession  of  the  British  manufactures  gave  |)leasure  to 
my  inward  maji,  and  compelled  me  to  smile  at  both  corners  of 
my  mouth,  while  the  considerate  and  bountiful  indulgence  of 
my  former  friends  began  to  smooth  the  furrows  of  my  face, 
and  I  returned  back  to  Mrs.  Callahan's,  I  verily  believe,  with 
the   loss   of  several   wrinkles.      Soon    after   my   return,    Mr. 


^1 


If 

if 


'/  iti 

1  ;lf!  '•' 


ili 


;■■ 


^f 


i 


IGl 


FRO  NT  I  Ell     :MIS.SI0\AUV 


Oil, 


[1770. 


I'" 


BiMiiu'f,  anotlirr  clfTCfyman  and  IMissionary  from  the  Society 
caiini  to  visit  ns,  and  made  a  politt;  tender  of  his  service.  His 
desii^n  was,  if  f  had  no  family,  to  oiler  me  a  part  of  his 
lodifings  ill  Ihe  Asseml)ly  Tlouse.  We  had  what  T  esteemed 
an  eh'fTant  dinner,  for  it  was  so  long  sinee  T  beheld  a  well 
furnished  table,  that  what  others  esteemed  only  toleral)|e, 
appeared  to  me  splendid  and  snmptnons  beyond  c-ompare.  I 
found  myself  extremely  contented  and  li:ippy  in  the  society, 
the  pleasing  smiles  and  oi)liging  conversatit)n  of  my  friends, 
without  the  dread  of  any  fatal  interruption  from  the  nnweleouK; 
intrusion  of  some  surly  committ(>e  man,  or  unfeeling  ollieer 
of  the  Congres-',  M'ith  malice^  in  his  heart,  vengesince  in  his 
face,  and  destruction  in  his  hands.  But  I  shall  take  occasion 
in  my  next  day's  journal  to  draw  a  more  critical  cojitrast 
between  my  ])resent  and  former  situation.  But  I  cannot 
forbear  reciting  an  incident  in  my  own  feelings  and  conduct, 
which  plainly  evinced  thtit  I  had  not  yet  lianished  New 
England  from  my  remembrance.  This  afternoon,  as  I  v.-as 
sitting  at  I\Ir.  Brown's,  a  number  of  ])(>ople  being  persent,  some 
person  knocked  at  the  door,  u|)oi5  which  I  started  by  an  invol" 
nntary  impulse,  and,  suddenly  springing  out  of  my  seat, 
hastened  to  the  other  side  of  thi^  roovn.  This  v^-as  attended 
with  visible  terror  in  my  countenance,  which  excited  the 
laughter  of  the  company,  for  they  had  sagacity  enough  to 
discern  the  cause  of  my  agitation  and  affright.  ]\Irs.  Brown 
exclaimed,  'Pray,  sir,  compose  yourself,  and  recollect  that 
here  is  no  cornmittiv  man  ai)proaching  to  disturb  yonr  tran- 
quillity.' After  dinner,  I\Ir.  (Jeorge  TJght  and  his  brothercame 
to  iMrs.  Callidian's,  highly  elevated  Avitli  the  novelty  of  the 
scenes  and  with  the  freedom  and  plenty  which  appeared  in 
this  town.  They  informed  ns  that  young  Ilolfman  had  the 
pleasure  of  finding  his  mother  aliv(%  who  received  her  son  with 
the  warmest  transport  of  joy.  She  had  near  a  twelvemonth 
before  received  intelligence  of  his  death,  and  that  he  ^vas 
killed  fighting  with  the  rebels  at  the  famous  battle  of  Bunker 
Hill.  Upon  which  distressing  intelligence  she  arrayed  herself 
in  the  habit  of  mourning,  and  sadly  bewailed  the  untimely 
fate  of  her  beloved  child,  and  a  circumstance  which  added   to 


rr 


I). 


1770.] 


LITE     or     REV.     .1 A  CO  11     IIAII.EY. 


ir,;i 


(y 

is 

lis 

<1 


liPT  oxtrrme  adliciion  romnins  to  1)(^  recited.  Tliis  John  was 
tlic  last  survivor  out  of  ten  cliildrcn,  who  had  ht'cii  horn  by  a 
former  hnshand.  Such  uiie\|)ected  revolution  of  Provifh-nce 
in  lier  favour  must  liave  filled  her  with  the  tenderesi  cil'usions 
of  rapture  and  exultation.  In  the  afternoon,  towards  eveiunji^, 
I  revisited  Mr.  Hrown,  hut  he  hein^  absent,  I  tarrii'd  and  dranU 
tea  with  his  agreoahh^  family.  I  perceived  in  the  eoiirse  of 
conversation  at  this  hospitable  mansion,  that  Mr.  Nathaniel 
(Jardiner,  notwithstiindiiiijf  his  impiulentand  foppish  behavioiu" 
at  Halifax,  had  not  been  guilty  of  so  much  frauil  and  l)reaeh 
of  trust  as  wc;  imai^dned.  My  friends,  in  particular,  were  cau- 
tious of  trnstiuii;  him  with  any  f,'reat  matters,  especially  as  lie 
was  in  danger  of  beina;  ])lundered  by  the  American  pirates,  how- 
ever honest  and  faithful  he  might  be  in  the  main.  Mrs.  Hrown 
however  sent  ns  a  ])ound  of  the  best  Hyson  tea  and  some 
trillcs,  which  were  never  delivered,  except  on»!  pound  of  l^oliea. 
I  was  now  assured  that  the  paper  which  (^ajitain  Callahan 
had  brought  to  Halifax,  giving  the  history  of  my  famous  trials 
before  the  committee,  and  the  letters  I  had  intrusted  1o  the 
earn  of  (Jardiner  had  prepared  me  a  way  for  a  generous  recep- 
tion. Several  circnmstiinces,  it  iimst  be  confessed,  were  a 
littU;  unfavourable  in  the  present  prospect.  Governor  Arbtith- 
iiot,  who  greatly  interested  himself  in  my  favom*,  was  removed 
from  i\w  Province,  and  destined  to  command  the  Royal  navy 
in  America,  and  (ieneral  Massy,  who  had  imbibed  the  same 
favourable  sentiments,  was  recalled,  and  General  McTican 
appointed  to  succeed  him.  Never  were  two  gentlemen  of 
more  ditl'erent  dispositions.  The  former  was  sociable,  humane, 
generous  and  friendly,  and  exerted  himself  beyond  measure  to 
oblige  and  assist  the  refugees.  But  the  other  was  ojjinionated 
and  headstrong,  insensible  to  every  softer  feeling,  and  under 
the  iiretcncc  that  Government  was  imposed  upon,  had  ordered 
the  rations  to  be  taken  away  from  two  or  three  hundred 
persons,  continuing  them  to  only  about  twenty  refugees. 

A  gentleman  who  waited  upon  Mr.  Arbuthnot  wh(Mi  he  had 
the  perusal  of  my  papers,  stated  that  he  could  scarcely  refrain 
from  shedding  tears,  and  he  afterwards  declared  that  he  had  it 
in  view  to  procure  my  enlarg;oment  fron".  bondage  and  persecu- 


::i 


yj 


n 


■  il 


rMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


V^ 


1.0 


l.i 


^   US.    1.2.0 


■  2.5 

|2£ 


114^ 


1  '-25  1'-^-  !'•* 

^ 

6"     

► 

V] 


/ 


y 


/^ 


Photographic 

Sdences 
Corporaticn 


33  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  MSttO 

(716)  872-4503 


4^ 


<s^ 


:!  . 
"i 

■ 

1 

,    ■ 

V 

111; 


166 


FRONTIER    missionary:     OR, 


[1779. 


tion,  iiiul  just  before  liis  departure  from  Britain  he  expressed 
his  concern  that  I  was  not  yet  arrived  from  New  England. 
'  If,'  said  he,  '  tlie  cruel  treatment  and  severe  persecution  of 
the  rebels  should  afl'ect  his  life,  there  is  nothing  to  be  done, 
but'should  he  survive  their  malice  and  make  his  escape,  I  will 
certainly  do  something  for  his  advantage.' 

The  Secretary,  Mr.  Buckley,  was  extremely  moved  witii  the 
narrative,  and  oll'ered  to  send  me  ten  guineas,  provided  my 
friends  could  find  any  method  of  conveying  them  with  safety, 
and  ihis  day,  meeting  Mr.  Brown  in  the  street,  he  caught  hold 
of  his  hand,  and  repeated,  with  the  highest  emotions  of  pleas- 
ur ',  '  I  heartily  congratulate  you  on  the  fortunate  escape  of 
your  friend  from  his  wretched  confinement,  and  you  may  de- 
}iend  upon  my  assistance  to  procure  him  any  benefit  in  my 
power.'  These  incidents  were  very  soothing,  and  tended  to 
-jxl'ilarate  my  spirits  after  such  a  profusion  of  fatigue,  depres- 
sion, and  anxiety.  It  was,  however,  some  abatement  to  my 
felicity  when  I  found  no  British  forces  were  yet  arrived  from 
England,  either  here  or  at  New  York.  I  had,  notwithstand- 
ing, some  pleasing  expectations  from  the  expedition  to  the 
eastern  country,  under  the  conduct  of  General  McLean.  I 
now  understood  that  he  had  sailed  with  about  eight  hundred 
land  forces,  accompanied  with  six  or  seven  armed  vessels.  His 
design  was,  if  he  met  with  a  reinforcement  from  New  York, 
to  make  a  descent  upon  Falmouth,  or  otherwise  to  take  pos- 
session at  Penobscot.  In  the  afternoon  I  was  again  in  com- 
pany with  the  worthy  Capt.  Gay,  who  had  something  very 
singular  and  afiecting  in  his  story.  This  gentleman  was  son 
to  Parson  Gay,  of  Ilingham,  was  captain  of  the  militia  in  the 
rebellious  town  of  Boston,  and  a  deacon  of  Howard's  meeting, 
but  being  a  man  of  steady  principles  and  unshaken  virtue,  was 
early  disgusted  with  the  proceedings  of  his  countrymen.  He 
took  every  convenient  opportunity  of  discovering  his  senti- 
ments of  loyalty,  which  rendered  himself  highly  obnoxious  to 
the  malignant  and  furious  faction  in  Boston.  This  obliged 
him  to  apply  to  the  King's  troops  for  protection,  and  having 
conveyed  away  his  family,  excepting  his  eldest  son,  to  Hing- 
ham,  he  lied  with  General  Howe  and  his  forces  to  this  Pro- 


il 


1770.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     TACOH     HAILEY 


1()7 


vince,  upon   the  evacuation  of  the   abovo-mcnfioncil    town. 
Soon  after  his  arrival   he   placed   his  son,  a  very  promising 
youth,  about  seventeen,  under  the  care  of  iNfr.  Allen,  an  emi- 
nent merchant  in   Halifax.     Mr.  (v.iy  afterwards  rej)aired  to 
Cumberland,   where    he    had    some    interest,   upon    business. 
During  the  absence  of  the  alfectionate  father  the  son  was  per- 
suaded one  day  tj  go  a  gnnning  in  com])any  with  a  son  of 
Mr.  Allen,  with  whon>  he  had  contracted  a  most  intimate  ac- 
quaintance.    After  they  had  diverted  themselves  several  honrs 
they  returned  towards  town,  when,  by  some  unfortunate  acci- 
dent, Mr.  Allen's  gun  went  oil'  and  killed  his  friend  (Jay  dead 
upon  the  spot.     This  melancholy  and  tragical  atliiir  threw  the 
whole  family  into  the  deepest  grief  and  consternation.     Before 
these  sorrowful  emotions  had  subsided  they  despatched  a  mes- 
senger with  the  shocking  intelligence  to  the  uidiapjjy  father, 
who  met  the  messenger  on  the  road  between   Windsor  and 
Halifax  as  he  was  returning  from   Cumberland.     This  alarm- 
ing and  adecting  information  must  have  occasioned  the  most 
painful  sensations  in  the  bosom  of  the  ])ereaved   parent,  but 
he  sustained  all  the  a  mictions  which  Providence  was  jileased 
to  pour  upon  him  with   surprising  firnuiess,  resignation,  and 
silent  composure.     We  had  in  company  this  afternoon  another 
refugee,  one  Mr.  Atkins,  formerly  a  merchiuit   in   Boston,  and 
afterwards  a  Custom  House  ollicer  at  Newbury.     He  had  suf- 
fered almost  every  species  of  indignity,  was  frecpiently  seized 
by  the  hand  of  lawless  power,  kept  under  confinemenr,  and 
threatened  with  destruction,  till  he  was  fortunate  enough,  al)out 
eleven  months  ago,  to  enlarge  himself  from  their  clutches.     He 
fled  along  the  eastern  shore,  and  arrived  at  this  asyliun  by  the 
way  of  Machias.     Towards  night,  having  my  head  confused 
with  a  variety  of  objects  and  entertainments  of  various  kinds, 
I  repaired  to  Mrs.  Callahan's,  where  we  passed  away  the  eve- 
ning in  conversation,  and  related  to  each  other  our  several 
adventures  since  our  parting  last  year  at  Kennebeck.      Mrs. 
Callahan  informed  us,  that  having  embarked  from    Kennebeck 
with  one  Cermine,  a  Scotchman,  in  a  little  schooner  of  about 
ten  or  twelve  tons,  they  put  out  to  'sea,  and  after  coasting 
along  the  eastern  shore  for  several  days,  at  length  crossed  the 


\ 


\ 

:, 

! 

5; 

■ 

i 

, 

1 

,        i 

, 

; 

fl 

i 

.  \ 

I 

^ 


ii 

■  ,  I 

M 

>  1 

■      ■ 

,  ■  1,  ' 

!,^       , 

If 

: 
1 

ill! 

It  !■!• 


h  I. 


>''i| 

','!' 


K 


1 


I' 


I' 
I,' 

u 


th 


168 


F  11  O  N  T  I  E 11    ill  S  S  I O  N  A  R  Y  ;      OR, 


[1779. 


Bay  of  Fundy  in  a  tliick  fog.  It  was  with  extreme  dillicnlty 
they  made  Aniia|)olis  (Jut,  where  sslie  was  fortunate  enouirh  to 
meet  her  husband,  tlien  commander  of  the  (Jage,  and  after 
tarrying  at  Annapolis  some  time  she  went  'round  to  Halifax 
by  water,  where;  she  arrived  about  six  weeks  after  f^lie  left 
Kennebeck,  and  has  since  becm  settled  in  tramjnillity,  and  able 
to  liv(;  in  a  comfortable  mr.nner  without  any  molestation  from 
rebel  committees.  She  then  gave  me  a  short  history  of  her 
husl)and's  fortune  from  the  time  he  left  his  own  habitation  at 
Pownalborough. 

June  22(1.  This  morning,  after  breakfast,  received  another 
visit  from  the  good  Doctor,  who  informed  me  that  he  had  j). o- 
vided  us  witji  an  habitation,  and  desired  me  to  attend  him  in 
order  to  view  it.  Pleased  with  this  agreeable  intelligence  I 
immediately  complied  witii  his  reiiuisition.  In  our  way  we 
happened  to  meet  with  Dr.  Prince,  a  refugee  from  Salem,  a 
gentleman  who  had  acquired  in  the  space  of  five  years  a  large 
fortune  by  merchandise.  To  this  countryman  of  mine  the 
Doctor  introduced  me,  and,  having  accjuainted  him  with  my 
necessitous  circumstances,  the  other  generously  gave  me  eight 
dollars. 

The  house  which  the  Doctor  had  procured  belonged  to  Mr. 
Justice  Wenman,  keeper  of  the  Orphan  House,  and  stood 
on  the  east  side  of  I'leasant  Street,  which  runs  straight 
froiu  the  Grand  Parade,  near  the  Church,  to  the  water,  and  is 
almost  a  mile  in  length.  This  is  the  most  elegant  street  in 
the  town,  and  is  much  frecpiented  by  gentlemen  and  ladies  for 
an  evening  walk  in  line  weather.  After  tea  we  perceive  one 
gay  company  after  another,  in  perpetual  succession,  dressed  in 
their  linest  apparel,  which  affords  a  line  and  cheerful  appear- 
ance. At  the  gate  we  have  an  extensive;  prt)spect  of  the  har- 
bour and  the  adjacent  ocean,  which  is  closed  by  the  southern 
horizon,  and  can  discover  every  sail  coming  from  the  v/estward 
the  moment  it  proceeds  'round  .lebucto  Head.  To  the  north- 
ward the  street  extends  adorned  with  the  grand  Provo,  Assem- 
bly House,  Church,  and  private  buildings  to  a  vast  distance, 
and  is  limited  by  a  cross  street,  three-quarters  of  a  mile  from 
hence      To  the  west  arise  beautiful  ranges  of  green  (ield-<,  in- 


1779.] 


LIFE    OF    llEV.    JA(OH     15  A  I  LEY. 


1()0 


trrsipersed  with  sevenil  nMiiarlv.iblf  t'tructurcs,  as  Fort  Massy, 
the  Ciovernor's  summer  hi)iisi',  the  Work  House;  and  beyond 
these  the  Citadel  Hill,  with  all  its  fortilications  and  warlike  ap- 
jiaratus,  towers  aloft  in  majestie  grandeur,  and  overlooks  boih 
the  town  and  the  adjacent  country.  We  enter  through  a  spa- 
cious gate  into  a  decent  yard,  with  an  avenue  to  the  house, 
bounded  on  each  side  l)y  a  little  grove  of  English  hawthorns, 
in  this  season  in  all  their  blooming  glory.  The  house  consist- 
ed of  a  convenient  kitchen,  a  tight  cellar,  a  chamber,  ami  an 
elegant  parlour,  papered  and  containing  two  closets,  lii'fore 
the  door  was  a  little  porch  with  a  seat.  From  the  two  eastern 
windows  we  had  a  most  charming  prospect  of  Mr.  Wen  man's 
garden,  in  which  were  planted  such  a  profusion  of  willows, 
hawthorns,  and  fruit  trees  of  various  kinds,  that  they  formed  a 
perfect  wilderness,  extremely  pleasant  to  the  sight  and  grateful 
to  the  smell.  And,  indeeil,  when  we  lot)ked  out  of  these 
windows  we  rather  fancied  ourselves  in  the  midst  of  a  woody 
country,  than  in  the  heart  of  a  po])ulous  town.  ])r.  Breynton 
introduced  me  to  Mr.  Wenman,  who,  like  a  true  Englishman, 
gave  me  a  hearty  welcome.  I  found  him  a  large,  robust  man, 
near  seventy  years  of  age,  with  scarce  a  wrinkle  in  his  face; 
but  he  assured  me  that  notwithstanding  he  appeared  with  such 
a  llorid,  strong,  and  healthy  constitution,  he  had  been  above 
twenty  years  alllicted  with  a  complication  of  disorders,  such 
as  the  gout,  gravel,  and  stone,  besides  a  troublesome  cough, 
which  seized  him  on  a  sudden,  and  continued  with  such  vio- 
lence that  it  frequently  deprived  him  of  strength.  The  jieople 
being  gone  to  fetch  our  trilles  from  on  board  the  schooner,  I 
tarried  with  Mr.  Wenman  till  their  arrival.  I  ({uickly  discov- 
ered him  to  be  an  enemy  to  the  American  rebellion,  and  after 
cursing  most  heartily  the  leaders,  In;  proceeded  to  inform  me 
that  this  Metropolis  contained  a  nuiltitude  of  persons  disaf- 
fected to  government,  for  which  reason  he  seldom  went  abroad 
and  that  upon  such  occasions  he  never  visited  but  two  families. 
He  appeared  to  be  a  rough,  open,  and  honest  Englishman, 
generous  ;  friendly,  and  humane,  \vhere  he  imagines  an  object 
deserving,  but  those  who  are  artful,  designing,  or  conceited, 
can  look  for  no  more  than  bare  justice  from  him,  and  that  they 
22 


i1 


i 


,-:v 


till 


i 


l: 


.'  J;  !! 


U  k 


170 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1779. 


may  expect  to  receive  with  the  most  exact  pniietnality.     When 
he  conveys  a  favour  the  matier  is  done  without  any  ceremony, 
and,  if  you  attcMupt  to  return  any  compliments  or  acknowledge- 
ments, lie  would  rather  aj)p('ar  to  be  oU'ended,  and  declare,  with 
a  bluntness  peculiar  to  himself,  '  I  hav(?  not  done  this  trifle  out 
of  any  particular  rci^ard  to  yourself,  for  I  should  have  shown 
the  same,  or  perhaps  a  greater  favour,  to  any  other  person  in 
the    same   circumstances.'     lie    assured    mo.   that  when    any 
person  had  oH'ended  him  he  never  forgave  him,  for,  though  he 
scorned  to  take  any  revenge,  or  to  ofler  him  the  least  injury, 
yet  he  immediately  broke  oil'  all  connection  with   him,  and 
never  trusted  him  afterwards,     lint  notwithstanding  this  de- 
claration, I  am  certain  that  he  might  easily  be  reconciled  when 
the  offending  person   had   not   been   guilty  of  baseness  and 
treachery  in  his  conduct.     Whilst  we  continued  engaged  in 
this  conversation  he  made  several  shrewd  remarks  upon  the 
behaviour  of  my  countrymen,  who  formerly  used  the  Halifax 
trade.     Some  he  acknowledged  to  be  remarkably  honest  and 
fair  traders  as  ever  he  met  with  in  the  compass  of  his  acquaint- 
ance, but  in  general  he  found  them  to  be  the  profoundest  hyp- 
ocrites in  nature,  and  the  cunningest  knaves  ujion  earth;  for 
though  men  advanced  in  life  were  averse  to  swearing,  and 
would  pucker  up  their  mouths,  and  roll  their  eyes  towards 
Heaven  at  the  mention  of  an  oath,  yet  they  would  not  scruple 
to  lie,  and  deliberately  appeal  to  the  Almighty  in  confirmation 
of  a  falsehood.     He  likewise  added  that  he  had  been  acquaint- 
ed with  several  young  fellows  from  Boston  government,  who 
upon  their  first  arrival  at  Halifax  would  not  utter  a  profane 
oath,  or  execration,  upon  the  most  powerful  excitement  or  pro- 
vocation, but  only  when  highly  exasperated  exclaim,  '  I  vow 
you  are  a  serpently  devil,  a'most!'     And  yet  in  a  few  weeks 
these  very  conscientious  travellers  would  disengage  themselves 
from  all  the  restraints  of  education,  and  exceed  the  most  aban- 
doned sailors  in  bold  and  daring  imjiiety.     They  would  both 
take  the  Sacred  Name  in  vain,  and  practice  the  most  horrid 
curses,  and  even  make  a  public  scofi'  and  ridicule  of  all  religion. 
When  the  old  gentleman  had  entertained  me  with  two  or  three 
of  his  long-winded  stories,  I  was  diverted  from  any  longer 


.i^l 


1779.] 


LIFE     OF     llEV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


171 


attendance  by  the  arrival  of  our  people,  and  having  conveyed 
our  treasure,  consisting  of  two  ancient  feather  beds,  —  through 
the  weather-beaten  crevices  of  which  the  down  issued  in  great 
abundance,  —  one  patclied  (jnilt,  containing  a  greater  variety 
of  colours  than  the  rainbow;  half  of  a  very  elderly  rug,  worn 
to  the  (jnick,  and  half  a  i>air  of  sheets,  and  A  small  chest  con- 
taining the  remnants  of  poverty,  viz.:  one  silk  gown,  five  bat- 

i(;red  knives  and  forks,  the  same " 

The  remainder  of  the  Journal  is  missing. 


1l 


i 


1 


I 


l:^ 


m 


\'<  f 


172 


F  R  0  N  T 1 1:  !l     M  I  S  S  I  0  N  A  U  Y  ;    OR, 


[1779. 


:!!' 


ir ' 


mu. 


CHAPTER  VIIT. 

Tun  pa])er  of  the  earliest  date  after  tlic  termination  of  ilio 
.lournal,  wliicli  lias  come  into  the  liaiuLs  of  the  writer  of  this 
Memoir,  is  the  following: — 

TO    MR.    JOHN    CAHM/roN,    AT    WOOT.WIcri,    N.    E. 

Ila/ifax,  June  2rj,  1779.  *  *  "  The  General  Assembly  of 
the  I'rovince  have  given  me  two  hundred  dollars,  (not  square 
ones,)*  and  I  have  received  in  j)rivat(^  presents  nearly  three 
hundred  more.  The  lady  of  Col.  Phi|)s,f  upon  my  reeom- 
inendation,  desires  that  if  the  King's  forces  should  arrive  in 
your  neighbourhood,  you  would  be  kind  enough  to  point  out 
her  farjn,  and  to  suggest  some  method  to  preserve  the  cattle 
and  buildings  from  destruction." 

Gen.  McLean  commanded  an  expedition  which  had  sailed 
from  Halifax  that  summer  and  landed  at  Major-biguyduce,  now 
Castine,  which  place  was  fortified  by  the  English  forces.  To 
this  olficer  JMr.  Bailey  addressed  a  letter  from  Halifax,  July 
10th,  1779.  The  object  was  to  furnish  a  list  of  loyalists  in 
and  near  Kennebeck,  known  or  believed  to  be  such  by  the 
writer.  If  Mr.  Bailey  was  correct,  the  friends  of  the  British 
government,  in  that  region,  W(>re  more  numerous  than  has 
generally  been  supposed.  He  gives  the  names  of  twenty-seven 
residing  in  Bristol  and  Broad  Bay, J  and  classes  with  them  "all 
the  Dutch  families  in  Broad  Bay,  except  ten  or  twelve  families," 
eighteen  in  Woolwich,  thirty-two  in  GeorgetoAvn,  fifty-three 


*  "  Bcsolvfd,  That  His  Honor,  the  Lieutenant  Governor,  be  requested  to  grant  a 
Warrant  to  Rev.  Mr.  Bailey  of  £50,  to  be  paid  out  of  the  moneys  arising  from  the 
duties  on  Import  and  Excise,  for  his  present  Ilelief. 

Ordered,  That  this  Resolution  be  sent  to  His  Majesty's  Council  for  concurrence." 
— Journal  of  the  House  of  Asstmhh/  of  Nora  Scotia,  June  2M,  1779  ;  p.  18. 

t  See  Sabine's  American  Loyalists — I'Hii's,  Davuj.  p.  ;)39. 

I  Now  Waldoborough. 


770. 


1779.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


173 


this 


in  Powiialhoro',  and  twenty-two  in  the  towns  of  St.  CJeorgos, 
Bowdoinliain,  Ilallowcll,  Topsliam  and  Wintlirop,  In  writ- 
ing to  the  Vcnerabh;  Society  under  date  of  Jnly  4th,  1779, 
Mr.  IJailey  says  :  "  Sixteen  of  my  hearers  are  now  in  the  King's 
service,  and  the  remainder,  exce|)t  one  or  two  families,  are 
distinguislied  for  their  loyalty." 

Attached  to  the  British  forces  wiiich  held  Major-I)ignydnce 
was  Dr.  .John  Calf,  who  had  married  the  daughter  of  Rev. 
.Tedediah  .Jew(;tt,  of  Rowley,  Mr.  Bailey's  early  and  kind 
patron.  Mr.  Bailey  wrote  to  h'"n  from  Halifax.  lie  says: 
"Being  informed  that  you  possess  a  di'partment  in  tlie  garrison 
which  gives  you  considerable  inihu'nce,  I  have  made  this 
attempt  to  solicit  your  interest  in  case  a  chaplain  siionld  be 
appointed.  I  am  the  rather  induced  to  make  this  application 
because  your  station  is  within  the  limits  of  my  Mission,  and 
from  a  tender  regard  to  multitndes  of  loyal  subjects  within 
the  county  of  Lincoln,  who  are  both  my  friends  and  piirish- 
ioners." 

During  this  summer  Mr.  Bailey  received  invitations  from 
two  ditl'erent  parishes  to  become  their  minister.  He  thus 
writes  to  his  brother  at  I'ownalboro': — 

^'■Halifax,  Sept.  (^th,  111 9.  I  have  made  an  excursion  into 
the  country,  and  travelled  through  all  the  fme  Settlements  on 
the  Basin  of  Minas,  and  never  beheld  finer  farms  than  at 
Windsor,  Falmouth,  Horton  and  Cornwallis.  The  latter  is 
the  place  where  the  Neutral  French  had  formerly  their  principal 
habitation.  I  have  dined  upon  the  very  spot  where  Charles* 
Le  Blanc  formerly  lived.  Two  hundred  families  are  settled  in 
this  place,  and  I  am  invited  to  officiate  among  them  this 
winter,  and  believe  I  shall  accept  their  oiler  till  I  can  return  to 
Kennebeck  in  safety.  They  have  agreed  to  furnish  me  with 
an  house  and  firing,  to  give  me  an  horse  worth  ten  guineas, 
to  be  at  the  expense  of  my  removal,  and  to  allow  me  a  weekly 
contribution,  besides  presents,  which  will  amount  to  more  than 
seventy  pounds   sterling   per  year,  if  I  reckon  the  prices  at 


*  This  should  be  Reno  Le  Blanc,  who  was  Public  Notary  for  the  Acadians.    Vide 
JIalliburton's  Nora  Scotia,  I.  p.  194. 


II 


J 


Vi 


i 


m 


1 1 


i 


V  I 


ill 

^^1 


174 


r  U  O  N  T  I  J:  11     MISSION  A  U  Y 


oil, 


[1771). 


Halifax.  But  notwillistaiuliii^  I  have  been  troatcd  with  nn- 
coimiioii  Ivindiifss  and  ri's|)ct;t,  no  consideration  .shall  cvi-r 
detain  nic  from  vi.sitin;,'  my  former  friends  and  neii,'hl)oiirs 
when  the  tyranny  of  C'onj^rests  is  overpast.  I  havi;  likewise 
had  an  invitation  to  St.  Johns  and  Cumberland.  In  the  latter 
depart iiK  lit.  I  nii^dit,  be  admitted  C'haplain  of  the  garrison, 
worth  clsO  per  annum,  but  I  cannot  endure  tin;  thoughts  of 
that  remote  situation,  especially  among  a  set  of  j)eople  disposed 
to  revolt." 

This  new  Held  of  Mr.  Bailey's  labours  |)ossessed  a  varied 
interest.  Its  natural  scenery  is  described  as  extremely  beauti- 
ful, whi'iv'  the  fertility  of  its  soil  has  given  it  the  title  of  "the 
garden  of  Xova  Scotia."  Much  of  its  history,  too,  can  hardly 
fail  to  excite  emotion.  Here  dwelt,  oidy  some  few  years  before, 
a  people  who,  in  many  respects,  seem  almost  to  have  realized 
the  (Jolden  Age  of  the  poets.  Simple  in  their  manners,  and 
abundantly  supplied,  from  their  own  labor,  with  everything 
which  their  few  wants  re(piired,  they  sought  litth*  or  no  inter- 
course with  the  rest  of  the  world,  from  which  they  were, 
in  a  great  measure,  isolated. 

But  they  inhabited  a  country  that  had  frequently  changed 
masters,  and  they  were  not  gifted  with  that  policy  which 
would  enable  them  to  transfer  their  allegiance  with  the  results 
of  war,  or  the  treaties  of  European  Powers.  Their  attachment 
to  their  fatherland  was  strengthened  by  a  commurdty  of  reli- 
gion. Their  manners  and  customs,  the  style  of  their  dwellings 
and  the  fashion  of  their  dress  and  ornaments,  reminded  the 
traveller  of  France,  which  had  its  representatives  in  many 
respects  amid  the  evergreens,  and  on  the  dyked  meadows  of 
this  part  of  Acadia.  The  English  supposed,  and  perhaps 
justly,  that  the  professed  neutrality  of  these  simple  inhabitants 
had  been  violated  by  indirect  assistance  to  the  French,  who 
attacked  Chebucto  and  other  places,  and  that  at  times  they 
had  joined  with  them  and  the  Indians  in  their  marauding 
expeditions.  Hence  it  was  determined  to  transport  them  to 
other  places.  And  though  perhaps  this  was  managed  with  as 
much  judgment  and  feeling  as  the  case  admitted,  yet  hundreds 
were  taken  from  the  old,  familiar  scenes  of  their  nativity,  and 


1770.] 


LIFE     OF     IlEV.     J  A  (OH     UAILEY 


17.5 


fcatlcrcd  through  the  other  Atnorican  roloiiics.  TTi'rr  they 
t'onid  not  fail  to  experience  the  hatred  which  wonM  l)t'  shown 
to  persons  sns|)eeted  of  any  pri'vions  connection  with  Ihe 
Indians,  whose  harharons  warfare  had  caused  so  nine!)  waste 
of  i)lood  and  treasure  in  many  phices,  and  this  antipathy 
would  he  sharpened  hy  dislike  to  the  religion  of  these  poor 
exiles.  U|)on  the  departure  of  these  unfortiniate  pcoj)!!',  their 
houses  and  church  were  burned  by  the  FjUglish,  their  doniestie 
animals  jx-rished  with  hunger,  ;ind  the  dykes,  which  protected 
their  fertih;  meadt)ws  from  the  sea,  fell  into  decay.  hMve  years 
after  this  event  a  fleet  of  twenty-two  transports,  convoyed  by 
an  armed  vessel  of  sixteen  guns,  landed  emigrants  from  New 
England  on  the  territory  that  had  been  occupied  by  the  Neutral 
French.  Two  hundred  jiersons  from  C'onnecticnt  settled  at 
Cornwallis.  Although,  as  before  stated,  the  natural  features 
of  the  country  were  beautiful,  yet  the  nun  which  had  befallen 
the  former  inhabitants  was  distinctly  visible,  and  could  hardly 
fail  to  inspire  melancholy  emotions. 

Stockaded  houses  were  erected,  and  a  small  detachment  of 
soldiers  were  stationed  at  Cornwallis  for  the  protection  of  the 
inhabitants  against  the  Indians.  The  detachment  was  after- 
wards increased,  and  a  n^gular  military  post  was  established 
with  the  pro|)erly  fortified  btiildings. 

The  greater  part,  if  not  all,  who  settled  at  Cornwallis  were 
dissenters  from  the!  Church  of  England.  But  in  three  vears 
after  their  arrival,  a  Missionary  of  the  Venerable  Society 
was  appointed  to  the  region  in  which  that  town  was  situated. 

In  1770,  a  small  church  was  erected  at  Cornwallis  by  Col. 
Burbidge  and  Mr.  Best,  at  their  own  expense.* 

JNIr.  Bailey  arrived  at  his  field  of  labour  about  Oct.  20th, 
1779.  The  winter  that  succeeded  was  one  of  anxiety  and 
glooiu.  The  community  was  very  much  divided  in  religious 
matters,  the  Church  people  were  few,  about  twenty  families, 
who  of  course  were  strangers  to  their  new  minister,  and  there 
were  few  to  sympathize  with  him  in  his  loyalty  to  the  King. 


i'l  g 


♦Aiken's  Sketch  of  the  Church  in  the  Provinces,  p.  25. 


I 
I'  '< 


17() 


FUONTILU    missionary;     Oil, 


[1779. 


I 


I    1 


^  iil 


) 


il 


.li 

1 


IVa'-.! 


r 


SI 


His  ex|u'ct!ilioiis  in  the  wixy  of  salary  soern  not  to  Imvo  bt'cn 
rt'alizfd,  for  lu;  writi's  to  a  friciiil :  "  My  t'liioliiincnts  ari^  small. 
1  am  allowed  a  little,  iiicoiivt'iiiciit  house  and  lire-wood,  and 
get  beside  live  or  six  shilling's  j)erweek  eontrihulion  for  preaeh- 
ini^'.  I  hav(!  about  ten  or  twelve  scholars,  which  allbrd  me 
about  eifjfjit  dollars  per  month.  Every  neeessary  of  life  is 
extremely  dear  in  this  j)lace." 

Allliction  also  visited  him.  lie  was  informed  of  the  death 
of  his  brother  at  Kennebec,  who  had  been  his  Parish  Clerk 
there,  and  also  of  that  of  Capt.  Callahan,  who,  while  acting 
as  one  of  tin;  Kint^'s  Pilots,  lost  his  life  by  shipwreck  in 
Halifax  harbor.  This  person  had  been  one  of  his  Church 
Wardens  at  Pownalboro'.  Added  to  this  was  pecuniary  dis- 
appointment. A  mercantile  friend  in  Halifax,  to  whom  he 
had  intrusted  bills  of  exchange  on  London  for  £100  sterling, 
became  i)ankrupt.  Mr.  Jiaile5',  in  writing  to  Rev.  Samuel 
Peiers,  formerly  of  Hebron,  Ct.,  but  then  in  London,  mentions 
the  fact  of  this  failure  and  says:  "As  I  have  been  obliged  to 
run  in  debt  at  Cornwallis  for  the  necessaries  of  life,  this  alliiir 
throws  me  into  an  uncomfortable  situation." 

Mr.  Bailey  had  sacrificed  much  more  advantageous  pros- 
pects to  come  to  Cornwallis  because  he  considered  himself 
bound  in  honor  to  fulfil  the  engagements  he  had  made  with  the 
parish  in  that  town.  He  writes  to  Mr.  Pochard  at  Kemiebec: 
"About  ten  days  after  my  arrival  in  Halifax,  I  received  an 
invitation  from  some  principal  gentlemen  to  visit  Cornwallis. 
I  accordingly  preached  among  them  two  Sundays  in  August, 
and,  finding  nothing  more  advantageous  oH'er,  I  agreed  to 
remove  my  family  and  continue  through  the  winter,  but 
immediately  after  this  engagement  I  was  urged  to  tany  at 
Halifax,  as  an  assistant  to  the  worthy  l)r.  Breynton,  for  which 
I  was  olfered  ^£70  sterling  per  year,  besides  a  school  worth  an 
hundred  more;  and  what  conduced  to  render  this  employment 
still  more  agreeable,  I  was  assured,  both  by  Dr.  Breynton  and 
the  Church  olficers,  that  my  performances  were  acce])table  to 
that  numerous  congregation;  and  though  my  being  preferred 
to  several  other  clergymen  was  a  little  flattering  to  my  vanity, 
yet  I  concluded  to  adhere  to  my  engagements,  and  removed 


^     1 


1780.] 


I-IFK     OF     Ui;V.     J.\.(OH     HAILKY. 


177 


with  my   family   about  tin*  middle   of  Octol"!   lo  tins  di.sianl 
retreat." 

Diiriii''  tli(>  summer  of  I7><0  Mr.  liaih'v  writes  to  his  sister- 
in-law  at  Keiniebec:  "  Iliavc  lately,  without  any  solicitation 
on  my  l)art,  been  appointed  deputy  chaplain  to  the  S|tli 
Rr'm'iment,  |iart  of  which  l\ee|>  a  s,'arrison  ut  Annapolis."  In 
a  sul)se(piei:t  letter  to  a  friend,  he  says:  "Dr.  Hreynton  is 
included  in  the  appointment  and  performs  the  duty''  (in  Hall- 
fax.)  The  following  is  ae  extract  of  a  lett"r  to  the  Society, 
P.  ( I.,  dated  Nov.  Ith  in  this  year.  "I  beg  leave;  to  Inform  the. 
Venerable  Soeietv  that  I  still  continue  at  Cornwallis,  and  have 
odieiated  without  being  absent  on  ■  Sunday  since  my  arrival. 
I  hiive  had  ii  decent  and  respeetal)l(\  though  not  a  largo  congre- 
gation. Their  contributions  tc  .anJs  my  sup;K<rt  are  precarii>us, 
and  all  the  articles  of  subsistence  are  so  excessively  extrava- 
gant that  my  emoluments  will  hardly  support  my  fatnily.  Thr 
want  of  books  is  a  misfortune  I  sensibly  feel  in  my  present 
situation,  for  I  was  constrained  to  leave  my  library  behind 
when  T  escaped  from  New  England,  and  being  so  remote  (Vorn 
the  juetropolis  I  can  receive  no  assistance  from  others.'" 

In  December  of  the  same  year.  Rev.  Aaron  liancrofl  arrived. 
Mr.  Bancroft  was  afterwards  a  Doctor  of  Divinity  and  Con- 
gregational minister  at  Worcester,  Mass.  At  first  Mr.  Bailey 
was  suspieious  of  him,  as  the  Dissenters  in  Cornwallis  are  said 
by  him  to  have  sympathixed  in  the  American  Revolution. 

Dr.  Hiclis,  then  residing  in  the  West  Indies,  had  formerly 
been  in  Mr.  Bailey's  neighborhood  at  Keimebee  and  become 
acquainted  with  the  promin(Mit  persons  there.  The  following 
extract  of  a  letter  to  him  dated  Dec.  22d,  1780,  refer."?  to  an 
individual  well  known  in  that  part  of  the  country.  "I  fancy 
you  must  have  been  acquainted  w^itli  John  .lones  the  surveyor 
of  Kemiebeck.  After  having  almost  exceeded  the  famous 
Roderick  Random  in  adventures  and  escapes,  he  obtained  a 
Captain's  commission  in  Rogers'  corps,  and  in  .several  excur- 
sions from  Penobscot  he  has  performed  wonders.  Among 
other  exploits  he  seized  the  tyrant  Cushing  at  his  own  house, 
and  conveyed  him  in  a  ridiculous  dishabille  to  the  British  fort." 

The  straitness  of  Mr.    Bailey's  circumstances  at  the  com- 
23 


!■ 


^i 


:; 


'\  'I 


j: 

i 
I 


i-v 


if 

is 


:  iMk 


f!! 

(1  ■ 

■  /i': 

lii: 


j.  I 

r  i 
j)  1 


ll-i  '       ■ 

lf|i 

ji::|^-  ■      f:'^':! 

^■:P''                  li 

tn  ^         J 

i':M 

178 


FRONTIER    MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1781. 


iTicncemcnt  of  1781  may  l)e  inferred  from  a  statement  to  his 
brollier-in-law,  Rev.  Mr.  Weeks:  "The  contest  with  regard  to 
a  school  has  terminated  in  my  favour,  and  I  have  at  present 
ten  scholars,  the  number  j  was  desirous  of  instructing,  but 
nothing  except  necessity  would  have  prevailed  upon  me  to 
conliinie  this  laborious  and  perplexing  cmi)loyment." 

In  March,  1781,  a  daughter  was  born  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bailey, 
who  was  christened  Rebecca  Lavina. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Caner,  formerly  Rector  of  King's  Chapel,  Bos- 
ton, Mass.,  left  that  place  with  the  British  troops  who  evacu- 
ated Boston  in  March,  1770.  In  writing  to  a  correspondent 
in  April,  17!Sl,  Mr.  Bailey  states,  "  by  letters  from  London  I 
am  informed  tiiat  Dr.  Caner  had  retired  with  his  young  wife 
to  Cardiff,  in  Wales." 

Several  letters  are  preserved  from  Rev.  Samuel  Peters. 
D.  D.,  then  residing  in  London,  to  the  subject  of  this  Me- 
moir. They  are  all  of  a  singular  character,  like  the  writer. 
The  following  is  an  extract  from  one,  dated  London,  Feb- 
ruary 8th,  1781.  *  *  "  What  I  am  next  to  consider  is 
how  I  can  come  at  one  or  two  of  your  sermons,  that  the  public 
may  share  with  the  ingrates  of  Cornwallis  what  Sterne  would 
read  and  devour  with  pleasure.  *  *  I  have  heard  much  of 
your  sermons  as  to  style,  sentiment,  and  composition,  that  they 
are  exotics  and  originals.  *  *  You  will  sec  the  Farewell 
to  Kennebeck,*  but  little  dilVorenced  from  the  original,  which 
was  chiefly  done  to  avoid  some  words  less  fashionable  now 
than  formerly,  and  to  make  even  measure,  as  is  the  fashion 
now  in  ten  feet  verses.  Many  verses  would  have  done  honour 
to  Young,  or  Pope,  or  Milton.  The  last  verse  was  read  aloud 
in  a  CotVee  House,  and  drew  sighs  and  tears  from  many  sym- 
pathizing persons."  Another  correspondent  in  London  writes, 
"  I  have  not  yet  seen  the  lines  you  sent  to  Mr.  Peters,  who  has 
made  you  figure  in  the  Magazines  by  publishing  them." 

In  reply  to  the  request  of  Dr.  Peters,  contained  in  the  fore- 
going letter,  Mr.  Bailey  writes :  "  L'l  a  former  letter  you  men- 
tioned somewhat  about  sending  you  sermons,  which,  in  con- 


*Scc  Note  K. 


r< 


1781.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


nj) 


junction  with  the  desiro  of  several  friends  in  these  parts  has 
induced  me  to  transcribe  a  number  and  leave  them  with  Mr. 
Thomas  Brown,  of  Halifax,  which  he  may  transmit,  if  he 
pleases.  I  am  sensible  that  they  have  nothing  to  recommend 
them  except  their  novelty.  If  they  should  be  thought  worthy 
of  publication  they  will  make  a  volume  of  the  same  size  with 
Sterne's.  You  may  allix  what  title  you  think  proper.  They 
were  all,  except  the  first  two,  delivered  since  the  commence- 
ment of  the  rebellion.  I  had  little  choice  in  this  collection,  for 
I  brought  away  only  about  a  dozen  in  my  precipitate  llight.'' 
To  Rev.  William  Clarke,  formerly  Rector  of  the  Church  in 
Dedham,  Mass.,  but  who  was  then  residing  in  London,  Mr. 
Bailey  writes:  "  It  would  never  have  entered  into  my  head  to 
oiier  any  of  my  sermons  for  publication  had  it  not  been  for 
Mr.  Peters.  *  *  You  will  find  them  upon  singular  subjects, 
chiefiy  levelled  against  the  principles  of  rebellion.  These;  were 
chosen  from  about  a  dozen  which  I  accidentally  brought  away 
from  New  England.  All  the  rest  of  my  sermons,  bov)ks,  tJcc., 
were  left  behind.  I  cannot  forbear  remarking  that  the  otli  and 
7th  discourses  were  highly  applauded  by  the  Whigs,  and  that 
party,  in  consequence  of  what  they  termed  my  bold  integrity, 
made  me  a  present  of  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars,  but  these 
were  chielly  Southern  Whigs.  The  (3th,  however,  gave  great 
ofi'ence  at  Falmouth  to  the  rebellious  party,  who  could  endure 
no  strictures  upon  revenge,  perfidy,  and  baseness."  To  the 
letter  to  Dr.  Peters,  tlur  Doctor  thus  replied:  "  London,  Feb.  15) 
1782.  I  received  your  eight  sermons  with  pleasure  and  read 
them.  The  cost  of  printing  two  hundred  and  fifty  is  £12,  in 
the  size  of  Sterne.  I  intend  to  send  you  one  of  them  printed 
the  next  opportunity."  Whether  these  were  ever  published 
the  writer  of  this  Memoir  has  no  means  of  knowing.  . 

A  History  of  Connecticut,  which  has  attracted  much  atten- 
tion, has  generally  been  ascribed  to  Dr.  Peters,  entirely  on 
internal  evidence,  as  the  Doctor  never  acknowledged  it.  The 
letter  just  quoted  contains  the  following:  "  Some  assassin,  last 
sununer,  published  ■'';e  History  of  Connecticut  in  a  lively  and 
sarcastic  style.  It  is  said  to  be  the  only  true  and  impartial 
history  ever  published  about  New  England.     We  cannot  find 


m 


m 


9 


,TTli''''" 


180 


FRONTIER     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1781. 


|:* 


out  the  author,  but  Harrison  Gray,  and  the  Saints  of  Salem 
and  Boston,  like  it  not.  They  call  it  '  a  cursed  book.'  Price 
6s.,  bound." 

The  occupation  by  the  British,  in  1779,  of  the  j)eninr<ula  of 
Major-biguyduce,  now  called  Car^tine,  has  been  befove  spoken 
of.  Here  they  erected  a  fortlficavion  to  which  they  gave  the 
name  of  Fort  George.  Many  loyalists  found  their  way  thither, 
among  them  some  of  Mr.  Bailey's  friends  in  the  eastern  coun- 
try. A  desire  to  be  with  them,  and  discontent  with  the  place 
of  his  residence,  induced  him  to  think  favorably  of  a  removal 
thither.  In  several  of  his  letters  he  mentions  this  wish  of  his, 
to  which  some  of  the  residents  at  Fort  George  responded,  as 
appears  by  a  subscription  paper  drawn  up  this  year  for  his 
support,  and  signed  by  fifteen  persons.  Among  these  names 
are  Jere.  Pote,  Robert  Pagan,  Robert  Pagan,  Jr.,  and  Thomas 
Wyer,  formerly  of  Falmouth,  now  Portland.  In  a  letter  to 
the  Society,  P.  G.,  Nov.  8,  1781,  Mr.  Bailey  says:  "I  have 
had  several  applications  from  my  friends  at  Penobscot  for  my 
removal  thither,  but,  thoiigli  that  settlement  has  greatly  in- 
creased, other  gentlemen,  upon  whose  friendship  and  judgment 
I  can  rely,  advise  me  not  to  venture  while  matters  remain  in 
their  present  precarious  situation."  In  two  years  after  the 
place  was  given  up  by  the  British. 

Events  were  in  progress  that  led  to  his  appointment  as  Mis- 
sionary at  Annapolis.  This  place  has  be(Mi  before  spoken  of, 
under  its  French  name  of  Port  Royal,  as  the  residence  of  the 
adventurers  from  France  in  the  years  1()04  and  160-').  During 
the  century  that  followed,  the  basin  that  lies  in  its  front  bore 
on  its  bosom  at  various  times  hostile  fleets,  and  the  neighbor- 
ing hills  echoed  back  the  rattling  of  musketry  and  the  report 
of  cannon,  used  by  those  who  attacked  and  those  who  defend- 
ed the  important  fortress  which  was  thert^  established.  INIar- 
tial  law  alone  prevailed  for  many  long  years.  No  Protestant 
minister  had  settled  himself  at  this  distant  post,  but  Romish 
priests  ministered  to  the  garrison  and  the  neighboring  savages 
in  those  years,  when  the  French  had  possession  of  Port  Royal. 
It  was  not  till  1713  that  Nova  Scotia  finally  passed  by  treaty 
into  the  hands  of  the  English,  who,  in  honor  to  the  reigning 


1781.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


181 


sovereign,  changed  the  name  of  Port  Royal  to  Annapolis.  The 
importance  of  its  position,  and  its  being  the  residence  of  the 
Governor  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  of  military  ollicers  of  high  rank, 
made  it  the  most  noted  place  cast  of  Boston,  excepting  Louis- 
burgii.  It  thus  remained  until  17o0,  when  the  seat  of  govern- 
ment was  removed  to  the  rapidly  rising  town  of  Halifax. 

The  first  English  INIissionary*  at  Annaj)olis  was  the  Rev. 
Thomas  Wood,  formerly  of  New  Jersey,  but  who  was  trans- 
ferred from  that  Province  to  Halifax  in  17;")G.  In  addition  to 
the  performance  of  the  labors  of  his  Mission  he  was  enabled 
to  visit  Annapolis  twice  in  17()2,  and  in  the  next  year  removed 
to  that  place.  He  became  so  familiar  with  the  Micmac  lan- 
guage as  to  form  a  grammar  of  it,  aiid  to  otiiciate  to  the  In- 
dians in  their  native  tongue.  In  l77o  his  })eople  subx-ribed 
for  the  erection  of  a  church  sixty  by  forty  feet.  Three  years 
after,  Mr.  Wood  closed  a  laborious  life  among  iiis  attached 
people.  The  Rev.  J.  Wingate  Weeks,  formerly  Missionary  at 
Marblehead,  Mass.,  being  in  England  in  1779,  obtained  the 
appointment  of  Missionary  at  Annapolis.  Returning  to  Halifax 
in  .July  of  that  year  his  anxiety  for  his  family,  then  at  Marble- 
head,  induced  him  soon  after  to  embark  for  New  York,  to  ar- 
range for  tlieir  removal  to  Nova  Scotia.  Mr.  Weeks  did  not 
reach  Halifax  till  May  in  the  following  year,  where  ne  found 
his  wife  and  children,  who  had,  in  fact,  arrived  there  a  few 
days  after  his  departure  from  that  place  the  previous  autumn. 
He  aj)pears  to  have  visited  Annapolis  for  the  first  time  in  June, 
1780,  and  was  there  j)erhaps  once  more  a  few  months  after. 
In  June  of  the  following  year  he  probably  j)assed  three  or  four 
weeks  there,  rotiirning  to  Halifax,  where  his  family  resided. 
This  neglect  to  reside  at  his  Mission  displeased  the  \'enerablc 
Society.  In  the  latter  part  of  tiie  same  summer  Mr.  Bailey 
received  a  letter  from  Rev.  Mather  Byles,  D.  D.,  dated  Halifax, 
August  11th,  1781,  of  which  the  following  is  an  extract:  "  I 
think  it  ray  duty,  without  any  further  delay,  to  send  you  the 


*  But  there  was  probably  a  chaplain  to  the  garrison  at  this  place,  for  in  one  of  the 
returns  of  the  expense  of  the  establishment  for  one  year  previous  to  IT-jO,  is  found — 
"Chaplain  6a-.  jxr  diftn,  or  £121  13*.  id.  per  (nmitm." — Halliburton,  II.,  p.  198.  Sec 
also  Mr.  Bailey's  letter  to  Ilev.  Dr.  I'eters,  October  31st,  1784. 


i  m 


• 


i  il 


liiH 


i^^^^^ 


m 


w 


n\ 


h--\ 


!?;i 


IK  ' 

i 

III' 

pi: 

i 

r''"'^ 

til'' 

! 

! 

1 

Ii 

IL 

I- 
■1  ]  ■ 

■ 

I  i: 

■  j,  1 

1 

• 

182 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1782. 


following  extracts  from  a  letter  which  I  liave  received  from  Dr. 
Morice,  dated  Fel).  (3,  1781. 

"'I  am  to  communicate  to  you  the  Resolution  of  the  So- 
ciety, that  Mr.  Weeks  go  immediately  to  Annapolis,  and  if  he 
should  not,  then  either  Dr.  Byli>s  or  iMr.  Bailey  must  take  that 


M 


ission. 


The  offer  is  ftrst  made  to  voi 


"  I  have  informed  Mr.  Weeks  of  the  above  Resolution.  His 
reply  was,  that  '  he  should  not  remove  to  Annapolis  at  present; 
that  the  Mission  was  a  matter  of  indilference  to  him  ;  and  tliat 
1  might  go  there  if  I  pleased.'  Accordingly  the  care  of  that 
f  I  chose  to  accept  it,  would  now  devolve  upon  me; 


M 


ission,  1 

but  as  I  determin(%  for  reasons  which  I  sliall  connnimicate  to 
the  Society,  to  decline  the  charge,  the  design  of  this  hMter  is 
formally  to  resign  it  in  your  favour.  As  the  Society  seem  to 
have  intrusted  the  conduct  of  this  affair  to  me,  and,  I  am  very 
sensible  will  expect  a  speedy  and  decisive  answer,  1  should 
be  glad  to  know  by  \\w.  tirst  opportunity  whether  the  offer, 
which  I  look  upon  myself  as  now  authorized  to  make  you,  be 
agreeable,  that  1  may  transmit  y^ar  reply  to  that  venerable 
body." 

The  answer  to  this,  on  the  part  of  Mr.  Bailey,  was:  "  If  Mr. 
W^eeks  declines  going  to  Annapolis,  and  you  are  willing  to 
resign  your  prior  appointment  in  my  favor,  I  shall  cheerfully 
accept  of  the  Mission."  In  October,  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks  visited 
Annapolis,  it  being  his  second  visit  this  year,  and  in  November 
he  wrote  a  letter  to  Mr.  Bail(>y,  disa[)proving  of  his  views  with 
reference  to  that  place.  In  the  spring  of  the  next  year  the  fol- 
lowing l(>tter  reached  Mr.  Bailey  : — 

"  Hatton  Gardion,  Jan'y  29,  1782. 
"Rev.  Sir: — Your  two  letters  of  the  9th  November  last 
have  been  duly  received,  and  were  laid  btjfore  the  Society  at 
their  meeting  on  the  2'3th  instant,  when  the  affair  of  Mr. 
W^eeks  being  taken  into  full  consideration  the  Society  came 
to  the  following  determination  :  Resolved,  that  as  Mr.  AVeeks 
refuses  to  jeside  upon  the  Mission  of  Aimapolis,  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Bailey  be  appointed  in  his  room.  You  will  therefore  consider 
yourself  henceforward  as  Missionary  to  that  place,  whither  you 


■J'tl 


1782] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     I3A1LEY. 


183 


will,  with  all  due  speed,  repair:  and  after  what  has  passed  re- 
specting Mr.  Weeks  there  is  little  occasion  for  nie  to  observe 
that  the  Society  expect  that  you  will  constantly  reside  there. 
The  people  of  (iranville  are  to  be  considered  as  part  of  the 
Mission.  *  ♦  #  Your  salary  from  the  Society  is  the  same  as 
it  now  stands.  £60  stlg.,  but  you  will  receive  £10  >^tl<z.  from 
the  (government,  which,  I  believe,  is  paid  in  Nova  S(H)tia.  I 
should  hope  that  the  Cha|ilaiiiship  of  the  Garrison  will  be 
given  to  you  also,  as  INIr.  Weeks  can  now  have  no  claims  to 
it.  All  I  have  further  to  add  on  tliis  subject  is  my  hearty 
prayer  for  all  success  in  your  Ministry,  and  every  degree  of 
prosperity  to  you  and  your  large  family,  who,  I  hope,  will  re- 
ceive comfort  in  that  situation,  which  Mr.  Weeks,  by  multi- 
plying his  lucrative  employments,  seems  to  have  des})ised. 
•  #*«*« 

"  1  am,  Rev'd  Sir, 

Your  aflectionate  brother, 
and  very  humble  servant, 


WM.  MORICE,  Secretary: 


In  writing  to  a  friend  shortly  after  the  receipt  of  thi;  forego- 
ing letter,  Mr.  Bailey  says:  "I  am  sorry  to  find  Mr.  W\'eks 
wholly  excluded  from  the  Society's  service.  I  am  informed 
that  he  is  oft'ended  with  me,  though,  I  can  truly  allirm,  the 
appointment  was  not  of  my  seeking,  and  even  when  Dr. 
Morice  informed  me  last  fall  that  I  was  to  succeed  in  case  Mr. 
Weeks  and  Dr.  Byles  should  refuse,  I  signified,  in  my  reply, 
that  I  should  prefer  Penobscot,  could  I  remove  thither  with 
safety,  and  the  Secretary,  in  his  last  letter,  assures  me  that  Mr. 
Weeks  was  dismissed  for  non-residence,  and  for  despising  the 
Society's  favour." 

Mr.  Bailey  makes  the  following  statement  of  the  amount  of 
his  income  when  at  Cornwallis :  "  During  which  time  I  had 
no  emoluments  except  fifty  pounds  from  the  Society,  a  deputy 
Chaplainship  for  half  a  year,  and  the  contributions  of  a  few 
people  at  Cornwallis." 

The  following  letter,  dated  August  5th,  1782,  though  of 
some  length,  seems  to  be  worthy  of  insertion,  here : — 


m 


^     1  ■     T^  "■ 

■  m 

' 

l' 

If' 

!  ^0 

1 1  ' 


'\     I 


liiii 


184 


"To 


FRONTIER     ^I I  S  S  I  O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1782. 


"  Di:aii  Sir: — In  pursimnci;  of  my  engagements  I  now  ap- 
ply myself  to  fnrnisii  yoii  with  some  account  of  my  late  move- 
ments and  adventures.  I  believe  you  have  already  received 
information  tliat  before  my  departure  from  Cornwallis  I  was 
invited  to  oillciate  in  the  Meeting  House.  In  consequence  of 
tliis  invitation  I  read  prayers  and  delivered  two  sermons  to  a 
more  numerous  assembly  than  I  had  ever  seen  in  this  Province. 
Most  of  the  inhabitants  of  every  d(!nomination  attended,  gave 
serious  attention,  behaved  with  decency,  favoured  me  with  a 
very  handsome  collection,  and  seemed  to  relish  my  farewell 
discourse.  But  modesty  must  prevent  my  enlarging  here,  even 
to  a  friend. 

We  proposed  to  advance  towards  Annapolis  on  Tuesday, 
the  24th  of  July,  but  an  excessive  rain  on  Monday  hindered 
our  preparations,  so  that  our  departure  was  delayed  till 
Wednesday  morning,  when  we  observed  Jie  following  order: 
a  cart,  with  two  yoke  of  oxen,  containing  all  our  worldly 
possessions,  began  the  procession,  guarded  by  a  couple  of 
sprightly  young  fellows,  who  otlered  their  services;  a  vehicle 
for  the  reception  of  Mrs.  Bailey  and  her  children  drawn  by 
two  horses  next  appeared  under  the  conduct  of  honest  John.* 
INIrs.  Burbidge,  in  her  chaise,  with  the  above-mentioned 
persons,  set  oflf  about  seven,  accompanied  with  near  thirty 
people,  of  both  sexes,  on  horseback,  who  attended  us  with 
cheerful  solemnity  to  the  distance  of  fourteen  miles  on  our 
journey.  About  eleven  we  arrived  at  Marshall's,  and  with 
much  diilieulty  provided  an  early  dinner  for  our  large  company. 
At  one  we  parted  with  our  friends.  Upon  this  occasion  the 
scenes  were  affecting;  mutual  ctiiisions  of  sorrow  were  dis- 
played, and  our  hearts  were  agitated  with  tender  emotions. 
Once  I  imagined  it  impossible  to  abandon  Cornwallis  with 
such  painful  regret,  and  conceived  that  we  could  bid  the  inhabi- 
tants adieu  without  a  single  tear  of  sensibility  on  either  side, 
but  I  found  myself  mistaken.     Justice  and  gratitude  compel 


*  John  McXiimarra. 


1782.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     RAILEY. 


185 


me  to  entertain  a    more  favourable  o|)inion  of  these  people 
than  formerly,  and  tlii'ir  conduct  has  aj)peared  in  a  inueli  more 
amiable  light  at  the  conclusion  than  at  the  beginning  of  our 
connection.     Most  of  inv  hearers,  and  several  of  othc  denomi- 
nations,  made  us  presents  before  our  migration,  and  we  were 
at  no  e.\j)ense  for  horses  and  carriages.     The  distressing  cere- 
mony of  j)arting  being  over,  Mrs.  IJailey  was  seated  with  her 
little  ones  in  the  above-mentioned  machine,  over  which  was 
stretched  a  covering  of  canvas,  as  a  defence  both  from  the 
vivid    rays  of  the  sun  and  the    rain   of  heaven.      We    now 
entered  a  wilderness  of  vast  extent,  without  a  single  human 
habitation  for  the  space  of  eleven  miles,  the  roads  extremely 
rough,  sheltered  with  tall  forests,  encumbered  with  rocks  and 
deformed  with   deep  sloughs;  and,  to  render  the   scene   still 
more  disconsolate  and  dismal,  the  winds  howled  among  the 
trees,  thick  volumes  of  clouds  rolled  from  the  western  hemis- 
phere, and  the  rumble  of  thunder  announced  the   horrors   of 
an  approaching  tempest.      We  had  still  in  company  six  j)ersons 
besides  our  own  family,  two  of  whom  pushed  forward  with 
Betsy  Nye  and  reached  a  publick  house  before  the  rain.     Mr. 
Starr  and  your  humble  servant  left  the  carriages  at  the  distance 
of  four  miles  from  the  dwelling  of  one  Potter,  lately  removed 
from  Cornwallis,  at  which  we  arrived  a  little  after  sunset,  just 
as  the  heavy  shower  was  beginning  to  descend.     The  sudden 
darkness  of  the  evening,  with  the  danger  of  oversetting,  gave 
us  very  uneasy  apprehensions;  at  length  Mrs.  Bailey  and  the 
children  appeared,  as  did  some  time  after  the  conductors  of 
the  team  thoroughly   wet  to  the   skin.     We  were  crowded, 
eight  in  number  besides  the  family,  into  a  room  about  sixteen 
feet  square,  which  proved  a  miserable  shelter  against  the  most 
impetuous  rain    1  ever  knew  in  this  Province.     The  house 
leaked  so  intolerably  that  I  was  wet  to  the  skin  at  the  tea- 
ta])le;  we  however  placed  bear  skins  in  such  a  maimer  as  to 
preserve  a  good  feather  bed  from  the  water,  into  which  we 
tumbled  about  midnight,  but  the  incredible  swarms  of  musqui- 
tos  and  sand  flies,  and  the  intolerable  heat,  both  of  the  weather 
and  a  large  fire,  j)revented  us  from  sleeping.    The  next  morning 
we  arose  before  the  sun,  and  during  breakfast  were  tormented 
24 


li'M 


m 
4 


'i  wf 


m 


I:JJ 


i  I: ; 


186 


r  R  o  N  T I E  R    missionary;    or, 


[1782. 


ri-iffi 


1 

1^ 

K 

M 

i 

) 

5   . 

1 

i' 

fff 

"  , 

, 

'  V  1 

li  J'  1 

|:         if 

|l,          ,■ 

M   , 

l!    f 

.  I     5 


by  onr  unwelcome  companions  of  tlio  j)rcce(ling  night.  The 
weather  was  remarkably  oh)sc  and  muggy,  the  heavens  over- 
spread with  heavy  clouds,  the  mountains  and  rivers  covered 
with  stagnant  fogs,  and  all  the  surrounding  scenes  of  nature 
presaged  temj)est  and  thunder.  Having  prepared  our  cattle 
and  horses,  about  five  we  began  to  move  forward.  At  the 
distance  of  a  milt;  from  our  lodgings  I  was  invited  io  a  chris- 
tening, vvhih;  the  carriages  proceeded.  After  the  performance 
of  this  exer(;ise  I  took  my  leave  of  Mr.  Starr,  and  rode  over 
the  sandy,  barren  plains  about  two  miles,  till  I  overtook  our 
company.  By  this  time  the  western  hemisphere  presented  an 
awful  front  of  blackness,  and  solemn  peals  of  thunder  rolled 
along  the  gloomy  arch.  In  a  few  moments,  the  north-west 
wind  began  to  muster  his  forces  and  impelled  the  enormous 
shower  to  approach  with  frightful  rapidity.  Both  earth  and 
heaven  were  instantly  involved  in  clouds  and  darkness,  inter- 
rupted with  Hashes  of  lightning. 

We  were  fortunate  enough  to  reach  a  couple  of  cottages, 
the  only  habitations  within  the  extent  of  four  or  five  miles, 
just  as  the  torrents  were  begiiming  to  descend.  Mrs.  Bailey 
with  her  children  and  part  of  the  company  took  shelter  in  one, 
while  myself  and  the  remainder  gained  possession  of  the 
other.  It  will  be  needless  to  describe  the  progress  of  the 
tempest,  to  picture  the  furious  driving  of  the  rain,  or  to  jiresent 
to  your  imagination  the  accumulated  streams,  pouring  down 
the  hills  and  smoking  along  the  valleys  with  impetuous  roar. 
I  found  no  person  in  the  house  except  the  basket  maker's 
daughter,  lately  arrived  from  Black  Hall.  A  prettier  face  I 
had  never  beheld  in  the  Province,  and  her  behaviour,  notwith- 
stantling  the  homeliness  of  her  apparel,  was  suilicient  to 
prejudice  a  connoisseur  in  her  favour.  Having  purchased  of 
the  rural  beauty  baskets  to  the  amount  of  a  dollar,  and  the 
storm  beginning  to  abate,  we  quickly  remounted  and  pushed 
forward  with  as  much  alacrity  as  possible,  the  roads  swimming 
in  water,  the  fragments  of  clouds  dropping  upon  us.  The 
sun  at  length  breaking  out  with  increasing  splendour,  the 
company  upon  single  horses  agreed  to  push  for  the  next  stage  , 
at  the  distance  of  eight  miles.     On  this  occasion  Betsy  Nye, 


17S2.] 


LIFE     OF     Ri;V.     JACOB     BAILEY, 


187 


who  had  thr  preceding  day  lost  her  cloak,  returned  a  borrowed 
surtout.  But  we  had  no  sooner  entered  the  vast  plains  to  the 
westward  of  Black  Hall,  the  only  human  residence  between 
the  place  of  our  departure  and  Crocker's,  when  the  face  of 
heaven  began  again  to  scowl  and  wear  a  threatening  aspect, 
and  now  the  waters  burst  in  continued  and  impetuous  showers 
from  the  clouds.  For  live  miles  together  we  were  attended  by 
these  descending  floods,  till  we  were  completely  soaked  through 
our  garments  to  the  skin.  Poor  Betsy  on  this  occasion  was 
an  object  both  of  laughter  and  compassion,  her  hat  hanging 
over  each  ear,  the  water  streaming  from  her  disheveled  hair, 
and  her  clothes  clinging  to  her  lean,  lanky  carcass,  exhibited  a 
picture  dismally  romantic,  and,  if  I  may  be  allowed  to  assume 
the  vulgar  dialect,  she  reseml)led  a  drowned  rat.  About  ten 
we  arrived  in  this  woful  pickle  at  Crocker's,  where  we  dried 
our  clothes  with  the  assistance  of  a  large  fire.  I  suffered  great 
anxiety  on  account  of  Mrs.  Bailey  and  the  children,  who  did 
not  appear  till  after  twelve,  but  they  had  found  means  to  defend 
themselves  with  blankets  frotn  the  vi()lenc(>  of  the  weather. 
We  presently  discovered  that  Mrs.  Crocker  was  a  right  notable 
woman,  and,  as  she  claimed  some  distant  cousinship  with  me, 
she  was  very  attentive  and  bustling  to  accommodate  \is. 
After  a  sociable  dinner  we  parted  with  two  more  of  our 
Cornwallikin  attendants,  and  the  weather  being  tine  and 
pleasant,  proceeded  on  our  journey. 

At  the  distance  of  a  mile  we  passed  by  a  very  elegant  plan- 
tation, which  suddenly  rose  upon  us  amidst  the  barren  wilds. 
A  commodious  dwelling  stood  on  the  northern  side  of  the 
road  furnished  with  extensive  fields,  on  the  south  was  a  large 
orchard  upon  a  gentle  declivity,  sloping  towards  Annapolis 
river,  which  winded  in  a  slow  current  through  beautiful 
meadows,  forming  a  pretty,  romantic  island  on  the  western 
limits  of  the  prospect.  Beyond  the  river  through  avenues 
which  opened  among  groves  of  tall  trees  we  discovered  several 
habitations  with  adjacent  farms.  The  excessive  rains  had 
swollen  every  inconsiderable  stream  almost  to  the  magnitude 
of  a  river,  but  such  was  the  nature  of  the  soil  that  the  roads 
became  dry  the  moment  the  sun  recovered  its  wonted  splendour. 


'Mi\ 


,   M 


i !''  I 


it  \ 


188 


FRONTIKIl       missionary;     OR, 


[1782. 


r ' 


'  I 


n  t 


i  ■^ 


ffi   .;■ 


,1-| 


W».>  j<>^'f?<'(l  oil  this  aflernoon  about  ton  milrs  without  any 
accident  worth  recording,  when  we  met  a  couph'  of  gentlemen 
on  horrieback.  The  eldest  appeared  between  forty-live  and 
fifty,  and  immediately  accosted  us  with  the  most  solemn 
formidity  in  the  following  words:  '  Pray  inform  me  whether 
the  Reverend  Mr.  Bailey,  the  Society's  Missionary  for  Annapolis 
and  CJranvilJe,  is  in  this  company?'  This  address  was  deliv- 
ered in  a  slow,  moderate  and  (!alm  tone  of  voice,  and  when 
he  r<'ceived  a  reply  in  the  atlirmativc,  he  lifted  his  hat  with 
great  deliberation  from  his  head,  and  bowed  with  the;  most 
inllexible  gravity.  I  take  notice  of  our  first  introduction  to 
the  presence  of  this  gentleman,  who  is  in  many  respects  a 
singular  and  romantic  character,  because  I  shall  have  frecpuMit 
occasion  to  mention  him  in  my  future  communications.  1 
have  particular  reasons  for  concealing  his  name  at  present, 
and  shall  only  remark  that  he  is  a  New  England  man,  a  sturdy 
loyalist,  and  a  recent  convert  to  tiie  Chu;  h.  We  were  soon 
overtaken  by  Mr.  Peter  Pinco,  who  invited  us  to  his  habitation, 
eighteen  miles  distant  from  Annapolis,  where  we  all  arrived 
in  good  spirits,  though  not  a  little  fatigued  with  our  journey, 
for  we  had  travelled,  with  all  our  baggage,  fifty-four  miles  in 
two  days.  We  found  Mr.  Pineo  very  friendly  and  obliging, 
and  however  he  may  be  esteemed  vain,  conceited  and  self- 
im|)ortant,  yet  these  shades  in  his  character  are  without  any 
mixtures  of  ill  nature,  insolence,  or  severity,  but  rather  tinctured 
with  benevolence;  and  his  disposition  to  exalt  himself  is 
distinguished  by  acts  of  generosity  and  the  most  hospitable 
exertions.  The  next  morning  we  dismissed  our  carriages  and 
parted  with  the  remainder  of  our  Cornwallis  friends,  determin- 
ing to  repose  a  little  till  some  means  of  further  conveyance 
should  ofi'er.  Mr.  Pineo  sent  an  invitation  to  Mr.  Morse,  the 
dissenting  teacher  of  Granville,  who  attended  with  his  lady  at 
dinner,  and  at  the  same  time  Mr.  Formality  made  his  appear- 
ance with  a  recjuest  to  accompany  him  about  five  miles  to  his 
dwelling.  After  a  serious  consultation  it  was  agreed  that  I 
should  olliciate  the  next  Sunday  at  the  meeting-house,  and 
upon  other  occasions  when  I  found  myself  disposed  to  perform 
service  at  Granville. 


I^!^ 


1782.] 


LITE     OF     UEV.     JACOH      HAILi:Y. 


189 


All  e|)io»ir<'  ini<^lit  amuse  you  with  an  account  of  Hip  splen- 
did ciitcrtaiiuiicnt  i)rovidcd  upon  this  occasion,  hut  it  is 
sullicicnt  to  observe  tliat  our  repast  was  lii^dily  ele^'aut  and 
luxurious.  As  tlic  new  convert  to  Fi|)iscopacy  and  Mr.  Morse 
were  of  course  at  bitter  enmity,  and  as  the  hitter  is  not  very 
reniarkahh'  for  wis(hini  or  pruch'uce,  we  had  some  dilliculty 
to  divert  them  from  disagreealjh"  altercations.  IJut  whatever 
deliciencies  a  connoh  .-jcur  mi^dit  discover  in  the  disposition 
and  conduct  of  the  I'ar.'^on,  I  am  C(Ttaiu  that  every  one  umst 
admire  the  good  sense,  modesty  and  discretion  of  his  wife, 
<!S|)ecially  as  she  has  encountered  misfortunes  suliicient  to 
embitter  her  teiuper  and  to  render  lier  gloomy  and  unsociable. 
Tlu'  next  morning,  it  being  tiie  fourth  day  of  our  journey,  my 
new  friend  attended  us  with  a  team  and  several  horses  to 
convey  both  our  |)ers(»ns  and  baggage  to  his  hal)itation.  The 
nu)ment  we  had  prepared  for  our  departure  it  began  to  rain 
impetuously,  and  continued  without  intermission  till  six  in  the 
afternoon,  when  a  favourable  appearance  of  fair  weather 
enticed  us  abroad,  but  we  had  iu>t  proceeded  a  mile  before  the 
clouds  began  to  discharge  their  licpiid  treasures.     However, 

after  wading  through  water  and  mire  we  arrived  at  Mr. 's 

habitation  about  dark,  wet,  fatigued  and  chilly.  His  wife, 
sister  to  an  intimate  ac(|uaintance  of  mine  in  New  England, 
received  us  like  a  silent,  kind-hearted  country-woman,  and 
with  her  daughters,  gave  us  all  the  friendly  assistance  in  her 
power,  while  the  husband,  standing  upright  in  the  middle  of 
the  room,  straight  as  the  pine  tree  of  Kennebeck,  welcomed 
us  to  his  apartments  in  a  set  and  ceremonious  speech,  delivered 
with  his  usual  gravity  and  deliberation. 

It  was  Saturday  evening,  about  nine,  when  we  disposed  of 
ourselves  in  the  habitation  of  Mr.  Formality.  After  tea  and 
prayers  we  were  conducted  into  the  best  apartment  for  repose, 
and  when  the  fifth  morning  of  our  migration  began  to  stain 
the  summits  of  the  mountains  we  arose,  and  conducted  as 
most  other  people  usually  do  on  such  occasions.  When  the 
time  of  Divine  Service  arriv(!d  we  attended.  The  meeting- 
house was  commodious,  and  the  congregation  as  large  as  could 
be  expected  upon  so  little  notice.     The  Parson  and  his  Dea- 


M 


iUil 


r' 


1})0 


I'UONTIEIl     missionary;     OR, 


[1782. 


•ill! 


), 


u 

'ii 


i     1     i| 

. 

1 

r-f. 

t 
■ 

.'!      I 


.  :•,  1  ii 

pm.; 

If:-: 

cons  wore  among  my  hciircrs,  and  wo  had  ^ovrral  New  Lights 
to  grae(!  the  audience.  The  rernain{U;r  of  the  day  was  spent 
in  agreeable  conversation  and  in  laying  the  plans  of  our  future 
operations.  On  the  sixth  day  we  took  a  breakfast  with  Mr. 
"William  Clark,  one  of  my  Methodistieal  parishioners,  and 
having  procured  horses  began  to  pre|)ar».'  for  the  remainder  ot 
our  journey,  being  now  about  fourteen  uiiles  from  the  town  of 
Amiapolis.  With  considerable  fatigue,  some  danger,  and  a 
profusion  of  mud  we  crossed  the  river  and  landed  in  a  beauti- 
ful meadow  covered  with  tall  grass  and  bounded  with  a  rich 
woodland  pasture. 

We  passed  through  an  agreeable  variety  of  rural  scenes 
above  half  a  mih',  till  w(!  occupied  the  county  road.  About 
eleven  o'clock  we  arrived  at  the  dwelling  of  my  old  friend,  Mr. 
Bass,  brother  to  Parson  Bass,  of  Newbury.  Here  we  met  with 
a  cordial  reception,  and  had  a  very  good  dinner  in  the  primitive 
style. 

Figure  to  yourself  a  New  England  farmer  twenty  years  ago, 
about  ten  miles  distant  from  Kwston,  able  with  his  own  industry 
to  make  a  comfortable  living,  besides  discharging  his  tax-bill, 
paying  the  midwife,  and  providing  a  plentiful  and  greasy 
dinner  on  Thanksgiving  sullicient  to  feast  an  hundred  |)lough- 
men.  Produce  such  a  j)erson  to  your  imagination,  and  you 
will  obtain  an  idea  of  Mr.  Bass,  with  this  exception,  that  he 
exceeds  any  one  you  ever  saw  of  the  above  description,  in 
loyalty  and  indexible  honesty,  mingled  with  a  portion  of 
seemingly  accidental  wit,  which  he  scatters  abroad  in  his 
conversation.  I  had  forgot  to  inform  the  gentle  reader  that 
the  ceremonious  gentleman  waited  upon  us  with  great  formality 
to  the  royal  city.  When  we  departed  from  the  hospitable 
mansion  of  Mr.  Bass  this  was  the  form  of  our  procession:  our 
attendant  moved  forward,  pointing  out  the  way,  then  your 
humble  servant  and  his  little  son,  while  Madam,  John  and 
Becky  mounted  upon  the  back  of  another  horse,  conducted 
the  rear.  We  halted  in  our  march  at  the  house  of  one  Mr. 
Sanders,  about  five  miles  from  town;  the  man,  a  strict  Church- 
man, and  a  great  friend  to  Government.  His  farm  lies  upon 
the  declivity  of  the  Southern  Mountains,  and  from  his  door 


fm 


1782.] 


L I V  E    o  V    II  i:  V .    J  A  c  c)  n    n  ai  i ,  i ;  v . 


l!)l 


you  command  a  very  grand  and  cxtiMislvc  prospect.  One 
hour  and  a  (piartcr  moro  conclndcd  our  tedious  jonrncy.  It 
was  not  till  after  four  of  the  clock,  in  a  cool  and  most  delii;ht- 
ful  day,  when,  havinj^  passed  through  a  gloomy  wood,  we 
.suddenly  opened  upon  an  exteiksive  plain  overspread  with  iha 
richest  verdure,  ornamented  with  little  proves,  and  beautified 
with  hunches  of  wild  roses,  which  scattered  their  delicious 
fragrance  through  the  air.  After  crossing  this  plain  the 
remainder  of  our  progress  for  the  space  of  a  mile  was  an  easy 
descent  towards  the  north-west,  both  sides  of  the  road  being 
adorned  with  little  fields,  gardens  and  orchards.  Upon  an 
obtuse  point  of  land  formed  by  the  bending  of  the  river,  the 
town  appeared,  rising  amidst  a  forest  of  fruit  trees,  while  the 
lofty  mountains  of  Granville  terminated  the  direct  view.'' 

In  a  few  weeks  after  this  removal,  a  son  of  Capt.  INFowatt,* 
Avho  had  commatided  one  of  the  vessels  of  the  British  navy, 
arrived  at  Annapolis,  being  sent  to  !\!r.  IJailey  to  I)e  educated. 

By  a  comparison  of  dates  it  would  appear  that  Mr.  Bailey 
arrived  at  Annapolis  August  1st,  1782. 

The  following  is  a  co|)y  of  the  first  letter  which  he  wrote  to 
the  Society  after  his  arrival  in  this  place: — 

"Annai'olis,  Oct.  14,1782. 
"  To  till'  Secretary  of  the 

"  Soc'iclij  for  Propaij^ating-  the  Gospel,  i)'C. 
"Rkv.  Sir: — Permit  me,  by  your  assistance,  to  present  the 
following  representations  to  the  Venerable  Society.  About 
three  months  ago  I  removed  with  my  family  from  C.'ornwallis, 
and  after  a  tedious  journey  of  five  days  arrived  at  Annapolis. 
Gratitude  obliges  me  to  announce  the  kind  and  friendly  treat- 
ment 1  received  from  the  inhabitants  of  Cornwallis  during  the 
latter  part  of  my  residence  there.  They  not  only  expressed 
the  highest  regret  at;  parting,  but  gave  convincing  evidence  of 
their  atlection  and  esteem.  My  reception  both  here  and  at 
Granville  fully  answered  my  expectations,  but  the  principal 
persons  among  my  hearers  conceive  it  not  to  be  prudent  to 

*  See  Note  L. 


if 


m 


M 


\  : 


K 


"ii'l 


i  I 


)  \ 


'    '"I  ; 

.  1- 


li*'f 


|: 

h 

a)|;- 

§' 

;■'■■  ■■  i 

1 

1     ''i 

1 

i 

L 

192 


FROMIEll     MISSIOXAIIY 


OR, 


[1782. 


urge  a  subscription  at  present,  and  it  is  universally  agreed  that 
ti.e  Mission  has  abundantly  suft'ered  for  want  of  a  resident  min- 
ister. It  is  undoubtedly  owing  to  this  that  enthusiasm,  and  if 
possible  i)rineiples  of  a  more  pernicious  nature  have  made  such 
a  progress  in  these  parts.  I  have  the  satisfaction  however  to 
observe  that  the  New  Piiigland  Independents  are  much  better 
disposed  towards  tin;  Church  here  than  at  Cornwallis.  In 
conlirmation  of  this  I  would  beg  leave  to  mention  that  yester- 
day I  olliciated  in  a  meeting-house  at  thirteen  miles  distance 
from  the  town,  at  the  united  request  of  the  proprietors,  Avho  are 
all  Dissenters,  end  both  these  and  the  Presbyterians  of  Granville 
occasionally  attend  our  services,  though  they  have  preachers 
of  their  own.  The  little  town  of  Annapolis  contains  one 
hundred  and  twenty  persons,  all  except  four  or  fivp  of  the 
Church  of  England.  Several  other  families  of  the  same 
persuasion  reside  in  the  neighbourhood,  beside^  a  considerable 
number  of  French  Roman  Catholics.  Granville,  it  is  computed, 
has  above  forty  families  of  our  communion.  To  prevent  any 
disagreeable  altercation  with  my  brethren  at  Halifax,  who  had 
unjustly  taken  ofl'enc  at  my  ai)pointment,  Col.  Burbidge,  a 
man  of  an  exemplary  character  and  of  prime  inlluence  in  this 
Province,  waited  upon  the  Governor,  with  the  assistance  of 
my  worthy  friend  Dr.  Byles,  and  demanded  for  me  the  Chap- 
lainsiiip  of  this  garrison,  but  8ir  Andrew  refused,  alleging  that 
Mr.  Weeks,  the  instant  he  knew  of  my  appointment,  applied 
to  him  and  obtained  it.  I  was  however  encouraged  by  the 
above  gentlemen  to  make  a  direct  application  by  letter  to  the 
Secretary,  who  seems  disposed  to  befriend  me.  But  the  arrival 
of  Governor  Parr,  before  my  letters  could  reach  Halifax,  must 
again  defeat  my  endeavors,  as  Mr.  Weeks  is  ui)on  the  spot  to 
renew  his  solicitations,  an  advantage  which  clergymen  who 
reside  in  the  Metropolis  must  always  have  over  their  brethren 
who  live  at  the  distance  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  miles. 
Annapolis  is  an  agreeable  situation,  but  I  am  certain  that  I 
cannot  procure  the  necessaries  of  life  for  my  family,  especially 
while  the  war  continues,  unless  I  can  be  indulged  with  the 
Chaplainship  of  the  garrison.  The  articles  of  house  rent, 
firing  and  bread,  amount  to  above  c£70,  and  though  I  had 


1782.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


193 


(luring  i)art  of  my  continuance  at  Cornwallis  the  Deputy  Chap- 
lainship  of  a  regiment,  and  three  rations  of  provisions,  of 
which  I  was  deprived  last  May,  yet  ihe  e.\j)enses  of  my 
removal  have  encroached  upon  my  sahiry.  In  a  word,  the 
ini|)ortance  of  the  Mission  and  the  temper  of  the  peoph'  are 
such  that  it  is  recjuisite  that  the  minister  should  be  able  to 
support  himself  with  decency  and  to  practice  hospitality. 
Sutler  me  to  solicit  the  inllnence  of  the  So(;iety  in  this  matter, 
and  it  may  be  urged  in  my  favour  that  a  number  of  soldiers 
are  sent  to  reside  in  the  garrison,  which  must  of  necessity 
atl'ord  some  additional  duty.  I  would  likewise  accjuaint  the 
Society  that  the  school  at  Annapolis  has  been  supplied  for  a 
year  past  by  Mr.  Benjamin  Snow,  who  received  his  education 
at  Dartmouth  College,  and  who  was  expelled  from  New 
England  for  his  loyalty.  This  gcntlemiui  may  be  recommended 
for  his  learning,  sobriety  and  good  morals,  to  the  Society's 
favour.  He  gives  universal  satisfaction  to  the  people  and  is 
greatly  beloved  by  the  children,  whom,  with  my  assistance,  he 
catccl.ises  three  times  a  week.  We  humbly  rccjuest  that  the 
Societv  would  admit  him  for  their  schoolmaster  and  allow 
him  to  draw  for  the  usual  salary.  I  would  l^eg  leave  further 
to  state  that  either  there  never  was  any  library  given  to  this 
^Mission,  or  the  heirs  of  Dr.  Wood  have  disposed  of  the  books. 
If  the  Society  can  favour  me  with  some,  and  send  a  immber 
of  Prayer  Books,  and  pious  tracts  to  distribute  among  the 
young  people,  it  will  much  oblige  me." 

A  few  days  after  the  above  letter  was  written,  there  arrived 
at  Annapolis,  from  New  York,  nine  transports,  convoyed  by 
two  men-of-war.  These  transports  contain(>d  five  hundred 
refugees,  persons  of  both  sexes  and  all  ages,  sent  by  the 
British  Government  into  Nova  Scotia.  Mr.  Bailey  says,  in  a 
lerter  in  which  he  speiUvs  of  these  indi\iduals:  "Every  hal)ita- 
tion  is  crowded,  and  many  are  unable  to  procure  any  lodgings. 
Many  of  these  distressed  people  left  large  possessions  in  the 
rebellious  colonies,  and  their  sullering  en  account  of  their 
loyalty,  and  their  present  uncertain  and  destitute  condition, 
render  them  very  atlecting  objects  of  com|)assion."  He  says, 
in  another  letter:  "Many  of  them  are  people  of  fashion  from 
25 


■  r 


i.  : 


Ai 


•  t 


' '  '1 


1 


194 


FRONTIER       MISSIONARY 


OR, 


ri783. 


every  Province  on  the  continent,  except  Georgia.*'  Mr.  Bailey 
says,  under  date  of  Oct.  27th:  "I  have  been  busy  in  making 
a  refncree  sermon.  I  delivered  this  discourse  from  Psalm  evii. 
2d  and  3d  verses,  to  a  very  respectable  audience.  Even  the 
Whigs  were  not  unmoved  at  the  representations  of  our 
distresses." 

The  following  is  Mr.  Bailey's  first  report  to  the  Venerable 
Society  of  the  condition  of  his  parish  in  the  spring  of 
1783 :— 


■^■' 

i 

ll 

vki 

VI 

f'i 

ll 

li 

li 

iii: 

"  An^japolis,  April  30th,  1783. 
"  7b  Rev.  Wm.  Morice,  S^-c. ,]-(:. 

"  Rhv'd  Shi: — After  presenting  my  hearty  tl)anks  in  the 
most  respectful  manner  to  the  \'eneraV)le  Society,  I  would  l)ej;' 
leave  to  inform  them  that  since  my  last  I  have  baptized  twen- 
ty-five persons,  buried  ten,  and  marricl  five  couples.  I  admin- 
istered the  Sacrament  on  Christmas  and  Easter,  but  as  the 
weather  on  both  days  was  extremely  unpropitions  for  travel- 
ling, I  had  only  twelve  communicants.  We  have  a  Cbuvch 
at  Annapolis  sixty  feet  long  and  forty  broad,  with  a  steeple 
and  bell,  but  as  the  outside  only  is  finished  we  cannot  yet 
meet  in  it.  However,  it  is  no  longer  exposed  to  be  destroyed 
by  the  enemy.  I  presume  the  peo])le  will  do  something  thir, 
summer  towards  completing  it.  About  fvjurteen  miles  froni 
Annapolis  town,  on  the  same  side  of  the  river,  is  a  glebe  lot  of 
live  hundred  acres,  which  rents  for  :ti\  per  annum;  another  at 
Granville,  of  the  same  dimensions,  three  miles  from  Annapolis, 
is  worth  forty  shillings  a  year.  In  this  town  are  five  or  six 
little  tenements,  occaipied  by  poor  people,  of  whom  I  can  at 
present  expect  to  receive  little  or  no  rent.  The  remaindcT  of 
the  parsonage  lot  here,  which  was  given  ])y  Queen  Anne, 
contains  about  an  acre,  which  I  have  enclosed  for  a  garden  at 
a  considerable  expense.  We  are  greatly  obliged  to  the  So- 
ciety for  their  assistance  with  regard  to  the  school,  but  as  Mr. 
Snow  has  procured  a  grant  of  land  he  has  resigned  the  school 
to  Mr.  John  McNamarra,  a  young  man  who  has  been  educated 
by  me,  and  during  the  course  of  nine  years  he  has  lived  in  my 
family,  and    shown   himself  to    bo    a   person    of  remarkable 


i 


1783.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


195 


■;  -1  •■: 


sobriety  and  uiiahaken  integrity,  for  which  he  has  been  impris- 
oned and  cruelly  treated  while  we  continued  under  the  domin- 
ion of  Congress. 

"  I  have  not  yet  had  opportunity  to  make  any  motion  towards 
obtaining  subscriptions.  Ffty-two  families,  exclusive  of  refu- 
gees, by  a  written  paper  in  my  possession,  announce  them- 
selves of  the  Church  of  England,  none  of  whom  have  sub- 
scribed towards  my  support.  Some  of  them  are  sober,  well 
atlected  people,  many  of  them  INIethodists,  but  I  am  sorry  to 
observe  that  others  are  very  diflerent  in  their  sentiments  from 
the  little  loyal  town  of  Annapolis.  The  number  of  my  parish- 
ioners will  probably  increase,  as  one  thousand  more  refugees 
are  dcily  expected  ;  but  as  the  circumstances  of  those  unfortu- 
nate j)eople  are  truly  wretched  and  deplorable  beyond  all  mod- 
ern example,  no  advantage  can  be  expected  from  them ;  their 
necessities,  on  the  contrary,  must  demand  fretjucMit  ellusions  of 
pity  and  benedcence.  These  destitute  and  despised  wander- 
ers, instead  of  increasing  ray  emoluments,  must  daily  make 
demands  upon  my  compassion  and  qharity." 

The  inllux  of  loyalists  from  the  now  independent  Colonics 
continued  to  be  great.  Mr.  Bailey  writes  in  October:  "  Since 
the  commencement  of  this  week  there  havt;  arrived  at  Annap- 
olis five  ships,  eight  brigs,  and  four  sloops,  besides  schooners, 
with  near  a  thousand  people  from"  [New]  "York.  They  must 
be  turned  on  shore  without  any  shelter  in  this  rugged  season." 
A  letter  written  a  month  later  than  the  foregoing  says:  "■  Fif- 
teen hundred  fugitive  loyalists  are  just  landed  here  from" 
[New]  "  York  in  affecting  circumstances,  fatigued  with  a  long 
and  stormy  passage,  sickly,  and  destitute  of  shelter  from  the 
advances  of  winter,  which  are  now  commencing  in  all  their 
horrors.  For  six  months  past  these  wretched  outcasts  of 
America  and  Britain  have  been  landing  at  Annapolis,  and  va- 
rious other  parts  of  this  Province." 

To  another  friend  Mr.  Bailey  writes,  with  reference  to  this 
unhappy  class:  "Several  hundreds  are  stowed  in  our  Church, 
and  larger  numbers  are  still  unprovided  for." 


1.-;  •] 


H 


i   A 


f 


1/  M 


'i'M 


li  i  !:• 


ri: 


^14  'i 


I 


196 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1783. 


"  AwAPOLis,  Nov.  Gth,  1783. 
"  Tu  the  Rev.  Wm.  Moi-ice,  D.  D.,  Secretary^  ^x.  S^'c. 

"  Rkv'd  Sill : — Permit  me  to  lay  before  the  Venerable  Society 
the  present  State  of  this  Mission.  I  have  baptized  since  May 
last  twenty-fonr  infants  and  one  adult,  and  buried  ten  persons. 
I  oiliciate  at  Ciranville  onec  a  month,  in  a  decent  place 
of  worship,  about  fourteen  miles  from  Annapolis.  The  Dis- 
senters are  much  upon  the  decline,  and  the  only  minister  tjiey 
had  in  this  country,  not  being  able  to  find  a  support  among 
his  adherents,  has  disposed  of  his  interest,  and  is  about  to  re- 
move to  New  England.  Since  my  last,  of  August  15th,  above 
seventeen  hundred  persons  have  arrived  at  Anna])olis,  besides 
the  fifty-seventh  regiment,  in  consequence  of  which  my  habita- 
tion is  crowded.  The  Church  has  been  fitted  for  the  reception 
of  several  hundreds,  and  multitudes  are  still  without  shelter  in 
this  rigorous  and  stormy  season.  Near  four  hundred  of  these 
miserable  exiles  have  perished  in  a  violent  storm,  and  I  am 
persuaded  that  disease,  disappointment,  poverty,  and  chagrin, 
will  finish  the  course  of  m'<uiy  more  before  the  return  of  an- 
other spring.  So  much  attention  is  required  in  settling  these 
strangers,  that  nothing  of  a  publick  nature  can  be  pursued  to 
effect. 

"This  country,  when  I  removed  to  Annapolis,  contained 
about  fifteen  hundred  souls,  including  French  Roman  Catho- 
licks.  Between  three  and  four  thousand  have  since  been 
added,  and  several  new  settlements  formed,  so  that  it  will  be 
impossible  for  one  minister  to  give  proper  attendance.  House 
rent  is  extravagantly  dear.  A  small  unfinished  apartment 
costs  three  dollars  per  week,  and  the  necessaries  of  life  increase 
in  proportion  to  our  numbers.  I  am  settling  seventeen  families 
upon  the  glebe  land  in  this  town,  which,  after  another  year, 
may  yield  from  twelve  to  fourteen  Pounds. 

"  The  Governor  has  not  yet  admitted  rne  to  the  Deputy  Chap- 
lainship,  notwithstanding  there  is  no  other  clergyman  to  dis- 
charge the  duties  of  that  place."     ;    *   * 

The  following  was  addressed  to  Rev.  Samuel  Parker,  D.  D., 
Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  and  is  dated  in  November 


1784.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


197 


of  this  year:  '•  I  will  give  you  a  f^ketch  of  my  progress  in  farm- 
ing. The  best  house  in  xVnnapolis,  with  two  acres  of  garden 
and  orchard,  cost  me  £20.  I  expended  XIO  more  in  labour, 
exclusive  of  my  own.  ]]eside  supplying  three  families  in  six 
months  with  vegetables,  and  distributing  to  distressed  friends 
occasionally,  produce  for  winter  use  amounted  to  .i.*()0,  one 
half  of  which  was  stole,  so  that  the  remainder  is  just  e({ual  to 
rent  and  expenses." 

From  Mr.  Bailey's  reports  to  the  Venerable  Society  in  the 
year  1784,  it  seems  tliat  "the  Court  House,  every  store  and 
private  building,  being  crowded  with  people,  he  had  been 
obliged  to  perform  Divine  Service  at  several  miles  distance,  or 
in  his  own  habitation." 

The  Church  at  Annapolis  was  o|)ened  for  Divine  Service  for 
the  first  time  on  Easter  day  of  this  year.  Mr.  Bailey  says: 
"  Though  the  weather  was  wet  and  stormy,  we  had  a  large 
and  decent  congregation,  which  encouraged  me  to  hope  that 
people  will  be  more  attentive  to  Public  Worship,  now  they 
have  a  room  to  assemble  in,  for  it  ought  to  ])e  reinembered 
that  at  Annapolis  we  never  had  a  place  to  meet  in  sullicient 
to  contain  an  hundred  people,  for  which  reasons  multitudes 
were  under  the  necessity  of  absenting  themselves."  "  The 
Church,  when  finished,  will  contain  five  or  six  hundred  per- 
sons, and  the  new  settlers,  which  by  far  exceed  the  old,  are 
heartily  disposed  to  contribute  towards  its  completion."  In 
his  letter  sent  to  the  Society,  and  dated  October  28th,  1784, 
Mr.  Bailey  says:  "  I  have  the  satisfaction  to  inform  them  that 
at  Michaelmas  a  Vestry  of  the  most  respectable  characters 
were  chosen  according  to  the  institutions  of  this  Province,  that 
I  was  this  day  inducted  by  the  Wardens,  in  consecpience  of  a 
mandate  of  the  Governor,  and  that  we  have  a  prospect  of  es- 
tablishing an  happy  agreement  between  the  old  inhabitants 
and  the  new,  and  of  pursuing  measures  for  the  finishing  of  the 
Church."  He  speaks  of  his  labours  in  catechising  the  children, 
and  the  very  favourable  results  he  had  witnessed.  Every  Wed- 
nesday was  devoted  to  this  exercise,  preceded  by  Divine  Ser- 
vice, at  Annapolis.  On  other  days  he  visited  the  more  distant 
settlement  for  the  same  purpose.     And  "  one  hundred  children, 


*  i ,  4 


i 


.    '    *:    I 


^    '.'. 


ill 


1 


I 


l!  I 


I  i  t 

1  ; 

I     i  : 

1  <  ;; 


m:-£! 


r..3? 

i^ 

li' 

'ffrllj^ 

tW''' 

|:|. 

■ 

1 

WL. 

198 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1784. 


exclusive  of  those  in  Digby,  had  learnt  the  Church  Catechism, 
many  of  whom  were  the  posterity  of  rigid  Dissenters,  or  of  pa- 
rents destitute  of  any  religious  jn-inciples."  Mr.  Foririan,  a 
refugee  and  an  half-pay  ollieer,  was  at  that  time  tlie  principal 
schoolmaster  at  Dighy.  Liimenting  the  immorality  and  pro- 
fligacy that  prevailed,  arising  from  a  total  disuse  of  jniblic 
worship,  "  he  assembled  his  pupils  on  Sundays,  performed 
Divine  Service,  and  read  a  sermon.  The  schoolmistresses 
quickly  joined  him  with  tiieir  scholars,  and  in  a  few  weeks  ho 
was  attended  by  a  crowded  audience,  and  a  visible  alteration 
in  the  conduct  of  the  inhabitants  ensued." 

Mr.  Bailey  says:  "I  reckon  between  thirty  and  forty  com- 
municants at  Annapolis,  and  about  twenty  at  Granville,  but  I 
cannot  ascertain  tlie  number  at  otiier  settlements."  "  The 
Notitia  of  the  Pari  ih  for  the  last  twelve  months  were  : — 


Baptisms,  2() 
57 

83 


Marriages,  2o 
20 


45 


Burials,  29 
do         2 


30 


The  following  are  extracts  from  a  letter  from  Rev.  Samuel 
Parker,  D.  D.,  Boston,  December  1st,  1784: — 

"  Your  letter  of  September  21st,  arrived  here  when  I  was 
absent  at  Philadelphia,  and  it  was  not  till  the  last  of  October 
it  came  to  my  hands.  Two  chests  belonging  to  you  had  pre- 
viously been  brought  up  from  Pownalborough,  with  verbal 
orders  to  deliver  them  to  me,  but  no  letter  to  acquaint  me 
what  their  contents  were,  or  what  I  was  to  do  with  them.  * 
*  *  As  you  express  a  desire  to  have  your  sermons  imme- 
diately, I  opened  the  chest  containing  the  papers,  and  lind 
therein  a  parcel  of  papers  jumbled  together  in  as  great  confu- 
sion as  Chaos  itself  could  have  made,  and  the  chest  no  way 
secured.  Among  the  jumbled  heap  some  that  look  like  ser- 
mons, but  much  defaced,  torn,  and  abused,  were  discerned, 
and  I  have  picked  out  some  that  look  the  most  entire,  and 
packed  in  a  small  box,  which  I  commit  to  Mr.  Worcester's 
care.  *  *  The  contents  of  the  box  will  supply  your  present 
need  till  the  others  arrive.  I  had  a  good  mind  to  steal  some 
of  your  sermons,  but  found  upon  examination  that  I  could 


1784.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


109 


not  take  more  than  fifteen  minntes  to  deliver  them,  and  iny 
people  always  expeet  thirty  minutes,  and,  as  I  must  have  add- 
ed one  half  to  them,  1  thou^ifht  upon  the  whole  I  would  not  he 
guilty  of  a  theft,  which  would  turn  out  to  so  little  advantage. 
If  you  were  not  my  Senior,  I  shoidd  take  it  upon  myself  to 
advise  you  to  exj)end  a  little  more  pains  in  writing  your  dis- 
courses, because,  when  yon  are  old  you  may  be  obliged  to 
transcribe  for  the  purpose  of  reading  them.  xVnd,  if  they  were 
preserved  with  a  little  more  care,  it  would  be  no  disadvantage. 
I  congratulate  you  on  your  Induction  as  Rector  of  St.  Luke's, 
and  hope  that  your  latter  days  will  be  more  easy  than  the 
former." 

The  correspondence  which  Mr.  Bailey  commenced  on  his 
first  removal  into  the  Province  with  Rev.  Samuel  Peters,  D.  D., 
in  London,  was  «lill  maintained,  and  in  the  autumn  of  this 


•  ; 


ye 


ar  the  former  wrote  to  the  latter  the  followinc:: — 


"  AxxAi'OMs  RovAL,  0(tt.  3lst,  1784. 
"  Rkv.  AM)  Dkah  Sir: — The  long  expected  arrivals  from 
Britain  were  this  day  announced  at  Amiapolis,  and  a  friendly 
letter  from  Mr.  Domctte  came  into  my  hand  by  some  unknown 
conveyance.  But  I  am  not  indebted  to  your  munificence  for 
any  favours  of  that  nature.  Am  I  destined  to  wander  unno- 
ticed on  the  muddy  banks  of  Toowaubscot,  and  to  furnish  you 
with  future  anecdotes  of  Nova  Scotia,  unblessed  by  your 
ghostly  benediction  ?  In  a  word,  I  have  received  no  epistles 
from  you  since  the  beginning  of  last  March.  I  have  written 
in  the  interval  three  letters,  and  transmitted  a  large  packet, 
containing  a  description  of  this  Province  by  a  Dr.  Turnbull. 

"  Ministers  of  the  Church  of  England  have  resided  at  xVnnap- 
olis,  with  a  few  interruptions,  for  near  seventy  years  past  with- 
out any  Wardens  or  Vestry.  But  on  Michaelmas,  the  day 
appointed  by  the  laws  of  this  Province,  I  was  fortunate 
enough  to  convene  a  respectable  number  of  j)arishioners,  when 
twelve  of  the  principal  inhabitants  were  chosen.  A  letter  of 
induction  was  immediately  procured  from  the  Governor,  and 
I  was  last  Wednesday  inducted  into  the  Church. 

"  I  am  confident  that  no  Missionary  in  America  has  so  dilfi- 


MTWJ   1   '» 


M' 


200 


F 11 0  N  T  1 1: 11     All  S  S  I  O  N  A  11 Y 


O  R, 


[1784. 


I  ii. 


If 


ifed 


!   ( 


u 

, 

f 

'■  1 

' 

il 

i'  i 

, 

il 

1, 

:       ^Ifill 

^! 

\         'r 

i' 

af 

: 

1 

1 

'J 

:j 

:            i 

'■' 

^'1 

: 

'  ■ 

'•■ 

■1,1 

,■■; 

.   t 

i  '! 

■:"i 

1                            'i 

f    , 

1. 

' 

i! 

cult  and  luborious  a  situation  as  mine.  Once  a  month  I  olR- 
ciate  at  (iranviilo,  about  fourteen  miles  from  my  lial)itation. 
To  elleet  this  I  ride  about  twelve  miles  on  Saturday,  tlu;  next 
day  proceed  about  two  miles  by  water,  and  frecjuently  have 
to  climb  till'  banks  of  the  river  U|)  to  my  knees  in  mud.  Then, 
after  preaching  two  sermons,  catechising  the  children,  and 
baptizing  a  number  of  infants,  I  return  home  on  Sunday  (!ve- 
niiig  by  +he  sann?  route.  My  congregation  at  this  place  is 
between  three  and  four  hundri'd.  I  have  made  a  voyage  to 
Digby,  about  twenty  miles  below  Annapolis,  where  I  olliciated 
on(!  Sunday  and  baptized  a  numlxsr  of  children.  At  Annapo- 
lis T  perform  Divine  Service  on  Wednesday,  and  catechise  near 
eighty  children.  I  am  visiting  all  the  schools  in  the  country 
for  the  same  purpose,  and  am  freipiently  obliged  to  ride  twenty 
miles,  l)esides  crossing  rivers,  to  perform  the  olliee  of  baptism. 
Besides,  a  regiment  of  soldiers  augment  )ny  duty,  and,  though 
I  am  not  favoured  with  the  emoluments  of  a  chaplain,  human- 
ity obliges  me  to  perform  the  whole  exercises  of  that  olliee, 
while  those  who  grow  opulent  by  these  a|)pointments,  unat- 
tended either  with  labour  or  expense,  reproach  me  with  otll- 
ciousness,  ridicule  my  indigence,  and  pursue  me  with  the 
most  unabating  malice.  This  is  highly  provoking  to  a  feeling 
and  benevolent  mind.  I  cannot  determine  how  others  may 
act  in  this  situation,  but  I  caimot  endure  that  the  infant  of  a 
poor  soldier  should  remain  unbapti/ed,  that  his  children  or 
himself  should  be  excluded  from  instruction,  or  that  he  should 
be  committed  to  his  parent  dust  without  Christian  burial.  Is 
it  not  a  scandal  to  any  government,  or  rather  ecclesiastical  in- 
stitution, that  a  person  should  enjoy  the  profits  of  an  olliee 
Avithout  performing  even  the  miimtest  })art  of  the  duty  ? 
Though  disappointed  in  my  expecl<\tions,  and  deprived  of  my 
just  perquisites,  yet  I  am  haj)py,  amidst  my  struggles,  to  sup- 
port an  increasing  family  with  decency,  and  in  having  no 
altercations  with  my  people.  It  is  true  that  they  are  a  collec- 
tion of  all  nations,  kindreds,  comj)lexions  and  tongues,  assem- 
bled from  every  quarter  of  the  globe,  and  till  lately  equally 
strangers  to  each  other.  This  circumstance  has  prevented  me 
from  receiving  any  support  from  the  people,  and,  in  fact  both 


'('ling 

may 

of  a 

11  or 

lould 

Is 

il  in- 

otHce 

nty? 

if  my 

snp- 


JU 


1781] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOH     BAILEY. 


201 


the  original  Inhabitants  and  tlie  new  imagined,  till  lately,  that 
I  not  only  enjoyed  the  peninisltes  of  the  Garrison,  but  had  tlie 
same  salary  for  (Jranvllle  as  for  Annapolis.  'JMie  Wardens 
and  V^estry,  however,  give  some  encouragement  to  expect 
their  assistance,  but  I  derive  small  expectations  from  persons 
engaged  In  expensive  buildings,  and  settling  themselves  In  a 
strange  country,  espjjcially  as  the  finishing  of  the  church  de- 
mands their  immediate  and  liberal  contributions. 

"  Mr.  Wlswall*  paid  us  a  visit  not  long  ago,  with  his  wife 
and  her  youngest  daughter,  and  by  a  letter  just  received  from 
Cornwallls,  I  am  informed  that  he  is  settled  in  the  parsonage 
his  parishioners  have  erected  for  iiim.  The  parochial  duties 
of  this  gentleman  are  nothing  when  compared  with  mine. 
His  parishioners  are  few  in  luimber,  and  the  most  remote  are 
not  more  than  four  miles  from  his  habitation,  and.  If  I  remem- 
ber right,  he  neither  christens  nor  marries,  except  in  Church. 
#  *  *  I  have  received  several  epistles  during  the  summer 
past  from  my  worthy  friend  Mr.  Bass,  of  Newburyport,  who 
was  expelled  the  Society's  service  upon  the  testimony  of 
brother  Weeks.  He  wrote  to  that  gentleman  last  winter,  as 
follows : — 

"'Sir: — I  learn  that  you  have  been  my  accuser  to  the  So- 
ciety, and  beg  it  as  a  favour,  that  you  would  let  me  know  the 
articles  of  the  charge  you  alledged  against  me,  and  the  evi- 
dence you  produced  in  support  of  these  allegations. 

Your  obedient  servant, 

Edward  Bass.' 

"  To  which  Mr.  Weeks  returned  this  answer: — 

"  '  Rev'd  Sir: — I  had  a  line  from  you  a  low  days  ago.  If 
you  think  so  meanly  of  me  as  that  I  should  turn  accuser,  or  so 
iilghly  of  me  as  that  I  should  have  more  credit  with  the  So- 
ciety than  yourself,  you  greatly  wrong  me.  I  assure  you  I 
am  not  admitted  to  any  of  their  secrets. 
I  am,  Sir, 

Your  humble  servant, 

J.  WiNGATF,  Weeks.' 

*  .Rev.  John  Wiswall,  formerly  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church  in  Falmouth,  now 
Portland,  Maine. 

26 


m\  fi 


r 


i 


"'r  ! 


^1' 


|.!t 


1'     ) 
1     ' 


202 


FuoNTiuii    missionary;    oh, 


[1785. 


"  Mr.  Bass  intiTals  that  this  lei  tor  may  be  shown  to  Dr. 
Morict'. 

"  1  uiitlcrsfaiKl  that  Parson  Walter  has  arrived  at  Halifax,  in 
the  (|iiality  of  a  1).  J).  What  is  your  opinion  of  this  gentle- 
man ?  The  ladies  who  emigrated  from  York  to  Annapolis 
reprobate  him  as  a  fop  and  eoxeo  b,  and  allirm  that  his  whole 
attention  is  given  to  dress,  balls,  asseml)lies,  and  i)Iays. 

"  J]nt  it  is  the  fate  of  us  elergymen  to  bt;  censured.  If  we 
are  grave,  and  assume  a  little  dignity,  we  are  still',  formal,  and 
proud;  if  we  arc  free,  open,  and  soeiid)lo,  we  are  acensed  of 
levity.  If  we,  or  onr  families,  are  attentive  to  make  a  fashion- 
able appearance,  wo.  are  foppish,  extravagant,  and  slaves  to 
the  mode;  if  careless  of  dress  we  are  slovens.  So  it  was  in 
ancient  days.  John,  the  son  of  /acharias,  who  appeared  as 
unadorned  as  a  Micmac  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  who  rejected  the 
delicacies  of  aj)petite,  was  accused  of  holding  an  intimate 
correspondence  with  the  Devil.  While  his  Divine  INIaster, 
who  j)ursued  a  difVercnt  conduct,  was  l)lackcned  as  a  glutton, 
a  gu/zler  of  wine,  and  as  a  friend  to  harlots  and  Custom  House 
odicers,  the  aversion  of  .lews  and  American  smugglers. 

"  Noi'CDihcr  At/i. — That  you  may  form  some  idea  of  my  pa- 
rochial situation  and  fatigues,  I  will  inform  you  that  I  was 
obliged  this  day  to  ride  twelve  miles  through  mire,  near  a  foot 
deep,  to  marry  a  couple.  But  when  I  arrived  at  the  destined 
spot,  behold,  there  was  no  boat  to  cross  the  river.  After  hold- 
ing a  conversation  a  few  minutes  from  the  opposite  banks, 
behold  Hymen  grew  angry,  the  lovers  were  greivously  disap- 
pointed, and  your  humble  servant  was  under  a  necessity  of 
returning  home  without  his  fee  through  the  same  muddy  road. 
Hark!  A  heavy  rapping  at  the  door!  'A  gentleman  and 
lady  want  to  speak  with  you.'  Let  them  walk  in.  The  same 
couple,  now  made  happy.  To-morrow  I  must  travel  the  same 
road  to  bury  a  Judge,  who  fell  a  sacrifice  to  all  powerful  rum, 
which  in  this  country,  like  death,  levels  all  distinctions." 


1 

i  wli 

.■  '  i  '  , 

m 

. 

m 

';.; 

fei 

'     1 

1 

1:  '•  h 

■ 

t  k„ 

! 

This  letter  brought  a  rather  painfully  characteristic  reply 
from  Dr.  Peters,  Pimlico,  February  22,  1785,  from  which  the 
following  is  extracted  : — 

"  Your  favour  of  Octob.  31,  1784,  reached  me  Jan'y  7th,  for 


17S5.] 


LIFE    OK    Ri:v.    JAcon    hailky. 


203 


which  I  thank  you,  'although  you  mnst  have  some  vilhiiiis  at 
Halifax,  who  intercept  iny  h'tters,  which  have  l)eeii  two  for 
one  I  have  received  from  yon.  This,  I  hope,  will  reach  you 
by  the  j^race  of  Dr.  Seahury,  now  the  Rifj^ht  Reverend  Father 
in  (iod,  l)y  Divine  |)eriMission  Hishop  of  Connecticut,  conse- 
crated l)y  th(!  Xon-jin'ini,'  Rishops  of  the  aniient  and  primitive 
Church  of  Scotland,  who  lost  their  patrimony  and  church  tem- 
poralities, Anno  l()S8,  for  adhering,'  to  their  oaths  and  Ix-inuf 
loyal  to  .lames  IT.  Such  honor  have  yon  and  all  <^ood  saints. 
"The  Bishop  will  wait  on  you  and  give  you  his  benediction, 
of  more  value  than  mine  and  twenty-six  Right  Reverend  Lord 
l^ishops.  J  lis  certificate  will  be  of  great  service  to  yon  at  St. 
Peter's  gate,  who  will  admit  you  at  sight  of  it  into  Heaven, 
without  touching  at  Purgatory,  because  you  have  resided 
in  Nova  Scotia  nine  years,  which  must  have  purged  and 
sweated  you  more  than  three  hundred  and  sixty-live  days 
could  have  done  in  the  Pope's  IVison,  »  .  *  ^'our  congre- 
gation seems  to  be  comjiosed  of  IMedes,  Parthians,  and  Cre- 
tans. One  has  told  me  that  you  let  out  lots  on  the  glebe  at 
£S  per  (iiniiun,  to  the  amount  of  CSOO  jier  annum,  'J'he  So- 
ciety expect  that  (iranville  should  handsomely  contribute  to 
your  support,  as  well  as  where  you  reside.  If  (iranville  omit- 
ted" [to  do  this]  "  my  advice  is,  that  you  abide  wholly  at  An- 
napolis. Your  labours  are  truly  hard,  and  your  reward  is  in 
Heaven  along  with  our  curates  here,  who  bury  seven  in  a  day, 
christen  ten  to  fifteen  out  and  in  the  Church,  marry  from  three 
to  seven  couple  per  day,  visit  six  or  seven  persons  by  night 
and  by  day,  read  and  preach  three  times  on  each  Sunday,  and 
all  for  £40  to  ,£45  per  annum.  *  *  Your  observations 
concerning  the  censure  of  the  world,  which  commonly  falls  on 
the  Clergy,  is  too  true.  A  clean,  fashionable  ap|)earance  is 
part  of  virtue  and  part  of  Christianity.  A  clergyman  hert;  had 
better  be  guilty  of  grossly  immoral  and  scandalous  practices 
than  wear  a  dirty  shirt,  long  nails,  dirty  hands,  and  a  long 
beard ;  for  this  crime  alone  Mr.  I^yon,  on  Long  Island,  was 
dismissed  the  Society's  service.  I  have  laid  Mr.  Bass's  letter 
and  its  ansiver  before  the  Secretary.  The  answer  of  Mr. 
Weeks  is  mean  and  vile.     Mr.  Bass's  letters,  by  Mr.  Tracey, 


iil 


I  ^ 


204 


FllONTIEIl     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[17S5. 


II  ! 


t  ; 


\3  " 


I'l  :li 


J 

! 

11 

'  ';■:;■! 
s 

■|;.f  ; 

1 

■i 

^EjJ 

!!. 

iHlibJitl!  :.         . 

have  hvvn  eonHidcred.  I'lio  n-sult  is  not  to  his  bonofit.  Mr. 
Buss  was  niiiifd  licrc  by  people  of  iiis  own  Province  and  pro- 
fession, and  not  hy  Dr.  (Jardiner  .  Col.  Frye.  l\Ir.  IJass 
employed  jis  his  advocate  Mr.  Hale,  and  snch  as  bear  dnbions 
characters,  and  never  vindicati-d  liiniself  in  proper  time.  1  am 
sorry  for  Mr.  Bass,  but  if  he  will  move  to  a  mission  in  \t)va 
Scotia,  I  will  be  his  advocate,  and  will  succeed,  provided  it 
remains  a  secret  to  all  but  him,  you,  and 

Your  faithful 

S.  PETERS." 

To  this  letter  Mr.  TJailey  replied  as  follows: — 

"  AwAPOMs  Royal,  April  29,  ITH;!. 
''  To  tlic  Rcr.  Mr.  Samuel  Peters, 

'■'■London,  Great  Britain. 

"Dkaii  Sir: — I  have  in  possession  your  letter  of  February 
22d,  and  last  evening  I  waited  upon  the  Right  Reverend 
Father,  in  whose  presence  I  appeared  as  a  dwarf  alongside  of 
a  giant. 

"  I  am  not  yet  sulliciently  acquainted  with  this  dignified 
character  to  venture  any  remarks. 

"  If  my  connnunications  are  not  so  frecjuent  as  yours,  they 
certainly  exceed  in  quantity  beyond  all  proportion.  I  observe 
with  extremis  concern  and  vexation  that  some  designing, 
malicious  and  lying  villain,  either  in  the  singular  or  plural 
number,  has  been  very  busy  in  contriving  to  injure  me  in  your 
opinion. 

"As  to  the  af^nr  of  the  glebes,  I  will  give  you  an  exact 
account  of  the  miuter.  There  is  in  Annapolis  town  an  acre 
and  a  quarter  of  land,  formerly  the  Romish  glebe,  but  after 
the  con([uest,  confirmed  by  C^ueen  Anne  to  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land. Another  glebe  lies  at  fourteen  miles  distance  from  the 
town  which  has  rented  for  six  pounds;  a  third,  almost  contigu- 
ous, containing  two  hundred  and  eighty-eight  acres,  in  a 
wilderness  situation;  with  another  at  Granville.  These  lots 
together  rent  for  twenty-seven  pounds,  but  some  of  these 
tenants  are  unwilling  and  others  unable  to  pay,  and  I  have 


178.3.] 


LIFE     0  1"     lli;V.     JACOH     HAIL  i;Y. 


205 


hitherto  received  more  trouljh*  in  settling'  these  alliiirs  than 
profit.  And  T  iiin  iulornied  from  ^'ood  unthority  that  Dr. 
IJreyntou  and  Mr.  Weei\s  chiini  the  ^lel)«'  in  Annapolis  as  a 
per(piisit('  to  the  garrison,  and  that  rents  for  (h)nl)h!  the  sinn 
of  the  ot'iers. 

"  I  must,  acknowledi^e  tliat  I  reet'ived  an  anonymons  letter, 
with  redections  e«pially  severe  and  untrue.  Yoiir  comparison 
drawn  so  keenly  i)etween  me  and  Mr.  Lyon,  excited  at  once 
my  resentment  and  curiosity,  and  knowing  that  several  Long 
Ishind  people  resided  in  this  town  I  immediately  re|)aired  to 
company  in  which  were  two  gentlemen  and  as  many  ladies  of 
the  most  unexceptionable  and  worthy  characters.  Without 
hinting  at  tlie  letter  I  had  received,  1  in((uire(l  into  the  charac- 
ter of  Mr.  Lyon,  to  which  incpjiry  was  returned  the  following 
answer:  'That  they  were  intimately  accpiainted  with  the  man 
and  his  circumstances;  that  he  was  a  gentleman  of  sense,  but 
illnatured  and  avaricious  to  a  supreme  degree.  The  former 
appeared  in  the  cruel  treatment  of  his  wife,  a  woman  of  tlii^ 
first  family  in  that  part  of  tho  country,  and  in  his  repairing  to 
taverns  an  other  places  of  public  resort  to  dispute,  wrangle 
and  fight  with  his  neighlxmrs.  And  as  to  his  covetousness, 
though  he  possessed  an  ample  estate,  he  denied  himself  and 
family  necessary  food  and  clothing.  His  house  was  permitted 
to  tumble  into  ruins,  rather  than  anything  should  be  expended 
in  repairs,  and  his  children  for  the  same  reason  were  shame- 
fully neglected,  and  no  culture  aiForded  cither  to  their  l)odies 
or  their  minds.'  And  though  the  removal  which  you  mention 
was  probably  the  consequence  of  his  sordid  avarice,  yet  the 
above  crimes,  my  informants  declare,  were  exliil)ited  in  a  formal 
com[)laint  by  his  wardens  and  principal  parishioners.  Now 
with  regard  to  severity,  a  covetous  disposition,  tavern  hunting 
and  drunkenness,  I  am  willing  to  stand  the  strictest  scrutiny 
of  my  most  malicious  enemies.  As  to  your  observations  on 
dress,  cleanliness,  &c.,  it  must  be  mortifying  to  the  last  degree, 
and  deeply  wound  the  sensibility  of  a  feeling  and  generous 
mind  to  be  under  a  necessity  of  excul})ating  himself,  even  to 
his  dearest  friend,  or  of  touching  upon  so  delicate  a  subject. 
Every  one  of  our  acquaintance  will  acknowledge  that  in  dress 


^ 


» 


ii 


m 


206 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1785. 


lit 


111  ni'  I 


Ill 


1' ' 


;f.". 


lu 


■fif 


1 

■ ;  ■ 

mi' 

1 

\:  -'l : 

ii:.  A 

if'^ 

1 

|s . 

'.  1 

1 

iH^ 

:  ^:  1 

il 

; 

1' 

j|l 

.:-■  i 

i: 

i 

ii 

ii  - 

1 

■ 

11. 

M 

and  hospitality  wo  exceed  our  circumstances.  Our  neicc  and 
children  make  as  good  an  apjioarance  as  any  of  their  age,  and 
my  wife  would  be  ofl'ended  if  represented  deficient  in  point  of 
neatness  and  elegance. 

"  As  to  myself,  though  always  obliged  to  olliciate  twice  and 
often  three  times  a  week,  besides  distant  excursions,  yet  I  never 
appenr  without  shaving  and  clean  linen.  And  even  when  I 
am  going  to  cateehisi;  the  children  I  seldom  or  never  omit  to 
wear  my  habit,  two  or  three  changes  of  which  I  have  in  good 
condition,  fitted  for  the  ditl'erent  seasons.  It  is  true  that  when 
I  perform  at  Granville,  the  skirts  of  my  garments  are  frequently 
tinged  with  the  ooze  of  Toowaubscot,  and  my  shoes  disobliged 
by  the  mud,  but  my  face  and  hands  generally  escape  the 
contagion.  Perhii|)s  you  ma^  in(iuire:  '  Why  do  you  dress 
before  you  arrive  at  Granville?'  Because  no  family  within 
miles  of  the  church  have  invited  me  to  the  freedom  of  their 
house,  and  my  friend  Bass,  who  lives  nearly  opposite,  gives 
me  a  most  hearty  welcome.  I  will  mention  another  circum- 
stance. Besides  shaving  myself  two  or  three  times  a  week,  I 
])ay  a  barber  one  shilling  a  week  for  keeping  my  head  in 
proper  repair.  I  intreat  you  not  to  mistake  me.  I  acknowl- 
edge with  gratitude  your  kindness  and  friendship  in  giving  me 
these  hints. 

"  I  must  remark  upon  what  you  mention  respecting  Granville, 
that  I  have  received  very  ill  treatment  from  many  of  its 
inhabitants.  It  was  never  probable  that  I  should  please  some 
of  their  leading  men,  who  admired  Fisher,  a  professed  Socinian 
and  Republican.  However,  my  services,  though  I  officiate  but 
one  Sunday  in  a  month,  are  much  harder  than  at  Annapolis. 
I  am  frequently  called  upon  to  attend  funerals,  lectures  and 
christenings,  and  yet  have  never  received  anything  from  that 
people,  (one  person  excepted,)  by  way  of  subscription,  contri- 
bution, or  presents.  I  am  obliged  to  find  my  own  horse, 
attendants  and  ferriage.  One  man,  however,  has  lately  offered 
me  the  use  of  his  horse.  But  not  contented  with  this,  a 
number  both  of  the  old  and  new  inhabitants  assembled  in 
town  meeting,  and,  directly  contrary  to  the  standing  laws  of 
this  Province,  voted  to  take  away  from  me  the  glebe,  v/hich  I 


1785.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


207 


had  rented  for  frrty  sliiUing.s  sterling  per  aiiimin,  though  it  had 
been  in  the  possession  of  the  Soeiety's  Missionary  for  twenty 
years.  Their  pretence  is  that  I  am  minister  only  for  Ainiapo- 
lis,  and  they  have  proceeded  to  rent  it  out  for  five  years.  1 
am  st!i.sihle  that  this  violent  and  illegal  measure  has  not  the 
approbation  of  the  major  part,  among  eitiier  Church  |)eople  or 
Dissenters.  Two  justices  of  each  profi'ssion  are  warm  in  my 
favour.  We  have  received  directions  from  my  worthy  friend 
Col.  Burbidge,  of  Cornwallis,  a  member  of  the  8o(;iety,  to 
bring  it  before  the  Supreme  Court,  and  our  wardens  are  deter- 
mined to  support  my  claim.  It  is  impossi!)le  for  a  place  to 
be  more  divided  in  religious  sentiment  than  (:«ranville.  I 
suppose  that  there  may  be  about  four  hundred  families  now, 
near  half  of  which  reckon  themselves  to  be  members  of  the 
Church  of  England,  though  subdivided  into  Deists,  Socinians, 
^Methodists  and  Whitefieldites.  The  remainder  are  liUtheraiis, 
Calvinists,  Presbyterians,  Seceders,  Congregationalists,  Ana- 
baptists, (.Quakers,  Everything-arians,  Mystics  and  ^^c.w  Lights. 
A  number  of  illiterate  and  drunken  teachers  are  daily  following 
each  other  in  rapid  succc^ssion,  like  waves  of  the  Atlantic;,  the 
last  of  which  always  eclipses  the  glory  of  his  ])redecessors. 

"I  am  at  this  moment  informed  thatti  principal  gentlenuin  at 
Digby  is  assured  by  letters  froni  London  that  the  Society  are 
determined  to  establish  a  Mission  there,  but  that  no  suitable 
person  has  yet  oll'ered.  I  hearti'y  wish  that  our  friend  Bass, 
might  be  admitted,  since  I  aiu  persuaded  he  w'ould  accept 
it  with  the  utmost  cheerfulness  and  gratitude." 

In  his  report  to  the  Society  sent  in  the  spring  of  this  year, 
Mr.  Bailey  says  he  had  "oiiiciated  twicer  every  Sunday  since 
his  last,  and  continued  to  perform  Divine  Service,  and  catechise 
the  children  on  Wednesdays,  without  a  single  exception.'*  » 
*  "  Baptisms,  since  October,  forty;  that  is,  thirty-seven  in- 
fants and  three  adults — one  negro  man;  a  gentleman  of 
distinction  near  sixty  years  of  age;  and  the  father  of  several 
children.  I  cannot  be  exact  as  to  the  number  of  communicants 
since  the  inhabitants  are  yet  unsettled,  two  persons,  however,  of 
advanced   age  were  admitted  at  Easter."     He  refers  to  the 


: 


11 


!\i 


J 


'e  - 


208 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1785. 


iira  ,,(;i  K, 


statement  that  he  had  rented  glebe  lands  to  the  amount  of 
X800  per  annum.  This  statement  had  first  been  communi- 
cated to  Mr.  Bailey  in  the  letter  of  Br.  Peters  which  has  been 
quoted.  He  now  says  that  Bishop  Seabury  when  at  Annapolis 
informed  him  that  he  had  heard  a  like  report.  Mr.  Bailey  gives 
the  real  facts  in  the  case  in  nearly  the  same  language  in  which 
he  had  stated  them  in  his  letter  to  Dr.  Peters.  The  diversion 
of  the  glebe  lands  in  Cornwaliis  to  the  use  of-  the  poor,  and 
Mr.  Bailey's  action  in  consequence,  are  mentioned  as  in  the 
letter  named.  He  also  says  that  "  illiterate  preachers,  who  style 
themselves  Presbyters  of  the  American  Church,  have  been  for 
several  months  past  travelling  through  the  country,  preaching, 
administering  the  sacraments,  and  marrying  persons  they  have 
seduced.  Their  success  is  the  greater  because  they  profess  to 
adhere  to  the  liturgy  and  usages  of  the  Church  of  England." 
Mr.  Bailey's  report  to  the  Society  in  the  autumn  of  this 
year  is  as  follows : — 

"  Annapolis  Roval,  Oct.  28,  1785. 
"  To  the  Rev.  Dr.  Morice.,  Secretary  to  the  Society, 
"  Hatton  Garden,  London,  Great  Britain. 

"  Rkvkrknd  Sir:^ — Permit  me  to  address  the  Venerable 
Society  with  the  following  information. 

"  The  inhabitants  of  this  county,  consisting  of  various  nations 
and  characters,  are  more  settled  than  at  their  iirst  arrival.  A 
spirit  of  industry  prevails  among  the  emigrants,  and  finding 
that  winter  wheat  succeeds  beyond  expectation  upon  new 
lands,  they  are  maiiing  rapid  improvements,  and,  of  course, 
that  dissipation  and  vicious  excess  which  was  contracted 
during  the  rage  of  civil  discord,  will,  it  is  hoped,  quickly 
expire.  Their  attention  to  religion,  order,  and  the  education 
of  children  increases,  and  the  happy  etfects  of  instruction 
appear  where  regular  schools  are  supported,  especially  at 
Annapolis,  where  constant  attendance  is  given  for  their  im- 
provement. And  I  cannot  do  justice  to  Mr.  McNamarra, 
without  affirming  that  there  is  not  a  better  regulated  school  in 
America  than  his. 

"  Our  church  still  remains  unfinished,  as  the  ancient  inhabi- 


ll!  J      .tl! 


1785.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


209 


tants  and  tlio  new  settlers  cannot  yet  agree,  though  there  is 
some  prospect  that  their  disputes  may  have  a  favourable 
termination. 

"  The  V'estry  have  lately  given  me  twenty  eords  of  wood, 
tlie  (irst  donation,  either  public  or  private,  I  have  received  from 
the  people,  and  for  this  indulgence  I  am  chielly  obliged  to  the 
late  comers.  The  old  inhabitants  in  general  are  very  unwilling 
to  contribute  towards  the  support  of  a  minister,  notwithstand- 
ing, it  must  be  confessed  that  their  ability  is  greater,  since 
they  have  enriched  themselves  by  selling  their  produce,  by 
no  means  at  a  moderate  price,  to  these  unfortunate  adven- 
turers. 

"My  Notitia  is  as  follows,  since  the  beginning  of  May:  three 
new  communicants;  baptisms,  fifty-one;  burials,  exclusive  of 
the  garrison,  two;  marriages,  since  June,  only  one,  since  roving 
preachers  of  various  denominations  have  taken  the  liberty  to 
perform  this  important  rite  without  license  or  publication. 
And  though  prohibited  by  an  express  law  of  the  Province, 
under  a  i)enalty  of  fifty  pounds  for  (!very  offence,  yet  they 
pretend  that  the  Governor  has  given  them  permission.  As  I 
have  the  fullest  evidence  that  a  Mr.  Renkin,  whom  I  never  saw 
but  once,  has,  without  any  visible  inducement,  misre])resented 
my  atl'airs  to  the  Society,  I  would  humbly  request  their  atten- 
tion to  a  concise  representation  of  my  circumstances.  I  came 
to  this  Province  with  a  family,  destitute  of  money,  clothing 
and  J'urniture.  I  had  then  to  draw  upon  the  Society  for  two 
hundred  ])ounds  sterling,  near  half  of  which  I  had  the  misfor- 
tune to  lose  by  the  failure  of  a  merchant  in  whose  hands  it 
was  deposited.  At  Cornwallis,  it  being  a  country  town  and 
the  peo[)le  generous,  I  was  able  to  live  without  exceeding  my 
income.  But  when  I  arrived  at  Annapolis  I  found  it  impos- 
sible to  support  my  character  with  so  little  expense. 

"Dr.  Wood  had  lived  in  alllueiice  and  splendour,  and  it  was 
expix'tcd  that  I  should  make  tiie  same  appearance  upon  the  fifth 
part  of  his  emoluments,  the  extravagant  prices  of  necessaries 
considered.  About  three  months  after  my  settlement  here  the 
emigration  of  thousands  in  distress  commenced,  which  neces- 
sarily raised  in  proportion  every  article  of  subsistence,  except 
27 


I 


•?    t 


It  ('. 

r1 

f    '  I 


if 


M 


m 


I 

,5i 


ll: 

: 

■!■' 

5; 

(" 

I'd 

ill 

■i' 

-  i 
!  , 

IIP 

,1! 

^  ^  111 

1 

Iv^^ 

210 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1786. 


pork  and  flour.  The  assistance  which  these  sufTerer.s  demaiid- 
ed  from  the  humane  by  no  means  tended  to  increase  my  per- 
quisites. 

"There  is  no  parsonage  house  in  the  Mission,  and  I  am 
obliged  to  pay  thirty  pounds  rent  for  my  present  habitati  n 
and  garden,  wiiieh  with  fuel,  horse-keeping  and  a  servant,  leave 
a  very  scanty  subsistence  for  my  family.  I  have  always 
indulged  expectations  of  receiving  some  emoluments  from  the 
garrison.  But  after  having  performed  the  duty  with  punctu- 
ality for  more  than  three  years,  I  have  reaped  no  advantage, 
and  the  gentleman  at  Halifax,  who  enjoys  the  profit,  has  never 
once  olliciated  here,  nor  even  condescended  to  thank  me  for  my 
assistance,  and  he  even  pretends  that  the  glebe  at  Annapolis 
belongs  to  him  as  Chaplain." 

In  his  semi-annual  report  to  the  Society  in  INIay,  1786,  Mr. 
Bailey  gives  the  following  statistics  of  his  Mission: — 

"  Baptisms  in  the  last  half  year:  o2  infants,  8  adults,  (of 
which  four  were  black  persons,) — 40.  Burials  four,  two  whites 
and  two  blacks.     Three  new  communicants." 

The  aftliir  of  glebe  lands,  belonging  to  the  Mission,  is  again 
treated  at  considerable  length. 

In  a  letter  to  Rev.  S.  Peters,  Mr.  Bailey  speaks  of  the  attem 
of  some  persons  in  the  town  of  Granville  to  divert  the  glebe 
lands  there  to  the  support  of  the  poor.  He  now  repeats  his 
account  of  that  transaction  and  says :  "  But  a  man  of  resolution 
appearing,  I  gave  him  a  lease  at  three  pounds  currency  per 
annum,  and  the  town  of  Granville  unanimously  refusing  to 
support  the  said  committee,  I  have  acquired  possession  without 
the  expense  of  a  law-suit."  *  *  "Upon  the  whole,  the 
present  income  of  the  glebes  is  as  follows : — 


Granville, 
Annapolis 
Queen  Anne 


Ciiri'oiicv. 

£300 
10  0  0 
20    6    0 

£33    6    0 


sterling. 

£2U    0 

9    0    0 

18    4    6 

.£29  18    6 


'  . 


1786.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


211 


"Permit  me  once  more  to  repeat  that  it  still  remains  unde- 
cided whether  Green  Anne's  glebe  belongs  to  the  Missionary, 
or  the  Deputy  Chaplain  of  the  garrison,  since  Dr.  Wood,  and 
others,  served  in  both  of  these  capacities.  The  records  of  An- 
napolis, if  any  were  kept,  with  the  plate  and  furniture  given  to 
the  Church  by  Queen  Anno  were  removed  to  Halifax  by  order 
of  Governor  Lawrence.  *  *  All  that  can  be  obtained  with 
regard  to  this  matter  is,  from  autlientio  tradition,  that  this  land 
belonged,  before  the  conquest,  to  the  Romish  priest,  and  ihat 
Queen  Anne  assigned  it  to  the  Protestant  minister  of  the 
English  Church.  *  *  *  *  I  must  submit  to  the  pleasure 
of  the  Society,  but  if  they  should  speedily  l(>ssen  my  salary, 
it  will  greatly  distress  one  who  has  for  twenty-six  years  faith- 
fully served  them.  His  Majesty,  and  the  Church,  in  situations 
peculiarly  diilicult  and  often  extremely  dangerous.  And  allow 
me  to  observe  that  the  other  Missionaries  whose  salaries  are 
curtailed  are  all  Chaplains  on  half  pay,  and  that  their  situa- 
tions are  less  expensive  than  mine;  for  the  garrison, the  Courts 
of  Justice,  and  the  Packets  between  the  two  Provinces,  are  all 
circumstances  which  not  only  render  the  entertainment  of 
company  unavoidable,  but  in  so  small  a  town  as  Annapolis, 
raise  the  price  of  provisions." 

Mr.  Bailey  had  received  a  suggestion  from  a  friend  in  London 
that  his  stipend  from  the  Society  was  to  be  reduced.  This 
occasioned  the  observations  in  the  concluding  paragraph  of 
the  above  letter. 

The  next  communication  from  the  Secretary  confirmed  his 
fears.  From  its  date  it  could  not  have  been  received  when  Mr. 
Bailey  transmitted  the  above  quoted  half-yearly  report. 

Dr.  Morice  says,  in  his  letter:  "The  Society  have  lowered 
your  salary  ten  pounds  a  year,  to  bring  it  more  upon  a  level 
with  the  salaries  of  their  other  Missionaries,  agreeably  to  the 
plan  which  they  adopted  last  year,  and  of  which  I  gave  you 
some  intimation  in  my  last  letter.  To  a  person  so  well 
esteemed  by  the  Society,  it  is  hardly  necessary  to  assure  you, 
that  it  is  not  from  any  disapprobation  of  your  services  and 
conduct,  which,  they  wish  were  as  well  regarded  and  rewarded 
by  your  own  people.     This  diminution  of  the  Society's  bounty 


S5 


II 


J  Ii  I 


14' ' 

Ik 


i!  I 
t. 


'i 


i 


'J; 


If- 


212 


FRONTIER     :M  I  S  S  I O  N  A  R  Y  ;     OR, 


[1787. 


ought  to  be  ail  incitement  to  yonr  congregation  to  do  more 
for  you,  and,  indeed,  to  fulfil  those  obligations  to  which  they 
are  bound  in  common  with  other  Missions. 

"  Mr.  Viets,  of  Simsbury,  is  appointed  to  Digby,  and,  if  he 
is  not  yet  arrived,  I  would  recommend  him  to  your  notice  and 
assistance.'' 

In  Mr.  Bailey's  letter  to  the  Society,  dated  Nov.  0,  l/SB, 
occurs  the  following  passage :  "  I  have  given  constant  attention 
to  the  duties  of  my  Mission,  amidst  many  diilicnlties  and 
discouragements.  I  am  happy,  however,  in  having  so  indus- 
trious and  good  a  neighbour,  as  the  Rev.  Mr.  Viets.  lie  is 
very  acceptable  to  the  people  at  Digby  and  the  adjacent  set- 
+V'ments.  Since  the  tenth  of  May  I  have  baptized  fifty-six 
|.eiSons,  four  of  whom  are  adults.  Burials,  only  four,  and 
for  three  years  past  the  proportion  of  the  former  to  the  latter 
'  ns  I  i:  nearly  as  twelve  to  one.  *  *  *  Although  I  sub- 
mit wirhoiit  repining  to  the  decisions  of  the  Society,  the 
reduction  of  my  salary  has  greatly  embarrassed  me,  especially 
as  I  could  not,  with  the  utmost  prudence  and  economy,  avoid 
being  somewhat  involved  in  my  circumstances,  before  that 
event  took  place." 


]<;ir   ^U: 


"  Annapolis  Royal,  Jan.  2^,  1787. 

«  To  Mr.   T n . 

"*  *  I  presume  that  you  cannot  be  ofll'ended  at  my  applica- 
tion by .  If  you  fully  understood  my  necessities,  I  am  con- 
fident you  would,  if  possible,  afford  me  some  assistance.  Could 
I  have  su|)ported  my  family  without  running  deeply  into  debt, 
I  would  never  have  troubled  you  with  any  solicitation.  But 
what  can  I  do,  unjustly  deprived  of  the  Chaplainship,  and 
curtailed  in  my  salary,  with  an  helpless  family,  in  a  very  expen- 
sive situation?  Indeed  it  is  with  the  utmost  difficulty  we  are 
able  to  procure  the  bare  necessaries  of  life.  We  are  obliged  to 
sutler  almost  the  same  excess  of  poverty  as  at  Kennebeck, 
during  the  day  of  rebellion.  But  this  is  nothing  in  compari- 
son with  the  expectation  of  processes  and  imprisonment,  which 
cannot  be  avoided,  unless  I  can  make  payment  within  three 
months,  circumstances  which  you  are  sensible,  must  ruin  a 


m  I'c,..! 


1787.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


213 


clorgyman.  Two  things  I  must  prescMit  to  your  ivcollrction, 
that  half  of  my  salary,  wh'u^h  is  but  £110,  is  expended  for 
house  rent  and  fuel;  and  secondly,  that  what  remains  in  your 
hands  was  saved  by  selling  our  furniture,  Mrs.  Bailey's  clothes, 
and  by  starvation,  (rod  knows  my  heart,  that  I  caimot  endure 
to  distress  any  of  my  fellow  creatures,  especially  an  old  friend, 
for  that  reason  I  neither  expect  nor  desire  that  you  should 
discharge  the  whole  at  one  payment." 


"Annapolis  Roval,  May  10th,  1787. 
"  To  the  Rev.  Dr.  Mo  rice,  Secrctnri/,  i^'c.  tyc. 

"Rr;v.  Sir: — Permit  me  to  inform  the  Venerable  S()ciety, 
that  I  have  been  able  to  perform  the  duties  of  my  Mission 
since  my  last  with  some  degree  of  success;  that  people  arc 
more  constant  than  formerly  in  their  attendance  upon  Public 
Worship;  that  the  Dissenters  are  so  reconciled  to  the  C'hurch, 
that  they  fre([uently  invite  me  to  olfieiate  among  them,  and  to 
baptize  their  children;  that  there  is  no  Methodist  or  sectary 
teacher  in  the  county,  except  one  Ana-baptist  at  fourteen  miles 
distance;  that  the  inhabitants  of  Annapolis  town  have  cheer- 
fully subscribed  to  give  me  twenty  .Pounds  per  annum,  which 
is  as  much  as  they  are  able  at  present;  that  all  party  has  to 
appearance  subsided;  that  they  have  agreed  to  finish  the 
church,  and  have  raised  one  hundred  and  fifty  Pounds  for  that 
purpose  ;  and  that  as  no  person  or  i)arty  ajjpears  to  be  unfriend- 
ly, I  have  a  more  pleasing  prospect  of  doing  service  than  in 
any  Ibrraer  period.  As  many  people  have  removed  from  the 
several  towns  in  this  county  upon  their  farms,  Annapolis  at 
present  contains  only  forty  families,  including  negroes;  few  of 
them  are  in  allluent  circumstances,  and  many  are  very  poor, 
but  I  reckon  five  times  as  many  in  the  county  under  my  care, 
which  cannot  properly  be  discharged  without  much  expense 
and  fatigue. 

"Baptisms,  forty.  Deaths,  thirty;  three  or  four  of  wdiom 
died  of  age  and  sickness,  the  remainder  were  drowned,  or 
perished  by  the  severity  of  the  weather,  or  w'ant  of  proper 
food." 


ItIi 


\l  I 


iai. 


Mil 


i!" 


l)h 


vi!' 


i  :l  W^ 


^'  ii. 


214 


FRONTIER       :\I  I  S  S  I  O  N  A  R  Y 


;     OR, 


[1787. 


"  Anxapoms  Royal,  May  Utli,  17.S7. 
"  To  Dr.  S.  Peters,  Piitifiro,  London. 

"Dkau  Sir: — I  ain  at  tliis  moment  favoured  with  your  hitter 
of  February  last,  and  heartily  thanlc  you  for  that  ivind  atteii- 
tion  which  you  have  paid  to  Mr.  McNamarra.  I  should  never 
have  troubled  you  had  not  his  eonduet  recommended  him  to 
every  worthy  loyalist.  As  to  your  information  and  advice  I 
receive  it  with  gratitude.  I  have  ever  regarded  you  with  the 
warmest  sentiments  of  alleetion  and  esteem,  and,  I  flatter 
myself  that  kindness  must  have  dictated  you  to  address  me 
again  upon  so  disagreeable  a  sul)ject.  But  I  assure  you,  upon 
th(;  word  of  an  honest  uian,  that  1  never  go  abroad  without 
taking  particular  care  to  appear  in  character,  except  when  busy 
in  my  garden,  and  this  both  my  health  and  the  necessities  of 
my  family  require.  Indeed,  there  is  no  person  here  above  this 
employment.  But  I  find  that  you  have  no  idea  of  travelling 
in  a  new  country.  It  cannot  be  expected  that  a  Missionary 
on  duty  in  remote  corners  should  ajipear  as  sleek  and  hand- 
some as  a  L  rodon  deacon  fresh  from  a  barber's  shop. 

"  '  If  you  reflect  that  we  are  liable  to  be  called,  upon  a  sudden 
emergency,  in  all  weathers,  to  distant  excursions,  when;  our 
progress  must  be  continued,  partly  on  foot,  partly  on  horse- 
back, by  land  and  by  water,  through  deep  morasses,  muddy 
roads,  and  unbroken  forests,  you  cannot  wonder  that  we 
sometimes  exhibit  a  tragic-comic  appearance. 

"'Several  times  in  the  year  past  I  have  been  exposed  in  this 
manner,  amidst  violent  storms  of  rain,  mire  to  my  horse's  belly, 
wet  to  my  skin,  and  my  clothes  rent  in  climbing  over  wind- 
falls; and  in  this  pickle  to  perform  the  service  1  went  upon 
and  then  to  return  in  the  same  shattered  condition.  You  are 
sensible  that  should  a  clergyman  adjourn  a  sermon,  a  wedding, 
or  funeral,  or  a  christening,  or  the  visiting  of  a  sick  or  dying 
person  till  fine  weather,  as  other  gentlemen  may  do,  who  only 
travel  for  pleasure,  it  would  still  be  more  criminal.  I  will  give 
you  an  extract  from  my  Journal  to  the  present  purpose. 

" '  November  15th.  After  a  severe  frosty  night  we  set  forward, 
being  four  in  company,  for  a  wedding,  to  Clement's,  about 
fourteen  miles  below  Annapolis. 


i    '^Miii| 


1787.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


215 


'"In  the  second  mile  we  crossed  Allan's  River,  a  rapid,  rocky 
stream,  where  we  were  finely  bespattered.  Onr  progress  for 
several  mih's  lay  through  horrid  broken  roads,  so  encumbered 
with  roeks,  holes  and  gullies,  roots  of  trees,  and  windfalls,  and 
sloughs,  that  the  passage  was  extremely  dillieult  and  danger- 
ous. \V(!  were  frecjuenlly  oljliged  to  dismount  and  lead  our 
horses,  wallowing  knee-deep,  through  the  mire.  The  last  six 
miles  conducted  us  over  hanging  precipii-es,  woody  promon- 
tories, and  three  stony  beaches,  full  of  honey  pots.  We  crossed 
Moose  River  at  a  critical  moment,  as  the  tide  was  running  in 
with  ra|)idily.  A  little  before  sunset  we  arrived  at  INIr.  Jones's, 
a  log  house,  with  two  small  apartments,  where  I  united  in 
matrimony  Sheepy  Spur  and  Alieia  Van  \'oorhies,  the  bride 
very  jn-etty. 

"  '  The  house  being  crowded  with  people,  Capt.  Ditmarsh,  the 
bride's  grandfather,  invited  me  to  sleep  at  his  house.  A  little 
before  dark  we  set  forward,  and  having  walked  above  a  mile, 
we  came  to  a  river,  where,  after  wading  into  the  water  over 
our  knees,  we  were  under  the  necessity  of  returning  in  a  dis- 
mal, dark  and  cloudy  evening,  along  the  ragged  banks  of  a 
rocky  beach,  every  moment  in  danger  of  breaking  our  legs, 
and  of  having  our  eyes  scratched  out  against  the  branches  of 
trees  which  had  fallen  over  the  bank.  We  at  length  recovered 
the  house,  where  musick  and  dancing  continued  till  after  sun- 
rising.  x\bout  nine  we  began  to  return  towards  Annaj)olis, 
but  we  had  no  sooner  crossed  Moose  River,  than  a  cold,  disa- 
greeable storm  of  wind  and  rain  commenced,  which  quickly 
rendered  these  new  roads  intolerable.  Mrs.  Spur  was  thrown 
from  her  horse,  but  her  husband,  catching  her  in  his  arms, 
prevented  her  from  receiving  any  harm. 

"  '  She  was  however  so  wet  and  fatigued  that  we  were  obliged 
to  leave  her  behind.  By  twelve  we  were  com])lcatly  soaked  to 
our  skins,  and,  by  the  plunging  of  our  horses,  were  covered 
with  mud  from  the  soles  of  our  shoes  to  the  crown  of  our  hats. 
Before  dark  I  reached  my  habitation  in  woful  plight.' 

'•'•  jSIcmorandum.  Received  half  a  dollar  fee,  as  a  reward  for 
my  journey,  expense,  trouble,  wear  and  tear,  and  in  consequence 
of  this  soaking  I  was  alUicted  with  the  rheumatism  through 
the  winter,  though  I  never  omitted  duty. 


f  .  .■■ 


i      f: 


111 


M   i 


I;', 


'  S 


,,    ;- 


TT 


■  i 


ilIM 


1  i^ 


■r- 


U1- 


n-'} 


li 
1^ 


if 


210 


riioNTiER    missionary;    oil, 


[1787. 


"As  in  Aiiiiiipolis  lown,  upon  iiiy  arrival  it  coiifaiiicd  cii^'lit- 
(•(Mi  fiiiiiilit's,  at  pri'ricnt  Jbrty-livc,  only  four  or  livo  o!  wlii(!li, 
either  by  fortimc  or  odiicatioii,  liavo  any  pretensions  to  j)olite. 
ness,  and  these  are  all  very  friendly.  Ont^  lias  exerted  himself 
to|)r()('nr(;  subscriptions,  and  another,  ai  knowledqed  to  hn  the 
polite!<t  man  in  tin;  eonnty,  has  snbserilx'd  to  givi;  five  Pounds 
yearly.  The  other  families  are  ttivern  keepers,  disbanded 
sergeants,  Seoteh  pedlars,  mechanieks,  fiu'iners  and  negroes. 

"Some  are  transformed  into  sho|)keepers,  and  others  remain 
very  indigent.  There  is  not  a  building  ecpial  to  the  lunises  of 
middling  farmers  in  New  I'lngland.  It  is  from  a  regard  to 
truth,  and  not  from  any  disrespeet  that  I  transmit  this  account, 
for  I  am  treated  civilly  by  all.  I  have  not,  to  my  knowledge, 
an  enemy  among  them,  and  they  have  readily  subscribed  to 
give  me  twenty  Pounds  yyry  (inninn,  which  is  as  much  as  they 
are  able.  It  is  payable  in  May,  and  most  of  them  have  already 
discharged  the  first  year,  and  the  fear  of  my  being  removed 
was  their  |)rincipal  inducement  to  subscribe. 

"But  the  inhabitants  of  Annapolis  are  not  the  fifth  part  of 
my  parishioners,  as  will  snllieiently  appear  from  my  Notitia. 
They  are  chielly  husbandmen  and  labourers  with  miserable 
habitations.  Many  families  are  confined  to  a  single  apartment, 
built  with  sods,  where  men,  women,  children,  pigs,  fowls,  lleas, 
bugs,  inosquitos,  and  other  domestic  insects,  mingle  in  society. 
No  less  than  forty  of  these  huts  exist  within  a  mile  and  a  half 
of  Annapolis  town.  In  some  of  these  wretched  hovels,  the 
politest  clergyman  in  Europe,  w^as  he  a  Missionary,  would  be 
constrained  to  enter,  to  eat,  and  perhaps  to  sleep,  or  else  to 
neglect  his  duty.  Brother  Viets,  when  he  has  compleated  his 
first  year,  will  doubtless  be  able  to  confirm  the  truth  of  this 
narrative.  In  a  new  country  poverty  increases  for  the  first 
seven  years,  but  after  ten  the  inhabitants  begin  to  revive  by 
degrees.  This  I  have  learned  from  former  experience.  I 
resided  almost  twenty  years  at  Kennebeck.  The  people  were 
miserable  enough  for  several  years,  but  before  the  rebellion 
commenced  the  country  was  finely  unproved,  the  settlers  made 
a  decent  appearance,  and  Pownalborough  was  politer  than 
even  the  city  of  Annapolis,  and  my  congregation  there  rather 
exceeded  ray   present   in   useful   knowledge   and  splendour. 


m..kii 


1 


nil 


1787.] 


LIFE     ()  r     II  K  V  .     JACOB     It  A  11-  V.  V . 


217 


;1  It- 


Permit  mo  fiirllicr  \o  observe  that  Cisdxwn  aiid  every  other 
setth'iTUMit  hiive  the  advantiiiijo  of  Annapolis  in  people  of 
wealth,  {.'onsecpionce  and  politeness;  thtit  the  connections  [ 
have  formed  ainonjj;  the  inhabittmts,  the  attention  I  have  |)ai(l 
to  their  children,  and  my  readiness  to  ohlii^e  them  upon  all 
occasions,  cannot,  I  presume,  induce  them  to  wish  for  my 
removal;  that  I  ha\  •  been  regidarly  inducted  int(>  the  I'arish; 
that  nearly  one-halfof  the  town  are  my  tenants,  whose  interest 
would  be  ad'ected  by  a  chanifc;  that  I  hav(!  been  a  loni,'  time 
in  the  Society's  service  in  the  most  laborious  iuid  dillicult 
situations;  that  I  have  endured  many  losses  and  stillerini^'s  for 
my  steady  attachment  to  the  Church  and  (iovernmeni;  that 
my  age  and  constitution  will  not  admit  of  any  new  liarrass- 
nients;  that  I  have  a  large,  helpless  family,  who  dei)en(l  upon 
me  for  support;  that  though  1  am  ))retty  well  seasoned  to 
woods  and  bad  roads,  to  wet  weather  and  fresh  water  rivers, 
yet  I  cannot  endure  the  salt  water  without  cruel  sickness,  and 
was  I  removed  to  a  Mission  near  tlu;  sea  I  could  not  possil)l\ 
perform  the  duty;  that  I  have,  at  much  e.\pens(>  and  opposition. 
])rocured  a  grant  of  two  hundred  acres,  two  miles  from  Annap- 
olis, this  I  am  improving  and  consider  the  last  resource  of  my 
family;  that  at  a  certain  time  removals  and  the  forming  of 
new  acfpiaintances  arc  extremely  disagri'eable,  and  that  the 
very  id(.>a  of  such  migrations  is  sniiicient  lo  suppress  the 
industry  of  any  clergyman  advanced  in  life,  io  discourage 
every  generous  ellbrt,  and  eHectually  to  prevent  his  being  use- 
ful, since  he  must  be  acquainted  with  the  temper  and  circum- 
stances of  his  people,  before  he  can  do  much  service  among 
them. 

"I  fully  approv(»  of  your  rellections  ujion  the  revolution  Bish- 
ops, and  at  the  same  time  conclude  that  '■',  y  and  their  abettors 
have  as  great  a  regard  for  the  Alcoran  as  the  New  TestanienI, 
according  to  which  all  rebellions  are  damnable,  especially  when 
the  most  damnable  methods  are  pursued  to  support  them. 

"  I  admire  Mr.  Waggoner's  spirit.  Forty  Pounds  could  not 
furnish  him  with  an  hovel,  tire,  and  potatoes. 

"  Brother  \iv\s  went  to  Connecticut  for  his  family  before 
Christmas,  and   is  expected  every  moment  to  return,  as  are 
28 


K 


i   <"  nl 


'  Hi 


f 


11  hi 


218 


I'BOMTIEIl     .AFIS.SION  AllV  ;      OR, 


[17HT. 


I't' 


f 

F'  I 


-"'■  I. 


J^ 
d^;.; 


)  i 


fill  '^ 


Cliirke,  Scovil,  and  Andrews,  to  Nrw  liriinswick.  Wlicn  tlioy 
urrivc  it  is  probabk-  lliut  we  shall  uiiilo  in  giving  a  Irnt'  acconnt 
of  llic  conntry  and  our  situation,  and  to  aeciuaint  J)r.  Moricu 
that  if  he  expects  the  Missionaries  should  niak(!  a  decent  ap- 
pearance, th(!y  must  have  a  decent,  support.  And  though  I 
have  never  yet  ^vorn  a  pair  of  leather  t)reeches,  y»  Iiis  cur- 

tailing business  proceeds  much  fiuMlier,  wv  shall  be  obliged  to 
(loath  oin-selves,  likt;  the  ancient  worthies,  iu)l  indeed  with 
shee|)  skins  and  goat  skins,  but  with  the  hides  of  moose,  bears*, 
and  wildcats. 

"  The  following  particulars  arc  absolutely  necessary  for  a 
clergyman  in  Nova  Scotia: — 

"  1.  That  he  should  have  a  large,  decent  house,  well  furnished. 

":^.  That  he  should  entertain  all  g<'nteel  travellers  in  a  gen- 
teel maimer. 

"3.  That  he  should  feed  all  the  hungry  and  eloath  all  the 
naked  who  approach  him. 

"4.  That  he  should  reform  all  disorders  in  his  ish  witli- 
out  any  authority,  or  the  least  support  of  the  eivi  jistratc, 

or  encouragement  from  any  (piarter. 

"o.  That  himself  and  faiuily  should  be  elegantly  dressed, 
without  attempting  to  rival  people  of  fashion. 

"(i.  That  he  should  keep  servants,  horses,  carriages,  books, 
garden  seeds,  and  farming  utensils  in  the  best  order,  both  for 
his  own  and  every  body's  service. 

"  7.  He  must  never  be  weary,  lame,  or  sick. 

"8.  He  must  lly,  when  requested,  to  the  remotest  limits  of 
his  Mission,  amidst  raging  elements,  and  that  without  dirting, 
wrinkling,  or  wearing  his  garments. 

"■9.  That  he  suder  himself  to  be  cheated  in  every  Inirgain, 
for  wliich,  whether  he  be  silent  or  complains,  he  is  sure  to  be 
laughed  at. 

"  10.  That  it  is  criminal  either  to  be  prudent,  or  to  run  in 
debt. 

"As  to  a  Bishop,  I  can  only  sincerely  declare,  that  if  it  dc- 
jK-nded  upon  me.  Dr.  Peters  should  be  the  man,  and  I  believe 
so  say  all  the  brethren.  *  *  Permit  me  to  insert  a  circum- 
stance omitted — at  this  season  of  the  year  you  cannot  enter 


1787.]  LIFE     OF     IlKV.     J  A  ("OH     llAILKY. 


'ilO 


!\  mile  into  tli(!  woods  without   lieiiig  covennl  with  bhick  Hies 
and  ino.s(initort." 

The  introduction  ot'  the  snifdlpox  into  Annnpolis  lloyal  in 
the  sinnnicr  of  this  year  ciinsi'd  Mr,  l?iiilt'y  no  littU*  uncasini'ss. 
His  wife,  (h'cidin«i;  to  hr.  innoculiitrd,  was  h'ft  in  tlni  city,  whik' 
l\Ir.  IJaih'y  retired  into  a  distant  part  of  the  townsliip  with  tlio 
cliihh"(>n.  I^'roni  ihence  he  wrote  to  Rev.  Roger  A'iets,  the  So- 
ciety's iMissionary  at  Pigby.  lie  says:  "  Now,  Sir,  tlioiigh  I 
am  atti'nding  to  that  part  ofiuy  Mission,  which  I  have  perhap:^' 
too  much  negh'cted,  I  nni  sensii)k!  that  tin;  peo])Ie  in  town  are 
uneasy  to  he  so  long  withcmt  public  service,  and  would  be 
highly  pleased  with  a  visit  iVotn  you  to  olliciiit<'  among  them, 
and  to  baptize  a  numl)er  t)f  infants  born  during  my  absence. 
I  must  therefore  intreat  you  to  obligi^  them  and  m<^  with  your 
friendly  labours.  *  «  I  caimot  tliinU  that  this  forcing  a 
loathsome  and  dangerous  di-order  upon  our  neighbours  is 
agreeable  to  the  dictates  of  freedom,  religion,  or  humanity.  I 
am,  for  instance,  restrained  from  taking  it  from  a  principle  of 
conscience." 

In  17!S7  the  Rev.  Charles  Ingli>,  D.  T).,  who  had  been  Rector 
of  Trinity  Church,  New  York,  from  1777  to  178:3,  was  ap- 
pointed the  first  Bishop  of  all  the  British  North  American 
Colonies.  This  drew  from  Mr.  Bailey  a  letter  of  congratula- 
tion addressed  to  him,  and  dated  October  r^fith,  1787. 

The  usual  half-yearly  report  to  the  Society  P.  G.  is  as  fol- 
lows : — 


«  Anxapoms  Rovai-,  Nov.  12th,  1787. 
"  To  the  Rer.  Dr.  Mar  ice, 

Secretary  to  the  Societ/y,  London. 
"  Rr,v.  Siii:  —  Permit  me  to  inform  the  Venerable  Society, 
that  the  people  at  Annapolis  have  cheerfully  contributed  to- 
wards the  finishiniT  of  our  Church,  and  that  it  bei^ins  to  make 
a  decent  appearance.  But  as  there  was  a  necessity  of  repair- 
ing it  from  the  foundation,  I  have  Ix'cn  obliged  to  officiate  in 
the  Court  House  and  in  private  places  in  the  country,  by 
which  means  a  greater  number  of  all  denominations  have  been 


W 


ill 


i. 

1: 

t 


'■ill 


n-mrn     rr 


It  '.' 


J' 


i 


m 

J; 

f;;'r 

II  i 

Yi  ' 

Im 

i. 

220 


FRONTIER    MISSIONARY 


OR. 


[1788. 


able  to  attend  Divine  Service.  Since  my  letter  of  May  last, 
]ja])li.<nis  liav(«  amounted  to  sixty-one;  Marriages,  twenty 
cou})lc's  ;  Burials,  only  live.  As  lliis  exceeds,  in  proportion,  any 
former  Notitia  from  this  |)laee,  it  is  an  argument  that  the  coun- 
try (lourishi's,  notwithstanding  several  families  have  emigrated 
to  the  States.  But  as  they  were  chietly  indolent  j^eople,  of  a 
restless  and  roving  disposition,  or  notorious  for  their  criminal 
conduct,  iheir  absence  can  hardly  be  j)erceived  in  any  religious 
assembly,  and  their  recess  may  be  regarded  as  a  fortunate 
event  to  a  rising  country.  A  tenaiit  on  the  glebe  having 
repeatedly  refused  either  to  take  a  lease,  or  to  pay  any  acknowl- 
edgment, I  found  it  necessary,  at  the  instance  of  the  Attorney- 
(ir'ner:d,  to  bring  a  writ  of  ejectment.  I  have  long  since  dis- 
persed all  the  Catechisms  and  Prayer  Books  transmitted  by 
the  Society,  and  as  they  are  greatly  wanted  among  the  people, 
permit  me  to  solicit  a  supply." 

The  statistics  of  the  Mission  are  not  given  in  the  half-yearly 
rejiort  to  the  Society  in  May.  That  letter  is  occupied  mainly 
in  a  statement  of  trouble;  and  expense  to  which  Mr.  Bailey  had 
been  ])ut  in  defending  the  glebe.  In  his  letter  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Society,  in  November  of  this  year,  he  informs  him  that 
he  had  "been  successful  in  three  several  actions,  which,  it 
is  imagined,  will  snlliciently  prevent  any  further  litigation. 
Though  T  have"  [he  continues]  "the  countenance  of  my  prin- 
cipal parishioners,  yet  1  am  constrained  to  bear  all  the  expense, 
except  the  assistaiice  I  received  from  one  generous  attorney, 
and,  as  I  am  indebted  to  a  wealthy  man,  who  stimvilated  the 
tenant.-^  to  this  coniest,  I  am  now  exposed  to  his  disappointed 
malice. 


Baptisms,  since  May  last, 
Burials,  « 

Confirmed,        " 


53 

4 

25 


1111^; 


i 


"  Near  an  hundred  would  have  oflered  themselves,  had  it 
not  been  for  the  following  unfortunate  circumstance:  the 
Bishop,  on  his  return  from  New  Brunswick,  had  agreed  to 
give  me  timely  notice.     lie  arrived  at  Digby  on  Monday,  the 


1789.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


901 


25tli  of  August,  and  wrote  me  that  he  intended  to  hold  eon- 
firi'^ation  at  Annapolis  the  next  Sunday,  but  the  lelter  w;is 
not  delivered  till  a  fortnight  after.  On  Saturday,  about  nine 
in  the  evening,  he  unexpeetedly  arrived  at  Annapolis.  I  was 
then  gone  to  ofFieiate  at  Granville.  I  reeeived  a  message  the 
next  morning  to  return  immediately.  It  was  now  eight  o'cloek 
and  I  had  twelve  miles  to  ride,  so  that  it  was  almost  time  to 
begin  serviee  before  I  could  see  the  Bishop,  Init  as  he  had  ap- 
pointed the  days  for  eonlirmation  at  Wilniot,  Cornwaliis, 
Windsor,  (^:c.,  it  was  rc([uisite  that  it  should  now  be  adminis- 
tered at  Annapolis.  As  serviee  was  expected  at  (iranville,  it 
was  impossible  to  give  timely  information.  Thus  was  tiie 
Bishop  chagrined,  the  people  disapjiointed,  and  I  mortilied  by 
the  carelessness  of  the  man  to  whom  the  leiti'r  was  intrusted. 
I  had  taken  unwearied  pains  both  in  public  and  in  private  lo 
explain  the  nature,  and  to  urge  the  necessity  of  conlirmalion, 
as  all  the  people,  except  a  few  Euroj)eans,  were  wholly  unac- 
(juainted  with  this  institution." 

From  a  letter  from  Rev.  Sauuiel  Parker,  D.  D.,  Reel  or  of 
Trinity  Church,  Boston,  dated  in  the  autumn  of  this  year,  the 
following  is  extracted: — 

"  Young  Gardiner*  read  the  service  at  Pownalborough  last 
winter  and  spring,  but  then  went  to  New  York  and  was 
ordained  by  Bishop  Provost,  and  had  an  invitation  to  a  parish, 
near  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  which  he  accepted,  and 
has  been  there  ever  since.  I  believe  there  is  no  service  in  any 
Episcopal  Church  below  Falmouth,  where  a  INIr.  Oxnard  is  a 
reader." 


M 


b4 


■  "I 

1  m 


\ 


• 'M 


In  writing  to  Rev.  Edward  Bass,  at  Newburyport,  INIarch 
14th,  1789,  ]Mr.  Bailey  speaks  of  the  trouble  and  expense  to 
which  he  had  been  subjected  in  defending  the  glebe  lands. 
He  also  says:  "Pray  inform  my  kinsman  that  two  years  ago 
not  a  person  in  Annapolis  ventured  to  sing  in  public,  but  they 
have  now^  attained  to  great  perfection.     The  best  families  have 


ilii 


\H 


*  Kev.  J.  S.  J.  Gardiner  who  afterwards  succeeded  Dr.  Parker  us  Hector  of  Trinity 
Church,  Boston,  Mass. 


i 


l.-^.M 


fTTprTFr 


222 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1789. 


SJ' 


;':  'I  I 


joined  to  encourage  it,  and  we  have  for  more  than  a  year  per- 
formed Psahnody  in  all  its  parts. 

"  For  your  amusement  I  have  enclosed  the  hymns  we  sang 
last  Easter  and  New  Year's  Day,  for  the  people  here  expect 
that  I  should  compose  hymns,  as  well  as  sermons  for  the 
holidays,  and  through  the  instigation  of  some  friends  I  have 
attempted  to  court  the  iNIuscs  in  my  old  age,  upon  several 
subjects  by  way  of  satire,  as  the  character  of  your  demagogues, 
the  trimmer,  &c." 

"Annapolis  Ro    .l,  May  2-Jth,  17S9. 
"  To  the  Ficr.  Dr.  Marine, 

Secretary  lu  f/ie  Sociehj,  London. 

"Rev.  Sir: — I  would  beg  leave  to  inform  the  Venerable 
Society  that  St.  Luke's  Church  at  Annapolis  is  at  length  com- 
pleatly  finished,  in  consequence  of  which  my  congregation, 
exclusive  of  the  soldiers,  is  increased  to  twice  the  former 
number;  that  the  Dissenters  at  Granville  have  converted  their 
meeting-house  into  an  Episcopal  Church  of  England;  that  I 
have  received  an  application  from  the  people  of  Annapolis 
district,  and  officiate  in  their  meeting-house  one  Sunday  in 
six;  that  the  inhabitants  of  Clements  have  declared  for  the 
Church,  and  request  my  occasional  assistance,  till  they  shall 
be  happy  enough  to  obtain  a  minister.  I  cheerfully  comply 
with  these  various  requisitions,  but  find  that  these  distant 
excursions,  as  age  advances,  are  extremely  fatiguing.  And 
though  we  have  no  settled  society  in  this  county  to  oppose 
the  Church,  yet  a  succession  of  itinerant  preachers  from  the 
States  and  elsewhere,  create  great  confusion  among  the  lower 
people,  and  are  of  inconceivable  damage  to  a  new  coiuitry, by 
drawing  multitudes  almost  every  day  in  the  week,  at  this  busy 
season,  to  attend  to  their  desultory  and  absurd   vociferations. 

"These  preachers,  however,  agree  in  rejecting  the  literal 
sense  of  the  Holy  Scriptures,  and  the  Christian  Ordinances. 
Their  dependance  is  upon  certain  violent  emotions,  and  they 
discourage  industry,  charity,  and  every  social  virtue,  allirming 
that  the  most  abandoned  sinners  are  nearer  to  the  King- 
dom of  Heaven  than  people  of  a  sober,  honest  and  religious 


1789.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     RAILEY 


223 


deportment,  for  such,  they  allcdge,  are  in  danger  of  depending 
upon  their  own  righteousness. 
"  Sinct!  November  last : 

Baptisms,  39  infants  and  2  adults. 

4  new  Communicants. 

5  Burials. 

"  The  Bishop  in  INIarch  last  desired  me  to  transmit  him  an 
account  of  my  expense  in  defence  of  the  glebes,  with  proper 
vouchers.  I  immediately  complied  with  his  requisition,  but 
fear  my  letter  could  not  reach  Halifax  before  his  embarkation 
for  Quebec.  I  must  therefore  beg  permission  to  repeat  the 
substance  of  my  communications  to  the  ]}ishop.  Besides  all 
the  trouble,  excursions,  neglect  of  domestic  concerns  and  abuse, 
I  was  obliged  to  give  three  lawyers  three  guineas  each,  and 
have  been  severely  harrassed  by  another  law  suit,  commenced 
in  revenge. 

"It  is  true  I  have  not  only  been  successful  in  all  these  dis- 
putes, but  am  happy  enough  to  effect  a  perfect  reconciliation 
with  all  my  opponents.  Myself  and  family  have  severely  felt 
the  consequences  of  this  litigation." 


The  letters  of  Mr.  Bailey  for  six  years,  i.  c,  from  Atigust 
1789  to  August  179o,  are  missing,  and  but  very  few  of  the 
letters  of  his  correspondents  have  come  into  the  hands  of  the 
compiler  of  this  narrative. 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  communication  from 
Bishop  Inglis  to  Mr.  Bailey: — 

"Halifax,  Deckmukk  5,  1789. 
"  Rkvkiu^nd  Sir: — I  am  much  obliged  to  you  for  yoiu-  Notitia 
Pcu'ocliid/is,  inserted  in  your  letter  of  Nov.  17,  which  is  just 
come  to  hand.  It  gives  me  great  pleasure  to  find  that  youi 
Mission  nourishes,  and  especially  that  so  many  children  and 
youth  attend  to  be  catechised.  My  greatest  hope  of  reforma- 
tion arises  from  them,  and  therefore  I  am  peculiarly  anxious 
that  the  Clergy  should  be  diligent  in  instructing  the  risir  : 
generation." 


;   I,"; 


n 


jJR?l"-T 


V.l' 


B'    f 

1 


il  1''l 


if 


li't  i 


tfi 

0)4 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1794. 


From  the  printed  abstract  of  the  proceedings  of  tlic  Society 
P.  (r.  in  17^9,  it  seems  that  "in  the  course  of  the  year  Mr. 
liailey  had  baptized  01  infants,  and  4  adults;  married  12 
couple;  and  buried  0  persons."  It  is  a  circumstance  worthy 
of  record  in  the  Bioi^raphy  of  a  Clergyman  connected  with 
the  Church  in  Nova  Scotia,  that  Sunday  Schools  were  estal)- 
lisiied  in  that  Province  as  early  at  least  as  this  year.  This 
fact  rests  on  the  authority  of  a  printed  sermon  of  Rev.  Roger 
N'iets,  "preached  at  Digby,  in  Nova  Scolia,  April  19th,  17S9,'' 
in  which  he  says;  "]^ut  the  abuse  of  the  mornings,  noons,  and 
evenings  of  Lord's  days  is  in  part  obviated  by  the  late  excel- 
lent institution  of  Sunday  Schools,  for  the  establishment  and 
Hupjjort  of  which  we  are  very  much  indebted  to  the  piety  and 
assiduity  of  our  worthy  Prelate,  who  is  never  weary  in  well- 
doing." 

The  Rev.  Edward  Bass  wrote  to  INIr.  Bailey  from  Newbury- 
jjort,  April  •"),  1792.  He  says:  "Last  summer  we  had  a  high 
Sunday  here.  Bishop  Seabury  preached  in  our  Church  and 
contirmed  an  hundred  and  thirty  or  forty  persons.  Not  more 
than  half  the  people  who  came  to  chnrch  could  get  in." 

The  Abstract  of  the  Society  for  the  year  1793  contains  the 
following  reference  to  the  i)revious  year.  "Mr.  Bailey,  tlic 
Missionary  at  Annapolis,  besides  the  regular  performance  of 
duty,  continues  to  instruct  in  the  catechism  30  children  every 
Wednesday,  an<l  as  many  in  the  country  every  Friday,  during 
the  summer  season.  His  last  Notitia  was,  Baptisms  36,  Mar- 
riages 7,  Burials  2,  New  Communicants  2." 

On  the  20tli  January,  1791,  (iovernor  John  Wcntworth  noti- 
lied  ollicially  the  agents  of  the  garrison  at  Annapolis  that  he 
had  a})pointcd  Rev.  Jacob  Bailey  Deputy  Chaplain  of  that 
fortress,  the  appointment  to  commence  on  the  first  instant,  in 
the  place  of  Rev.  .loshua  Wingate  Weeks,  and  directed  said 
agents  to  account  with  Mr.  Bailey  for  the  subsistence  allowed 
by  government. 

By  this  order  justice  was  at  length  done  in  this  matter  to 
the  worthy  Rector  of  Atmapolis.  During  many  years  Mr. 
Bailey  had  at  times  actually  sulFered  from  the  want  of  the 
income  attached  to  the  ollice,  the  duti<!s  of  which  he  discharged, 


1794.] 


LIFE    OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


225 


while  others  received  the  emoluments.  He  tried  all  proper 
means  to  obtain  his  just  rights,  and  his  letters  and  those  of 
some  of  his  correspondents  abound  with  passages  on  this 
subject,  some  of  which  have  been  inserted  in  this  Memoir. 
Mr.  Bailey  says,  June  21st,  17S2:  "Dr.  Breynton,  on  my 
removal  to  Cornwallis,  otTered  to  resign  his  Deputy  Chaplain- 
ship  of  the  S4th  Regiment  in  my  favour."  This  arrangement, 
though  strongly  opposed  by  the  friends  of  Rev.  Mr.  Ellis,  was 
carried  into  eflect.  Mr.  Bailey  discharged  the  duties  of  the 
ollice  to  the  garrison  at  Cornwallis.  In  Decembi^r,  17M0,  he 
received  ilSO  as  part  of  his  salary.  Shortly  after,  "Dr.  Breyn- 
ton," says  Mr.  Bailey,  "seized  the  fuel  and  ordered  the  Quarter 
Master  not  to  allow  me  any  perquisites  except  subsistence, 
about  two-fifths  of  the  whole." 


"  After  my  appointment  to  Annapolis  I  received  no  letter 
from  Dr.  Breynton  till  the  latter  end  of  June,  when  he  an- 
nounced that  he  took  the  84th  Regi'-'nt  into  his  own  hands, 
on  the  24tli  of  the  previous  April,  tlius  depriving  me  of  the 
stipend  from  the  1st  January  previous." 

Deperi9ing  upon  the  enjoyment  of  this  income  until  he 
should  be  settled  in  his  new  Parish,  Mr.  Bailey  incurred  debts 
to  enable  him  to  make  a  respectable  appearance  on  his  removal 
to  Annapolis.  The  disappointment  of  course  compelled  him 
to  devise,  if  possible,  some  way  of  liquidating  these  debts. 

The  Chaplainship  of  the  garrison  at  Annapolis,  however, 
had  been  held  by  the  former  Rector,  ahd  was  considered  as  hi^ 
right.  This  was  simply  just,  because  this  clergyman  was 
called  upon  to  do  the  duties  of  his  ollice  in  the  fort. 

But  on  application,  by  one  of  the  i)riiK;ipal  men  in  the 
Province,  to  the  Governor  in  Mr.  Bail',  y's  behalf,  the  Governor 
replied,  "that  the  Rev.  Mr.  Weeks,  the  instant  he  knew  of  Mr. 
Bailey's  appointment  as  Missionary  at  Annapolis,  applied  to 
him  for  the  Chaplaincy  and  obtained  it."  Nor  were  applica- 
tions to  a  succeeding  Governor  more  successful,  for  Mr.  Bailey 
says:  "The  Governor  of  this  Province  has  been  three  times 
directed  by  the  Society  P.  G.  to  give  me  the  Ciiaplainship  of 
29 


iTW^i^irr 


Y 


226 


FRONTIER     missionary;     OR, 


[1794. 


r  I 


is 


the  garriaon  hero,"  but  without  cfFect,  "although  he  acknowl- 
edges ill  his  letter  to  mc  that  my  claim  is  indisputable." 

In  a  letter,  November  9,  17s'),  to  Mr.  Bailey,  Dr.  Mather 
Byles  says:  "Your  letters  of  August  31,  and  November 
2:2(1  arc  safe  in  my  hands.  That  to  the  Archbishop  I  have 
enclosed  in  one  of  my  own,  from  which  I  have  transcribed 
the  following  paragraph  for  your  inspection :  '  I  enclose 
a  letter  from  I\Ir.  Bailey,  the  Missionary  at  Annapolis,  who 
cannot  yet  obtain  the  deputation  to  that  garrison.  Mr. 
Weeks,  who  resides  at  Halifax,  still  enjoys  that  salary  which 
belongs  to  the  acting  Chaplain  of  Annapolis;  and  which,  as 
Mr,  Neyle,  the  commissioned  Chaplain,  is  settled  in  Eng- 
land, has  for  many  years  been  justly  esteemed  as  naturally 
and  inseparably  connected  with  that  Mission.  In  return  for 
this  exertion  of  Dr.  Breynton's  iulluence  with  the  (lovcrnor, 
Mr.  Weeks  has  long  olliciated  as  the  Doctor's  Curate,  without 
putting  him  to  the  smallest  expense,  and,  even  during  his 
absence  at  this  time,  receiving  no  other  reward,  unless  it  be 
the  precarious  surplice  fees  of  the  Parish.  So  that,  as  the 
matter  now  stands,  a  Curate  is  actually  supported  for  Dr. 
Breynton  by  money,  which  is  the  eciuitabh;  property  of  Mr. 
Bailey.  This,  Sir,  is  the  exact  fact,  fairly  stated,  and  such  a 
partial  arrangement  must  be  highly  displeasing  to  your  Grace. 
I  make  no  apology  for  afresh  recommending  Mr.  Bailey,  as  an 
oppressed  man,  to  your  powerful  protection.'  " 

Nearly  two  years  after  this  Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  Rev.  Dr. 
Peters  in  London:  "I  have  heretofore  informed  you  that  I 
served  almost  two  years  the  fifty-seventh  regiment  as  Deputy 
Chaplain,  without  receiving  the  least  advantage,  the  reason  of 
which  now  appears.  Mr.  Weeks,  not  contented  that  I  should 
perform  the  duty  of  Chaplain  to  the  garrison  for  nothing,  with 
the  Chaplainship  of  this  garrison  must  have  the  above  regi- 
ment likewise;  and  that  they  might  compel  me  to  perform  the 
duty  of  both,  they  procured  my  name  to  be  inserted  in  the 
military  returns." 

The  subject  of  our  Memoir  received  from  the  Society  £50 
sterling,  which  was  afterwards  reduced  to  .£40,  and  from  the 


1795.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


227 


Board  of  Trade  X70,  in  all  XI 10.  This  was  afterwards  somo- 
vvliat  increased  by  income  from  glebe  funds  and  a  subscription 
of  the  Parishioners  of  £20.  He  says  that  his  "))redecessor, 
when  articles  of  living  were  less  than  half  the  present  price, 
had  £320  sterling  per  annum."  At  that  time  the  duties  of 
Annapolis  Parish  must  have  been  much  less  laborious  than 
they  were  after  Mr.  Bailey  had  taken  the  charge. 

For  reasons  before  stated,  the  expenses  of  living  were  large. 
Perhaps,  however,  the  Missionary  there  might  have  succeeded 
in  making  the  annual  expenses  of  his  growing  family  fall 
within  his  scanty  income.  But  a  debt  of  oome  £50,  incurred 
at  the  time  of  his  removal  from  Cornwallis,  and  which  he 
intended  to  pay  from  the  salary  of  the  Deputy  Chaplainship 
of  the  84th  Regiment,  hung  over  him.  His  creditor  pressed 
him  for  payment;  he  threatened,  if  he  did  not  commence  a 
suit,  and  Mr.  Bailey  was  obliged  to  withdraw  £10,  at  intervals, 
from  his  inadecjuate  salary,  in  order  gradually  to  extinguish  it. 
His  letters  show  how  sorely  this  circumstance  distressed  him. 

At  length,  after  twelve  years  delay.  Governor  John  Went- 
worth,  who  was  his  classmate  in  college,  was  enabled,  by  an 
act  of  simple  justice,  to  do  him  an  essential  service  in  conferring 
upon  him  the  income  of  an  office  whose  duties  he  had  for  so 
long  a  time  discharged. 

The  following  is  part  of  Mr.  Bailey's  letter  to  the  Society : 
"Dec'r  15th,  1795.     Permit  me  to  present  the  Venerable  So- 
ciety with  my  Notitia  for  the  year  past,  as  I  am  uncertain 
whether  my  letter  of  June  last  has  been  safely  transmitted : — 
Baptisms,  thirty-eight;  Marriages,  six  couples; 
Burials  six;  New  Communicants,  eleven. 

#  *  *  #  «  We  have  been  able  for  several  months  past  to 
assemble  in  the  new  church  at  Clements.  It  is  a  very  neat 
and  decent  building,  iifty-two  feet  by  thirty-four,  with  a  gal- 
lery and  steeple.  It  is  but  justice  to  mention  the  very  liberal 
exertions  of  Capt.  Ditmarsh  and  Mr.  Palamus  towards  com- 
pleting this  church." 

Mr.  John  McNamarra,  who  had  been  brought  up  by  Mr. 
Bailey  from  a  boy,  and  had  attained  to  positions  of  usefulness 
and  respectability,  died  in  1798.    Bishop  Inglis,  in  a  letter  to  Mr. 


i    '      ! 

1 

1 

i  i' 

h  I 


i'     i 


^ll 


w 


','   'i    '~  'i 

;-    ■■■! 

.  f  ■'  ' 

v  :■     ■': 

228 


FRONTIER    missionary;     OR, 


[1808. 


Bailey,  notices  this  event:  "  I  very  sincerely  regret  the  death 
of  Mr.  McNarnarra,  who  was  a  very  worthy,  useful  man.  In 
him  the  community  has  sustained  a  considerable  loss." 

Mr.  Bailey  had  written  to  Bishop  Inglis,  giving  an  account  of 
the  disorderly  proceedings  of  certain  fanatics  in  and  near  An- 
napolis. The  Bishop  replied  at  some  length  in  a  letter  marked 
by  sound  Christian  counsel.  In  the  course  of  it  he  says :  "  The 
fanaticism  in  the  time  of  Charles  I.  was  one  principal  cause 
of  the  dissoluteness  that  prevailed  in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.; 
and  from  which  the  nation  has  not  yet  perfectly  recovered. 
•  *  In  the  year  1791  the  New  Lights  made  a  prodigious 
stir,  so  that  I  thought  it  my  duty  to  advert  to  them  in  the 
charge  that  I  delivered  at  my  Triennial  Visitation  that  year. 
If  you  have  that  charge,  you  can  see  in  it  my  sentiments  on 
those  points  where  they  appear  to  be  most  irregular  and  vul- 
nerable." 

The  Abstract  of  the  Society  for  1800  contains  no  report 
from  Mr.  Bailey,  but  speaks  at  length  of  "  an  enthusiastic  and 
dangerous  spirit  among  a  sect  in  the  Province  of  Nova  Scotia, 
calle<l  New  Lights.  *  *  They  have  been  more  particularly 
troublesome  in  the  parts  about  Annapolis,  Granville,  Wilmot, 
and  Aylesford." 

The  Abstract  for  the  next  year  states  that  "  Mr.  Bailey  had 
baptized  during  the  year,  45 ;  married,  3 ;  buried,  3.  Four  had 
been  added  to  the  Communion.  He  requests  some  prayer 
books  and  religious  tracts,  which  the  Society  have  sent  him." 

In  1806  it  is  stated  in  the  Abstract,  that  "  Mr.  Bailey,  the 
Missionary  at  Annapolis,  has  acquainted  the  Society,  that, 
notwithstanding  his  advanced  age,  he  has  been  able  to  per- 
form Divine  Service  every  Sunday,  besides  doing  duty  at  the 
Garrison,  and  occasionally  visiting  Clements.  His  Baptisms 
for  the  year  are  43 ;  Marriages,  7 ;  Burials,  7.  Communicants 
at  Annapolis  and  Clements,  76.  The  female  school,  conducted 
by  his  daughter,  consists  of  34  scholars,  13  of  whom  are  upon 
charity.     They  attend  catechising  on  Wednesdays." 

Mr.  Bailey  was  Rector  of  St.  Luke's  Parish,  Annapolis, 
about  twenty-five  years,  and  died  of  a  dropsy  July  26th,  1808, 


1808.] 


LIFE     OF     REV.     JACOB     BAILEY. 


229 


aged  seventy-six  years,  leaving  a  widow  and  tliree  sons  and 
tiiree  daughters.  He  retained  his  faculties,  both  of  body  and 
mind,  in  a  remarkable  degree,  to  the  last.* 

It  is  a  subject  of  regret  with  the  compiler  of  this  Memoir 
that  he  has  been  able  to  glean  but  a  very  few  facts  touching 
the  last  years  of  Mr.  Bailey's  life.  His  connection,  for  a  (juar- 
ter  of  a  century,  with  a  parish  having  the  relative  importance 
of  Annapolis,  must  no  doubt  have  given  him  a  good  degree  of 
influence  in  Ecclesiastical  matters  in  the  western  part  of  the 
Province  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  the  writer  has  reason  to  believe 
that  he  was  loved  and  respected  in  the  ])lacc  of  his  reside  ice. 
To  the  last,  however,  his  temporal  condition,  remained  unim- 
proved. He  never  was  in  possession  of  an  income  sudivuent 
to  maintain  himself  and  family.  Still,  he  was  remarkable  for 
the  benevolence  of  his  heart  and  the  liberality  of  his  hand. 
Though  oppressed  himself  by  want  and  debt,  his  hospitality 
never  ceased  to  flow,  and  by  this  kindness  of  nature  he  always 
retained  the  personal  regard  of  all  who  knew  him. 

To  conclude  the  account  of  his  family:— 

Mrs.  Baii,i;y  died  at  Annapolis  Royal,  March  22d,  1818, 
aged  seventy  years. 

CiiAUiiEs  Pkrcv,  the  oldest  son,  was  a  remarkably  handsome 
person  ;  and  when  the  late  Duke  of  Kent,  father  of  the  present 
C|ueen  of  England,  was  commander  of  the  forces  in  Nova 
Scotia,  he  came  on  a  visit  to  Annapolis,  and  observing  this 
lad,  among  a  number  of  others  assembled  to  bid  him  welcome, 
he  inquired  who  he  was.  This  prince  was  so  pleased  with 
his  person  and  address  that  he  prevailed  upon  his  father  to 
allow  him  to  take  him  under  his  own  care,  and  to  provide  for 
him.  Accordingly  he  first  placed  him  in  the  Military  Secre- 
tary's office,  and  subsequently  gave  hirn  a  commission  in  his 
own  regiment,  (the  1st  Royals,)  where  he  served  with  honor, 
till  the  breaking  out  of  the  American  war,  when  the  regiment 
was  ordered  to  Canada,  he  then  being  a  captain,  high  up  on 
the  list.  He  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Chippewa,  in  Upper 
Canada. 

Rebecca  Lavinia  died  at  Annapolis  Royal. 

*  Mr.  James  Whitman's  MS.  letter,  Not.  30th,  1847. 


In 


is    « 


i  „ 


7 


m\  m 


(J 


ft  ■  ii' 


Mi 


It 


I 


*     .1'        ^ 

'  1   ' 

1 

}  ij'i  ^ 

1 

It 


V  1 

w 

t 

1 

■■  \ 

ijlji 

■Ii 

i;i 

H 

II      H.        ' 

U^ 

uiLii-.  ^.4 

230 


FRONTIEll     MISSIONARY 


OR, 


[1808. 


ClIAULOTTH    MaKIA  16  stiU  livillff. 


Tiio.MAs  IIrxry  had  the  appointment  of  Barrack  Master 
and  Stall'  Adjutant  of  Militia,  which  ho  hold  till  his  death. 
lie  (lied  yonnf^,  leaving  a  widow  and  three  daughters. 

WiM.iAM  (iH.HKKT  was  a  lawycr,  and  did  a  great  business. 
He  also  died  young,  and  left  a  suiall  family. 

Em/ahk/i'm  Anna  married  Mr.  James  Whitman. 

INIr.  Bailey  was  below  the  middle  stature.  A  side  view  of 
his  countenance  is  furnished  in  the  prolile  likeness  prefixed  to 
this  Memoir,  being  the  only  portrait  of  him  now  in  existence. 
Although  his  youth  was  occupied  in  the  labors  of  a  farm,  and 
he  lived  beyond  the  "three  score  years  and  ttMi"  allotted  to 
man,  yet  we  iind  him  s|)ealving  frequently  in  his  writings  of 
his  slender  constitution.  His  love  of  learning  caused  him  to 
suruiount  many  obstacles  in  order  to  improve  his  mind,  and 
the  advantages  he  finally  enjoyed  were  without  doubt  well 
imjiroved.  He  strove  hard  to  acquire  knowledge,  and  wrote 
much,  and  especially  at  various  times  no  small  amount  of 
poetry.  Without  attributing  to  him  the  possession  of  genius, 
he  may  be  said  to  have  been  a  man  of  a  fair  degree  of  talent 
and  of  a  large  amount  of  various  information. 

The  abilities  which  the  subject  of  this  Memoir  possessed 
were  industriously  employed,  for  he  was  always  busy.  Many 
of  his  writings  have  been  lost,  but  enough  remain  to  show 
how  continually  his  early  practice  of  using  the  pen  was  fol- 
lowed throughout  his  life.  These  writings  are  of  a  very  mis- 
cellaneous character.  His  journals  and  letter  books  which 
now  exist  have  furnished  the  greater  part  of  the  materials  of 
the  foregoing  biography.  Beside  these  are  a  MS.  History  of 
New  England,  comprising  an  account  of  its  natural  produc- 
tions and  topography,  extending  to  some  two  hundred  pages; 
a  Description  of  the  present  Province  of  New  Brunswick,  with 
an  Account  of  the  Sufferings  of  the  American  Loyalists,  who 
were  transported  thither;  Dramatic  Sketches,  principally  of  a 
political  cast ;  and  two  or  three  MS.  School  Books.  Much 
of  his  poetry  has  been  preserved.  "  The  Farewell  to  Kenne- 
beck,"  with  the  exception  of  some  stanzas,  highly  charged  with 
politics,  has  been  given  in  Note  K.  In  the  opinion  of  the  pre- 
sent writer  this  production  has  considerable  merit.     But  he 


1808.] 


LIFE     or     UKV.     JACOl)     BAILEY. 


231 


1ms  not  been  able  to  find,  among  his  other  poetieul  elVorts,  any 
whieh  he  thinks  are  to  be  compared  with  this.  The  ancient 
maxim  that  "  a  poet  is  born  sncii,  wliih'  an  orator  can  be  made" 
by  industry,  contains  probably  more  truth  than  is  generally 
supposed,  and  a  propensity  for  versifying  has  doubtless  been 
often  mistaken  for  that  natural  poetical  gift  vouchsafed  to  but 
very  few  in  any  century. 

A  number  of  INIr.  JJaili'y's  sermons  have  been  carefully  ex- 
amined by  the  writer  of  this  volume.  From  various  causes 
many  of  these  MS.  are  imperfect  in  the  loss  of  some,  and  in 
a  few  instances  nearly  all  their  contents.  This  of  course  ren- 
ders it  the  more  diilicult  to  express  an  opinion  respecting  them. 
Uesides,  those  which  have  entirely  perished  might  have  been 
on  totally  dilferent  subjects  from  those  which  have  been  pre- 
served. Of  those  examined  many  are  of  an  historical  charac- 
ter, illustrating  either  some  j)articular  incidents,  or  the  lives  of 
persons  mentioned  in  the  Uil)le;  a  few  are  Thanksgiving  Ser- 
mons, on  various  occasions;  some  are  aimed  at  specified  vices; 
some  are  designed  to  enforce  the  Christian  virtues,  and  some 
are  devoted  to  the  instruction  furnished  by  events  in  the  Sa- 
viours life.  A  few  are  either  directly  based  on  some  of  the 
Fasts  and  Festivals  of  the  Church,  or  refer  to  them.  IJut,  as 
before  stated,  so  large  a  portion  of  many  of  them  is  lost,  that 
it  becomes  diilicult  to  judge  of  these  discourses  from  tlu!  frag- 
ments that  remain.  This,  however  is  evident,  that  they  do 
not  exceed  contemporaneous  sermons  in  close  application  of 
C.iospel  truth,  or  in  pungent  appeals  to  the  hearer. 

Whatever  may  be  assigned  as  the  cause,  it  is  very  certain 
that  the  eighteenth  century  witnessed  a  coldness  and  deadness 
in  religion  truly  lamentable.  This  characterized  all  bodies  of 
Christians,  nor  did  a  favorable  change  become  widely  estab- 
lished till  within  the  last  forty  years.  Now,  it  is  to  be  hoped, 
that  while  the  truths  of  natural  religion  are  enforced,  the  Gos- 
pel of  Christ  is  faithfully  preached  by  the  majority  of  ministers 
in  Protestant  countries. 

It  is  abundantly  apparent  that  Mr.  Bailey  entered  warmly 
into  politics.  Considering  his  situation  this  can  cause  no  sur- 
prise.   On  his  visit  to  England  for  Holy  Orders  he  saw,  among 


iN 


i  !i 


.k ,.  iiJ 


■'-^r 


■^T" 


,ilii 


;ii 


232 


F  U  O  N  T  I  K  II     M  I  S  S  I  ()  N  A  U  Y  ;    O  R . 


[1H08. 


otluT  tliiiif;.-*,  evidences  of  flu*  ^rrat  uuWtnry  and  imval  jiowor 
of  that  nation,  and  ihc  opportunities  he  liad  of  mrt'lin^  with 
the  di<,'nitari('H  of  tlin  estaMislied  ('linrcli,  and  other  circurn- 
8tanc<'H,  !itr«'n^thpni'd,  no  doubt,  th«;  h)yalty  which  all  Atucri- 
cans  felt  at  that  time,  lie  was  a  recipient  of  the  bounty  of  a 
C'hurch  of  England  Missionary  Society  to  an  extent  that  to 
liini  must  have  seemed  large.  That  Society,  pitying  the  des- 
titute condition  of  a  j)oor  and  ignorant  people  in  America,  en- 
tirely neglected  by  their  countrymen,  who  seemed  to  l)e  willing 
to  let  the  whole  Kennebec  valley  either  sink  into  inhdelity  or 
become  the  ))rey  of  Popish  Missionaries,  that  Society  could 
send  its  sympathy  and  aid  across  the  Atlantic,  and  the  subject 
of  this  Memoir  was  the  agent  for  carrying  out  its  benevolent 
designs.  The  people  of  his  charge  were  j)oor  and  their  learn- 
ing was  scanty.  They  were  also  a  very  heterogeneous  collec- 
tion. A  small  number  of  persons,  however,  consisting  mainly 
of  odicers  of  the  county  court  and  lawyers,  might  furnish  him 
■with  better  society.  But  while  some  of  these  were  estimal)le, 
others  were  far  otherwise.  The  latter  harrasscd  and  persecuted 
him,  and  exerted  themselves  to  destroy  the  Church,  of  which 
he  was  the  minister. 

The  ditl'erences  between  the  mother  country  and  America 
increased.  Yet  there  is  satisfactory  evidence  that  after  mat- 
ters had  proceeded  to  considerable  lengths,  some  of  the  most 
prominent  of  the  American  patriots  contemplated  only  a  re- 
dress of  grievances,  and  had  no  desire  or  serious  thought  of 
independence. 

It  is  very  easy  to  perceive  that  Mr.  Bailey,  who  had  wit- 
nessed the  wealth  and  vast  warlike  means  that  Great  Britain 
possessed,  and  therefore  knew  her  power,  must  Im'  nnfident 
that  the  parent  country  could  easily  conrp  '  revolted  colo- 
nies. The  Revolution,  therefore,  in  his  ^as  little  sh  >rt  of 
madness.  Nor  could  he  be  favorably  ii  ssed  with  tht  char- 
acter of  some  of  the  leaders  of  the  revolt  jii  his  region.  They 
were  men  of  but  little  learning  or  refinement,  .^ome  of  them 
disclaimed  all  religious  obligation.  Many  excesses  took  place 
in  these  eastern  regions,  and  if  arguments  failed  to  convert  a 
Tory,  the  tender  mercies  of  a  mob  would  not  be  effectual. 


rii:-'! 


I 


IT 


1808.] 


L  I  I'  E    O  V     R  K  V  .     J  A  ('  {)  n     H  A  I T-  K  V . 


233 


rv 


The  Missioiiiiry  saw  mid  felt  that  men  ralsnd  to  power  in  hi.s 
ncighhorliood,  under  the  new  order  of  thinf^s,  al)us<'d  tlial 
power  to  gratify  old  personal  grudgeH.  llet;eiving  his  main 
support  from  a  Chnreh  Society  in  England,  doubt  les.s  he  feared 
that  should  the  Revolution  be  sueeesHful,  that  support  would 
b(!  eut  of]",  —  Im;  would  be  obliged  to  abandon  his  charge,  the 
labor  and  anxiety  of  so  many  years  would  be  entirely  lost,  and 
the  Church,  of  which  h(!  was  minister,  become  extinct. 

When  we  contrast  the  treatment  received  by  the  Tories  in 
Boston,  and  other  larg(!  places,  with  the  persecutions  which 
the  friends  of  (Jreat  Britain  underwent  in  the  eastern  parts  of 
the  Province,  we  cannot  fail  to  see  that  the  odiclals  of  the 
latter  region  grossly  abused  tlieir  power,  and  made  personal 
hatred,  rather  than  the  recpxirements  of  public  safety,  tlu;  meas- 
ure of  tiieir  severity.  It  was  desirable,  no  doubt,  that  all 
parts  of  the  country  should  be  united  in  opposition  to  the 
measures  of  Great  Britain,  and  men  were  to  be  drafted  from 
every  town  in  the  Province  to  iiU  up  the  Continental  army. 
Aside  from  this,  it  coidd  be  of  litth;  practical  importance 
whether  the  county  of  Lincoln  was  loyal  or  rebellions.  A 
vast  wilderness  intervened  between  it  and  any  of  the  loyal 
Colonies.  Nor  could  it  in  any  way  be  a  barrier  to  attacks 
from  the  English  from  those  (luarters.  British  troops  occujjied 
Castine  more  than  four  years,  till  the  end  of  1783.  There 
was  nothing  to  prevent  the  enemy  from  taking  possession  of 
Kennebec  if  he  were  so  disposed.  An  apology  for  a  fort 
near  the  mouth  of  the  river,  armed  with  one  cannon,  which 
had  been  an  alarm  gun  at  Fort  Frankfort,*  was  the  only  hinder- 
ance  to  a  British  fleet  that  might  see  fit  to  sail  to  its  head  of 
navigation. 

The  gratification  of  personal  animosity,  then,  on  the  part  of 
some  of  the  Whig  leaders  in  Lincoln  County,  rather  than  an 
enlightened  and  honest  love  of  liberty,  appears  to  have  excited 
them  to  measures  which  would  not  have  been  tolerated  in  the 
more  populous  parts  of  the  same  Province.     This  could  not 


*Mr.  Bailey  says  that  this  fort  was  "a  wooden  block  house,  with  one  gun,  a  four 
pounder." 

30 


<    i  • 


i 


■f: 


5* 


J, 

il  1- 

ilN 


\i  i!'- 


234 


FRONTIER    MISSIONARY. 


[1808. 


but  be  known  and  felt  by  Mr.  Bailey  and  his  political  friends. 
And  making  all  due  allowance  for  the  weakness  of  human 
nature,  knowing  how  prone  it  is  to  resent  injustice  and  op- 
pression, we  think  that  the  facts  before  stated,  while  they  do 
not  prove  to  be  a  sufficient  vindication  of  Mr.  Bailey's  political 
course,  may  still  mitigate  the  censures  which  any  may  be 
disposed  to  pass  on  an  American,  who  did  not  feel  the  injus- 
tice which  Great  Britain  was  showing  to  his  country,  and 
therefore  did  not  exercise  his  intlueiice  on  what  we  all  now 
agree  to  have  been  the  right  side. 


Il 


h    :' 

ffi^  ' 

ilf> 

■^  : 

ix 

i:'iili 


NOTES. 


NOTE   A. 

Cl'agc2.] 

I.\  the  «  History  of  Rowley,  etc.,  by  Thomas  CJage  ;  Is  10," 
is  a  "  Genealogical  Register  of  the  Families  of  some  of  the 
First  Settlers  of  ]?o\vley."     The  first  on  the  list  is  — 

Baylev. 

1.  James  and  I^ydia.  Had  four  sons;  John,  born  1643 
James,  1650;  Thomas,  J()");3;  Samuel,  lGo8. 

2.  John  and  iMary  (jMighill).  Three  sons ;  Nafhanirf,  born 
167o;  Thomas,  ](i77:  James,  1G80;  and  two  daughters. 

3.  Nathaniel  and  Sarah  (Clark).  Five  sons;  Joseph,  l)orn 
1701  ;  Nathaniel,  1703:  Josiah,  1705;  Darid,  1707;  Samuel, 
1709 ;  and  two  daughters. 

4.  David  and  Mary  (Hodgkins).  Seven  sons;  Jacob,  born 
1731;  David,  1735;  Pierce,  1738;  Amos,  1740;  John,  1741; 
Nathaniel,  1743  ;  Ezckicl,  1748.— p.  438. 

The  father  of  the  subject  of  this  biography  was  one  of  the 
seven  deacons  of  tlie  First  Congregational  Church  in  his  na- 
tive town. — p.  2-1. 

The  writer  of  Ihc  above-named  History,  gives  the  name  of 
the  family  as  Bayicy.  But  as  the  subject  of  this  Memoir  uni- 
formly spelt  his  name  Bailey,  and  as  his  immediate  relatives 
and  his  def-cendants  did  the  same,  this  form  of  the  name  has 
been  adopted  in  this  work. 


m 


i    'H- 


,      '    ■  !.k 


M 


!■■ 


i 


,. 


It' 


m 


K|i| 


ii 


tt  1 


iiii' 

111!      1 


'4!' 


'i»fr^' 


f 


i'ir 


;•)! 


■if 

''■•!' 


236  NOTES. 

NOTE   B. 

[PttBC  70.] 

As  tlio  interesting  facts,  mentioned  in  this  and  the  preced- 
ing paragraph,  have  never,  (so  far  as  the  writer  is  aware,)  been 
distinctly  stated  by  any  historian,  it  is  proper  that  the  author- 
ity which  substantiates  those  facts,  should  be  given.  They 
form  not  only  a  part  of  the  aiuials  of  the  Episcopal  Church 
in  this  country,  but  they  are  a  portion  of  the  history  of  the 
United  States. 

Williamson,  who  has  given,  in  his  History  of  Maine,'  the 
most  detailed  account  of  this  colony,  says  of  the  colonists: 
"  They  left  the  ships,  August  the  J  lth,f  and,  assembling  on 
the  shore,  returned  public  thanks  to  Almighty  God,  and  lis- 
tened to  a  sermon  adapted  to  the  occasion."  Bancroft  says  :| 
"  The  adventurers  reached  the  coast  of  America,  near  the 
)nouth  of  the  Kennebec,  and  oti'cring  up  public  thanks  to  God. 
for  their  safety,  began  their  settlement  under  the  auspices  of 
religion."  "  Purchas§  makes  the  following  statement:  An.  1()07, 
was  settled  a  Plantation  in  the  River  Sagadahoc,||  the  Ships 
called  the  Gift  and  Mary  and  John  being  sent  thither  l)y  the 
famous  English  lusticer.  Sir  lo/m  Popham  and  others.  *  * 
They  chose  the  place  of  their  Plantation  at  the  mouth  of  Sa- 
gudalioc,  in  a  Wc^sterly  Peninsula:  there  heard  a  Sermon,  read 
their  Patent  (.V  Laws  &:  built  a  Fort.  *  ^  *  The  people 
seemed  all'ected  with  our  men's  devotions,  cV.  would  say  ihat 
King  Iamf.s  is  a  good  King,  his  God  a  good  God,  and  Tanlo 
naught,  so  they  call  an  evil  spirit  which  haunts  them  every 
Moone,  and  makes  them  worship  him  for  feare.  *  *  On 
February  the  5,  the  President  died. " 

The  compiler  of  this  Memoir,  although  well  satisfied  in  his 


*  Williamson's  History  Xp.  ,  i.  p.  108. 

t  An  error  in  the  date,  see  }ioi<t. 

X  History  U.  S.  l.'Uh  Ed.  1.  p.  2()8. 

(J  Piirchas'  Pilgrims,  l.ondon,  KiiO,  Vol.  v.  p.  8.30. 

II  Saufiidahoc  is  the  proper  name  of  tiie  river  from  Merry  Meeting  Bay  to  the  sea. 
The  Kennebec  and  Androscoggin  unite  at  this  Bay,  and  thence  take  the  first-niea- 
tioiied  name. 


NOTES. 


237 


own  mind,  from  various  reasons,  that  a  minister  of  the  Church 
of  Enghmd  accompanied  this  expedition,  (as  was  the  case  with 
the  first  colony  which  a  few  months  before  settled  the  present 
State  of  Virginia,)  still  supposed  it  to  be  nearly  impossible  to 
establish  this  fact  beyond  a  doubi,  and  entirely  so  to  recover 
the  name  of  the  Clergyman,  after  the  lapse  of  nearly  two  and  a 
half  centnries.  He  had  stated  his  reasons  in  a  note,  when,  just 
as  this  work  was  ready  for  the  press,*  hv  accidejitally  discovered 
that  there  was  an  ancient  docMuiient  in  existence  which  would 
furnisji  him  with  much  information  desired  on  this  point. 
This  document  forms  one  of  the  Volumes  published  by  the 
"Ilakluyt  Society,"  London:  1849,  and  is  copied  from  a  man- 
uscript in  the  Sloane  Collection,  No.  lO'Jri,  in  the  British 
Museum.  The  larger  part  of  this  contc^nporary  narrative  w\as 
contributed  by  the  writer  of  this  Memoir  to  the  Massachusetts 
Historical  Society,  and  was  jmblished  in  A\)lume  J.,  Fourth 
Series  of  thei;  Collections.  An  extract  also  appeared  in  the 
ihird  Volume  of  the  Maine  Historical  Collections. 
The  title  of  the  second  part  is  as  follows: — 

THR  SECOND  BOOKT^ 

or  TUF.     IIHST     DKCADi;     OI'     TMI",    niSTORIH     Ol'     TllAVAII.V,    INTO 

VIRGINIA  BJllTTANIA,  hntrkatin-i  or  tuk  iihst  J)is- 
tOVi;i!i;KS  oi'  tmi;  Countky,  and  of  tuk  iirst  Coi,onii:, 
thansi'ohtiu)  uv  S''  RrcMAiU)  (4rhe.\vilk,  Kvicirr  ri'ox  thf. 
Island  OF  Roaxok,  at  tui;  f.xi'Knck  and  cmaugf,  of  S''  Wali': 
IIai.f.kiu  K  ;igut. 


\n 


As      \i,SO     of     Tin:     NOlil'llFliN     CoLOMK,     SIOVTKD     UPON     THF 

Rivi:iioi'  SAcnADt:nt)c,  TUANsi'Oiirr;D  An'!  \')S'),  at  tui:  chakgk 
OF  S':  Jou.N  PoFUAM,  KNKinp,  i.A'i'F,  LouD  CuiiiFi:  .Ifsticf  of 
EN.iiAND,  ciATUFRFi)  uv  WILLIAM  STRACIIKY,  GENT: 

PSAI,.  CII.  VKR.  IS. 

"Tliis  slinlbu  written  for  the  Generation  to  come:  and  tin;  people  W^''  slialbc 
created  shall  praise  the  Lord." 


•  In  ISoO. 


I  A 


3 1  III 
111!'' 
I 

m 


!'■  ,'| 


8i    I  ■ 


238 


NOTES. 


I; 


■: 


(In  the  title  to  "the  first  Hookc,"  the  writer  says  "collected 
BY  William  Straciikv,  Gk\t:  0  ykahes  tiiithkr  imployed 
Secretauik  oi'   State,  and  or   Counsaile  ^vlTII   the   right 

IIONORAliLE  THE   LoRD  La-AVARRE,    HIS    MA'"f'    LoRD    GoUERXO'" 

AND  Cai't:  Gexerall  or  the  Colony.") 

In  1G06  a  ship  was  despatched  to  the  northern  parts  of 
America  by  some  members  of  the  Plymouth  Company,  under 
command  of  Cap  .  Chalons. 

This  ship,  which  carried  thirty-one  men  and  two  of  the 
Indians  whom  Weymouth  had  deliYcred  to  Sir  F.  Gorges, 
was  taken  by  a  Spanish  fleet,  and  carried  to  Spain,  where  she 
was  condemned.  After  mentioning  this  discouraging  circum- 
stance, the  Strachey  account  proceeds:  "Howbeit  the  late 
Lord  Chief  Justice  would  not  for  all  this  hard  hansell  and 
Spanish  mischief  give  over  his  determinacon  for  planting  of 
a  Colony  w'^'in  the  aforesaid  so  goodly  a  country  upon  the 
River  of  Saciiadehoe,  but  against  the  next  year  prepared  a 
greater  number  of  Planters  and  better  provisions,  w*^''  in  two 
shipps  he  sent  thither,  a  Fly  boat  called  the  (Jift  of  (Jod, 
wherein  a  kinsman  of  his,  George  Pophain,  eonianded  and  a 
good  shipp  called  the  jMary  and  John  of  liondon,  wherein 
Raleigh  CJilbert  comanded,  \v'''  w"'  120  persons  for  Planters 
brake  ground  for  Plymouth  in  Jnne  1007.*' 

^^  Aiis>:  1.  *  *  They  hoisted  out  their  bote,  and  the  Pilott, 
Capt.  R.  Dauies  w^''  P-2  others  row(>d  into  the  Bay  wherein 
their  ship  road,  and  landed  on  a  galland  Island." 

"yl?^!,''.  9.  Sonday  the  chief  both  tin;  the  shipps  w"'  the 
greatest  ))t  of  all  1h(>  Company  landed  on  the  Island  where  the 
crosse  stood,  the  w'"''  they  called  S!  George's  Island,  and  heard 
a  sermon  delivered  vnto  them  by  Mr.  Seymour,  his  preacher, 
and  soe  returned  abourd  againe." 

Leaving  St.  George's  Island  they  stood  for  the  Kennebec. 
A  violent  storm  nearly  caused  the  shipwreck  of  both  v(!ssels. 
J^efore reaching  their  destination  they  were  driven  somewhat 
To  the  south-westward  and  were  a  part  of  the  time  in  Casco 
Bay,  whose  leading  features  are  described  in  the  account. 

"yi//5'.  I-'").     *     *       Came  to  the  eastward,  and  found  the 


'f! 


NOTES. 


239 


the 
the 
.ird 
c'lier, 


the 


Island  of  Sutquin,*  and  anchored  vnder  y^,  for  the  wynd  was 
of  the  shoare,  by  w'"'  they  could  not  gett  into  Sachadehoc,  yett 
Capt.  Popham  w"'  the  Fly  boat  gott  in." 

^^  Aug".  IG.  *  *  in  the  morning  Capt.  Popham  sent  his 
shallop  to  helpe  in  the  Mary  and  John,  w*^''  weyed  Anchor,  and 
being  calme  was  soone  towed  in  and  Anchored  by  the  (luifts 
side." 

"  Avg".  18,  they  all  went  ashoare  and  there  made  choise  of  a 
place  for  their  Plantation  at  the  mouth  or  entry  of  the  Ryver 
on  the  west  side  (for  the  River  bindeth  y'self  towards  the  Nor- 
erfst  and  by  east)  being  almost  an  Island  of  a  good  bignes, 
being  in  a  province  called  by  the  Indians  Sabino,  so  called  of 
a  Saganio,  or  chief  Commander  under  the  grand  Bassaba." 

"  Aug-.  19,  they  all  went  ashoare  where  they  had  made  choise 
of  their  Plantation,  and  there  they  had  a  Sermon  delivered 
vnto  them  by  their  preacher,  and  after  the  Sermon  the  Presi- 
dent's Comission  was  read  w"'  the  Lawes  to  be  observed  and 
kcept,  George  Popham  gent  was  noiated  President,  Capt.  Ra- 
leigh Gilbert,  James  Dauies:  Ri:  Seymer  preacher,  Capt.  Ric 
Dauies,  Capt  Harlow,  the  same  who  brought  away  the  Saluad- 
ges  at  this  tyrae  shewed  in  London  from  the  River  of  Canada, 
were  all  sworne  Assistants ;  and  soe  they  returned  back 
againe." 

"  Aug\  20.  All  went  to  shoare  againe,  and  there  began  to 
entrench,  and  make  a  Fort  and  to  buyld  a  storehouse,  contyn- 
ewing  the  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  26,  27." 

******* 

"  Octo.  4.  Then  came  2  canoas  to  the  Fort  in  w*^''  were  Na- 
hamada  and  his  wife,  and  Skidwares,  and  the  Bashabaes 
brother,  and  one  other  called  Amenequin,a  Saganio,  all  of  whom 
the  President  feasted  and  enteriayned  w"'  all  kindness,  both 
that  day  and  the  next,  w'^''  being  Sondaye  the  President  carried 
them  to  the  place  of  publike  prayers,  w'^''  they  were  at  both 
morning  and  evening,  attending  y*  with  great  reverence  and 
silence." 


*s 


cgmn. 


m 


^^ii 


m 


i!': 


'  ! ' 

1 
1', 

j 

■!  I  ' ! 


:  r 


11 


lis; 

t'   r 


'  l^^^f 


'  .:  ■  '(■ 


m 


IJ  .l|||.IRip|ll|l|l   111 


240 


NOTES. 


"  Octo.  6.  *  *  *  After  Capt  Daules  departure*  they  fully 
finished  the  Fort,  trencht  and  fortefied  y*  w"'  12  pieces  of  Ordi- 
nance, and  built  50  houses  therein,  besides  a  Church  and  a 
Storehouse,  and  the  Carpenters  framed  a  pretty  Pynnace  of 
about  some  50  tonne,  vv*^''  they  called  the  Virginia,  the  chief 
shipwright  being  one  Digby  of  London." 

This  contemporary  account  establishes  the  fact  that  this 
colony  had  a  clergyman  of  the  Church  of  England  in  their 
number,  that  he  was  their  chaplain,  was  sworn  as  one  of  the 
assistants,  and  regularly  officiated  in  the  church  built  within 
their  fort.  It  also  gives  his  name.  The  common  notion  th'at 
Plymouth,  in  Massachusetts  Bay,  was  the  first  place  in  which 
any  kind  of  Protestant  religious  worship  was  steadily  kept  up, 
is  evidently  unfounded.  Thirteen  years  before  a  landing  was^ 
made  on  "  Forefathers'  Rock,"  the  wilderness  of  Maine  echoed 
to  the  sound  of  a  pure  and  fervent  liturgy.f 

It  is  desirable  to  correct  a  misapprehension  which  has  pre- 
vailed to  some  extent,  as  to  the  precise  spot  on  the  Kennebec, 
(or  Sagadehoc,)  where  this  colony  established  itself.  Wil- 
liamson J  says:  "Although,  according  to  some  accounts,  they 
first  went  ashore  on  Erasco/iegan,^  or  the  western  Peninsula; 


m 


Si...;. 

■i: 


m 

¥^' 

ii 

M 

1, 

m 

i: 

*  In  the  Marj'  and  John. 

fThe  present  writer,  while  he  wishes  to,  show  that  members  of  the  Church  of 
England  made  provision  at  a  very  early  date  for  the  spiritual  wants  of  colonics  in 
America,  and  also  of  the  savages  among  whom  those  colonies  were  founded,  has  no 
disposition  to  keep  out  of  sisrht  the  pious  endeavors  of  any  other  Christians  to  pro- 
mote the  same  great  end.  It  is  only  since  these  pages  have  been  prepared  for  the 
press  that  it  lias  come  to  his  knowledge  that  Protestant  worship  and  preaching  were 
continued  for  some  time  previous  to  Popham's  expedition,  in  a  locality  within  the 
present  State  of  Maine. 

The  colony  of  De  Monts  has  been  spoken  of,  p.  C8.  It  was  made  up  of  Romanists 
and  Priitestants.  Among  the  latter  was  L'Esarbot,  who  was  a  Huguenot.  lie  kept 
a  journal,  which  was  afterwards  published.  In  the  "  little  chapell,  built  after  the 
sauage  fashion,"  L'Esarbot  gave  public  religious  instruction  to  the  colonists  on 
Sundays  and  other  times.  The  name  of  tliis  worthy  man  should  not  be  suffered  to 
sink  into  oblivion.  He  undoubtedly  labored  faithfully  in  his  endeavors  to  promote 
the  interests  of  religion,  and  whatever  may  have  been  his  success,  of  which  we  are 
not  informed,  he  has  connected  his  name  in  the  most  desirable  manner  with  the  nis- 
tory  of  ancient  "  Acadia,"  and  will  hereafter  receive  the  commendation  of  "  good  and 
faithful  servant"  from  that  Master  whose  religion  he  sought  tc  promote. 

J  History  of  Maine,  i.,  p.  198. 

^^  iVow  Parker's  Island. 


NOTES. 


241 


yet  it  is  bolifvi'd  tlicy  finally  dirfctubarlicMl  upon  an  island  two 
hundred  rods  eastward,  called  Stage  Island,  supposed  by  them 
to  be  better  situat<'d  for  all  the  conveniences  of  trade  with  the 
nalivCvS  and  of  navigation  through  the  year.''  »  *  He  acknowl- 
edges that  they  afterwards,  for  various  reasons,  rctiioved  to 
"  the  south-ea>t  side  of  a  creeU,  near  what  is  now  called  Atkins' 
]?ay,  which  stretches  west  into  the  land  half  a  league,  and 
forms  a  peninsula  at  the  southerly  corner  of  the  present"  [town 
of]  "  Phipsbnrg."  Here,  he  says,  "a  few  slender  cabins  were 
built  and  a  forti(ic;ation  erected." 

The  present  writer  has  taken  considerable  pains  to  ascertain 
whi'ie  the  idea,  that  this  colony  first  landed  on  an  island,  origi- 
nated. The  earli(^st  book  he  has  met  with  in  which  the  state- 
ment occurs,  is  "  The  History  of  th(>  District  of  Maine,  by" 
[(Jo\-.]  "James  Sullivan,"  |)ublished  in  ITO-J.  He  says,  p.  53, 
"they  spent  a  miserable  winter,  principally  on  an  island  called 
Stage  Island."  At  page  174,  he  states:  "  Tradition  assures  us 
that  I'opham's  party  made  their  landing  on  the  island,  now 
called  Stage  Island,  and  as  there  are  remains  of  an  ancient  fort 
on  Cape  Small  Point,  and  wt-lls  of  water  of  long  standing, 
with  remains  of  aneii'nt  dwelling-houses,  so  it  may  be  con- 
cluded that  the  Plymouth  fort  was  at  that  place.''*  Four  pages 
previously  the  historian  had  said:  "On  the  west  side  of  the 
river  are  the  remains  of  an  old  fort  made  of  sione  and  earth; 
there  are  also  eight  old  walls  now  to  be  seen,  and  the  ruins  of 
several  houses.  Whether  these  buildings  were  erected  by  the 
English  or  I^'reneh  is  uncertain;  but  the  probability  is  that  the 
former  were  the  erectors  of  the  works."  At  pages  169  and  170 
the  following  statement  occurs:  "  On  an  island  already  spoken 
of,  called  Stage  Island,  was  the  landing  place  of  Popham's 
party.  *  *  Ogilby,  in  his  Collection,  which  he  made  in  the 
year  1()71,  says  that  they  landed  on  the  west  side  of  the  river 
and  there  began  a  ))lantation." 

It  will  be  perceived  that  tradition  alone  is  assigned  as  au- 


■'  mil 


*  "  As  early  as  1612  the  Plymouth  Company,  who  had  a  grant  of  land  on  fhc-  Ken- 
nebec, erected  a  fort  and  trading  house  at  Georgetown.  By  some  it  is  supposcl  that 
this  fort  was  at  Small  Point,  and  by  others  at  Sagadahook  Bay." — Maine  Historical 
CoUection,  ii,,  p.  200. 

31 


Ihh; 


242 


KOTES. 


A 


llii 
h.. 

■■i  I 
!1 


is;. 


tm 


m 


^y 

■:'         '[ 

m 

{ 

1      - 

ii:  ■■ 

thority  for  the  statement  of  this  colony  landing  in  the  first 
place  upon  an  island.  Yet  tradition  ap|)ears  to  have  been 
utterly  at  fault  in  pointing  out  the  locality  of  the  fort  built  by 
the  Plymouth  company  Ihirty-sevcn  years  after  the  departure 
of  Popharn's  colony.  Besides,  the  description  of  the  remains 
of  an  old  fort  on  the  west  side  of  the  river  existing  in  1795, 
indicates  that  that  fortress  was  built  by  persons  of  European 
notions  as  to  the  strength  of  fortifications,  rather  than  by  the 
colony  at  Plymouth,  Mass.,  who  would  doubtless  deem  block 
houses,  built  of  timber,  to  be  sufficient.  Tradition  is  not  uni- 
form on  this  point.  In  Massachusetts  Historical  Collections, 
Vol.  i.,  252,  a  writer  contends  that  Parkers  Island  was  tiie  first 
landing  place  of  Popham's  colo;iy.  Certain  indications  of 
early  settlers  are  to  be  found  even  at  the  present  day  upon 
Stage  Island.  Why  may  not  these  have  been  what  was  left 
by  the  garrison  established  by  the  Plymouth  Company,  whose 
locality  is  now  confessedly  unknown  ?  It  will  be  observed  in 
one  of  the  quotations  made  from  Sullivan's  History,  that 
although  he  makes  the  distinct  assertion  that  the  island  he 
names  was  the  landing  place  of  Popham's  party,  yet  that 
shortly  after  he  quotes  Ogilby  as  stating,  in  1671,  that  this 
party  landed  on  the  west  side  of  the  river.  Ogilby  agrees 
with  all  the  ancient  writers,  (for  it  is  only  modern  historians 
who  have  assigned  this  varying  tradition  as  their  authority.) 
Thus  Purchas,  before  quoted,  "  In  a  Westerly  Peninsula." 
And  the  Strachey  MS.  says :  "  they  all  went  ashoare,  and  there 
made  choise  of  a  place  for  their  Plantation  at  the  mouth  of 
the  Ryver  on  the  West  side,  *  *  being  almost  an  Island, 
of  a  good  bignes." 

In  the  autumn  of  1852  the  writer  of  this  Memoir,  in  compa- 
ny with  a  friend,  visited  the  locality  spoken  of,  and  indicated 
on  the  map,  opposite  page  77,  by  the  figure  1.  Standing  upon 
high  ground,  near  the  centre  of  it,  he  saw  at  once  that  the 
phrase  "  being  almost  an  Island,  of  good  bignes,"  was  a  very 
accurate  description.  And  from  a  pretty  thorough  examina- 
tion of  this  peninsula,  it  seemed  as  if  the  precise  situation  of 
the  fort  built  by  these  early  colonists  might  almost  be  settled. 
Conspicuous  to  all  who  enter  or  leave  the  mouth  of  the  Ken- 


NOTES. 


2iS 


nebec,  is  a  two  story  dwcHing-houric,  built  by  Major  Sliaw, 
standing  a  few  rods  from  the  sea  coast,  and  not  far  distant 
from  the  river  just  named.  Near  this  house  is  a  erescent- 
shaped  pond  of  fresh  water,  covering  about  five  acres  of 
ground.  The  land  rises  some  forty  feet  on  the  north  of  this 
pond,  and  then  descends  by  an  easy  slope  to  tlie  water  of 
Atkins'  Bay,  giving  sulUcient  space  for  the  erection  of  a  fort 
containing  "  fifty  houses,  besides  a  Church  and  a  Storehouse.'' 
A  large  supply  of  fresh  water  would  evidently  be  ni'eded  for 
such  an  estal)lishment  as  this.  At  the  present  day  the  water 
in  the  wells  on  the  peninsula  is  more  or  less  brackish,  which 
in  all  probability  has  always  been  the  case.  Such  a  pond, 
then,  would  be  of  great  value  to  a  fortress.  This  fact,  and 
the  adaptation  of  the  land  to  such  a  building,  seem  to  be  deci- 
sive as  to  the  locality  of  the  fort. 

The  satisfaction  of  l)eing  able  to  dctcrininc  with  a  tolerable 
degree  of  accuracy,  the  precise  spot  where  this,  the  earliest  but 
one  of  the  colonies  in  thi^  Northern  United  States,  passed  a 
number  of  months,  will,  it  is  hoped,  be  a  sullicient  apology  for 
the  space  devoted  to  the  discussion  of  this  (juestion.  While 
everything  relating  to  this  colony  will  no  doubt  prove  interest- 
ing to  members  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church,  th(!  addi- 
tion here  made  to  the  previous  knowledge  of  it  cannot  be 
unacceptable  to  the  student  of  American  history. 


'}t 


From  some  cause  or  other,  historians  have  done  but  very 
scanty  justice  to  the  interest  that  some  of  the  members  of  the 
Church  of  England  took  in  providing  for  the  spiritual  welfare 
of  those  who  attempted  to  colonize  the  then  inhospitable  re- 
gions of  this  western  world.  We  have  seen  in  this  Note,  that 
a  colony  of  Episcopalians  in  INIaine,  with  a  clergyman  of  their 
Church  as  their  chaplain,  and  as  one  of  their  "Assistants," 
preceded  that  of  the  Puritans  in  Plymouth  by  thirteen  years. 
We  now  propose  to  show  that  another  part  of  North  America 
witnessed  the  celebration  of  divine  worship,  and  the  adminis- 
tration of  the  sacrament  of  the  Lord's  .Supper, /o/V^^-Z^fo  years 
before  the  "  Pilgrims"  landed  on  these  shores. 


4!i 


244 


NOTES. 


I. 


i.  1/ 


I 


b:Mr 


:..|    .( 


Ill 


I'li 
It 


I, 

( 

I; 

i': 

1 

i;  1 

^14j^ 

In  the  reign  of  (inccn  Eli/alx'tli,  Capt.  Martin  Frobisher 
made  three  voyuges  to  the  eontincnt  of  North  America.  In 
the  attempt  to  discover  a  snorter  passage  to  China  than  that 
by  the  way  of  the  Cape  of  (Jood  Hope,  he  struck  boldly  for 
the  west.  He  finally  reached  a  point  far  north  of  Labrador, 
and  in  63^  N.  latitude  discovered  thi;  straits  which  have  ever 
since  borne  his  name.  He  returned  to  l^'ngland,  and  the  next 
year  a  motley  collection  of  miners,  gold-fmcrs,  bakers,  carpen- 
ters, and  gentlemen,  with  thirty  soldiers  and  forty  seamen, 
were  embarked  on  board  of  "fifteen  sayle  of  good  ships," 
which  reached  their  former  harbor  in  safetv  in  the  summer  of 
1578.  Before  sailing  from  England  certain  regulations  for  the 
guidance  of  the  adventurers  were  drawn  np,  of  which  what 
follows  is  an  extract : — 

"  Articles  and  orders  to  be  obserued  A)r  the  Fleetc,  set  down 
by  Capt.  Frobisher,  Generall,  &:c. 

"  I.  Inprimis,  to  banish  swearing,  dice  and  card  playing 
and  filthy  communication  and  to  serue  God  twice  a  day  with 
the  ordinary  seruiee  of  nsuall  in  the  Churches  of  England,  and 
to  clear  the  glasse*  according  to  the  old  order  of  England.'' — 
HackJuyt,  (Ed.  1600,)  Vol.  iii.,  p.  74. 

They  arrived  at  their  destination  "  upon  the  one  and  thirtieth 
of  July."  "  Here  every  man  greatly  rejoiced  of  their  liappie  meet- 
ing and  welcomed  one  another  after  the  sea  maimer  with  their 
great  Ordinance;  and  when  each  partie  had  ripped  u|)  their 
sundry  fortunes  and  perils  past,  they  highly  praysed  God,  and 
altogether  upon  their  knees  gaue  him  due,  humble  and  hearty 
thanks,  and  Maister  Wolfall,  a  learned  man  and  appointed  by 
her  Maieties  Councell  to  be  their  Minister  and  Preacher,  made 
unto  them  a  godly  sermon,  exhorting  them  especially  to  be 
thankfull  to  God  for  their  strange  and  miraculous  deliuerancc 
in  those  so  dangerous  places,  and  putting  them  in  mind  of  the 
imcertaintie  of  man's  life,  willed  them  to  make  themselues 
always  readie  as  resolute  men  to  enjoy  and  accept  thankfully 
whatsoeuer  aduenture  his  diuine  Prouidenee  should  appoint. 
This  Maister  Wolfall,  being  well  seated  and  settled  at  home 

*  Hour  glass. 


1\ 


NOTES. 


245 


ill  liis  owiie  Coniilcry,  with  a  «j[()0(l  and  largo  liuiiii^,  liaiiiiifT  a 
f^ood  honest  woman  1o  wife  and  very  towardly  childri-n,  bi-ing 
of  good  reputation  among  tlu;  best,  refused  not  totuki'  in  hand 
this  jiainfuU  voyage,  for  the  otdy  care  lie  had  to  sane  soules, 
and  to  reformc  those  Infidels,  if  it  vv<!re  jiossihle,  to  (^hristian- 
itie:  and  also  partly  for  the  great  desire  he  had  that  this  nota- 
ble voyage  so  well  hegunne,  might  be  brought  to  perfection: 
and  therefore  he  was  contented  to  stay  there  the  whole  yeare 
if  occasion  had  serued,  being  in  every  necessary  action  as  for- 
ward as  the  resolutest  man  of  all.  Wherefore  in  this  bchalfc 
he  may  rightly  be  called  a  true  Pastor  and  Minister  of  (u)d'3 
word,  which  for  the  profite  of  his  llocke  spared  not  to  venture 
his  owne  life." — Ibid.,  iii.,  84. 

On  the  30th  of  August,  "  jNIaister  Wolfall  *  *  preached 
a  godly  sermon,  which  being  ended,  he  celebrated  also  a  Com- 
munion upon  the  land,  at  the  partaking  whereof  was  tiu;  (.'ap- 
taine  of  the  Anne  Francis,  and  many  other  (lenllemcn  and 
Souldiers,  Mariners  and  Miners  with  him.  Tliis  celebration 
of  the  diuine  mystery  was  the  first  signe,  scale  and  confirma- 
tion of  Christ's  name  death  and  passion  cuer  knowen  in  these 
quarters.  The  said  M.  made  sermons,  and  celebrated  the 
Communion  at  sundry  other  times  in  seueraille  and  sundry 
ships,  because  the  whole  company  could  neucr  meet  together 
at  any  one  place." — Ibid.,  iii.,  91. 

No  American  historian,  it  is  believed,  has  noticed  any  of  the 
above  interesting  facts  respecting  the  religious  features  in  this 
expedition,  though  some  have  spoken  at  length  of  Frobisher's 
voyages,  as  connected  with  the  discovery  and  colonization  of 
the  American  continent. 


A  discovery  of  somewhat  recent  date,  on  an  island  near  the 
shores  of  Maine,  promises  to  give  additional  plausibility  to  the 
theory  that  the  coasts  of  North  America  were  visited  by  North- 
men some  centuries  before  natives  of  England  or  France  came 
hither.  In  1808,  a  gentleman  in  Bath,  Maine,  communicated 
to  the  Rev.  William  Jenks,  D.  D.,  well  known  as  an  accom- 


1^ 


.^1 


ff"^r 


III 


I!  I 


'1   ( 


M'^ ;' 


mn 
t ' 


240 


NOTKS. 


j)lislj('(l  Oriotital  scholar,  a  sketch  of  some  siiipfular  chiimctcrs 
found  "on  th«  wido  of  a  ledgn  of  rock,  near  the?  inuhllc  t)f  tho 
little  Island  of  iManfmas,  which  is  separated  from  Monhei^an 
iKland  only  by  a  narrow  strait  that  forms  the  liarbor  of  the  lat- 
ter." At  the  ainnial  meeting  of  the  ^Vmerican  Academy  of 
Arts  and  Sciences,  in  May,  J8ol,  Dr.  .Tenks  made  a  commimi- 
cation  respe(rtinfjf  the  characters  n^ferred  to.  Since  that  time 
an  accurate  transcript  has  been  made  of  the  inscription.  Tiie 
characters  are  eighteen  in  number,  and  Dr.  .Tenks  has  now  no 
doubt  that  they  are  Runic  in  their  origin.  As  in  the  case  of 
the  inscription  on  the  rock  at  Dighton,  Mass.,  "only  some  six 
or  seven  characters  arc  claimed  to  be  Runic,  or  even  Plneni- 
cian,  Punic,  or  foreign,"  should  it  be  established  l)eyond  a  rea- 
sonable doubt  that  this  inscription  at  Monhegan  is  Runic,  the 
State  of  Mainc^  will  present  greater  claims  to  the  interest  of  the 
historian  and  anticpiary  than  has  heretofore  been  allowed  to  it. 
Dr.  .lenks  says,  in  Ilayward's  (lazetteer,  p.  04:  "We  cannot, 
perhaps,  venture  to  assert  that  the  coast  had  never  been  visited 
by  Europeans  before  the  voyage  of  Cabot,  or  those  of  the 
Spaniards,  who,  with  the  French,  seem  to  have  been  upon  it 
at  an  early  date.  But  on  a  small  island  very  near  Monhegan, 
was  discovered  in  1808,  an  inscription  of  rather  a  curious  kind 
made  on  the  side  of  a  rock.  It  might  possibly  countenance 
the  hypothesis,  which  has  of  late  been  entertained  with  so 
much  approbation  and  interest  by  the  Danish  anticpiaries,  that 
America  was  visited  by  Scandinavians  or  Icelanders,  long  be- 
fore Columbus.  Yet  the  inscription  seems  to  be  too  simple  to 
be  resolved  into  Runic  characters.  On  the  top  of  the  rock 
were  found  three  holes,  about  one  foot  apart,  rather  deeply 
perforated,  and  calculated  to  accommodate  a  tripod.  The 
Island  is  called  Mananas,  or  Menannah,  and  is  described  by 
Williamson ;  although  so  far  as  is  known  to  the  writer,  the 
above  inscription  has  never  before  met  the  public  eye.  It  is 
the  only  one  of  which  he  has  heard  as  existing  in  Maine ;  and 
whether  it  were  the  result  of  mere  idleness,  or  made  to  score  a 
reckoning,*  or  has  a  meaning  of  a  difTerent  kind,  we  will  not 

*  This  rock  is  either  granite  or  gneiss.    Is  it  probable  that  any  one  would  "  score  a 
reckoning  "  in  so  hard  a  substance  ? 


KOTES. 


247 


uiidcrlake  to  (Ictcrtiiiiio.  Tin*  liok-a  aro  an  inch  (U't'p  or  more, 
aiul  near  llirt'c,  iiielu's  in  diaiiintcr.  Tlic  strokes  art;  cut  to 
the  depth  of  nearly  half  an  inch,  and  are  about  hIx  inches  in 
lenfi;th,  as  our  informant*  stated.  A  spring  is  near,  and  the 
shor«!  about  thirty  rods  oiK  The  ledj^e  of  rock  is  near  the 
centre  of  the  little  island,  and  runs  about  N.  NJ'I.and  S.  S  VV." 


NOTE  C. 

CI'UKe  T4.J 

"The  ancient  colony  of  New  Plymouth,  having  met  with 
many  losses  and  discouragemi^nts  in  their  trade  at  Kennebeck, 
in  1()()1  conveyed  their  lands  to  Antipas  Hois,  Edward  Tyng, 
Thomas  Brattle  and  John  Winslow,  with  all  the  privileges  of 
the  Patent,  for  the  sum  of  £400  sterling. 

"But  the  freiiueut  wars  and  commotions  which  disturbed  the 
Eastern  country  prevented  these  g«Mitlemen  and  their  heirs 
from  making  any  improv(Miu'nts.  And  besides,  this  territory, 
being  seldom  visited,  was  generally  esteemed  only  a  barren 
tract,  in  a  severe  climate  and  a  remote  and  wilderness  country. 
At  length,  Mr.  Samuel  Goodwin,  of  Charlestown,  (Mass.,) 
now  Major  Goodwin  of  Pownalboro',  having  obtained  some 
intelligence  from  his  ancestors  concerning  the  abov<;-mentioned 
purchase,  and  having  procured  a  twenty-fourth  part  from  his 
father,  engaged  with  resolution  in  the  aflair.  But  the  original 
Patent,  by  which  they  were  entitled  to  reassume  the  |)ossession 
could  not  be  found,  and  a  majority  of  the  proprietors  imagined 
it  lost  beyond  recovery;  it  was  therefore  his  first  concern,  to 
acquire,  if  possible,  this  necessary  instrument;  and  it  was  with 
indefatigable  industry,  unwearied  application,  and  a  great 
expense,  he  was  able  to  obtain  proper  intelligence  of  said 
Patent.  After  searching  a  multitude  of  Records,  he  found  it 
in  the  hands  of  Samuel  Wells,  Esq.,  one  of  the  Commission- 
ers for  settling  the  bounds  between  the  late  Colony  of  Plymouth 
and  that  of  Rhode  Island.     This  Patent  had  been  long  cou- 


.'ii 


*The  late  Major  Josiua  Shaw,  of  Bath,  Maine. 


J 


It 


I!  1:1 


II 

■      1;   I? 


I      -i. 


■     *        . 


;a1 


^^B(l> 

: 

i 

\    \    ' 

^Hu'ibii 

I 

1 

t 

248 


NOTES. 


coaled  by  nn  ancient  woman  with  a  view,  it  is  ;.resnmcc],  of 
makiiii;  soiree  advantage  to  herself,  or  family,  and  it;  was  finally 
wrested  out  of  her  possession  by  a  stratagem,  and  delivered 
to  the  jibove  Commissioners  in  order  to  assist  in  their  deter- 
minations. i\Ir.  Goodwin  obtained  an  order  from  the  (ieneral 
Court,  directing  Mr.  Wells  to  resign  the  Patent,  and  having  in 
this  manner  procured  the  original  conveyance,  prevailed  with 
a  number  of  gentlemen  to  be  concerned  by  purchase,  and  xMr. 
Bowdoin,  Vassal,  Hancock',  llr.  (Jardiner,  Ilallowell,  and  other 
wealtliy  persons  were  engaged,  and  formed  themselves  into  a 
company,  and  the  first  meeting  was  held,  agreeable  to  a  war- 
rant, in  1719. 

"  !\lr.  Goodwin,  by  order  of  ! he  proprietors,  began  his  surveys 
in  I7")0,  and  continued  in  that  employ  through  the  whole  sum- 
mer, notwithstanuing  the  Indians,  by  their  motions,  had  terri- 
fied all  the  inhabitants  into  garrison.'' 

The  above  is  taken  from  a  JNIS.  History  of  New  Enirliind, 
by  Rev.  Jacob  ]?ailey.  As  he  lived  on  terms  of  intimacy  with 
Major  (ioodwin  it  is  probable  that  he  Outained  his  information 
from  him.  The  following  also  occurs  in  the  same  "History, 
&c:''  "Towards  the  end  of  sutumer,  1751,  a  number  of 
Protestants  arrived  at  Boston  from  Germany,  who  had  been 
enticed  from  their  native  country  in  consecpience  of  pompous 
advertisements  and  specious  promises.  About  fifty  families 
of  <he.se  strang(Ts  were  prevailed  upon  by  the  I^lymonth  Com- 
pany to  settle  under  their  jirotection.  They,  with  several 
others  of  Irish  ai:d  English  extraction,  were  condncted  to 
Kennebeck  by  Major  (lOodwin,  where  they  began  a  settlement 
upon  a  commodious  neck  of  land  op|)osite  to  Richmond,  and 
almost  thirty  miles  from  the  ocean. 

"  l?ut  before  they  could  enter  upon  their  voyage  to  the  East- 
ward winter  came  on  with  unconmion  severity,  and  it  was 
with  extreme  dilliculty  they  reached  Fort  Richmond,  about  the 
beginning  of  March,  17o:2.  In  order  to  secure  the  inhabitants 
of  this  new  plantation,  called  Frankfort,  from  any  disturb- 
ance, the  Plymouth  Company  agreed  to  erect  a  fort  about 
one  mile  and  a  (juarter  above  Richmond  on  the  eastern 
shore,  near  a  famous  carrying  place  from  the  Kennebeck  into 


NOTES, 


249 


Muiulooseotoock,  or  Eastern  River.  This  fortification  was 
named  Fort  Shirley,  in  honour  of  the  Governor;  a  wall  of 
palisndoes  enclosed  a  square  of  two  hundred  feet,  two  strong 
block  houses,  mounted  with  cannon  were  erected  at  opposite 
angles,  and  several  barracks,  for  the  reception  of  soldiers." 

Rev.  Mr.  Bailey  states  in  a  communication  to  the  Boston 
Ei'ctn'tii^  Post,  November  4th,  177^},  that  it  had  been  asserted 
"that  the  first  settlers  of  West  Pownalboro'  emigrated  from 
Franckfort,  in  (lermany,  but  upon  en(iuiry  it  appears  that  not 
a  single  family  came  either  from  that  city  or  its  jurisdiction. 
It  is  true  that  six  or  seven  families,  chiefly  of  French  Protest- 
ants, who  had  been  expelled  France  for  their  religion,  issued 
from  the  neighbouring  territories;  several  other  Dutch  Luther- 
ans were  collected  from  the  different  parts  of  the  Empire,  to 
which  we  may  add  a  number  of  families  from  about  Mount 
Billiard,  who  speak  a  dialect  of  the  I'rench." 

The  following,  extracted  from  Hawkins's  '' Missions  of  the 
Church  of  England,"  p.  53;'H),  is  inserted  here  to  show  that 
emigrations  from  the  same  part  of  l<'urope  just  mentioned, 
were  going  on  to  other  parts  of  the  British  American  Colonies, 
and  also  that  these  emigrants  .^'adily  conforme(lto  the  Church 
of  England.  "In  l7")'-i,  Mr.  Moreau"'  (a  Missiduary  at  Halifax, 
N.  S.)  "re|)orted  that  oOO  Protestants  of  the  Confession  of 
Augsbnrgh,  recently  arrived  in  Xova  !Sci>tiii  from  Montbeliiard, 
had  joined  thmselves  to  the  Church  <  •'  England,  and  desired 
to  j)artake  of  the  sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper.  They 
received  copies  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  in  French, 
with  the  greatest  aatisfaction,  which  they  showed  by  kissing 
the  books  and  Mr.  Moreau's  hand  as  he  distributed  them." 


\: 


'^m 


\  i  ^ 


MOTE  1), 

[I'agr  77.] 


It  seems  proper  to  record  such  information  as  is  preserved, 
concerning  the  first  Church  Missi«'iiary  that  officiated  cast  of 
Casco,  (now  Portland.) 
3d 


i" 


l!i 


m 


I 


250 


NOTES. 


Of  the  time  or  place  of  his  birth,  we  have  no  knowledge, 
nor  do  we  know  where  he  received  his  edncation. 

The  first  notice  we  have  of  him,  is  in  the  very  laborious  and 
correct  edition  of  Smith's  .Journal,  by  Wm.  Willis,  Esq.,  of 
Portland,  iMaine.  Mr.  Willis  says,  on  page  SJ3,  Note  1:  "In 
Novemiier,  (l7o())  the  Presbyterian  party  of  the  Irish  emigrants 
in  Portland,  installed  Rev.  William  McClanethan,  a  staunch 
suj)porter  of  that  persuasion  from  the  North  of  Ireland  ;  but 
they  were  unable  to  support  him,  and  he  went  to  Georgetown 
and  Brunswick  and  linally  to  Clu'lsea" 

The  following  is  copied  from  General  Sc'wall's  Hi.^rory  of 
Bath,  i)ublislied  in  collections  of  Maine  Historical  Society, 
Vol.  ii.  ]\  '>20.  s.  "The  Church  first  established  in  the 
County  of  Lincoln,  was  at  G(>orgetown.  The  members  were 
Presbyterians.  In  1734,'  Rev.  William  McLanathan  was  or- 
dained as  an  evangelist,  and  officiated  there  until  1774.  The 
house  of  worshi|)  was  near  tlie  Mansion  house  of  the  Irste 
Major  Lithgow  where  Mr.  McLanathan  usually  officiated, j 
btit  whether  Mr.  McLanathan  had  the  pastoral  charge  of  the 
church,  we  are  not  informed."  Divisions  arose  and  two  so- 
cieties were  established.  The  Pastor  of  the  second  Society, 
having  left  the  jilace,  Mr.  Mac  Lanathan  olliciated  for  both 
Societies  one  year,  on  a  salary  of  c£200. 

In  the  Church  Records  of  Chelsea,  Mass.  is  the  following: 
«  Oclo.  19///,  1747.  Voted,  that  the  town's  Committee  be 
desired  to  retjuest  and  agree  with  the  Rev.  Mr.  William  Mc. 
Clenachan  to  preach  for  the  further  term  of  two  months  on 
probation.*' 

On  the  13ni  of  April,  1748,  "Mr.  Mc  Clenachan  was  chosen, 
by  a  groat  majority.  Colleague  with  the  Rev.  Thomas  Cheever," 
Pastor  of  the  Congregational  Society  in  the  above-named 
town.     It  is  afterwards  stated  in  the  same  Records  that  the 


*  This  (liitp  cannot  be  reconciled  with  the  one  previously  given,  1736.  The  latter 
howcv(  r,  must  be  correct,  as  it  occurs  in  a  journal  of  daily  occurrences,  for  many  years 
kept  by  Rev.  Thomas  8\i  ith,  Pastor  of  the  first  ConRreRational  Parish  in  Portland. 

t  J  liere  is  reason  to  think  that  this  buildini;  was  not  erected  till  many  years  after- 
wards, and  then  for  tlic  servire"  of  the  Church  of  England.  Major  Lithgow's  house, 
■was  built  in  17(30. 


NOTES. 


251 


ii 


ing: 


,'er," 
ined 
the 


town  had  concurred  with  the  Church  in  the  above  choice  "by 
a  very  great  majority."  In  the  letter  prepared  to  iw  s(Mit  to 
the  Churches  invited  to  assist  in  the  installation  of  Mr.  Me.  C, 
he  is  spoken  of  as  "late  of  Blanford.''  The  installation  took 
place  on  the  21st  December,  I74><.  *  #  ♦  * 

'■'•  Dec.  Ixih,  17o4.  The  Church  met  by  appointment.  Rev, 
Mr.  Mc.  Clenachan  desired  the  Church  would  dismiss  him  from 
his  Pastoral  relation  to  lliis  Church,  and  insisted  thereon. 
Upon  which,  voted,  unanimously,  not  to  dismiss  him. 

'-'■  Dec.  '2'jlh,  17;")  I.  The  aforesaid  Mr.  JNIc.  Clenacfian  having 
dissolved  his  relation  to  this  Church,  by  leaving  them  contrary 
to  the  above  vote,  was  receiv(.'d,  contirmed,'  and  partook  of 
the  Lord's  Supper  under  the  establishment  of  the  Church  of 
England,  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Timothy  Cutler.''  f 

On  the  21pt  March,  17oo,  Mr.  Maclenachan  was  appointed 
by  the  Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel  iii  Foreign  Parts, 
as  their  Missionary  to  the  "Eastern  Frontier  of  Massachusetts 
Bay,"  and  his  salary  commenced  from  the  Cliristmas  j)rcced- 
ing.  Pie  must  have  been  in  London  previous  to  the  former 
date,  and  have  taken  t)rtl(!rs  in  the  Church  of  England.  He 
did  not,  however,  embark  for  Am(;rica  till  August  of  ihat  year. 
He  landed  in  Boston,  October  lOth  of  that  year,  and  remained 
there  during  the  following  winter,  assigning  as  a  reason  for 
this  course  that  he  did  not  think  it  safe  to  carry  his  family,  on 
the  eve  of  winter,  to  the  place  of  his  Mission,  where  no  house 
was  provided  for  them.  However,  in  May,  17'')(),  he  removed 
to  Fort  Richmond,  using  this  ruinous  structure,  a  part  of  the 
time  at  least,  as  an  habitation. 

"The  Society  (P.  G.)  on  complaint  of  his  delays,  had 
stopped  his  salary:  but  on  his  writing  from  his  Mission,  |)rom- 
ising  diligence  and  exj)ressing  his  hope  to  be  continued,  they 
restored  it  December  17o(j.  And  on  hi  •  requesting,  in  .June 
and  October,  1758,  to  be  removed,  the  Society  ordered  him 
£10  each  time  as  an  encouragement,  fearing  from  his  rcprc- 

*  It  can  hardly  be  necessary  to  remind  the  intelligent  reader  that  this  is  a  mistake. 
As  there  was  no  Protestant  Bishop  in  America  until  after  the  Itevolution,  of  course 
confirmation  could  not  be  administered. 

fUcctor  of  Christ's  Church,  lloston,  I'lass. 


11;  -m 


ill 


1 


.i-iti 


I    ^1 


.i.A ! 


h  :l 


m'( 


i  ■■■: 


252 


NOTES. 


scntations  that  a  successor  of  snilicioiit  resolution  and  activity- 
could  not  easily  be  got."  The  people  of  Frankf'^rt  statcv^  that 
he  did  not  stay  with  them  but  till  Dec.  17;')S.*  He  first  went 
to  Virginia,  then  to  Philadelphia,  "from  which  city  he  sent, 
June  !22d,  1759,  his  first  notification  to  the  Society  of  his 
resigning  his  Mission;  and  desired  to  have  his  salary  paid  till 
midsummer,  alleging  that  it  wanted  but  two  days  of  the  time. 
This  the  Society  granted  of  course:  not  suspecting  that  he 
had  left  the  place  of  his  Mission  six  months  before,  which  he 
ought  fairly  to  have  told  them.  And  thus  he  received  his 
salary  for  four  years  and  a  half,  besides  gratuities  of  £20,  and 
were  but  two  years  and  a  half  upon  his  post." 

Mr.  Maclenachan  thus  left  his  Mission  on  the  Kennebec  with- 
out the  usual  notification  to  the  Society  of  such  an  intention, 
and  accepted  an  invitation  to  some  church  in  Virginia,  but 
omitted  to  go  there,  "  though  he  had  received  such  marks  of 
favour,  that  he  ought  to  think  himself  obliged  to  serve  them." 

Shortly  after  his  arrival  in  Philadelphia,  the  Vestry  of 
Christ  C'hurch  in  that  city,  chose  him  assistant  to  the  Rector, 
Rev.  Dr.  Jenney. 

There  being  already  one  assistant  in  that  Church,  and  one 
previously  recommended  as  the  second,  the  Rector  declined  to 
sign  the  application  for  a  license  to  Mr.  McL.  and  signified  to 
the  Bishop  of  London  that  he  disapproved  of  the  candidate. 

In  answer  to  a  letter  of  the  Vestry  of  Christ  Church,  the 
Bishop  of  London  wrote,  March  26l!i,  1760,  refusing  to  give 
Mr.  McL.  the  license  desired,  for  the  reasons  stated,  whereupon, 
an  application  was  made  to  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  to 
obtain  from  him  what  had  been  desired.  This  was  accompa- 
nied by  a  letter  in  Mr.  Mcl/s  favor,  from  18  Presbyterian  Min- 
isters, convened  in  Philadelphia!  To  these  documents.  His 
Grace  replied  at  some  length  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  McL.,  under 
date  of  October  9th,  17(30. 

In  this  letter  he  points  out,  (among  other  things,)  the  ex- 


ii 


I 


i^:^  I 


*  "  Mr.  Mac  Clcnachan  oHiciated  amont?  us  but  a  little  while,  viz. :  from  May,  17.)6, 
to  Dec.  l~'i'i."—('opy  of  a  Pititiun  lo  t/te  !<odeti/  P.  G.,  among  Rcl:  Jacob  Bailci/'s 

Paper' a. 


NOTES. 


253 


tremo  itidelicacy  of  applying  to  him  in  a  matter  which  was 
entirely  within  tlie  jurisdiction  of  the  Bisiiop  of  JiOiulon,  and 
mildly,  yet  severely  rebukes  Mr.  INIcL.  for  his  conduct.  The 
Archbishop  says:  "ought  it  not  to  give  yon  a  further  distrust 
of  your  |)r()ceedings,  that  no  one  Clergyman  of  the  Church  of 
England  in  America,  hath  declared  himself  to  approve;  them  : 
and  that  the  Convention  of  Clergymen  which  met  at  Fhiladel- 
pliia  last  May,  have  strongly  expressed  their  disapprobation  of 
your  behaviour  both  in  that  Convention  and  out  of  it;  and 
have  signified  that  they  would  not  suffer  you  to  preach  in  any 
of  their  pulpits  ?" 

Mr.  Maclenachan  stated,  in  his  letter  to  the  Archbishop, 
"that  he  had  been  favoured  with  the  occasional  use  of  the 
State  House  in  which  to  olliciate,  and  was  followed  by  a  mul- 
titude of  people  of  all  denominations."  Mr.  Maclena(;han  is 
also  said  to  have  been  the  founder  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  in 
Philadelphia.  lie  probably  removed  shortly  after  to  New  Jer- 
sey, for  in  a  letter  from  the  Rev.  Colin  Campbell,  December 
26th,  17G1 ,  he  laments  "  that  his  congregation  at  Mount  Holly, 
which  was  very  nourishing,  has  been  hurt  by  some  enthusias- 
tical  people  of  Mr.  Maclenaghan's  parly,  who  pretend  that  Mr. 
Maclenaghan  is  the  only  preacher  of  Christ  in  America^  aid. 
all  the  rest  are  Antinomians."  But  from  another  letter,  writ- 
ten about  si.v  months  after,  by  Mr.  Campbell,  it  appears  that 
these  people  were  "  reduced  to  a  sense  of  their  sin  in  a  cause- 
less separation,  and  are  returning  daily  to  their  proper  fold." 

The  authoriti(;s  for  the  statements  in  the  lirst  part  of  this 
Note  have  been  given.  For  tin.'  facts  in  the  history  of  Mr. 
Maclenachan,  after  his  ordination  in  the  Church  of  England, 
and  for  some  of  the  language  used  in  narrating  tlu'm,  I  am 
indebted  to  a  letter  of  Archbishop  Seeker,  published  in  the 
"True  Catholic,"  No.  LXH.,  p.  80,  s.  s.,  and  No.  LXIH.,  p. 
129,  s.  s.;  also  to  Rev.  Dr.  Dorr's  "  History  of  Christ  Church, 
Philadelphia,"  p.  1 19,  120,  122,  and  Bishop  Doane's  «  Sermon 
at  the  Consecration  of  St.  Mary's  Church,  Burlington,  N.  .1.," 
Dec.  23d,  1S34,  p.  lo.  Note  *. 

That  Mr.  Maclenachan  was  a  man  of  an  ardent  tetn[)erament 
is  suliiciently  obvious  from  the  above  sketch.     His  uncommon 


1 


!:ri 


yi  i 


I  1 


254: 


NOTES. 


powers  of  pulpit  oratory,  testified  by  liis  admirers  and  those 
who  bore  witness  to  tlie  crowds  who  followed  him,  are  also 
acknowledged  in  the  traditions  remaining  of  him  in  the  town 
of  Chelsea,  where  he  passed  six  years.  But  these;  traditions 
are  unfavorable  to  him  in  other  respects.  The  writer  has  been 
assured  by  an  aged  and  intelligent  resident  of  that  place,  that 
when  he  was  a  boy  it  was  said  by  the  old  people  of  the  town, 
"  that  when  Mr.  Maclenachan  was  in  the  pulpit  he  ought 
never  to  come  out  of  it,  and  when  he  was  out  of  the  pulpit  he 
ought  never  to  go  into  it."  The  same  person  also  stated  that 
Mr.  Maclcnaclian  occasionally  indulged  in  the  excessive  use 
of  ardent  sj)irits.  Mr.  Maclenachan  had  been  settled  as  the 
colleague  of  Rev.  Thomas  Cheever.  Mr.  Cheever  died  at  an 
advanced  age  in  less  than  two  years  after  this  settlement.  As 
he  felt  called  upon  in  the  last  days  of  his  life  to  join  with 
others  in  "a  petition  to  the  General  Court  that  they  might  be 
erected  into  a  new  Parish,"  *  it  is  to  be  presumed  that  the  con- 
duct of  Mr.  Maclenachan,  even  during  the  early  years  of  his 
ministry  in  Chels»*a,  must  have  been  very  objectionable  to  the 
venerable  pastor  and  some  of  his  Christian  brethren.  We 
know  not  what  induced  Rev.  Dr.  Cutler  to  receive  Mr.  Mac- 
lenachan among  his  communicants.  He,  however,  must  after- 
wards have  regretted  his  agency  in  promoting  the  change  of 
Mr.  Maclenachan's  religious  relations.  Nor  was  the  time  of 
experiencing  this  regret  deferred  till  the  troubles  in  Philadel- 
phia, occasioned  by  him  in  whom  he  had  taken  such  an  inter- 
est. For  the  Archbishop,  in  the  letter  to  Mr.  Maclenachan 
whicli  iuis  been  spoken  of,  states  that  it  "  hath  been  reported 
that  you  had  hired  a  house  in  Boston  for  a  year,  and  that  you 
attempted  to  procure  a  settlement  in  Dr.  Cutler's  Church  till 
you  were  forbidden  his  pulpit."  Mr.  Maclenachan  seems  to 
have  deliberately  deceived  his  patrons  in  England,  by  obtain- 
ing from  them  a  salary  for  a  time  in  which  no  services  were 
rendered.  Tha  inlluencc  of  a  clergyman  of  such  a  character, 
could  not  have  been  beneficial  to  any  congregation,  and  while 
his  residence  on  the  Kennebec  must  have  been  irksome  to  his 


*Citel»e&  Town  Uecords,  Dec.  18th,  1749. 


i' 

i 

NOTES. 


255 


pride,  it  may  fairly  bo  presnincd  tlirit  he  did  little  to  recorn- 
iTiend  the  communion,  of  wliicth  he  was  a  minister,  1o  the  peo- 
ple of  his  charge,  or  to  promote  the  progress  of  morality  and 


religion. 


NOTE    I)^ 

In  the  following,  copied  f"om  an  Almanac  for  17()4,  it  will 
be  seen  that  the  usual  way  <;f  travel  in  the  region  of  the  Ken- 
nebec was  as  stated  in  the  ■.?:<[.  "  Long  Reach,"  there  named, 
is  the  present  city  of  Bath,  or,  more  strictly,  that  portion  of 
the  Kennebec  Rivr;  which  passes  in  front  of  that  city.  The 
traveller  could  pursue  his  journey  on  land  till  he  reached  that 
place,  when,  if  he  wished  to  go  further,  he  must  take  a  water 
conveyance.  Th(»  extract  will  also  |)rove  interesting,  it  is 
trusted,  as  enabling  the  reader  to  compare  the  way  of  travel- 
ling into  Maine  a  century  suice  with  that  which  now  exists. 
xVt  the  present  time  a  large  steamboat  leaves  Boston  for  the 
Kennebec  twice  every  week  in  the  summer,  while  ii  railroad 
conveyance  is  afforded  twice  every  day  to  the  same  region. 


ROAD  FROM  BOSTON  EASTWARD. 


Lynn — Norwood, 7     ,  Rintj, 

Saloni— Pratt, J^i   Falinoutli— Freeman,  .     .     .     . 

Wenliam — Porter, <>     New  Casco— Butinan,      .     .     . 

Ipswicli— Treadwell,       ....  (U   North  Yarmouth — Mitchell, 

Newbury  Bridge— Hale,     ...  74       "  "        —Woods,  Coffir 

Newbury— Davenport,  Clioalc,     .  4i   Brunswick— Rnss, 

IIami)tnn  Falls — Sanborn,  ...  7     ,  Thompson,      .     .     .     . 

Greeulnnd— Clark, !»4  (Jeorj^otown- Springer,    .     .     . 

Portsmouth — Stoodley,  Foss,  .     .  H 

Old  York — bifrrahain,     ....  !• 

Wells— Littlefield, 14 

,  Sturer, li 


Kennebuuk — Kimball,    ....  5 

Arundel! — Patten, 2 

Biddetbrd  — Ladd, 7 

Scarborough — Milliken, .     .     .     .  ti 


Ijo.vg  Rkach,  by  water, 

Pownalborongh — Lovejoy,    . 

Fort  Western, 

Fort  Iliihtax, 

Norrid;jewalk, 

(ireat  Carrying  I'lace,      .     . 
Chaudiere,  Quebec. 


TO 


6 

8 
8 
7 
G 
10 
4 
8 

15 
1(> 
17 
27 

;{o 


1[ 


1^ 


trn 
if 


256 


NOTES. 


NOTE   E. 

Petition    to   the    Society   for   Propagating   the    (lo.'^pcl   in 
Foreign  Parts: — 

"Rkvkrknd  Sir: — We,  the  inhabitants  of  Frajiekfort  on  the 
Kennebeck  River,  beg  h'ave  to  express  our  acknowledgments 
of  the  Society's  goodness  in  sending  a  Missionary  to  this  truly 
necessitous  place,  without  the  assistance  of  whose  cornjiassion 
we  and  our  posterity  are  in  danger  of  losing  all  sense  of  religion, 
or  else  of  being  seduced  by  Popish  Missionaries,  who  not  only 
have    been  industrious  heretofore  in  these  parts  in  seducing 
His   Majesty's    subjects  and  settlers  upon  this  Frontier,  but 
probably  upon  a  peace  will  revive  their  attempts.     We  there- 
fore humbly  pray  the  Society  will  be  pleased  to  supply  this 
Mission  now  vacant  by  the  removal  of  the  Reverend  Mr.  Mc. 
Clennachan,  who  indeed  ofliciated  among  us  but  a  little  while, 
viz.,  from  May,  1756  to  December,  1758,  though  we  did  every- 
thing in  our  power  to  make  his  continuance  easy.     We  are 
indeed  very  poor,  being  a  frontier  settlement,  hitherto  prevented 
from  cultivating  our  lands  to  advantage  by  being  exposed  to 
the  incursions  of  a  barbarous  enemy,  yet  we  shall  continue  to 
provide  for  a  minister  to  the  utmost  of  our  ability  if  the  Ven- 
erable Society  will  please  to  send  us  one.     Particularly  we 
shall  contribute  at  least  as  much  as  we  have  heretofore  done, 
which,  including  the  cultivated  land  and  estate  put  into  our 
former  Minister's  possession,  was  not  less  than  twenty  i^stlg. 
per  annum.     W^e  have  a  glebe  of  two  hundred  acres  of  good 
land,  and  as  soon  as  we  enjoy  the  blessings  of  peace  we  prom- 
ise to  build  a  Church  and  Parsonage  house,  and  till  that  happy 
time  comes  we  can  have  Richmond  fort  for  a  mansion  house 
for  the  Minister,  and  the  chapel  belonging  to  the  garrison  for  a 
church,  and  the  farm  round  the  fort  for  a  globe,  which  is  already 
under  cultivation  and  very  valuable.    We  hear  one  Mr.  Bailey, 
a  sober,  prudent  and  well  disposed  young  man,  is  willing  to 
undertake  this  Mission,  and  with  the  approbation  of  the  Rev. 
Clergy  of  Boston  will  proceed  to  England  for  Holy  Orders, 


NOTES. 


257 


and  oflbrH  himself  to  this  service.  We  priiy  the  Society  will 
favour  this  motion,  as  the  gentleman,  by  what  we  can  hear  of 
him,  will  be  likely  tt)  continue,  and  perhaps  spend   iiis  days 


among  us. 


Humbly  hoping  the  Society's  indulgence  to  this  t)ur  rc(|ucst, 
we  beg  leave  to  subscribe  ourselves,  Rev.  Sir, 

Your  very  distressed,  tho'  most  obliged 

and  obedient  servants, 

FkaNKIORT  0\   KF.\N'KTn;CK   lUVKK,  } 

Nov.  21,  175l».      i 
A  true  copy. 


Timothy  Wliiden. 

Ills 
MiirtinXI  Haley. 

mark. 
Abraham  Wyiuan. 
Samiiol  Mar.son. 
Stf'phon  INlarson. 
Simon  VVyman. 
Elias  (Micney. 
Abner  Marson. 
SaimiL'l  Hinds. 
Mauris  Wheeler. 

\m 
Mark  r<  Carney. 

mark. 
William  Storey. 
Abiathar  Kendall. 
Jonathan  Bryant. 
Francis  Ridall. 
Samuel  Oldham. 

his 
L;innis><1  Loins, 
mark. 

his 
Wm.  >^  Moor. 

mark. 
James  Goud. 
Jaccjues  Bunyon. 
Peter  Pechin. 
Frederick  Pechin. 
(Jeorgo  Pochard. 
Christojiher  Pochard. 

3:J 


Abraliam  Pochard. 
Adam  Couch. 
Amos  Paris. 
Jolni  Paris. 
Obadiah  Call. 
James  Widdcn,  Jr. 
Lazarus  Noble. 
David  Thomas. 

ills 
Joseph  'r^,  McFarling-. 

mark. 
Bcnj.  Noble. 
Daniel  (Joodwin. 
James  W^ynian. 
John  Henry  Layer. 
John  Peter  Shoul. 
John  Heron. 
John  Geor<ro  Goud. 
Charles  Fsfinay  Houdlet. 
George  Goud. 
Daniel  (ioud. 
Frederick  Jacqueen. 
Lndovicus  Cassimire  Mayer. 
Pliilij)  Mayer. 
George  IMnyor. 
Jolm  McGown. 
Michael  Stilpiien. 
Thomas  Low. 
John  Andrews. 
Daniel  Malbone. 
John  Pocl;ard. 
Pliilip  Fought. 


1'    ! 

Ji:  ' 


I!  I>4 


'I  ' 


r 
lit' 


I 


■i 


258  NOTKS. 

NOTK    F. 

The  fiiinlly  of  ]\Irs.  Balloy  were  ainonj^  llic  first  in  sot  -il 
rank  in  \hr.  Ilicn  Province;  of  New  lliunpsliirc.  Ilcr  fatli(>r 
\vas  a  physician,  and  also  a  colonel.  At  that  day  iirofcssioiml 
men  wen;  regarded  witli  a  dci^ree  of  estecMn  and  respect  whicji 
lias  now  to  a  i^reat  extent  diuiinished  and  military  ollice  brought 
an  extensive  intinenco.  l^esides  being  the  daugliter  of  a  gen- 
tleman so  favored  l)y  position,  the  family  of  Mrs.  ])ailey.  on 
the  mother's  side,  consisted  of  individuals  who  became  exten- 
sively known,  or  whose  descendants  performed  important  parts 
in  the  history  of  their  country.  It  is  thought  proper  by  the 
writer  to  add  the  genealogy.  He  is  indebted  for  it  to  .1.  Win- 
gate  'riiornton,  Esi].,  of  ]Joston,  Mass.,  a  descendant,  who  has 
prepared  a  very  full  and  accurate  genealogy  of  tin,*  Wingato 
family,  which  must  be  highly  interesting  to  all  persons  of  that 
name,  or  who  are  in  any  way  connected  with  that  family. 

JosniA  WiN(i.\TE,  born  at  Hampton,  N.  H.,  Feb.  2d,  HifiO; 
married  Nov.  9th,  1702,*  Mary  Tamt,  of  Newbury,  Mass.  (He 
commanded  a  company  at  the  siege  of  Louisburg,  C.  B.,  and 
was  afterwards  for  several  years  Colonel  of  Hampton  Regi- 
ment of  Militia.     Died,  Feb.  6th,  1769.) 

C/ti/drcn. 

1.  Rev.  Paine  Wingate,  m.  Mary  Balch.  Harvard  College 
1759 ;  afterwards  U.  S.  Senator,  and  Judge  of  Superior  Court 
of  New  Hampshire.     Died  in  1838. 

2.  Sarah,  m.  Dr.  Edmund  Tappan,  of  Hampton,  N.  H. 

3.  Mary,  m.  Deacon  Timothy  Pickering,  of  Salem,  Mass., 
father  of  Hon.  Timothy  Pickering,  grandfather  of  Plon.  .John 
Pickering,  the  distinguished  Lexicographer  and  Oriental 
scholar. 

4.  Joshua,  m.  Dorothy  Frees. 

5.  Jane,  m.  Rev.  Stephen  Chase,f  of  New  Castle,  N.  H. 


*  Also  Coffin's  History  of  Newbury,  p.  321. 
t  Spoken  of  in  the  previous  Memoir,  p.  12. 


Jff 


N  0  T  K  S . 


259 


1).   Al)ii,Mil,  ni.  J«)liii  Stickiicy. 

7.   Aiiiiii,  111. Miirstoii,  of  I[iim|)tt)ii,  N.  II. 

^<.  M(trl/i(i,  born   Marcli  '.W.   1 718,  ni.   Dr.  John    Wvrks,  of 
Ilaniploii,  \.  H.,  Nov.  10,  17137. 

9.  Love,  111.  Rev.  Natliaiiicl  (Jookin,  of  iraiiipton,  N.  IF. 

10.  Eli/abcth,  in.  Dr.  .loliii   Xcwiiian,  of  Newbury,  Mass. 

11.  .loliii,  born  .lannary  :24,  17:21-;');  liar.  (.'oil.    1711;  died 
at  lIaiii[)ton,  \.  II.,  Sept.  4,  lsl;2,  unmarried. 

4 

(8.)   IMaktiia  WiMiATi;  in.l)r..IonN  Wi;i;ks,  Hampton,  N.  II. 

Childrin. 

1.  .losliua    Win^ate,  m.  Sarah    Treadwell.     Ilec-tor  of   St. 
Alieliael's  (.'liureli,  Marbleliead,  Mass.,  &.e.  \'e. 
'2.  ('omfort,  m.  Dr.  Collin  Moore. 
\l.  Martha,  m.  IJenjainin  Randall. 

4.  Mary,  iii.  Adon  Nye.     '2(\  husband — liruckett. 

5.  Sakaii,  m.  Rev.  Jai'oh  Uailkv. 
C.  .John,  m. liraekett. 

7.  William,  m. llaynes. 

S.  Ward  Cotton. 

9.  Joanna,  in.  Folsoin. 

10.  Abigail,  "  dyed  an  infant." 


i 


NOTE    G. 

From  the  following  letter,  it  would  seem  that  one  Episcopal 
Clergyman  at  l(>ast  i)enetrated  into  the  remote  and  uncultivat- 
ed region  of  the  Kennebec.  The  season  of  the  year  when 
this  clergyman  made  this  journey  is  generally  so  unpleasant, 
that  we  are  the  more  surprised  at  his  undertaking. 

«  April  21st,  1763,  ) 
CJeor(;k  Town.  j| 

"  Rkv'u  Siii: — The  Rev.  Mr.  Jas.  Dormer,  from  So.  Caro- 
lina, but  last  from  Portsmouth  and  Casco,  will  call  upon  you 


% 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


.A 


/. 


^0 


^ 


^o 


v.. 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


|50     ^^ 

It?  124 


|25 
2.2 


I.    ^ 

WUu 

'U    IIIIII.6 


V] 


r 


7 


C?7I 


/^ 


Photographic 

Sciences 

(jDrporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


%'' 


T 


c^ 


260 


NOTES. 


in  a  few  Days.  A  Brother  Clergyman.  He  means  upon  the 
Esfab/is/inif'uf.  As  the  Winter  has  been  bad,  (and  conse- 
quently y"^  Journey  hither,  ahnost,  if  not  Altogether  Impracti- 
cable,) lie  will  olliciate  in  his  Journey  at  Go.  Toivn,  whi(!h 
may  possibly  be  an  Alleviation  to  you,  tkc.  He  will  proceed 
to  pay  his  compliments  to  you,  and  in  the  Interim 
Yr.  Unknown  Friend 

and  Brother  in  Christ, 

Jas.  Doumer. 
"  N.  B. — lie  produces  Satisfactory  Credentials  to  y"  princi- 
pal People  here,  and  takes  not  a  Farthing  for  Services  Done. 
"  To  The  Rev.  Mr.  Bailey,  at  Pownal  Borou^^-h.'''' 


M 


I: 


NOTE    H. 

[rage  104.] 

It  is  known  that  the  portion  of  the  Kennebec  Valley,  near 
Mr.  Bailey's  residence,  had,  in  former  years,  been  frequented 
more  or  less  by  Indians.  The  residence  of  the  Sachem,  Ken- 
iiebis,  from  whom  the  river  is  supposed  to  have  derived  its 
name,  "  was  upon  Swan  Island,  in  a  delightful  situation ;  and 
that  of  Abbagadussett,  between  a  river  of  his  name  and  the 
Kennebeck,  upon  the  northern  borders  of  Merry  meeting  bay."  * 
Both  of  these  localities  are  within  six  miles  of  the  former  site 
of  the  Parsonage-house  in  Pownalborough.  In  the  present 
town  of  Pittston,  but  a  few  miles  further  in  another  direction, 
two  old  burying  grounds  have  been  discovered.  The  mode  of 
interring  the  bodies  found  in  these  places,  shows  conclusively 
that  they  were  Indians.f 

These  facts  are  mentioned  as  an  introduction  to  the  follow- 
ing extract  from  a  MS.  "Geographical  description  and  Natu- 
ral History  of  the  Eastern  Country,"  written  by  the  subject  of 
this  Memoir: — 

"On  the  Western  side  of  the  Kennebeek,  about  thirty-two 
miles  from  its  exit,  there  is  a  round  hill,  which  rises  above  the 


*  Williamson's  History  of  Maine,  i.,  467. 


Ibid.,  493. 


NOTES. 


2()l 


surrounding  level  near  fifty  feet  perpendicular.  The  liill  is 
one  entire  pile  of  stonet*,  covered  with  herbage,  and  several 
stately  oaks,  which  make  a  fuw  appearance  from  the  water. 
There  is  some  probability  that  it  was  erected  by  art,  and  what 
conduces  to  confirm  this  opinion  is  that  not  a  singh;  stone  is 
to  be  found  on  the  adjacent  plains.  It  is  a  notetl  retreat  for 
serpents  and  other  ver'uin;  and  it  is  remarkable  that  two  hills 
of  a  similar  aspect,  and  the  same  materials,  may  be  seen  in 
Gardinerston,  about  three  miles  distant.  It  is  conjectured 
that  these  were  raised  by  the  natives  in  former  ages,  as  the 
monuments  of  some  distinguished  victory,  or  else  were  do- 
signed  to  cover  the  bodies  of  some  mighty  heroes.''  h\  a 
letter  to  Rev.  Jeremy  Belknap,  ]).  D.,  after  having  read  the  1st 
volume  of  American  Biography  by  that  writer,  Mr.  Bailey 
says:  "  I  had  for  more  than  twenty  years  been  making  collec- 
tions of  everything  curious  respecting  the  original  inhabi- 
tants, but  in  consequence  of  my  compulsory  emigralion  from 
Kennebec,  I  had  the  misfortune  to  lose  most  of  my  papers.  « 
*  *  I  have  observed  near  the  river  Kennebec  some  a|)pear- 
ances  of  Indian  antiquity."  lie  there  describes  tlu;  hills  before 
mentioned  nearly  in  the  terms  used  in  his  IMS.  "  (geographical 
description."  The  additional  ])articulars  are,  that  this  hill  was 
"about  forty  rods  from  the  river,"  was  "nearly  of  a  circular 
form,  and  its  base  may  occupy  half  an  acre,"  and  that  "the 
stones  of  which  it  is  composed  resemble  the  stones  on  tiie 
beaches  of  the  river."  lie  continues:  "In  Pownalborough, 
half  a  mile  from  the  river  Kennebeck,  I  enclosed  three  acres 
for  a  garden,  in  a  situation  rude,  rocky,  and  broken,  beyond 
expression.  There  was,  however,  a  spot  containing  about  half 
an  acre,  which  had  been  cleared  of  stones  at  some  distant  pe- 
riod; they  had  been  thrown  together  on  each  side,  and  growing 
in  these  heaps  were  found  hemlock  trees  of  an  enormous  size." 


w 


f 


:  : 


'i  \ 


if  r 


IS!'  ' 

'h,  -1 
r-i 

I 


I 


I 


f  f"  I 

Ilt'r,j: 


i!^ 


;r 


2()2 


N  O  T  K  S . 


NOTE    I. 

J'aHl'  110.] 

All  expedition  of  eleven  liniidred  men  under  Col.  IJenedict 
Arnold  had  been  detaelied  by  (Jen.  Washington  I'roni  Ihe 
army  at  Caml)ridge,  Mass.,  to  enter  Canada  by  the  way  of 
the  Kcnnel)e(!  and  Chaudiere  Rivers,  ihroiigh  the  wilderness  of 
Maine.  That  detaehment  in  a  number  of  small  vessels  entered 
the  ft)rmer  river  on  the  :20th  Se|)te!nber,  177o,  and  the  same 
evening  came  to  anehor  oj)|)osite  the;  fort  in  Pownalborough. 
About  eight  miles  higher  up,  the  transports  in  which  tin;  troops 
came  were  abandoned  for  l)atteaux,  which  had  been  built  for 
them  l)y  Maj.  Reuben  Colbourn.  Most  of  this  army  remained 
a  nuMd)er  of  days  at  Fort  Western,  in  the  present  town  of 
Augusta,  before  commencing  their  fatiguing  and  dangerous 
journey.  Mr.  Bailey's  Journal  for  September  of  this  year  is 
in  existence.  Entries  are  made  against  every  day  to  Sunday 
17th,  inclusive,  when  it  seems  that  he  had  a  congregation  of 
72  persons.  The  remaining  week  is  left  blank.  On  Sunday, 
24th,  GO  persons  attended  Divine  Service.  The  following 
week  is  also  left  blank.  The  Journal  of  the  next  month  is  as 
full  as  usual.  In  a  MS.  History  of  the  Eastern  Country,  Mr. 
Bailey  gives  a  tolerably  full  account  of  Arnold's  expedition 
after  the  arrival  of  the  soldiers  in  Kennebec,  but  his  statements 
do  not  vary  much  from  other  narratives.  As  blanks  are  left 
in  his  Journal,  as  above  noted,  on  tlie  days  when  the  troops 
were  in  his  neighborhood,  he  probably  absented  himself  from 
his  house,  and  his  information  must  have  been  derived  from 
other  persons. 

In  the  "History"  above-named,  Mr.  Bailey  says,  just  before 
giving  the  account  of  the  expedition  against  Canada:  "  It  was 
not  long  before  that  party  of  Norridgewocks,  which  Colbourn 
had  allured  to  the  army,  ([uitted  their  station  in  disgust  and 
returned  to  Kennebeck,  finding  more  satisfaction  in  ranging 
the  streams  and  the  forests  than  in  all  the  boasted  freedom  of 
Congresses  and  Continental  armies." 

This  conte,  iporary  statement  confirms  an  account  given  to 
the  writer  of  the  present  Memoir  some  years  since,  by  one  of 


NOTES. 


263 


the  oldest  settlers  in  Kennebec.  His  aeeoiinl  was  eoMiiuuni- 
cated  to  S.  (J.  Drake,  Es(|.,  and  is  notieed  in  '> 'I'lif  Hoo!;  of 
the  Indians,"'  Ei<,dith  Edition,  lioston:  ISII.     Hool*  iii.  p.  150. 


NOTE    .). 

ri'aj:!-  117  •■, 

"  On  the  7tl>  of  October  another  special  conn  \v;ir-  convened 
at  I'ownalboro'  for  the  trial  of  Tories,  when  Mr.  .lones  and 
eight  others  belonging  to  N'assalboro*,  witli  >rr  IJIancliard, 
of  Woolwich,  were  brought  prisoners  b«'forc  ilic  aliovc-iiien- 
tioned  judges.  Mr.  Langdon  undertook  to  plead  in  favor  of 
the  criinii'.als,  and  his  character  being  so  dislinguislicd  in  the 
})resent  times,  the  court  n^adily  admitted  him  to  engage,  con- 
ceiving that  so  strenuous  an  advocate  for  Anierieati  measures 
could  oiler  nothing  disagreeable  to  their  IL)iiors. 

'•  But  in  this  opinion  They  (piickly  perceived  iliemselves  mis- 
taken, for  Langdon,  in  his  applicatit)ns  to  TJie  jury,  discovered 
an  inclination  to  humanity  and  justice,  for  which  friendly 
exertions  he  received  a  most  severe  rei)rimand  both  from  IJow- 
man  and  Arnold;  the  former  even  threatened  him  with  the 
lawless  vengeance  of  a  niol). 

" 'i"li(^  first  person  admitted  to  trial  w^as  oiii'  Mr.  liallard 
against  wdiom  there  appeared  nothing  but  a  fcxv  words  express- 
ing his  attachment  to  the  King  and  goveriunent,  under  which 
he  was  educated.  The  matter  being  debated  with  great 
solemnity  and  illnatun*  by  the  court,  it  w^as  at  length  conunit- 
ted  to  the  decision  of  the  jury,  as  an  atl'air  of  the  utmost 
importance  to  the  security  and  salvation  of  the  country.  'J'he 
jury  would  have  presently  found  this  harmless  person  guilty 
of  tri'asonable  designs  against  the  American  States,  and  have 
sentenced  him  to  a  perpetual  expulsion  from  his  estate,  his 
family,  and  his  friends,  had  not  Mr.  John  Patten,  his  brother 
and  son  been  more  compassionate  than  the  rest.  This  wn)rthy 
man  alleged  that  he  could  not,  without  oH'ering  viohMice  to 
integrity  and  conscience,  consent  that  a  neighljour  should  be 
sent  several  thousand  miles  into  banishment  for  no  other  crime 
than  a  few  expressions  unfavourable  to  our  publick  proceed- 


204 


NOTES. 


t  )''i 


I   'I 


Wl 


iiip^s.  "Both  parties  wore,  liowcwcr  dotcriiiincd  not  to  resign 
llic  coiilcst,  l)ut  inarki'd  tin*  altercation  with  mutual  obstinacy 
for  twenty-two  hours.  h\  the  eonciusion  they  |)resented  them- 
selves hefon^  tilt;  court  and  desired  their  interpretation  of  this 
(|nestion:  'Is  spealving  a  few  exceptioniii)le  words  eounter- 
actiiii^  th<'  stru^fii;les  of  the  Americai-.  States  for  freedom?' 

"  The  jndij;es  all  replied  that  every  inadvertent  word,  or  any 
expression  that  tended  to  censun;  th"  American  measures  was 
certainly  cotmteracting  them,  except  Justice  North,  who  added 
that  'even  thinking  or  conceiving  that  the  ])ul)lick  administra- 
tions were  unjust  or  injurious,  was  evidently  a  crime  which  de- 
served the  severe  sentence;  of  transportation.'  Such  stupid  and 
ini(piitous  decisions  as  this  must  excite  the  indignation  of  every 
honest  man,  and  ins])ire  the  most  hearty  contempt  of  the  j)resent 
government,  and  plainly  evinces  that  it  is  founded  in  absurdity 

and  cruelty.     These  explanations  of  the  law  gave   no 

satisfaction  to  the  Pattens,  but  rather  confirmed  them  in  their 
opinion.  The  elder  endeavouring  to  support  his  sentiments  i)y 
some  (pu)tatioiis  from  the  (Jospel,  was  silenced  by  a  (piick 
reply  from  Jus1ic(;  llobly:  'Sir,  W'c  have  nothing  to  do  with 
Scripture  in  this  place,  but  must  form  our  determinations 
agreeable  to  the  laws  of  the  state!'  The  judges,  perceiving 
that  they  had  not  a  jury  agreeable  to  their  designs,  tlismissed 
the  court,  and  though  J\Ir.  Jones  and  the  other  prisoners  had 
been  at  great  exj)ense  they  refused  to  admit  them  to  trial,  and 
in  conclusion,  bound  them  over  to  appear  on  the  4th  Novem- 
ber, k(;eping  them  during  the  interval  under  the  cruel  torments 
of  anxiety  and  suspense.  It  is  observable  that  when  Justice 
North  espied  the  Pattens  entering  the  court,  he  was  heard  to 
say,  '  We  shall  not  be  able  to  carry  our  point,  while  we  have 
such  indexible  men  upon  the  jury,'  and  Mr.  Bowman  declared 
'that  these  honest  men  shall  either  be  persecuted  by  the  mob, 
or  else  prosecuted  as  enemies  to  their  country.'  The  arbi- 
trary proceedings  of  thesi;  magistrates  alarmed  several  consci- 
entious people,  who  perceived  themselves  obnoxious,  and  some 
to  avoid  their  unjust  and  merciless  tyranny,  abandoned  their 
habitations  and  families  and  lied  out  of  the  country  to  more 
distant  parts  of  the  Province. 


NOTES. 


265 


"  Among  the  number  we  may  reckon  Mr.  John  Carlton,  of 
Woolwich,  who  had  been  cleared  by  an  unanimous  vote  of 
the  town,  but  was  pursued  by  a  warrant  from  these  inexorable 
and  avaricious  judges.  He  had  the  good  fortune  to  conceal 
himself  from  their  malicious  scrutiny,  till  the  season  of  perse- 
cution was  over. 

"  Mr.  Stinson,  of  the  same  district,  was  pursued  by  the  same 
virulent  combination,  but  arming  himself  to  rcf^ht  the  ollicer 
who  attempted  to  break  into  his  house  with  violence,  his  wife 
was  so  terrified  at  the  commotion  that  she  fell  in  travail  and 
quickly  expired. 

[The  account  of  the  troubles  of  Rev.  J.  Bailey  at  this  time, 
is  inserted  in  the  Memoir,  pj).  117-119.] 

"On  the  seventh  of  November  a  third  Tory  Court  was  held 
at  Pownalborough,  but  no  jury  ai)pearing,  the  magistrates  were 
obliged  to  adjourn  to  the  sixteenth  of  December.  The  town 
of  Vassalborough,  in  the  meantime  being  touched  with  a  little 
compassion,  reconsidered  their  votes  and  excluded  Mr.  Ballard, 
the  Moors,  and  the  Towns  from  further  trial,  on  condition  of 
their  defraying  all  former  expenses,  which  amounted  to  one 
hundred  dollars  apiece. 

"No  evidence  at  all  appeared  against  Mr.  Blanchard,  and, 
when  the  sixteenth  of  December  arrived,  the  day  appointed 
for  the  trial,  as  Justice  Howard  was  attempting  to  begin  his 
journey  from  Fort  Western,  he  encountered  a  terrible  fall  upon 
the  ice,  by  which  accident  he  was  so  wounded,  that  his  attend- 
ance at  Court  was  prevented,  and  there  being  no  other  of  the 
Quorum  to  supply  his  place,  Court  was  adjourned  without 
day,  and  as  the  'Transportation  Act'  expired  on  the  liist  of 
January,  nothing  further  could  be  attempted  with  respect  to 
Mr.  Jones. 

"  In  the  beginning  of  winter  our  persecuting  rebels  were 
engaged  in  another  employment,  which  for  a  season  engaged 
their  whole  attention.  Capt.  Callahan,  being  driven  away  by 
their  unjust  and  cruel  persecutions,  they  determined  to  take 
advantage  of  an  obscure  act  of  the  present  government  to 
seize  his  estate.  The  act  upon  .which  they  proceeded  was 
expressly  confined  to  such  persons  as  had  absconded  and  left 
34 


w 


T 


i^# 


IF'  ^ 

III  * 


i 
iff' 


m 


ii; 


in;; 


■i 


266 


NOTES, 


the  country  in  debt;  but  Callahan,  before  his  departure,  had 
taken  care  to  settle  all  his  alFalrs,  and  there  was  not  a  single 
person  who  had  any  demand  upon  his  estate.  Bowman,  how- 
ever, as  Judge  of  Probate,  proceeded  to  administer,  having 
first  taken  every  method,  both  by  himself  and  his  creatures,  to 
irritate  Mrs.  Callahan.  Some  of  the  messages  which  were 
sent  to  this  worthy  woman  were  not  only  highly  illiberal,  but 
scandalously  low,  dirty  and  obscene.  No  gentleman  would 
chuse  to  treat  a  female  of  an  infamous  character  in  so  scandal- 
ous a  manner;  yet  this  man  is  considered  as  an  eminent  magis- 
trate, and  would  be  ofl'ended  if  represented  otherwise  than 
really  genteel  and  polite.  But  how  such  conduct  can  be  recon- 
ciled with  the  profession  of  Christianity  and  the  knowledge  of 
letters,  or  the  principles  of  humanity,  I  cannot  conceive.  Mrs. 
Callahan  was  summoned  into  a  Probate  Court,  where  Bow- 
man sat,  swelling  in  gloomy  solemnity,  surrounded  with 
accusers  and  other  dark  and  designing  instruments  of  his  in- 
dignation. Each  one,  by  his  language  and  appearance  had 
divested  himself  of  every  humane  and  tender  sentiment,  their 

principal  concern  was  to  display  a  savage  roughness  and , 

in  order  to  intimidate  people  and  worry  the  iimocent  object  of 
their  depredations. 

"This  lady  was  required  by  the  Justice  to  render  in  an  ac- 
count upon  oath,  of  all  her  lands  and  efl'ects,  but  she,  being 
properly  instructed  by  Taylor,  her  attorney,  refused  to  comply, 
upon  which  refusal.  Bowman  ordered  her  immediately  to  pris- 
on ;  she  then  appealed  from  his  sentence  to  the  Council  in 
Boston,  having  first  procured  sufficient  bondsmen  to  prosecute 
the  appeal:  but  notwithstanding  this  security,  the  Judge,  by 
his  sovereign  authority  proceeded  to  appoint  Justice  Thwing 
to  settle  the  estate.  The  latter,  having  received  his  commission, 
took  to  his  assistance  as  appraisers,  Samuel  Emerson,  a  pro- 
fessed enemy  to  Capt.  Callahan,  Richard  Kidder,  a  ductile 
tool  of  the  faction,  and  Philip  Call,  a  neighbour,  who  had  re- 
ceived repeated  favors  from  the  obnoxious  family.  These  men 
entered  upon  there  office  with  uncommon  alacrity,  and  were 
determined  to  exceed  both,  law  and  justice,  as  well  as  human- 
ity, in  the  execution  of  their  trust.     They  seized  the  very  flax 


¥ 


NOTES. 


267 


which  Mrs.  Callahan  had  raised  and  dressed  with  her  own 
hands,  the  fowls  about  the  door,  and  even  a  canary  l>ird  and 
tlio  cage.  Such  a  mean  and  unmanly  littleness  distinguished 
all  the  proceedings  of  our  magistrates,  such  a  boyish  and  un- 
generous spirit  of  revenge  appeared  in  the  whole  of  their  con- 
duct, as  must  render  their  memory  the  contempt  b  horrence 
of  all,  who  have  any  remainder  of  virtue  and  humanity  in 
their  composition.  Mrs.  Callahan  was  so  allected  with  their 
barbarous  treatment  that  she  could  not  endure  to  tarry  in  the 
country,  and,  in  order  that  she  might  have  it  in  her  power  to 
obtain  justice  from  the  General  Court,  she,  set  out  for  Boston, 
a  journey  of  about  one  hundred  and  seventy  miles,  about 
Christmas,  the  snow  being  very  de(*p  and  the  weather  extremely 


severe. 


» 


NOTE    K. 

[Pages  128  and  17H.J 

A  poem  of  some  forty  stanzas,  on  his  leaving  the  scene  of 
his  labors,  was  written  by  Mr.  Bailey,  probably  about  the 
time  when  that  event  occurred.  It  gives  a  tolerably  vivid  pic- 
ture of  the  scenery  near  his  residence,  and  enumerates  many 
pleasing  objects  which  owed  their  culture  to  his  own  industry. 


1^  till 

■I!:! 


A  FAREWELL  TO  KENNEBECK, 
Junk,  1779. 

Adieu,  ye  fair  domestick  scenes 

Of  balmy  sweets  and  ilowery  greens 

And  yond'  aspiring  grove ; 
Farewell,  ye  smiling,  chearful  seats, 
Ye  solitary,  calm  retreats 

Of  innocence  and  love. 

No  more  your  gentle  beauties  rise. 
No  longer  to  my  wishing  eyes 
Their  pleasing  charms  impart; 


11 


I 


m 


\f' 


m 


]  i 


I 


t* 


■V 

■■■V. 

ii 
It 


w 


•if 

I 

ill 


268 


NOTES. 


Since  doom'd  in  foreign  lands  to  roam 
Far  distant  from  my  much  lov'd  home, 
With  anguish  at  my  heart. 


Again  my  mournful  song  pursue, 
These  grateful  objects  still  in  view, 

And  every  rising  scene  ; 
My  eye  with  pleasing  anguish  meets, 
This  artless  group  of  blended  sweets 

Array'd  in  virgin  green. 

When  first  the  blushing  morn  arose 
To  rouse  me  from  the  night's  repose 

My  cares  were  fixed  on  you ; 
With  rapid  haste  I  wandered  forth 
To  mark  the  progress  of  your  growth 

Amidst  the  glittering  dew. 

And  when  the  fair,  declining  day 
Darted  his  horizontal  ray 

To  stain  the  distant  hills, 
I  felt  the  gentle  vernal  breeze 
Rush  in  soft  murmurs  thro'  the  trees 

And  play  along  the  hills. 

Taught  here  to  wonder  and  adore 
The  wisdom,  goodness  and  the  power 

Which  in  these  beauties  shine, 
I  learned  my  glowing  heart  to  raise 
In  humble  gratitude  and  praise 

To  the  Great  Source  Divine. 

Adieu,  to  all  my  pleasing  toil; 
No  more  to  smooth  the  rugged  soil 

I  spend  the  happy  hours ; 
No  more  employ  my  hand  and  care 


NOTES. 


269 


Along  tljo  winding  walk  to  rear 
The  tender,  smiling  flower. 

No  more  for  me  the  lovely  rose 
Her  open  blushing  eharnis  disclose, 
Nor  breathes  her  sweet  perfume ; 
I  now  renounce  my  boasted  skill 
To  plant  the  snowy  daffodil, 
•  Nor  teach  her  where  to  bloom. 

See  there  the  humble  crocus  bring 
The  earliest  tribute  of  the  spring 

Amidst  surrounding  snows ; 
And  there  the  columbine  is  seen 
In  richest  robes  of  cheerful  green 

Adorn'd  with  various  hues. 


Behold  that  parti  colour'd  bed 

Of  pinks,  their  grateful  odours  shed 

To  please  on  every  side ; 
The  spotted  lily  towers  on  high 
And  spreads  her  glories  to  the  sky 

In  fair,  majestic  pride. 

In  yondf^r  walk  let  us  survey 
The  oi)ening  tulip,  proud  and  gay. 

In  naked  beauty  rise ; 
Foe  to  the  shelter  of  a  shade, 
She  stretches  her  defenceless  head, 

Ting'd  with  unnumber'd  dies. 

See  there  reviving  to  the  sense. 
Emblem  of  infant  innocence, 

Pansies  of  different  hue ; 
Here  maiden  violets  strike  the  sight, 
In  yellow,  or  the  purest  white, 

Or  dressed  in  heavenly  blue. 


■I  i 


^^ 


f'i 


iM 


270  NOTES. 

Tlien^  stuiitls  the  bright  imrnortiil  flower 
.  In  clumps  ulung  the  bending  shore 

Crown'd  with  a  silver  pluiiu^ 
Amidst  the  biting  frosts  an(!  snows, 
With  undiminisb'd  lustre  glows, 

In  one  eternal  bloom. 

There  pushes  forward  into  view 
The  mighty  wonder  of  Peru 

Exulting  from  the  ground; 
Blossoms  of  scarlet,  snow  and  gold 
Mix'd  with  their  gloomy  leaves  unfold 

And  spread  their  glories  round. 

Behold  a  plant  majestic  rise, 
Erect  and  tow'ring  to  the  skies, 

Shaggy  and  rough  to  sense, 
He  stares  with  round,  expanded  face 
Full  on  the  sun's  meridian  rays. 

Picture  of  impudence. 

The  poppies  here  in  rich  array 
The  boldest,  glaring  tints  display 

Of  summer's  glowing  pride ; 
The  radiant  aster,  soft  and  clear, 
The  latei^t  blossoms  of  the  year, 

From  me  their  splendours  hide. 

Ye  trees  which  'round  the  borders  stand, 
Planted  by  my  laborious  hand. 

And  nurs'd  with  fondest  care, 
I  view  the  swelling  fruit  which  grows 
In  clusters  on  your  pendant  bougiis, 

Delicious,  rich,  and  rare. 

But  I,  by  stubborn  fate's  decree, 

Am  doom'd  your  grateful  shades  to  flee 


f 


NOTES. 


271 


rl 


With  sorrow  most  profoniul ; 
Lo,  there  the  hostile  sons  of  war, 
With  fierce,  indignant  rage  prepare 

To  tear  you  frona  the  ground. 

Ye  lofty  pines  that  tower  on  high, 
That  wave  and  threaten  in  the  sky, 

'Till  wintry  storms  deseenti, 
And  while  the  winds  tremendous  war 
In  all  the  rage  of  hostile  power, 

Before  the  tempest  bend. 

There  hemlocks  rear  their  Infty  head. 
And  wide  their  f^haggy  hranche  i  spread, 

In  gloomy  j^ride  abound  ; 
While  from  their  trnnk?  '.  e  solrmn  owl, 
Responsive  to  the  wolves'  grim  hovvl, 

Makes  all  the  woods  resoiuul. 

With  reverent  awe  my  eyes  puisne 
That  ancient  oak  in  open  view 

Extending  wide  his  artns; 
With  thunders  oft  thou  didst  engage, 
And  stood  the  loud,  conflicting  rage 

Of  all  the  northern  storms. 

In  pensive  thought  I  often  rove 
Thro'  the  tall  forest  and  the  grove, 

When  vernal  beauties  rise; 
And  when  the  summer's  charms  decay 
I  then  your  trembling  leaves  survey, 

Stain'd  with  autumnal  dies. 

Teach  me,  ye  Muses,  to  describe 
The  wonders  of  the  winged  tribe 

And  sing  their  power  to  please. 
While  music  from  their  artless  throats 
In  tender,  wild  harmonious  notes 

Mix  with  the  whispering  breeze. 


I 


1;  M'l 


V'l^ 


:'■- 


,i 


I 


f\ 


ll 


272  NOTES. 

Adieu,  ye  plains  and  mossy  rocks, 
Frequented  by  the  browsing  flocks; 

And  yonder  distant  iiiils. 
Ye  fountains  clear  and  m.irmuring  floods. 
That  stream  along  the  dusky  woods, 

Or  fall  in  tinkling  rills. 

Ye  verdant  banks  of  Kennebeck, 

Which  numerous  plants  and  flowers  bedeck, 

Thou  great  majestick  stream, 
To  swell  whose  silent,  sullen  tide 
A  thousand  lesser  rivers  glide, 

No  more  my  favorite  theme. 

Oft  have  I  seen  thy  waters  pour. 
And  with  rough  horrors  foam  and  roar 

Adown  the  precipice, 
And  with  impetuous  fury  force 
Along  the  winding  shores  its  course 

To  mingle  with  the  seas. 

My  throbbing  heart  with  sorrow  glows 
And  feels  a  multitude  of  woes. 

When  thro'  yond'  shady  trees 
I  view  that  solemn  House  of  Prayer, 
And  at  tiie  sight  let  fall  a  tear 

My  anguish  to  appease. 

Rejoic'd  to  see  each  others  face, 
We  met  in  this  devoted  place 

To  learn  the  heavenly  way. 
Till  impious  and  insulting  foes 
With  mad,  envenom'd  zeal  arose 

Their  vengeance  to  display. 

Those  sturdy  sons,  who  never  fear 
The  hottest  wrath  of  Heaven  to  dare. 
Who  glory  in  their  shame, 


if 

wr 


tii 


NOTES. 


273 


Forbid  that  we  our  hearts  should  raise 
In  public  prayer  and  songs  of  praise 
To  the  Eternal  Name. 

I  feel  a  thousand  anxious  fears, 
And  oft  bewail  in  silent  tears 

My  friends'  unhappy  fate, 
Involv'd  in  scenes  of  deep  distress, 
Expos'd,  despairing  of  success, 

To  Whigs'  revengeful  hate. 

In  fervent  strains  I  must  implore 
The  smiles  of  that  propitious  Pow'r 

Who  pities  human  woes; 
May  He  attend  your  plaintive  grief. 
Afford  protection  and  relief, 

And  bless  you  with  repose. 

O  Lord,  with  speedy  justice  rise 
And  frown  upon  these  enemies 

To  virtue's  sacred  name, 
But  save  the  honest  and  the  good, 
And  fill  the  sons  of  rage  and  blood 

With  penitence  and  shame. 

Once  more  with  heavy  parting  sighs 
We  roll  around  our  misty  eyes ; 

My  partner  calls  to  mind 
Her  babes  beneath  the  heaving  ground, 
And  mourns  and  weeps  with  grief  profound 

To  leave  their  dust  behind. 


NOTE    L. 


[Poge  191. j 


The  name  of  Capt.  1 .3nry  Mowat  is  still  disliked,  if  not 
detested,  by  many,  on  account  of  his  commanding  the  expe- 
dition which,  in  Oct.,  1775,  reduced  Falmouth,  now  Portland, 
3d 


ft 


1    I 


i!l 


m 


■  -i; 
.1,- 

llti. 


HI 


274 


NOTES. 


to  ashes.  It  may  be  well  to  say,  in  passing,  that  Mr.  Bailey 
was  on  a  visit  at  that  place  at  the  time  it  was  burned,  and 
that  he  has  left  a  written  account  of  the  transaction,  which 
throws  a  fuller  light  upon  it  than  is  contained  in  the  published 
narratives,  as  it  relates  occurrences  that  were  either  unknown 
to,  or  suppressed  by,  those  who  have  heretofore  undertaken  to 
describe  it. 

Although  Capt.  Mowat  acted  upon  positive  orders  from 
Admiral  Graves,  in  burning  Falmouth,  yet  he  has  been  con- 
demned with  as  much  warmth,  as  if  he  merely  gratified  his 
own  private  antipathies. 

And  the  historian  of  Maine*  publishes  a  letter  written  by 
this  ollicer  to  the  people  of  the  place  doomed  to  destruction,  in 
which,  by  italicising  words,  he  evidently  wishes  the  reader  to 
notice  that  ignorance  was  a  characteristic  of  the  writer  as 
well  as  cruelty.  All  this  may  be  as  has  been  thus  represented. 
But  as  an  act  of  simple  justice  to  the  memory  of  Capt.  Mowat 
the  following  letter  to  Mr.  Bailey,  which  accompanied  the 
child  of  the  former,  is  here  inserted.  The  reader  mav  be  as- 
sured  that  it  is  copied  exactly  as  it  was  written.  Reminding 
him,  that  according  to  the  usage  of  that  time,  many  more  words 
began  with  capital  letters  than  at  present,  the  letter  is  submit- 
ted to  his  perusal,  that  he  may  decide  whether  or  not  is  it  the 
production  of  a  brutal  or  ignorant  man. 

"Halifax  the  11"^  Aug*.  1782. 
"Rev".  Sir, 

1  have  for  some  time  been  in  expectation  of 
receiving  Your  answer  to  my  Letter  by  Mr.  Lovett  on  the 
Subject  of  my  Child;  but  having  been  given  to  understand  by 
him  and  other  friends  of  yours  that  I  may  assure  myself  of 
your  receiving  my  Boy,  I  have  at  last  determined  to  send  him, 
and  I  have  made  choice  of  his  going  by  water,  as  I  cannot 
accompany  him  myself  by  land — a  satisfaction  I  wished  much 
to  have  enjoyed,  and  what  I  have  had  in  view  for  a  long  while, 
but  being  now  within  a  few  days  of  leaving  this  for  York  in 
my  way  for  England,  will  prevent  me  the  pleasure  of  seeing 

*  Williamson's  History  of  Maine,  ii.  435. 


NOTES. 


275 


you  and  that  of  delivering  up  my  Dear  Child  into  your  care, 
which  I  now  do,  with  all  the  endearing  and  tender  feelings  of 
a  Father,  earnestly  requesting  you  to  receive  him  in  that  light. 
His  Aunt  accompanies  him  in  the  desire  of  seeing  him  safe 
with  you,  and  I  shall  leave  directions  with  Mr.  Thompson  (one 
of  his  Guardians)  to  pay  you  the  Charge  of  his  Yearly  Board 
and  Education :  every  other  necessary  will  be  sent  to  him  by 
Miss  Peak  and  other  friends,  whom  you  will  be  pleased  to 
correspond  with  in  my  absence.  I  have  sent  a  Black  Servant 
of  my  own  in  order  to  assist  you  in  the  care  of  him.  This  man 
has  been  mine  for  the  last  8  years,  and  I  hope  he  will  behave 
so  as  to  become  useful  to  you  as  weli  as  the  child,  and  I  have 
laid  my  Commands  on  him  to  obey  you  the  same  as  myself, 
and  not  to  do  anything  or  move  from  your  House  without 
your  leave.  Whatever  Quarter  my  professional  Duty  may 
call  me  will  not  prevent  my  Corresponding  with  you,  and  I 
beg  you  will  write  often,  and  put  your  Letters  under  Cover  to 
Alex"".  Thompson,  Esq^  at  Halifax,  and  he  will  forward  them 
to  James  Sykes,  Esq"".  Crutched  Friars,  London,  where  they 
will  be  taken  care  of.  The  indulgence  of  a  very  tender 
Mother  and  other  friends  over  the  Boy  I  am  fearful  may  occa- 
sion you  and  Mrs.  Bailey  more  trouble  before  he  forgets  i^ 
than  I  wish  he  should,  but  I  hope  in  time  his  natural  disposi- 
tion will  appear,  and  so  far  as  may  be  comprehended  from  his 
infant  years  I  am  in  hopes  he  will  not  give  more  than  what 
may  be  expected.  The  wind  coming  favourable  this  morning 
hurries  me  in  hopes  of  the  Vessels  getting  away.  My  respect- 
ful Compliments  wait  on  Mrs.  Bailey,  I  present  the  same  to 
you  and  am, 

Rev'd  Lear  Sir, 


Your  most  obedient 

Humble  servant 


H.    Mo  WAT. 


^ 


Rev.  Mr.  Baileij,  Annapolis. 


>» 


It  should  be  stated  that  the  chirography  of  the  above  letter 
is  such  that  it  would  be  creditable  to  any  person. 


11 


'!) 


n 


ii 


\M 


Mh 


I   ; 


!  i 


rw-?-,^-»"'^«| 


ir: 


APPENDIX. 


1 


iilf 


ST.  JOHN'S   CHURCH,  POWNALBOROUGH. 

Of  those  who  may  have  been  interested  in  this  narrative, 
some,  doubtless,  will  be  desirous  to  learn  the  history  of  St. 
John's  Parish,  Pownalborough,  after  Mr.  Bailey's  departure. 
At  that  time  both  the  church  and  parsonage  were  standing. 
It  is  necessary  to  mention  this,  since  a  somewhat  different  im- 
pression has  prevailed.  Among  other  mis-statements  made  in 
a  newspaper  article  in  July,  1848,  is  the  following :  '•  Then 
they"  (i.  e.  the  Whigs)  "took  the  remedy  into  their  own  hands: 
they  demolished  the  church,  tore  down  the  priest's  house,  and 
drove  him  out  of  town."  An  exploit,  (which,  if  it  ever  hap- 
pened,) would  no  doubt  have  conferred  all  due  honor  on  the 
valiant  actors  in  it!  The  article  continues:  "  He  and  Episco- 
pacy never  appeared  there  afterwards." 

We  will  now  state  some  of  the  facts  in  the  case : — Nathan- 
iel Bailey,  brother  of  the  subject  of  this  Memoir,  removed  into 
the  parsonage  house  immediately  after  it  was  vacated  by  its 
former  tenants,  in  June,  1779,  and  remained  in  it  nearly  a  year. 
Major.  Samuel  Goodwin  wrote  to  Mr.  Bailey,  under  date  of 
Pownalborough,  June  9th,  1784.  This  letter  contained  a  sub- 
scription paper,  which  he  wished  Mr.  Bailey  to  circulate  in 
order  to  collect  funds  for  the  purpose  to  be  mentioned.  The 
paper  states,  that  "  after  Mr.  Bailey  went  away  some  persons 
began  to  take  the  windows  out  of  St.  John's  Church,  Pownal- 
borough, and  did  carry  one  off,  so  we  were  obliged  to  take  all 
the  rest  down.     The  house  is  stripped  and  running  to  ruin. 


'II 


i  :ii 


Mi'l 


Pi  ■! 

if'' 


f 


it  ^    . 


If 

Ir 

i 


'it' 


!!': 

1  ■ 
11, 

i  ' 

1 
I 

278 


APPENDIX. 


If  not  repaired,  both  church  and  house  will  be  lost.  "We 
being  a  frontier  town,  arc,  by  the  late  wars,  reduced  so  low 
that  we  are  not  able  to  repair  them  without  the  charity  of  our 
good  friends  to  help  us."  The  same  person  also  wrote  to  Mr. 
Bailey,  October  -'ith,  1785:  "  Our  church  is  all  going  to  pieces, 
the  roof  is  coming  down,  the  rafters  and  beams  broke  with 
heavy  snows  last  winter.  What  application  can  we  make  to 
Dr.  Seabnry?  I  wrote  to  the  Rev.  Sam'l  Parker  for  advice 
last  year,  but  no  answer."  Under  date  of  .Tune  7th,  1787, 
Major  Goodwin  writes:  "John  Sylvester  (.Tohn)  Gardiner 
reads  prayers  and  sermons  on  the  Lord's  day." 

This  appears  to  be  the:  last  intelligence  concerning  Mr.  Bai- 
ley's Parish  on  the  Kennebec  during  his  life.  It  will  be  re- 
membered that  while  he  resided  there,  attempts  had  been 
made  at  more  than  one  time  to  establish  a  Congregational 
Society  in  that  part  of  the  town.  But  iwenty-two  years 
elapsed  after  his  departure  before  this  measure  w  is  ejected. 
A  meeting-house  for  this  denomination  was  built  a  jout  a  mile 
distance  from  the  site  of  St.  John's  Church.*  Their  first  and 
only  minister  remained  with  them  about  twenty-five  years, 
and  then  left.  The  house  has  at  various  times  since  been  oc- 
cupied by  Universalists.  Previous  to  this,  i.  e.,  in  1794,  this 
part  of  the  township,  which  was  called  the  West  Precinct  of 
Pownalborough,  was  incorporated  into  a  town  by  the  name  of 
Dresden*.  The  other  portions  were  called  Wiscassetl,  and 
New  Milford,  (till  changed,  in  1811,  to  Alma.) 

Within  a  few  years  a  small  settlement  has  grown  up  about 
three-fourths  of  a  mile  easterly  of  the  spot  formerly  occupied 
by  St.  John's  Church.  Near  this  settlement  a  small  Methodist 
meeting-house  has  been  built,  and  a  "  Union  meeting-house" 
has  been  erected  in  this  village. 

On  Whitsunday,  June  11,  1848,  Evening  Service  of  the  P. 
Episcopal  Church  was  held  in  the  Union  meeting-house  spok- 
en of  by  the  Rt.  Rev.  George  Burgess,  D.  D.,  who  had  been 
consecrated  the  year  previous  as  the  "first  Bishop  of  the  Dio- 


*  Although  this  Society  was  incorporated  in  1703,  it  was  not  till  1801  that  the  Con- 
gregational Church  was  organized  and  llev.  Freeman  Parker  was  ordained. — Green- 
kitf'i  Eccl.  Sketches,  p.  151. 


I 


ArrENDix. 


279 


cese  of  Maine.  Arrangements  were  also  made  for  the  cstab- 
lisTiment  of  a  Sunday  School  under  the  charge  of  a  Candidate 
for  Orders. 

During  the  long  interval  which  followed  the  last  perform- 
ance of  the  services  of  the  church  in  this  town,  the  territory 
occupied  by  the  church  building,  and  that  reclaimed  from  the 
wilderness  for  a  garden  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bailey,  had  relapsed 
almost  into  its  primitive  state.  The  foundations  of  the  sacred 
edifice  are  still  visible,  as  are  also  the  rough  Hat  stones*  erected 
at  the  graves  of  the  old  parishioners.  The  cellar  of  the  par- 
sonage is  still  distinctly  to  be  seen.  The  company  which  had 
given  the  land  embracing  the  territory  named,  and  a  glebe,  had 
closed  their  concerns.  After  their  right  to  this  property  had 
been  legally  determined  it  was  sold,  and  the  income  was  to 
be  applied  to  the  support  of  an  Episcopal  minister,  when  one 
should  be  settled  in  Dresden,  and  until  then  to  a  resident 
Congregational  minister.  The  minister  of  this  denomination, 
before  alluded  to,  enjoyed  the  benefit  of  this  fund  for  a  time. 
On  the  cessation  of  that  persuasion,  the  fund  was  left  to  accu- 
mulate, ready  for  its  originally  intended  use. 

The  new  Parish  of  St.  John's,  Dresden,  was  organized  in  the 
presence  of  the  Bishop  of  the  Diocese,  January  26th,  1849,  and 
admitted  into  the  Union  with  the  Convention  of  Maine  at  its 
next  session.  Rev.  Edwin  W.  Murray  was  appointed  Mis- 
sionary to  this  Parish,  and  entered  upon  his  labors  in  October 
of  the  year  last  named. 

In  1850  the  ladies  of  Christ  Church,  Gardiner,  presented  to 
St.  John's  Church  a  set  of  Communion  Plate,  an^l  a  handsome 
Bible  and  Prayer  Books  for  the  desk. 

Rev.  Mr.  Murray  resigned  the  Rectorship  of  the  Parish  in 
1850,  and  his  place  was  supplied  by  Rev.  W.  H.  C.  Robertson. 
After  an  absence  of  two  years  Mr.  Murray  returned,  and  is  now 
engaged  in  this,  his  first  field  of  labor. 

On  the  17th  of  November,  1852,  the  "  Union  meeting-house," 
before  spoken  of,  w^as  consecrated  to   the   worship   of  God, 


:■  Wf 


'.I 


f';    V 


*  The  grave  of  one  of  the  last  Vestrymen  of  St.  John's  ha^  white  marble  grave 
stones.    One  of  them  is  inscribed  as  follows :  Mr.  George  Goud,  died  May  18,  182G, 


t  III 


m 


m 


f 

ii; 

i 

{ .'ill 

ft'' ' 

';'!  '■ 

■  1 

1 

nj' 

i 

■  "a 

I 


280 


APTENDIX. 


according  to  the  rites  and  usages  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal 
Church.  On  this  occasion  the  Bishop  of  tiie  Diocese  preach- 
ed from  1  Kings  xviii.  30:  "And  he  repaired  the  altar  of  the 
Lord  that  was  broken  down." 


CHURCH  AT  GEORGETOWN. 

"The  town  of  Georgetown  was  incorporated  in  1718,  and 
then  included  all  the  territory  within  the  present  limits  of 
Bath,  Woolwich  and  Phipsburg."*  Fort  St.  George,  erected 
by  the  colony  of  1607,  was  in  the  present  town  of  Phipsburg. 
That  fort  contained  a  church.  Thus  it  will  follow  that  the 
Episcopal  Church,  which  was  formed  in  the  last  century 
within  the  bounds  of  ancient  Georgetown,  as  above  described, 
may  be  considered  as  the  legitimate  successor  of  the  first 
Protestant  congregation  which  ever  existed  in  the  Northern 
United  States. 

The  notices  of  this  Church,  scattered  throughout  the  fore- 
going Biography,  and  the  sketches  of  the  Rev.  Messrs.  MacClen- 
nachan  and  Wheeler,  in  the  Notes,  contain  nearly  all  the  infor- 
mation that  it  has  been  possible  to  gather  of  the  condition  of 
this  Parish  up  to  the  time  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bailey's  leaving  the 
country.  The  following  is  the  only  report  that  Mr.  Wheeler  is 
known  to  have  sent  to  England  : — 

"  The  Rev.  Mr.  Wheeler,  in  his  letter  of  Nov.  20th,  1769, 
acquaints  the  Society  that  his  Parish  extends  near  twenty 
miles  westward  and  twelve  miles  eastward.  That  there  arc 
about  200  families ;  some  Presbyterians,  some  Independents, 
and  some  Papists.  His  people  have  erected  the  frame  of  a 
church  since  his  coming;  he  has  statedly  preached  twice  on 
Sundays,  besides  giving  lectures  on  week  days,  and  has  bap- 
tized twenty-eight  children." 

The  mention  of  the  church  building  in  the  above  extract 
reminds  us  to  speak  of  its  locality.  The  Kennebec  River  runs 
in  a  very  direct  course  by  the  present  city  of  Bath.     This  fea- 

*  Maine  Historical  Collections,  ii.  202. 


:i  f 


APPENDIX. 


281 


turo  of  the  river  at  this  place  caused  the  territory  on  Its  banks 
to  be  called  by  the  early  settlers  Long  Reach.  At  some  dis- 
tance below  the  city  the  Kennebec  turns  suddenly  at  right 
angles,  and  then  quickly  resumes  its  previous  southerly  course. 
It  was  at  this  |)oint  that  the  church  spoken  of  was  erected. 

The  family  of  the  Lithgows,  some  of  whom  were  conspicu- 
ous ill  the  colonial  times  in  this  part  of  the  Province,  erected, 
in  176G,  a  spacious  and  what  was  then,  doubtless,  considered 
to  be  an  elegant  mansion  very  near  the  church.*  Some  years 
since  the  house  and  farm  |)assed  into  other  hands.  When  the 
present  proprietors  took  possession  of  their  property  the  church 
was  standing.  They  describe  the  church  as  "  a  low  building, 
with  a  double  lloor,  but  no  marks  of  j)ews  upon  it.  The  only 
ornament  was  a  simple  beading  upon  the  tie  beams."  The 
churchyard  has  been  ploughed  uj),  and  barns  and  barnyards 
occupy  its  place.  The  church  itself  was  used  as  a  barn,  till  a 
portion  of  it  having  blown  down  and  killed  a  valuable  animal, 
the  remainder  of  the  building  was  demolished.  The  sacred 
edifice  was  situated  but  a  few  rods  from  the  river,  some  dis- 
tance from  any  settlement.  This  fact  shows  that  in  the  ab- 
sence of  any  county  roads,  the  river  was  the  highway  of  the 
inhabitants,  and  the  small  boat  their  usual  means  of  travelling. 
Tradition  still  commemorates  the  pious  life  and  conversation 
of  a  lady  of  the  Drummond  family,  who  was  baptized  in  this 
church,   and  who  has  but  recently  deceased. 

Within  three  miles  of  the  site  of  this  church,  and  in  the  city  of 
Bath, an  Episcopal  congregation  has  been  gathered,  which  has 
attained  to  a  considerable  degree  of  strength  and  prosperity,  and 
now  occupies  a  church  building,  which  was  consecrated  January 
19th,  1>^'j3.  It  is  to  be  hoped  that  it  may  prove  to  be  the  con- 
tinuation of  the  former  Church  in  Georgetown,  as  the  new 
parish  in  Dresden  is  the  resuscitation  of  St.  John's  Church, 
Pownalborough.  Should  this  be  so,  the  ante  Revolutionary 
churchef;  in  Maine,  will,  after  a  long  interval,  again  exist,  con- 
ferring their  blessings  upon  some  of  the  descendants  of  these 
who  formerly  worshipped  in  the  words  of  the  same  liturgy. 


*  Uev.  Mr.  '.Vheeler  resided  for  a  while  in  the  Lithgow  house,  as  appears  from  one 
of  his  I'.-tteis  to  III  ?.  Jacob  Bailey. 

36 


J 

I 
1 

f 
I 

i ; 

It    I 


1 

1 

n 

1 1 

rr 

282 


APPENDIX. 


ST.  PAUL'S   CHURCH,  PORTLAND. 

All  tlio  information  which  the  present  writer  has  of  the 
early  history  of  Episcopacy  in  the  above  place,  is  derived 
from  a  daily  Journal,  kept  by  Rev.  Thomas  Smith,  Pastor  of 
the  First  Congregational  Society  of  Falmouth,  which  was  the 
ante  Revolutionary  name  of  a  township,  part  of  which  now 
forms  the  city  of  Portland.  His  Journal,  with  the  very  full 
Notes  of  William  Willis,  Esq.,  in  his  edition,  1849,  have  fur- 
nished most  of  the  material  for  the  following  account. 

In  the  summer  of  1751,  (iovernor  Shirley,  accompanied  by 
several  persons  of  distinction,  embarked  at  Boston  in  the 
Province  frigate  Massachusetts,  for  the  purpose  of  meeting  the 
Norridgewock  Indians  at  Falmouth,  and  forming  a  treaty 
with  them.  Rev.  Charles  Brockwell  was  then  Assistant  Minis- 
ter of  King's  Chapel,  Boston,  a  Church  in  which  Gov.  Shirley 
was  a  worshipper.  Mr.  Brockwell  was  probably  in  the  company 
which  attended  the  Governor.  The  Journal  before  spoken  of 
contains  the  following: — 

^^  June  26,  1754.     The  Governor  got  in  this  morning. 

*''■  June  30.  (Sunday.)  Parson  Brockwell  preached  here, 
A.  M.,  and  carried  on  in  the  Church  form. 


m 


,!:; 


'it ,  I 


tit-- 


m^ 


^^July  14.     Mr.  Brockwell  preached." 

More  than  nine  years  passed  away  and  no  further  notice  of 
the  Episcopal  Church  is  to  be  found. 

Nov.  4th,  1763,  forty-one  persons  entered  into  a  written 
agreement  to  procure  a  lot  of  land  and  to  build  "a  meeting- 
house for  Divine  Service."  In  Jufi/,  of  the  following  year,  an 
increased  number  expressed,  in  writing,  under  their  hands, 
their  desire  "  that  the  worship  to  be  carried  on  in  said  house 
should  be  agreeable  to  the  laws  of  Great  Britain." 

"/m///  23,  1764.  The  new  meeting  men  had  a  meeting  and 
declared  for  the  Church.  They  have  been  in  a  sad  toss  since 
the  Parish  meeting,  and  made  great  uproar,  getting  to  sign 
for  the  Church.     They  began  to  frame  the  house. 

"  Aug:  31.     There  is  a  sad  uproar  about  Wiswell,  who  has 


ArrENDix. 


283 


declared  for  the  Churcli,  and  accepted,  (a  day  or  two  Hince,) 
of  a  call  oar  Churchmen  have  given  him  to  be  their  minister. 

^^  Sept.  2.  [Sunday.)  A  great  day  tiii.s.  Mr.  Hooper* 
preached  to  our  new  Church  people,  and  baptized  .several 
children. 

"  Sei)t.  2(1.  The  corner  stone  of  the  Ciinrch  was  laid  by 
the  Wardens,  who,  with  their  ofFieers,  were  chosen  lo-diiy. 

"  St'jd.  9.     Mr.  Wiswell  preached  in  the  Town  House. 

"  Sept.  30.  Mr.  Wiswell  {reached  in  the  Court  House  to- 
day to  a  small  company. 

"  Oct.  S.  Mr.  Wiswell  sailed  in  the  Mast  ship,  Capt.  Haggett," 
(to  England,)  for  Episcopal  Ordination. 

Mr.  Wiswell  returned  from  England  and  commenced  his 
labors  in  St.  Paul's  Parish.  In  the  conflagration  of  the  town 
in  1775,  by  Capt.  Mowat,  the  church  was  burned  and  the  min- 
ister left.  The  services  of  Mr.  Parker,  as  lay  reader,  were 
engaged  in  1785  and  continued  for  about  two  years.  Mr. 
Thomas  Oxnard  succeeded,  and  officiated  in  a  similar  capaci- 
ty for  the  next  five  years.  After  him  Mr.  Joseph  Hooper 
acted  as  lay  reader  for  about  a  year.  These  services  were 
held  in  hired  rooms  till  1787,  when  a  wooden  church  was  l)uilt. 

After  the  discontinuance  of  Mr.  Hooper's  services,  there 
were  no  regular  exercises  until  1797,  when  Rev.  Jose|i!i  War- 
ren took  charge  of  the  Parish  and  remained  till  1800.  Rev. 
Timothy  Hilliard  succeeded  him  the  next  year  and  continued 
as  minister  till  1809. 

During  the  incumbency  of  Mr.  Hilliard,  in  1803,  the  wooden 
church  was  abandoned  for  one  built  of  brick.  After  Mr. 
Hilliard's  resignation,  there  were  occasional  services,  only,  for 
some  years.  Rev.  G.  W.  Olney  officiated  during  the  summer 
of  1817.  Rev.  P.  S.  Tenbroeck  was  instituted  in  1818,  and 
was  Rector  for  the  succeeding  thirteen  years.  He  was  fol- 
lowed, after  two  years  intermission,  by  Rev.  G.  W.  Chapman, 
D.  D.,  who  left  in  1835. 

Rev.  A.  H.  Vinton  was  Rector  a  few  months  till  about 


*  Rev.  William  Hooper,  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  who  Mr.  Smith  says,  Aug, 
0,  "  came  here  yesterday." 


1 

n 

1  i   ' 

!           i 

i  i  fi 


i''\^\%^ 


f 


w 


284 


APPENDIX. 


Easter,  1830.  Kev.  Thomas  M.  Clark  odiciatcd  during  the 
Bumnn'r  of  that  year  and  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  .lohn  N. 
French,  who  continued  during  the  n«'xt  three  years.  In  1S39, 
St.  Paul's  Parish  having  become  embarrassed,  Bt.  Stephen's 
Parish  was  Ibrmcd.  The  property  of  tlie  former  was  purchased 
by  the  latter  society.  Rev.  James  Pratt  became  Rector  in 
1840. 

In  IH'*)!,  a  second  Parish  was  organized  in  Porthmd  under 
the  name  of  St.  Luke's,  of  which  Rt.  Rev.  Horatio  Southgate, 
D.  D.,  was  the  lirst  Rector. 


f^ 


11^ 


'1   I  i 


If;!?- 


I  i 


\  ■ 

.  'Hi 

1  • 

1 

I'l. 

i  '■  ■' 

'  t,-    ' 

!■!■ 

1 

1 

1  1 

1 

CHRIST  CHURCH,  GARDINER. 

To  Dr.  Sylvester  Gardiner  this  Church  is  indebted  for  its 
origin  and  liberal  patronage.  He  erected,  at  his  own  exj)ense, 
a  church  and  parsonage  in  1772,  which  was  dedicated  by  Rev. 
Jacob  Bailey,  August  16th,  of  that  year.  The  church  had  a 
spire,  but  was  unfmished  at  the  time  of  the  American  Revolu- 
tion. It  would  seem  that  it  also  was  furnished  with  a  bell, 
for  at  the  Easter  meeting,  in  1773,  of  King's  Chapel,  Boston, 
it  was  voted  "  that  the  old  bell,  with  the  Appurtenances 
be  given  to  the  Saint  Ann's  Church,  Gardinerston."*  In 
1793  a  Parish  was  incorporated  by  the  name  of  the  Epis- 
copal Society,  in  Pittston,  that  name  having  been  previously 
given  to  the  town  which  had  been  incorporated,  embra- 
cing lands  on  both  sides  of  the  Kennebec  River.  As  soon 
as  the  Parish  was  incorporated  the  executors  of  Dr.  (lardiner 
proceeded  to  complete  the  church  edifice,  and  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Warren  was  chosen  Rector.  The  church,  yet  incomplete, 
was  burned  by  an  insane  person.  Another  edifice  took  its 
place  shortly  after,  which,  though  only  partly  finished,  was  oc- 
cupied for  public  worship.  Rev.  Mr.  Warren  left  in  1796,  and 
he  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  Mr.  Bowers.  Mr.  Bowers  removed 
to  Marblehead  in  1802.  In  the  summer  of  that  year  Mr.  N.  B. 
Crocker   read   prayers  three  months.     In  1803  that   part  of 

♦Greenwood's  History  of  King's  Chapel,  p.  132. 


APPENDIX. 


285 


Pittston  lying  on  the  west  side  of  the  Kcimeljce  River  was 
iiieorporated  into  a  new  lown  by  the  name  of  (Jartliner.  Rev. 
Samuel  Haskell,  Rector  of  Christ  Church,  Hoslon,  became 
Rector  of  this  Parish  in  JH03,  and  left  in  IHOl).  The  church 
was  closed  for  ihe  following  year,  when  it  was  opened  under 
the  ministrations  of  Mr.  Aaron  Humphrey,  a  Methodist  min- 
ister, who  more  than  a  year  afterwards  was  admitted  to  Ht»ly 
Orders.  Mr.  Humphrey  left  in  181 1.  Rev.  Mr.  Leonard,  of 
Vermont,  ofliciated  in  the  latter  part  of  1HI.'>.  Rev.  (J.  W. 
Olney  became  Rector  in  October,  1817.  His  popularity  was 
so  great  that  a  larger  church  building  was  retpiired  in  a  short 
time.  About  this  time  an  act  was  obtained  changing  the 
name  of  the  Parish  to  Christ  Church,  (Jardiner. 

Me  new  and  elegant  structure,  l)uilt  of  stone,  was*  conse- 
era.  ..d  October  I9rh,  18:i().  Its  cost  was  rising  $14,000,  and  the 
land  occupied  by  it  was  given  to  the  Parish.  Mr.  Olney  re- 
signed the  Rectorslii|)  in  the  s|)ring  of  1820,  and  was  succeeded,  • 
temporarily,  by  Rev.  13.  C  C.  Parker,  who  was  followed  by 
Rev.  E.  M.  P.  Wells.  In  the  autumn  of  1827,  Mr.  Wells  re- 
signed the  Parish,  and  lay  reading  was  again  resorted  to  for  a 
short  time.  The  Rev.  T.  S.  W.  Mott  olliciated  for  a  few 
weeks  in  the  latter  part  of  this  year,  l)ut  on  account  of  ill 
health  he  withdrew  to  the;  south.  The  Rev.  William  Horton 
was  minister  during  the  winter,  and  in  the  spring,  Rev.  N.  M. 
Jones  olliciated  for  a  few  weeks.  In  September,  1828,  Rev. 
Mr.  Mott  was  instituted  as  Rector  of  the  Parish,  but  his  health 
was  such  that  he  returned  again  to  the  south,  having  olliciated 
but  one  Sunday.  Rev.  Lot  Jones  was  engaged  to  supply  Rev. 
Mr.  Mott's  place  during  his  absence.  Mr.  Jones  left  in  May, 
and  was  immediately  succeeded  by  Rev.  Isaac  Peck.  Mr. 
Mott  having  resigned  the  Parish,  Mr.  Peck  was  chosen  Rector 
in  April,  1830.  In  October  of  the  following  year  Mr.  Peck  re- 
signed his  Rectorship.  In  the  spring  of  1831,  Rev.  Joel  Clap 
took  charge  of  the  Parish,  and  held  it  nine  years,  when  he  re- 
moved from  the  State.  Rev.  William  R.  Babcock  entered 
upon  his  duties  as  Rector  in  October,  1840.  He  resigned  his 
office  in  1847,  and  was  succeeded  by  Rt.  Rev.  George  Burgess, 
D.  D.,  first  Bishop  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the 
Diocese  of  Maine. 


'  I'll 


I 

i        '1 

i 


>! 


I 


mi 

If'.- 1  < 


m 


IH.  I 


ill' 


llili 


I 


r  1 


■1 ,!  < 

1 

I-  '   .  ^ 

!      -j  -       . 

:.  ■•< 


286 


APPENDIX. 


KITTERY. 


A  church  building  was  erected  in  that  part  of  Kittery  now 
called  Elliot,  near  the  banks  of  the  Piscataqua,  and  about 
six  miles  from  Portsmouth.  Rev.  Arthur  Brown,  Rector  of 
Queen's  Chapel,  in  the  last  named  place,  occasionally  offici- 
ated in  this  church,  and  reported  to  the  Venerable  Society  that 
in  Kittery  there  were  fifteen  communicants  of  the  Church  of 
England.  For  many  years  Mt.  Brown  received  from  the  Ven- 
erable Society  .£15  sterling  per  annum  for  officiating  at  Kit- 
tery, in  addition  to  <£60  sterling,  his  stipend  as  Missionary  at 
Portsmouth.     Mr.  Brown  died  in  1773. 


The  "  New  England  Historical  and  Genealogical  Reg'ster," 
contains  (vol.  iv.  p.  38)  the  following  article : — 

"  The  following  is  the  inscription  upon  the  tomb-stone  of 
the  Minister  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Kittery,  near  Elliot, 
which  Church,  it  is  supposed,  became  extinct  at  the  time  of 
his  death.     The  grave  is  in  a  fieiu  belonging  to  Mr.  Fernald. 

"'Here  Lyes  Buried  the  Body  of  the  Rev'd  Mr.  John  Eve- 
leth,  who  departed  this  Life  Aug.  1st  Anno:  Dom  :  1734,  aged 
65  years.' 

"  Epitaphs  from  South  Berwick,  &c.,  communicated  for  the 
Register,  by  Mr.  John  S.  H.  Fogg,  of  South  Berwick,  Me." 

Mr.  Eveleth  was  not  a  clergyman  of  the  Episcopal  Church. 
The  following  is  stated  on  the  authority  of  Rev.  Joseph  B. 
Felt,  Librarian  of  the  Massachusetts  Historical  Society  : — 

"  Rev.  John  Eveleth  was  the  son  of  Joseph  Eveleth,  who 
belonged  to  Ipswich,  Mass.  He  was  graduated  at  Harvard 
College  in  1689,  preached  as  a  Congregational  minister  at 
Manchester,  Mass.;  was  ordained  in  that  denomination  at 
Stow  in  1700,  dismissed  in  1717,  settled  at  Kennebunk  Port, 
dismissed  1729,  and  was  at  the  latter  place  1782." 

The  compiler  of  the  present  Memoir  would  not  have  in- 
serted this  Note  were  it  not  that  a  tradition  is  current  in  the 
neighborhood  of  Mr.  Eveleth's  burying  place,  similar  to  the 
statement  furnished  to  the  N.  E.  Historical  and  Genealogical 


APPENDIX. 


287 


Register, 


As  the  article  copied  from  the  Register  may  tend 
to  extend  and  perpetuate  an  erroneous  idea,  it  seemed  desira- 
ble to  correct  it  in  a  work  treating  of  the  Ecclesiastical 
History  of  Maine. 


PROSPECT. 

Williamson  says,*  in  speaking  of  the  town  of  Prospect:  f 
"  Before  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  Thomas  Goldthwait  and 
Francis  Bernard,  son  of  the  Governor,  took  from  the  Waldo 
proprietors  a  grant  of  2,700  acres,  near  the  southerly  part  of  the 
town ;  in  consideration  of  which,  they  engaged  to  settle  thirty 
families  and  an  Episcopal  minister,  and  to  build  a  church. 
They  did,  indeed,  rear  a  small  brick  chapel,  and  attempt  a  set- 
tlement; but  being  Tories,  they,  in  the  war,  left  their  country 
and  forfeited  their  property.  The  plantation  continued,  and 
in  1784  there  were  in  Prospect  twenty-four  families."' 


REV.  WILLIAM  W.   WHEELER,  MISSIONARY  AT 

GEORGETOWN. 

The  subject  of  the  following  notice  was  the  son  of  William 
Wheeler,  and  was  born  at  Concord,  Mass.,  Dec.  24th,  1734.  He 
WEft  a  classmate  of  Rev.  Jacob  Bailey.  In  Mr.  Bailey's  Journals, 
during  the  time  he  was  in  college,  mention  is  made  of  a  visit 
he  paid  to  Mr.  Wheeler's  family.  This  and  subsequent  notices 
show  that  the  father  of  this  gentlen.an  was  possessed  of  a 
large  farm  in  Concord,  and  one  of  his  daughters  is  described 
as  a  young  lady  of  talent,  and  considerable  literary  attainment. 

On  the  18th  November,  1765,  Mr.  Bailey  wrote  to  Rev.  Mr. 
Caner,  minister  of  King's  Chapel,  Boston,  as  follows:  "  Since 
the  Society  have  determined  to  send  a  Missionary  to  George- 
town, I  would  intreat  you  to  look  out  for  some  suitable  gentle- 


J  lit 


Vi 


*  History  of  Maine,  Vol.  ii.,  p.  5Go. 

+  Pr>-spcct  is  on  the  Penobscot  RiTcr,  near  its  mouth. 


w 


^ 


.]'•< 


m 


I  I 


!S.:i 


i'- 


;:l 

1  ' 

1 

.*    ! 

j  l' 

\ 

i,  ■ 

i 
J 

¥ 

;    * 

ft  ' 

'         '     1 
'      1 

-i 

i" 

li^kJ 

288 


APPENDIX. 


man,  that  we  may  recommend  for  Orders  as  soon  as  possible. 
I  have  wrote  to  one  Mr.  Wheeler  of  Concord,  a  classmate  of 
mine,  who  several  years  ago  was  inclined  to  the  Church.  He 
sustains  a  good  character,  and  it  is  probable,  he  will  soon  wait 
upon  you  for  directions." 

From  a  letter  from  Mr.  Wheeler,  dated  Concord,  Dec.  5th, 
1765,  the  following  is  taken.  After  expressing  his  friendly 
sentiments  towards  the  Church  of  England,  he  says  "I  am 
constrained  to  return  this  answer,  viz.:  that  if  the  proposals 
you  mention  are  strictly  and  absolutely  complied  with,  viz.: 
if  the  people  of  Georgetown  will  enter  into  bonds  to  furnish 
the  Missionary  with  £20  sterling  per  annum,  and  a  dwell- 
ing-house, (fcc,  beside  the  ,£50  sterling  granted  by  the  Soci- 
ety, I  say,  I  \\ill  accept  of  it,  and  am  willing  to  go  for 
Ordination  as  soon  as  opportunity  permits."  A  letter  from 
Mr.  Wheeler,  Concord,  May  17th,  17G6,  a-knowledges  the 
receipt  of  letters  from  Rev.  Jacob  Bailey,  since  the  date  of  the 
letter  just  quoted.  Mr.  Wheeler  assigns  indisposition  as  the 
cause  of  his  not  before  Avriting  or  visiting  Kennebec.  He 
says:  ••!  have  waited  upon  the  Rev.  Dr.  Caner,  (for  such  he  is 
now,)  and  Dr.  Gardiner,  and  find  them  both  very  friendly  and 
kind,  and  much  of  gentlemen.  Since  I  received  your  last,  I 
have  received  a  kind  invitation  to  the  westward,  to  Marlboro' 
and  Hopkinton,  of  the  same  nature  as  your's,  by  a  letter  from 
a  gentleman  there,  and  he  begs  that  I  would  see  him  before  I 
come  to  the  eastward."  From  a  letter  from  Mr.  Wheeler  in 
November  of  this  year,  it  would  se-^m  that  he  had  had  an  inter- 
view with  Mr.  Butler,  one  of  the  principal  Cluurhmen  at 
Georgetown,  and  that  probably  an  arrangement  would  be 
made  for  his  going  to  that  place.  Mr.  Wheeler  says;  "I  am 
at  present  engaged  to  officiate  at  the  Church  in  Cambridge. 
They  have  a  minister  appointed,  Mr.  Sergeant,  but  he  is  not 
expected  until  spring."  Mr.  Wheeler  writes  to  Mr.  Cailey 
from  Boston,  Aug.  5th,  1767:  "  The  Society  has  been  so  good 
as  to  grant  me  £20  sterling  for  my  services  at  Cambridge, 
besides  what  the  people  gave  me,  which  is  very  kind  and 
unexpected  to  me." 

Mr.  Wheeler  was  recommended  to  the  Society  by  the  clergy 


APPENDIX. 


289 


n 


in  Convention  assembled  in  Boston,  Juno  17, 1767.  The  Rev. 
Secretary  of  the  Venerable  Society  adds  a  postscript  to  his 
letter  of  Dec.  1767,  in  which  he  says:  "  Mr.  Wheeler  is  arrived 
and  will  be  ordained  for  Georgetown  very  soon."  He  returned 
from  England,  having  received  Holy  Orders  there,  and  arrived 
in  Boston,  in  the  ship  Boscavven,  Capt.  Jacobson,  in  May, 
1768. 

Mr.  Wheeler  left  Georgetown  in  April,  1772,  for  Newport, 
R.  I.  where  he  had  been  engaged  to  assist  Rev.  Mr.  Bisset, 
Rector  of  Trinity  Church  in  that  town.  In  a  letter  dated 
Sept.  8th,  1779,  in  which  he  gives  an  account  of  the  situation 
of  some  of  his  brother  clergy,  Mr.  Bailey  says:  "I  forgot  to 
mention  Mr.  Wheeler,  who  is  neither  Whig  nor  Tory,  but  so 
terrified  with  both  as  to  retire  from  human  society.  He  lives 
like  an  hermit,  and  employs  his  time  in  making  butter  and 
cheese."  Mr.  Wheeler  was  unanimously  chosen  Rector  of 
St.  Andrew's  Church,  Scituate,  and  Trinity  Church,  Marsh- 
field,  May  loth,  1783.  Rev.  Samuel  Parker,  D.  D.,  wrote  from 
Boston,  Nov.  22d,  1788:  «  Mr.  Wheeler  is  and  has  been  for 
some  years  past,  preaching  in  rotation  at  Scituate,  Marshfield, 
Bridgewater  and  Braintree,  and  has  lately  married  a  daughter 
of  Rev.  Mr.  Thompson,  of  Scituate.  He  is  so  much  in  Free- 
man's plan  that  he  would  not  join  his  brethren  in  this  State  in 
protesting  against  Freeman's  ordination."  In  the  Journal  of 
Massachusetts  Convention  for  1790^  Mr.  Wheeler  is  designated 
as  Rector  of  St.  Thomas's  Church,  Taunton,  in  addition  to  the 
Churches  before  named. 

Mr.  Wheeler  died  at  Scituate,  January  14th,  1810,  aged  75 
years. 

The  present  writer  has  no  means  of  forming  an  estimate  of 
his  character.  Soon  after  his  death  an  obituary  notice  appeared 
in  one  of  the  Boston  newspapers.  This  notice  is  devoted 
mainly  to  praising  his  political  principles,  and  if  the  writer's 
ignorance  of  the  cliaracter  of  Mr.  Wheeler  is  to  be  measured 
by  his  ignorance  of  some  of  the  leading  facts  in  the  clerical 
life  of  the  subject  of  his  sketch,  but  little  reliance  can  be 
placed  upon  this  obituary  notice. 
.     37 


;i 


£1.  I 


¥*."i 


■  ''I 


m 


1     ! 


!; 

■A]'. 

I:;'!: 

^^  ill 

•1       ; 

I;- 

290 


ATPENDIX. 


SILVESTER  GARDINER,  M.  D. 

The  important  part  that  this  gentleman  took  in  promoting 
the  interests  of  the  Episcopal  Church  in  Maine,  before  the 
Revolution  entitles  him  to  a  more  particular  mention  than  is 
made  in  the  text. 

Among  the  families  of  note  Avho  settled  Boston  Neck,  now 
in  the  town  of  Kingston,  R.  I.,  was  the  Gardiner  family. 
William,  a  grandson  of  the  original  settler  of  that  name,  was 
born  in  1071.  The  fourth  of  his  seven  children,  who  was  born 
in  1707,  is  the  subject  of  this  notice.  The  marriage  of  his 
sister,  Hannah,  with  the  Rev.  James  McSparran,  (afterwards 
D.  D.,)  had  a  great  influence  on  his  future  life. 

Mr.  McSparran,  perceiving  the  abilities  and  tastes  of  his 
brother-in-law,  persuaded  his  father  to  give  him  a  liberal  educa- 
tion. It  having  been  settled  that  the  expenses  necessary  to  this 
should  be  deducted  from  Silvester's  share  of  the  paternal 
estate,  he  was  sent  to  school  in  Boston,  and  afterwards  in- 
structed by  Mr.  McSparran.  He  decided  upon  the  practice  of 
medicine  as  his  future  profession. 

At  that  time  great  difficulties  lay  in  the  way  of  medical 
students.  No  hospitals  nor  schools  of  medicine  existed  in 
America,  public  prejudice  forbad  dissections,  and  the  law  laid 
heavy  penalties  on  any  one  who  should  seek  to  acquire  the 
knowledge  of  Anatomy  in  the  only  proper  way.  No  alterna- 
tive presented  itself  to  the  ambitious  student  of  the  healing 
art,  but  to  avail  himself  of  those  facilities  in  Europe,  which 
were  denied  him  in  his  own  country.  Silvester  passed  eight 
years  in  London  and  Paris,  principally  in  the  latter  city,  and 
acquired  an  amount  and  kind  of  medical  knowledge  which 
at  that  time  were  perhaps  in  possession  of  but  few  in  his 
native  country. 

His  religious  principles,  early  inculcated,  carried  him  safely 
through  the  licentiousness  of  French  society,  always  great, 
but  more  so  at  the  time  of  his  residence  in  Paris,  which  was 
in  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  Louis  XV.,  soon  after  the  re- 
gency of  the  Duke  of  Orleans.     The  open  profligacy  that  he 


iU-J 


kiu-'.  W^ 


•I        J"- 


'■A-  •>. 


it*  i 


■At  jt 


4    ^f* 


■-"•ih 


)>f  *• 


1 


'    *>? 


-4; 


i 


'-*^^4    ?ss^v'''-%.. 


•fc^" 


tTi^1«- 


Jn 


4*^ 

5t         <■      .   >•., 


ll-' 


f,'l|S 


t%  *  J-    kit. 


A.    ? 


Pi 


'1 


^^ 


hf    ' 


-f  «r 


*^v 


1'.  -*  •  r>  ■^' 


^.> 


^.i 


«^>V   '. 


f  : 


1 


I 


m 


i.ii 


i|  iH 


i 


ii , 


Mr: 


Pi  '.-I   ' 


11 


•.•«r-. 


'iir 


.!,.^  ••;^^  M    !•• 


':     i5<' 


..•■       :  :'■••'    n-  i-"!  U'ii    .  h" 

•r         ■  .    •■   .:   !^.  :•-     \r<K.    , 

d     '  i'-irAiv.  r   la; 

■  ■  \  ^;:.---  ■•■■:■■■■  ■ 

'  ;•  ■     I  ■  «■  ■■  ;■   ,,.>■■■    ■.'.•"^■■arN   :■)  f. 

."■'I,  -•  -i<  ,       :-,.  '!■      •     i!i .'    u.\i {*/■»);! 

■■[••'  a!     •  •;'•••  :i  i'  '■     .,    ■  ■   o 


s 


in 


'1!         .  .  ■ 


i: '! 


1 ';  .cy,    •  ,1 


.-■     ':•;■■• 

\^ '..   ■ 

■   ■    1 
V   i<    . 

'    ..■-.:.  <■    W 


la. 
I',  w 

•■■'! 


!  ■  )    ■  '    . 


t,'i 


ill 


tl 


i'  I 


!     I 


APPENDIX. 


291 


had  witnessed  in  France,  gave  him  such  a  dislike  to  the  na- 
tion, that  in  after  life  he  would  not  consent  that  his  children 
should  be  instructed  in  the  French  language,  lest  their  minds 
should  be  corrupted  by  the  literature  of  that  country. 

Upon  his  return  he  married  Anne,  daughter  of  Dr.  Gibbons, 
a  wealthy  physician  of  Boston,  and  was  soon  engaged  in  that 
place  in  an  extensive  and  lucrative  practice.  He  also  lectured 
on  Anatomy,  illustrating  his  lectures  by  preparations  he  had 
brought  from  Europe.  He  opened  in  Boston  a  large  estab- 
lishment for  the  sale  and  importation  of  drugs.  By  these 
means  he  acquired  an  immense  estate. 

Having  become  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  Kennebec  pur- 
chase, covering  a  tract  of  land  from  Bath  to  Norridgewock, 
some  fifty  miles  in  length,  and  extending  fifteen  miles  on 
each  side  of  the  Kennebec  River,  he  directed  his  energies 
to  the  improvement  of  that  wilderness  country.  Almost  the 
entire  management  of  the  affairs  of  the  company  was  commit- 
ted to  him.  He  managed  the  trust  with  great  energy  and 
judgment,  and  at  his  own  personal  expense  built  houses  and 
cleared  farms  which  he  well  stocked,  at  the  Chops  of  Merry- 
meeting  Bay  and  Lynd's  Island,  Pittston,  Winslow,  and  Pow- 
nalborough,  at  the  latter  of  which  places  he  built  mills.  The 
tract  of  land  near  the  Cobbosee  Contee  River,  was  obtained 
by  him  of  his  associates,  and  he  labored  and  expended  much 
to  bring  it  forward.  He  built  houses,  dams,  and  mills,  at  thia 
place,  now  the  city  of  Gardiner;  introduced  many  settlers 
and  advanced  them  means  necessary  to  their  establishment, 
amounting  in  the  aggregate  to  a  large  sum,  most  of  which 
was  never  repaid  him. 

He  built  a  church  and  parsonage  at  Gardine:  ton,  (as  it 
was  then  called,)  in  1772,  but  was  interrupted  in  his  benevo- 
lent labors  by  the  political  troubles  of  the  time,  and  was 
obliged  to  leave  the  church  uncompleted.  He  was  one  of  the 
most  active  and  efficient  persons  in  building  King's  Chapel, 
Boston,  and  contributed  largely  to  its  erection,  and  was  for 
many  years  one  of  its  wardens. 

Dr.  Gardiner  left  Boston  with  the  British  army,  when  that 
town  was  evacuated.     His  property  was  all  confiscated,  but 


ri 


\  ■ 


i.    ' 

11?  -  ■! 


!a,i  Vl^' 


':f      \ 


Bf-,   . 


HI 

i 


iV.l 


I  * 


292 


ArrENDix. 


owiiif^  to  somo  logul  informality  the  confiseatlon  did  not  hold, 
and  his  estate  descended  to  his  heirs. 

Dr.  Gardiner  died  at  Newport,  An<^nst,   178(),  in  th(!  SOth 
year  of  his  age;  the  citi/ens,  at  his  funeral,  bestowing  those 
marks  of  respect  which  evidenced  their  high  estimation  of  his 
character.     His  remains  were  deposited  under  Trinity  Church, 
in  that  place,  and  a  luonnment,  (with  a  Ti,  >in  inscription,  l)y 
his  grandson.  Rev.  Dr.   Gardiner,  former   Rector  of   Trinity 
Church,  Boston,)  has  been  erected  to  his  memory  in  Christ 
Church,   Gardiner,    Maine.     His   agency  in    inlluencing    Mr. 
Railey  to  visit  London  to  receive  Holy  Orders  has  been  al- 
ready named  in  the   Memoir.     To  him  it  was  owing  that  an 
Episcopal   Missionary  was  sent  to   Pownalborough,  a  glebe 
given  in  that   town,  and   a  church    and    parsonage   erected 
thereon.     His  building  a  church  and  parsonage  at  Gardiner, 
at  his  own  expense,  has  been  already  mentioned.     To  that 
Parish  he  gave  a  glebe  lot,  which  now  yields  a  handsome  in- 
come yearly.     The  cliurch,  not  being  completed  at  his  decease, 
he  directed  in  his  will  that  it  should  be  finished  by  his  execu- 
tors, and  the  expense  charged  to  his  estate,  and  he  endowed  it 
with  a  legacy  of  X28  sterling  per  annum,  to  be  paid  forever  to 
the  Rector.     Says  one,  who  knew  him  well :  "  But  his  piety 
was  not  shown  only  in  these  public  acts.     His  family  was  the 
well  ordered  family  of  a  Christian,  from  whose  altar  the  morn- 
ing and  evening  sacrifice  of  praise  and  thanksgiving  regularly 
ascended.     Believing  the  observances  enjoined  by  the  Church 
to  be  eminently  calculated  to  afTord  spiritual  sustenance  to  the 
soul,  and  to  keep  alive  the  spirit  of  piety,  he  strictly  observed 
all  its  ordinances,  its  Festivals  and  Fasts,  and  on  the  greater 
Fasts  spent  the  whole  day,  excepting  what  was  occupied  by 
family  and  public  worship,  in  the  retirement  of  his  closet. 
During  the  latter  years  of  his  life,  secluded  from  business,  he 
spent  much  of  his  time  in  religious  contemplation,  and  com- 
piled a  book  of  devotion,  evidencing  not  only  sterling  piety 
and  sincerity  of  purpose,  but  bearing  the  impress  of  a  heart 
truly  and  deeply  warmed  with  the  love  of  Christ,  and  filled 
with  that  fervency  of  devotion  which  can  only  be  the  fruit  of 
man's  deep  sense  of  his  need  of  a  Redeemer.     He  had  a  large 


A rr EN  I)  IX. 


293 


edition  of  tlii3  book  printed  at  his  own  expense,  and  which  he 
des<ip;ned  for  gratuitous  distribution." 

A  higlily  esteemed  and  respected  friend  has  had  the  oppor- 
tunity of  j)erusing  the  little;  book  above-named,  whi(;h  is  en- 
titled "  A  Daily  C'ompanion  to  the  Closet;"  a  compilation  of 
prayers,  with  a  few  hymns  and  practical  dissertations;  "the 
whole  collected  and  eompihul  from  the  Common  Prayer,  and 
from  some  of  the  most  pious  writers.  IJy  a  Layman.  Lon- 
don:  Printed  for  the  Author;  178o."  The  friend  alluded  to 
expresses  his  high  gratification  at  the  perusal  of  this  volume, 
as  evidently  the  production  of  one  of  earnest,  habitual  prayer, 
and  exercised  with  the  deep  convictions  and  sanctified  desires 
of  private,  personal  religion. 

The  Episcopal  Church  in  INIaine  is  under  great  obligations 
to  Dr.  Silvester  Gardiner,  for  the  warm  interest  he  manifested 
in  her,  and  the  sacrifices  and  exertions  he  made  in  her  behalf 
in  the  days  of  her  weakness.  It  is  very  pleasant  to  know  that 
he  was  deeply  imbued  with  the  spirit  of  the  Gospel.  The;  in- 
scription on  his  moimment,  before  named,  fails  to  do  him  jus- 
tice in  this  particular,  and  the  writer  of  this  sket(!li  delights  to 
have  it  in  his  power  to  be  enabled  to  convey,  however  feebly, 
a  more  true  picture  of  his  religious  character. 


'^ 


Hi 

1 
V 

1 

f'-^^' 

*l 

1 

! 

1 

,1: 

r 

i  - 
1 

1 

■'  1  ^- 

1  .. 

1 

294 


ArrENDix. 


Pt 


?  i 


Contribution  to  the  list  of  Three  Ilundrod  Ministers,  of  the 
dirt'erent  denominations,  who  have  entered  the;  ministry  of 
the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in  the  Uni*^ed  States:— 

Rt.  Rev.  Edward  Bass,  of  Newburyport,  Mass. 

See  Biographical  Sketch. 

Rev.  William  McCLENNAxnAN. 

Note  D  to  the  foregoing  Memoir. 

Rev.  Jacob  Bailuv. 

See  foregoing  Memoir. 

Rev.  William  W.  Wheeleh. 

Rev.  John  Wiswall. 

Willis  Smithes  Jovrnal,  p.  150,  Note  1. 

Rev.  John  Ruggles  Cottino,  of  Waldoborough,  Me. 
In  1812  "  he  changed  his  sentiments,  and  became  an  Epis- 
copalian." 

Greenleafs  Ecclesiastical  Sketches,  p.  175. 

Rev.  William  Clarke,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  Ded- 
ham,  Mass. 

Authority :  Rev.  S.  B.  Bahcock^s  Letter,  -A^ug.  9,  1851. 

Rev.  Joshua  Wingate  Weeks,   Rector  of   St.  Michael's 
Church,  Marblehead,  Mass. 

See  Biographical  Sketch. 


APPENDIX. 


295 


1 1 
it 


ABSTRACT  OF  SERMONS. 

The  compiler  of  this  Memoir,  feeling  desirous  of  forming  a 
corre(!t  estimate  of  Mr.  JJailey's  literary  (|nalifieiitions  and 
religions  view  s,  made  a  carefnl  abstract  of  most  of  his  sermons 
wiiieli  came  into  his  possession.  lit;  had  written  on  the  ab- 
stract the  words:  The  follovHn^  is  not  intended  for  pithlica- 
tion.  But  a  friend,  well  qualified  to  advise  in  such  matters, 
wished  him  to  strike  out  the  words  above-named  and  hand  the 
abstract,  with  other  "copy,"  to  the  printer.  My  clerical  breth- 
ren can  appreciate  the  labor  necessary  to  make  an  analysis  of 
such  a  large  number  of  sermons,  many  of  them  imi)erfect,  and 
some  not  easy  to  be  deciphered;  and  if  an  error  in  judgment 
has  been  committed,  they  will,  it  is  believed,  pardon  it,  in 

consideration  of  the  nature  of  the  task  which  I  imposed  upon 
myself. 

St.  Lttke  xxii.  44.      On  the  sullerings  of  Christ.      J 759. 
A  quotation  is  made  in  this  discourse  from  "an  An-  oiouoester'" 
cient  Father,  on  the  wide  extent  of  the  eilicacy  of 'i"'*  ^'JP^, 

'  ^  •'  Ann  Harbor,. 

Christ's  sutferings."     The  divinity  of  Clirist  and  his  Mmch  and 
equality  with  the  Father,  are  emphatically  set  forth     No.  i. 
in  this  sermon.     [This  discourse  is  numbered  eight 
by  Mr.  Bailey.] 


1  Chronicles  xxviii.  9.     [Imperfect.] 


Hcbrcu's  ix.  26.     Christ's  sacrifice. 


Hampton, 
Falls,  J'e  3d. 
No.  2. 

No.  3, 


4 


Psa/ms  i.     Exposition  of  this  Psalm.    [Imperfect.]     No.  4. 


Imperfect.     This  MS.  contains  also  a  list  of  books      1760. 
distributed  by  order  of  Venerable  Society,  sundry    ^°-  ^• 
baptisms,  and  memos,  of  the  sickness  of  Mr.  Bailey. 


The  greater  part  of  a  Thanksgiving  Sermon :  "  this  1761. 
is  the  first  opportunity  that  ever  presented  of  having  Dec"r*3d'^'" 
a  Thanksgiving  celebrated  in  this  place."     Attacks    No.  6. 


I 


296 


mi 


i     r 


M 

i;li 


ill 


^a, 


; 


!■ 


I   »; 


if 


'!'■«■ 


'^    ,1 


1762. 

ankfort, 
e  comber. 
No.  6a. 


Frankfort, 
August  29  th, 
No.  66. 

1763. 

Frankfort, 
July  16th. 

No.  7. 

No.  8. 

Frankfort, 
June  10th. 

No.  9. 


APPENDIX. 

by  Indians.  "  These  events,  we  all  know,  have  fre- 
quently happened  in  this  country  till  the  present  and 
the  year  past." 

Psalm  cxvii.  1st  and  part  of  2d  verse.  A  Thanks- 
giving Sermon.  I.  Consider  the  various  instances 
of  Divine  goodness :  1.  In  continuing  the  life  and 
prosperity  of  our  Sovereign ;  2.  In  the  preservation 
of  the  Queen  and  the  birth  of  a  Prince ;  3.  Contin- 
uance of  our  civil  and  religious  liberties ;  4.  In  suc- 
cess of  our  armies,  both  by  sea  and  land,  e.  g:  con- 
quest of  Havana,  expulsion  of  the  French  from  New 
Foundland,  the  capture  of  several  ships  of  war  from 
the  French  and  Spaniards;  5.  The  prospect  of  an 
honorable  and  lasting  peace. 

Psalm  viii.     Exposition  of  this  Psalm. 

Proverbs  x.  19.     Sins  of  the  tongue. 


Esther  vii.  6.     Guilt  the  cause  of  fear.     Example 
of  Haman. 


1764.         St.  Mattheiu  v.  37.     A  proper  use  of  the  tongue 

Mar'ch'^22''!.  ciijoined.     [This  sermon  was  corrected  by  Rev.  J.  W. 

No.  10.  "  Weeks,  Numbered  2.] 

Place  and         Part   of  a   Christmas   Sermon.     St.  Chrysostom 

date  want  g.  '' 

No.  11.  quoted. 
Frankfort,        Daniel  iv.  30.     On  self-conceit.     [Numbered  11.] 

March  1st. 
No.  12. 

Frankfort,         Provcrbs  xxvi.  12.     On  self-conceit.     [Numbered 

July  12th.  „.  .  ■■ 

No.  13.  21.] 

1766. 
Frankfort,         Geuesis  xix.  26.    Punishment  of  Lot's  wife.    [This 

No.'^^4.  ^*  sermon  was  corrected  by  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks.] 


APPENDIX. 


297 


Ads  xvii.  25  to  .C8.     A  Fast  Day  Sermon. 


Frankfort, 

April  24th. 

No.  15. 


Genesis  xx.  11.  The  fear  of  the  Lord.  2d  divis-  No.  16. 
ion :  When  any  person  and  place  may  be  said  to  be 
destitute  of  the  fear  of  the  Lord.  1.  When  the  in- 
habitants of  any  place  are  addicted  to  intemperance 
and  immodesty,  2.  When  they  give  themselves  up 
to  profane  sivearing-;  3.  When  a  spirit  of  lying  uni- 
versally prevails ;  4.  When  they  give  themselves  up  to 
slander,  revile  and  backbite  their  neighbors ;  5.  When 
a  spirit  of  contention  and  quarrelling'  prevails ;  6.  When 
they  live  in  the  neglect  of  the  loorship  of  God. 


St.  John  xvi.  2d  and  3d  verses.     On  persecution     1767. 
[A  correction  made  by  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks.     Num-  Ma728lh.'*'' 
bered  6,  by  Mr.  B.]  No.  17.' 

2d  article  of  the  Apostle's  Creed.     Exposition  of  Frankfort, 

,,  f-^y      c\t  August  9th, 

the  same.     [JNo.  Z.\  No.  17a. 


1  Corinthians  ix.  part  of  24th  verse.     The  Christ-  p    If  , 


lan  race. 


Frankfort, 
previous  to 
Febr'ry  5th. 
No.  176. 


St.  John  V.  39.     Search  the  Scriptures.     [No.  2.1     Frankfort, 

■•  •"      Febr'ry   0th. 


No.  17c. 


Joshua  vii.  25.     Wicked  men  cause  all  the  trouble,  Pownaiboro, 
&c.,  of  the  world ;  but  they  shall  be  punished  here  or  "^"ifo^ig', 
hereafter.     [Numbered  2  by  Mr.  Bailey.] 


Joshua  ix.  22,  23.  Sin  of  deceiving  another.  Frankfort, 
[This  is  headed  Scripture  History,  No.  ,  by  Mr.  Vo."i9. " 
Bailey.] 

Frankfort, 

Romans  xi.  20.     On  self  conceit.     [No.  4.]  ^ffio.^***' 


Ruth  iv.  13.     Character  of  Boaz. 


1769. 

Frankfort, 
Sept.  7th. 
No.  21. 

2  Samuel  xviii.  33.  Conduct  of  Absalom,  his  death ;      1770. 
38 


298 


APPENDIX. 


Frankfort,     King  David's  grief;  cause  of  this    grief — a  belief 
No.  22.      that  Absalom  would  be  eternally  punished. 

No.  23.  Part  of  a  sermon  on  love  to  God. 


Pown'lboro' 
Nov.  4th. 
No.  21. 


1771. 

Pownalboro, 
Nov.  18th. 
No.  25. 

1772. 

Pown'lboro, 
April  23(1. 

No.  26. 
Pown'lboro, 
May  27th. 

No.  27. 

Pown'lboro' 
June  20th. 
No.  28. 


Ecclesiastes  v.  1,  2.  Sermon  at  the  Consecration 
of  St.  John's  Church,  Pownalborough :  1st,  the  sea- 
sons; 2d,  the  places;  3d,  the  manner;  4th,  the  de- 
sign ;  and  5th,  the  importance  of  Public  Worship, 
[Prefixed  to  this  sermon  is  "  A  Prayer  at  the  dedica- 
tion of  St.  John's  Church,  Pownalborough."] 

Proverbs  iii.  25.     Shame  the  promotion  of  fools. 

St.  Matthew  v.  44.     The  duty  of  benevolence. 

Hebreios  xii.  7.    Duties  of  fathers  to  their  children. 

St.  Matthetv  iv.  19  and  20.  Duty  of  following 
Christ. 


Pown'lboro*      Job  iv.  14.      On  the  nature  and  advantages  of 

July  17th.       T^  „     ,  c     ,  * 

No.  29.      Fear.     Part  first. 


Pownalboro'      Jsaiah  li.  7.  On  the  excesses  of  Fear.  Part  second. 

No.  6<J. 

Pown'lboro'       St.  Mttttheto  xiii.  7.     The  vanities  which  hinder 
No.  31.      the  Gospel  taking  effect  in  the  hearts  of  men.     Part 
fourth. 

Pown'lboro'       RevelatioHs  (?)  — .  — .      Probably  for  All  Saints' 
No.  32.      Day.     Account  of  Popish  persecutions. 


h'l    'it 

B-  ;  (■  I' 


Pown'lboro'       St.  Joliri  iv.  48.      Causes  of  unbelief.     [Original 
prayer  added.] 

Advent  Sun-      St.  Mattlictv  xxi.  11.     The  necessity  of  a  Redeem- 
^lio.  34.      er.     "  I  shall  at  present  endeavour  to  shew  the  neces- 


APPENDIX. 


299 


sity  of  a  Redeemer,  and  then,  in  a  number  of  dis- 
courses, consider  and  explain  the  nature  of  this  great 
redemption."  [Original  prayer  added,  marked:  "Be- 
fore sermon.''] 


St.  Luke  ii.  14.  1st.  Value  of  Peace.  2d.  Methods 
to  obtain  and  preserve  it.    3d.  Exhortation. 

St.  Matthew  xxi.  5.     Kingly  office  of  Christ. 

Job  XXX.  23.  Feelings  of  various  classes  of  sin- 
ners at  the  approach  of  *death. 

St.  Mattheiv  xiii.  7.  A  fondness  for  popular  ap- 
plause is  one  of  those  things  which  choke  the  good 
seed. 


Pown'lhoro' 

Dec.  24th. 

JN'o.  35. 

Pown'lboro' 

Dec.  29th. 

No.  36. 

1773. 

Pown'lboro' 
J.in.  20th. 
No.  37. 

Pown'lboro' 
May  Cth. 

No.  38. 


II.  Samuel  xii.  31.      Character  of  David.      Qau-  Pown'lboro' 
tion  to  be  used  in  estimating  the  characters  of  Scrip-  ^"i?o?39. 
ture  personages. 


St.  Mattheiv  xii.  31,  32.      The  sin  against  the  Pown'lboro' 
Holy  Ghost.  J"^;,8th. 


,40. 


Acts  i.  1  to  6.     «  An  exposition  of  the  Acts  of  the  Powniboro' 
Apostles."     [No.  1.]  ^Noli"^^" 

Proverbs  iii.  17.      The  pleasure  derived  from  the  Pown'lboro' 
practice  of  virtue.  ®To.^42!'* 


St.  Mattheio  xiii.  8.     Parable  of  the  good  ground.  Po^vn'lboro' 

No.  43. 

St.  Matthew  xiii.  8.     Part  II.  of  same  discourse.     Pown'lboro* 

No.  44. 


St.  Matthew  xv.  18.      Caution  against  following     1774. 
those  who  attempt  to  spread  new  and  unauthorized  j^'^gl^'h" 
opinions.  .  No.  45. " 


300 


APPENDIX. 


Pown'iboro*       St.  Mattliev)  will.  27.     Forgiveness  of  m juries. 

July  7tli.  °  •* 

No.  46. 

Pown'iboro*       St.  Muttliew  xviii.  31  to  35.     Aimed  against  the 
No.  47.      practice  of  creditors  imprisoning  their  poor  debtors. 

Pown'iboro'       St.  Mttttfieiv  XX.  16.     God  has  a  right  to  deal  with 

July  14th.      „.  ,.  __.  °, 

No.  48.       His  creatures  according  to  His  own  pleasure. 
Pown'iboro-       St.  Mutthew  xxi.  28  to  31.     Parable  of  the  two 

July  16th. 
No.  49.        sons. 


■•!  1 


Pown'iboro'       St.  Mattlieio  xix.  19.     Lgve  of  our  country  and 

July  21st.       u  1      ' 

No  50       benevolence. 


Pown'iboro'       St.  Mttttheio  xx'u.  7.     Consequences  of  neglecting 
the  offers  of  salvation 
on  the  same  subject.] 


No,^5i.  ^    the  offers  of  salvation.  [Refers  to  a  former  discourse 


!-f 


I V  - 


y\ 


My  ■'   M 


m  . 


1,4     i 


No.  52.  Two  lectures  on  the  right  training  of  children. 

No.  54.  Want  of  interest  in  religion. 

No.  55.  Persecutions  that  holy  men  have  suffered, 

No.  56.  The  case  of  Cornelius.     [Corrected  by  Rev.  J.  W. 

Weeks.] 

No.  57.  2.   Samuel  i.  16.     David's  nobleness  of  conduct 

proposed  for  imitation. 

No.  58.  Shortness  and  uncertainty  of  life.     [Imperfect.] 

No.  69.  Death  and  future  judgment.     [Imperfect.] 

No.  60.  Robbing  God  of  His  glory.     [Imperfect.] 

No.  61.  Dangers  arising  from  national  victories.    [Imper- 

fect] 


1 


APPENDIX. 


301 


1  Kinsrs  xvii.  13  and  14.     God  will  reward  us  for    No  62. 
acts  of  charity  and  mercy.     Three  other  points  en- 
larged upon  in  former  sermons  from  this  text. 

Genesis  vi.  part  of  3d  vs.     Danger  of  being  con-    No  63. 
nected  with  persons  of  vicious  characters.    [Imper- 
fect.] 


Attributes  of  God.     [Imperfect.] 


No.  64. 


2  Kinffs  X.  part  of  16th  vs.      True  and  false  zeal.    No.  65. 
[Imperfect.] 

Romans  viii.  part   of  28th  vs.      1st.    Concerning    No.  66. 
those  who  love  God.     2d.  The  reasons  for  believing 
that  all  things  should  work  together  for  your  good. 


Exodus  XX.  16.    On  the  ninth  commandment. 


No.  67. 


Lll 


Philippians  ii.  5th  to  lOth  VS.     Exposition.   [Im-    No.  68. 
perfect.] 

Genesis.  Sketches  of  some  of  the  prominent  No.  69. 
persons  in  this  book.  Chapter  i.  Life  and  character 
of  Eve.  Chapter  ii.  Life  of  Adah.  Chapter  iii. 
Life  of  Zillah.  Chapter  iv.  Life  of  Naamah.  Char- 
acter of  antediluvians.  Chapter  v.  Life  of  Sarah. 
[Written  in  a  flowing  style,  though  disfigured  by 
some  ideas  and  expressions  not  in  good  taste.] 

A  prayer  offered  at  the  execution  of  criminals.  ^o.  70. 

1    St.  Peter   iii.   12.      1st.    God's   favour   to   the     No.  71. 
righteous.     2d.  His  displeasure  against  the  wicked. 

Deuteronomy.,  iv.  39.     Duty  of  Knowledge  and    No.  72. 
consideration. 


302 


APPENDIX. 


No.  73.  Deuteronomy  iv.  39.     Same  subject  continued. 

No.  74.  St.  Luke  xiii.  4.     Against  rash  judgments. 


1''^  i 


Probably  a        1.  Reflect  a  little  upon  the  calamities  of  war  in 


ThanksgiV' 


ing  Cterm 
No.  75. 


Sermon,  general ;   2.    Give  a  short  history  of  the    Spanish 


proceedings  in  America,  with  a  particular  view  to 
the  Island  of  Cuba ;  3.  To  take  notice  of  the  remark- 
able successes  of  the  English  in  some  of  the  preced- 
ing, as  well  as  in  this  late  expedition.  In  1758, 
Louisburg  taken ;  in  1759,  capture  of  Quebec ;  in 
1760,  conquest  of  all  Canada;  Havana  taken,  Au- 
gust, 1762.    "  Let  us  then  this  day  rejoice."     [Imp.] 


V^lo.         Three  sermons  "on  Relative  Duties,"  viz.:  Nos. 
76,77,79.     [See  below.] 

No.  76.  Respect  to  superiors.     [Imperfect.     No.  1.] 


\\% 


No.  77.  1  St.  Peter  iii.  8.      Duty  of  superiors  to  inferiors 

[No.  2.] 


May  5th. 


ay  oth. 
No.  78. 


May  5th. 
No.  79. 


Romans  xii.  10.      Duty  of  equals  towards  each 
other.     [No.  3.] 

1  Timothy  ii.  2.     "  That  we  may  lead  quiet  and 
peaceable  lives  in  all  godliness  and  honesty." 


JuW  14th.         St.  Mark  x.  17.  The  young  man's  enquiry.  [Imp.] 

No.  81.  The  sin  of  Jereboam.    Caution  against  sacrificing 

conscience  to  interest. 


1778.  St.  James  i.  27.  1st.  Show  who  are  meant  by  the 
terms  fatherless  and  widows.  2d.  The  treatment 
due  to  persons  of  this  description.  [Endorsed  ser- 
mon 7.] 


Boston, 
July. 
No.  82. 


,i' 


APPENDIX. 


303 


Zechariahix.  12.     [Endorsed  "Sermon  eight,]  A  Pown-iboro' 
Farewell  Discourse  delivered  at  Pownalborough,  July,  ^%^  gg 
1778."     1.  Give  some  explanation  of  the  text.     2. 
Make  some  reflections  suitable  to  the  present  occa- 
sion. 


Psalms  Ixv.  11.     Reasons  for  gratitude  during  the  co}J^^uia 
year  past.  Doc  sist ' 

JNo.  84. 


Duty  of  promoting  peace. 


1781. 

Cornwallis. 
No.  8,5. 

St.  Mark  i.  15.     1.  The  nature  and  extent  of  re-  comwaiiis, 
pentance.    2.  The  necessity  of  it.  ^^"<'V.**-' 

•'  iNo.  86. 

Acts  xvi.  29,  30.      Narrative  of  the  imprisonment  Cornwaiiia, 
of  two  Apostles.     Application  of  the  jailor's  ques-  ^^noI's?'^' 
tions  to  the  present  hearers. 


St.  John  iii.  3.      Errors  with  respect  to  conversion.  CornwaiUs 
[No.  14.]  sept^.  mh. 

Hebrews  xii.  14.     Advantages  of  peace.     [No.  3.]  Comwaiiis, 

^  ^    Dec.  oth. 

No.  89, 

Psalms  cxv.  16.     The  goodness  of  God  calls  for  Comwaiiis, 
gratitude.     [No.  4.     An  original  collect  prefixed  to  ^toUt 
this  sermon.] 


1   St.  Peter  iv.  18.  Description  of  the  righteous     1783. 
and  the  sinner.  AnnapoUs, 

June  29th. 
No.  91. 

1   St.  Peter  iv.  18.     Difficulty  of  salvation  and  Annapolis, 
certainty  of  future  punishment. 


July. 
No.  92. 


St.  Luke  xviii.  18  to  22.     1.  An  account  of  this  Annapolis, 
young  man.     2.  Nature  and  extent  of  the  command  "^Ea.^*^ 
given  to  him.    3.  Practical  reflections.     [No.  3.] 


1784 
Genesis  ix.  9.     The  temptation  of  Joseph.     Prac-  Annapou;, 

tical  remarks.  ''^'i?"^V. 

No,  94. 


fffE 


f: 


''. '  ■ 

1 

! 
j| 

■;  f  ■ 

f 

ii 

!                   I 

j: 

jl 

r 

1  ■ 

I 

1 
j' 

304 


APPENDIX. 


Annapolis,        Gcnesis  ix.  9.      The  example  of  Joseph  recom- 
ifo^JS."     mended,  especially  to  the  young. 


1786.  Genesis  xxxvii.  19.     The  nature,  effects  and  un- 

Feb  ^'''d'^'  'reasonableness  of  envy.     "  Scripture  History." 

No.  96'. 

Annapolis,        St.  Matlhew  xi.  12.     A  mere  outward  profesion 

Sept.  2.5th.  •11         i  e   i.  i_ 

No.  97.  Will  not  secure  our  future  happiness. 
Annapolis,        Against  the  love  of  money.     [Imperfect.] 

No^'flis.*. 

Annapolis,        Romans  vi.  16.    "  Servitude  of  sin  ;  its  danger." 

Feb.  1st.  rj  1  J. 

No.  99.  Second  part. 


1787.         Judges  ix.  14, 15.     Endeavor  to  draw  some  moral 
and  religious  observations  from  these  words.  [No.  1.] 


Annapolis, 
Feb.  7th. 
No.  100. 

Annapolis, 
Feb.  loth. 
No.  101. 


Judges  ix.  14,  15.  The  vanity  and  pride  of  human 
nature.     [No.  2.  Part  2.] 


Annapolis, 
Feb.  17th. 
No.  102. 


Annapolis, 
Feb.  19th. 
No.  103. 

Annapolis, 
Feb.  22(1. 
No.  104. 


Acts  xviii.  part  of  17th  vs.      True  Christian  zeal. 
[No.  3.] 

Acts  xviii.  part  of  17th  vs.  Counterfeit  zeal.  [No.  4.] 

Acts  xviii.  part  of  17th  vs.    Indifference  to  religion. 
[No.  5.] 


If; 


[(Tii 


Annapolis,        Psalms  xlix.  13.     The  folly  of  men.     [No.  6.1 

Feb.  21st.  •'  ^  ^ 

No.  105. 

Annapolis,        Dcut.   XXX.    15.      Abuse   of  the   grace  of   God. 

Feb.  22d,  rT.T      ^  , 

No.  106.  [No.  7.] 

Annapolis,        St.    Lulcc  xu.  1.     Display  some   appearances  of 

No.  107.  this   Pharisaical  hypocrisy  and  show  its  baseness. 
[No.  8.] 

Annapolis, 

^No!^*08.         ^i'  ImIcc  xii.  1.  Same  subject  continued.    [No.  9.] 


APPENDIX. 


305 


10.] 


SL  Luke  xii,  1.     Same  subject  continued.      [No.  6"""]]?l|'' 

Wo?  109. 


St.  Mark  x.  17,  18.      "  One  may  be  apparently  Annapolis, 
strict  and  punctual  in  the  performance  of  moral  du-    Ino.  no. 
ties,  without  being  entitled  to  everlasting  happiness. 
[No.  11.] 

St.  Mark  x.  17,  18.  "  It  concerns  us  to  examine:  Annapolis, 
1.  Tlie  disposition  of  our  minds ;  and  2.  The  extent  j\o.  ill. 
of  our  obedience."     Practical  application.     [No.  12.] 

Job   i.  18,  19,  20.     1.  To  make  some  reflections  Annapolis, 
upon  the  story  and  conduct  of  Job;  2.  Observe  that    'no.  112.' 
calamity  is  the  portion  of  human  nature;  3.  Enquire 
what  improvement  we  ought  to  make  of  afflictions. 
[No.  13.] 

Ecdesiastes  ix.  12.      A  funeral  sermon.      Brief.  Annapolis, 

nvT       111  April  16th. 

[No.  14.]  "no.  113. 


God. 


Proverbs  x.  19.     1.  Consider  some  of  those  sinful  Annapolis, 
excesses  which   are  occasioned  by  a  multitude  of    ^o.  114.' 
words;  2.  Exhibit  the  wise  regulation  of  our  dis- 
course recommended  in  the  text.     [No.  15.] 

St.  Luke  xiii.  5.  1.  Against  rash  judgment;  2.  ApriUTth! 
Exhortation  to  repentance.     [No.  16.]  ^°-  "^• 

St.  Luke  xiii.  5.  1.  Many  instances  of  sudden  ApHi^ioth! 
bereavement;  2.  Caution  against  delay  of  repent-  ^°"  ^^^' 
ance.     [No.  17.] 

Proverbs  x.  19.     Against  talebearing.     [No.  18.]    Apr'^27th.' 

No.  il7. 

St.  Matthew   v.  8.    1.  Enumeration  of  spiritual  Annapolis, 

Nov  2d. 

evils ;  2    Application.     ["  No.  2  on  the  text  St.  Mat-    No.  lis. 
thew,  V.  8."] 

39 


306 


APPENDIX. 


Annapolis, 
Dec.  22(1. 
No.  110. 


1788. 

Annapolis, 
Jan.  l.'kh. 
No.  120. 

Annapolis, 

Jan.  2;Jth. 

No.  121. 


St.  Luke  ii.  20.  1.  Occurrences  before  tne  birth 
of  Christ.  2.  Angels  appear  to  the  shepherds,  and 
message.     3.  Suitable  rellections.     [Sermon  8.] 

St.  Maltheiv  iv.  10.     Duty  to  God. 

St.  Luke  ii.  34.  Presentation  of  Christ  in  the 
Temple.  While  the  coming  of  Christ  shall  prove 
the  salvation  of  some,  it  shall  increase  the  condem- 
nation of  those  who  neglect  his  precepts.  Let  us 
then  repent.     [Sermon  9.] 


'!■! 


Annapolis, 
Jan.  30th. 
No.  122. 


St.  Matthew  ii.  1.  Brief  account  of  the  Magi. 
Herod's  jealousy  at  the  birth  of  another  prince.  The 
Magi  not  disgusted  by  the  poverty  in  which  Mary 
and  the  infant  Saviour  were  found  to  be.  Their  con- 
duct contrasted  with  that  of  men  in  these  days. 
Let  the  trouble  the  Magi  took  to  come  to  Christ  ex- 
cite us  to  seek  him.     [Sermon  10.] 


Annapolis, 
Feb.  1st. 
No.  123. 


St.  Matthew  ii.  16.  Character  of  Herod.  Ac- 
count of  the  massacre  by  his  order.  [A  spirited 
sketch.]  This  story  displays  the  terrible  eft'ects  of 
ambition.  This  passion  whether  it  appears  in  a 
single  person,  or  a  Congress  of  rising  heroes,  is  like 
the  inundation  of  a  mighty  river.  Humanity  and 
benevolence  recommended.     [Sermon  11.] 


Annapolis, 
Feb.  6th. 
No.  124. 


St.  Luke  ii.  40.  Character  of  Herod  and  account 
of  his  death.  Explanation  of  the  text.  The  ex- 
ample of  Herod  teaches  us  the  danger  of  delaying 
repentance.  Lastly:  Let  every  person  be  excited 
to  increase  in  wisdom  and  understanding.  [Ser- 
mon 12.] 


Annapolis, 
Feb.  10th. 
No.  125. 


St.  Luke  ii.  part  of  51st  vs.  The  first  part  of  this 
discourse  refers  to  the  45,  46,  47,  48  and  49  verses  of 
this  chapter.     1.  From  the  example  of  our  blessed 


m\'M ' 


APPENDIX. 


307 


Lord,  we  may  learn  the  necessity  of  Confirmation, 
when  it  may  possibly  be  obtained.  Explanation  of 
Confirmation.  Children  urged  to  acquaint  them- 
selves with  the  nature  of  their  Baptismal  vows. 
The  Saviour's  example  of  obedience  commended  to 
children.     [Sermon  13.] 


Vnnapi 

•'(•1).  12th. 

INo.  126. 


Daniel  v.  27.  An  account  of  the  revels  of  Bel-  Annapolis, 
shazzar,  the  hand-writing;  consequent  terror,  and 
Daniel's  interpretation  of  the  mysterious  characters. 
(Written  with  considerable  power.)  1.  God  knows, 
considers,  and  examines  all  our  actions  with  the 
greatest  exactness.     [Sermon  2] 


Daniel  v.  27.  When  we  purpose  to  enter  upon  Annapolis. 
any  enterprise  let  iis  ask  ourselves,  if  our  conduct  ^°"  ^'^^' 
in  it  will  stand  the  test?  "Endeavor  to  shew  when 
people  may  be  reckoned  (to  be)  in  a  dangerous  situ- 
ation." Several  particulars  named.  "  Let  us  then  en- 
gage in  works  of  repentance,  piety,  devotion,  charity 
and  temperance.  But  our  most  perfect  performances 
will  not  avail  without  the  atonement  of  the  Son  of 
God."     [Sermon  3.] 


Short   account  Annapolis 


Does  the  conduct  of    Nicodemus    Vo.  128. 


St.  John  iii.  1,  and  part  of  2d  vs. 
of  Nicodemus. 
merit  applause  or  the  contrary  ?  xVnswered  in  the 
negative  in  the  remainder  of  this  discourse.  [Ser- 
mon 4.] 


St.  Luke  iii.    part  of  12th   verse.     Chare >"!er   of  Annapolis, 
John  Baptist's  preaching.     "  The  subject  before  us  ^%^'''l2i 
and  the  season  of  the  year  invite  us  to  repentance." 
Reasons  for  repentance.     [Sermon  14.] 


Romans  iv.  part  of  25th  verse.    The  circumstances  Annapoi 

of  the  death  of  Christ.     The  sins  of  the  world  were  ^^'Z^^ln 

Inc.  lo 

the  cause  of  the  sufferings  and  death  of  our  Saviour. 


IS, 


_1JJ 


l\' ' 


iM- 


308 


A  r  r  E  M)  I X . 


1.  The  thought  of  this  should  humhie  ns;  2.  It 
should  fill  UH  with  hatred  of  sin  ;  3.  wu  should  avoid 
sin.     [Sermon  5.] 

MarcTi'ith.       ''^'''  ^^"^''  ^^'  '*•  J)«'fi"'t'«n  of  temptalion.  1.  Trials 
No.  i;u.     5X11(1  atllictions  which  |)rove  our  faith.     2.  Tin 

deavors  of  Satan  to  draw  uh  Into  ssin.  '>].  Onr  a 
depraved  appetites  may  draw  us  into  sin.  Therefore 
we  should  pray  to  God  for  His  aid  and  protection. 
Caution ;  God  never  leads  any  one  into  temptation. 
We  should  carefully  shun  all  temptations.  [Ser- 
mon G.] 

Annapolis,        ^s/.  Liikc  xi.  4.     1.  Uumau  nature  is  weak  in  re- 
March  18th. 
No.  132.     sisting  temptation.     Yet  many  persons  voluntarily 

expose  themselves  to  it.     Can  these,  with  propriety, 

otler  the  prayer  in  the  text?     God   promises  his  aid 

to  those  who  shun  temptations.     [Sermon  7.] 

Annapolis,        Romans  iv.  part  of  25th  vs.     1.  The  Rcsurrec 

March  '2()th.  ' 

No.  133.     2.  The  design  and  importance  of  this  event.    3.  The 

improvement  to  be  made  of  it.     [Sermon  8.] 


m 

'V' 
lit. 


ir 


{  i 


Annapolis,        St.  Mutthcw  ill.  15.     Account  of  the  preceding 

March  2Gth.      .  .  i      nu  •  4.^  1  *l  •  • 

No.  134.  Circumstances:  1.  Christ  s  example  on  this  occasion 
should  convince  us  that  it  is  our  duty  to  obey  all 
commands  of  God;  2.  Observe  the  humility  of  John 
Baptist;  3.  Notice  the  regular  proceedings  of  Divine 
Providence,  even  in  the  most  weighty  concerns.  Ap- 
plication.    [Imperfect.     Sermon  15.] 

Annapolis,        St.  Mattheiv  i.  1  to  11th  verse.      Explanation  of 

March  29th.  . 

No.  13.5. "  the  temptation  of  Christ,  with  practical  reflections 
[Sermon  16.] 

Annapolis,        Amos  vi.  1.     Multitudes  repent  of  their  sins  with- 
No.  136.     out  any  real  reformation.     The  human   heart  has 
many  ways  to  deceive  itself.     Specification  of  some 
of  these  ways.     [Sermon  9.] 


APPENDIX. 


309 


Amos  vi.  1.  Many  (Miriatians  eontont  thrmsclves  Antmpoiig, 
with  a  cold  and  partial  performance  of  their  duty.  ^'^o.'i;^;. 
[Sermon  10.] 

St.  John  i.  47,  48.     Four  of  the  disciples  of  John  AniKipniin, 
Baptist   described.     Among   them    was    Nathaniel,    '.si,.  \:\^[ 
Explain  the  meaning  of  the  words  "  in  whom  is  no 
guile,"  and  then  enciuire  if  the  description  will  agree 
with  our  own  characters?     [Sermon  17.] 

St.  John  ii.  11.     Account  of  the  miracle:  1.   Make*  Annnpnii.,, 
Bome  observations  on  this  occurrence ;  '2.  Attempt  -^'i!;''  '?';'• 

'  •  No.  13i). 

eomc  practical  improvement.     [Sermon  18.] 

St.  John  ii.  24.  The  care  of  the  Jews  in  observing  Annapolis, 
externals  of  religion  shames  the  conduct  of  many  ^  jJo  "hq." 
Christians.  Christ's  driving  the  traftickers  from  the 
Temple  shows  that  religious  buildings  have  a  rela- 
tive sanctity.  Christ  would  '•  not  commit  himself" 
to  certain  who  professed  to  be  his  disciples,  and  why  ? 
From  this,  and  other  ])assages,  we  are  persuaded  of 
Christ's  divinity.  Christ  is  therefore  omniscient. 
Have  we  always  acted  under  a  persuasion  of  this 
truth?     [Sermon  19.] 

St.  Johyi  iii.  5.  Brief  account  of  the  interview  Annapolis, 
between  Christ  and  Nicodemus.  Surprise  of  Nic-  ^o.  m." 
odemus.  Explanation  by  Christ.  "  Our  blessed 
Lord  has  united  Baptism  with  Regeneration,  and 
has  declared  the  necessity  of  both  in  the  strongest 
terms."  "The  outward  sign  must  not  be  omitted 
if  we  expect  the  inward  spiritual  grace."  "  We  learn 
from  this  discourse  of  our  Lord  with  Nicodemus, 
the  necessity  of  an  heavenly  disposition,  and  that 
our  souls  must  be  renewed  and  sanctified,  &c.  &c." 
[Sermon  20.] 

St.  Mattheiv  v.  43.     Our  Saviour  encouraged  that  Annapolis, 


310 


May  2d. 
No.  142, 


Annapolis, 

June  14th. 

No.  143. 


APPENDIX. 

affection  and  benevolence  which  is  the  most  amiable 
virtue,  the  brightest  ornament  of  human  nature. 
Our  benevolent  feelings  to  have  no  limits.  I  in- 
tend this  discourse  chiefly  as  an  introduction  to 
this  great  and  important  branch  of  Christianity. 
Paraphrase  of  the  story  of  the  good  Samaritan. 
Selfishness  the  character  of  the  present  age.  Our 
forbearance  in  religion  proceeds  from  indifference  to 
it  rather  than  from  true  charity.     [Sermon  11.] 

Proverbs  i.  10.  1.  Many  persons  endeavor  to 
seduce  others  into  sin,  and  successfully.  2.  These 
seducers  are  atrocious  sinners.  3.  "Enlarge  upon 
Solomon's  caution."      [Sermon  12.] 


June  14th. 
No.  144. 


Second  sermon  in  which  the  same  subject  is  con- 
tinued.    [Sermon  13.] 


June  20th. 
No.  145. 


June  17th. 
No.  14C. 


July  12th. 
No.  147. 


Third  sermon  in  which  the  same  subject  is  con- 
tinued.    [Sermon  14.  j 

St.  Mark  x.  16.  1.  Explain  the  nature  and  urge 
the  necessity  and  advantage  of  confirmation.  2. 
Address  myself  to  the  younger  part  of  this  congre- 
gation. 

St.  Luke  X.  41,  42.  Religion  is  a  matter  of  the 
utmost  concern  and  importance.     [Sermon  Ki.] 


July  18th. 
No.  148. 


1  Corinthians  x.  3,  4.     Comparison  between  man- 
na and  the  Gospel.     [Sermon  17.] 


I     .  I 


Proverbs  i,  24,  25,  26.  1.  God  in  tender  compas- 
sion for  mankind  continues  to  repeat  His  gracious 
invitations.  2.  Notwithstanding  this,  we  are  dis- 
posed to  reject  His  condescending  offers.  [Sermon  18.] 


APPENDIX. 


311 


NOTICES  OF  LOYALISTS. 


The  papers  of  the  Rev.  Jacob  Bailey,  which  have  been  pre- 
served, are  of  a  very  miscellaneous  character. 

Some  of  them  furnish  information  not  before  known  respect- 
ing persons  of  some  note  in  their  day.  The  notices  which 
follow,  refer,  exclusively,  to  those  who,  at  the  time  of  the  Amer- 
ican Revolution,  favored  more  or  less  the  Royal  cause. 

Great  credit  is  due  to  Lorenzo  Sabine,  Esq.,  for  his  very 
full  and  accurate  work,  containing  biographical  sketches  of 
American  Loyalists.  With  all  the  labor  which  must  have 
been  bestowed  on  that  book,  it  is  still  somewhat  imperfect, 
either  in  the  brevity  of  the  notices  of  some  of  the  persons 
spoken  of,  or  in  the  entire  omission  of  the  names  of  some  who 
adhered  to  the  British  Crown.  The  contents  of  this  Appen- 
dix supply  in  a  measure  this  deficiency.  The  present  writer 
supposed  that  there  might  be  a  general  desire  in  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church  to  learn  all  that  could  be  gathered  of  the 
history  of  those  of  its  ministers,  who  retained  their  allegiance 
in  the  trying  times  of  the  American  Revolution.  While  he 
has,  therefore,  made  full  extracts  from  the  MS.  materials  in 
his  possession  to  gratify  ''his  desire,  he  has  also  availed  him- 
self to  some  extent  of  other  sources  of  information. 

Some  of  the  persons  noticed  in  the  following  sketches  were 
in  humble  life,  and  perhaps,  on  account  of  their  never  halving 
possessed  any  extensive  influence,  it  may  be  supposed  that 
any  memorials  of  them  are  hardly  worth  preserving.  Still 
these  slight  sketches  will  probably  have  a  local  interest.  More 
than  this,  they  serve  also  in  some  degree  as  contributions  to 
the  general  history  of  the  State  in  which  the  subjects  of  them 
lived.  The  writer  of  the  present  Memoir  could  not  resist  the 
desire  which  he  felt  to  select  from  the  time-worn  MSS.  which 


312 


APPENDIX. 


"t  j " 


-:  1! 


i.j!i:.     :! 


were  intrusted  to  him,  such  facts  as  appeared  worthy  of  being 
inserted  in  an  Appendix.  From  the  increasing  interest  now 
felt  not  only  in  Antiquarian  but  Genealogical  researches,  the 
compiler  feels  assured  of  the  readiness  with  which  many  will 
read  every  one  of  the  following  articles.  They  who  are  not 
interested  in  some  of  these  brief  sketches  can  of  course  pass 
them  over,  with  the  consolation  that  the  insertion  of  them  adds 
nothing  to  the  price  of  the  book  in  which  they  are  contained. 

Rev.  Edward  Bass,  D.  I).,  and  first  Bish       jf  the  Protestant 
Episcopal  Church  in  Massac. jsetts. 

Mr.  Bass's  ancestors  were  among  the  first  settlers  of  Massachusetts  Colony,  and 
settled  in  Roxbury  about  1633.  In  about  ten  years  they  removed  theiice  to  Braintree 
(now  Quincy.) 

The  subject  of  this  notice  was  born  in  Dorchester,  Mass.,  Nov.  23d,  1726.  He 
entered  Harvard  College  when  he  was  thirteen  years  old,  and  graduated  in  17-11.  For 
some  years  after  he  was  engaged  in  the  instruction  of  youth,  and  in  theological  studies. 
He  was  licensed  to  preach  among  the  Congrfgationalists,  if  indeed  he  w.is  not  or- 
dained a  minister  by  them.*  On  the  24th  ot  May,  1752,  he  was  admitted  to  Deacon's 
Orders  by  the  Bishop  of  London,  and  having  sliortly  afterwards  been  ordained  Priest, 
he  returned  to  his  native  country,  and  on  the  death  of  the  Rev.  Matthias  Plant,  Minis- 
ter of  Queen  Anne's  Church  in  Newbury,  M-iss.,  took  charge  of  that  Parisli. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  American  Revolution,  Mr.  Bass,  in  common  with  the 
other  Ministers  of  the  English  Church,  was  placed  in  a  situation  of  extreme  embar- 
rassment. 

It  would  seem,  that  to  a  certain  e;:.ent,  he  complied  with  the  wishes  of  the  officers 
of  his  Church,  and  omitted  the  prayers  for  the  Royal  Family.  The  following  papers 
will  show  the  light  in  which  he  was  regarded  by  the  Society  in  England,  whose  Mis- 
sionary he  was.  In  writing  to  the  Secretary  of  that  Society,  under  date  of  Nov.  9th, 
1781,  Rev.  J.  Bailey  says :  "  At  the  earnest  request  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bass,  the  late 
Missionary  at  Newburyport,  I  venture  to  lay  before  you  the  following  representation 
of  his  circumstances  and  conduct,  and,  if  it  will  not  give  offence  to  the  Society,  I  beg 
you  will  communicate  it.  Two  gentlemen,  upon  whose  veracity  and  honor  I  can  ontirely 
depend,  have  lately  been  with  me,  and  affirm  that  Mr.  Bass  is  a  mo>t  sincere  friend  to 
Government ;  that  though  he  was  obliged  to  omit  the  \isual  prayers  for  tdc  King,  yet 
he  never  could  be  induced  to  pray  for  the  revolters,  either  in  the  civil  or  miliiary  de- 
partment ;  that  he  has  always  refused  to  read  the  resolves,  declarations  or  any  other 
papers  appointed  by  rebel  authority  ;  that  he  has  been  of  great  service  in  moderating 
the  violent,  in  confirming  the  doubtful,  and  in  making  converts  of  such  as  would 
attend  to  his  arguments,  and  that  it  is  his  most  sincere  design  to  promote  the  interests 
of  the  Church,  and  the  supremacy  of  Br  tain  over  her  Colonies.  I  can  attest  the 
greater  par*;  of  the  above  account,  and  I  always  considered  him  as  an  honest,  worthy 
man,  and  I  am  authorized  to  observe  that  he  is  .he  more  deeply  aifected  in  having  for- 
feited the  favor  of  that  venerable  body  which  he  served  so  long,  than  at  the  loss  of 
his  salary,  though  he  is  wholly  subsisted  by  charity."    In  reply  to  this  statement, 


Cl'V' 


*  "  The  bearer.  Mr.  Bass,  has  prcncliPil  for  some  tliiic  anions  the  dissenters,  to  good  accrptaiicc,    F, 
MiLLlB."— y/fwiins'  Altssions  of  Church  o/  Eiitjland,  p.  '219. 


Y  of  being 
erest  now 
rches,  the 
many  will 
o  are  not 
ur8e  pass 
hem  adds 
>ntained. 

i^rotestant 


Colony,  and 
to  Braintree 

1,  1726.  He 
n  1744.  For 
^ical  studies, 
was  not  or- 
to  Deacon's 
lined  Priest, 
^lant,  Minis- 
is,h. 

ion  with  the 
reme  embar- 

tlie  officers 
wing  papers 
who.se  Mis- 
[)f  Nov.  9th, 
iss,  the  late 
jrescntation 
iciety,  I  beg 
can  i?ntirely 
?re  t'ricnd  to 
c  King,  yet 
military  de- 
ir  any  other 
moderating 
:h  as  would 
he  interests 

utte.st  the 
est,  worthy 
having  for- 
ihe  loss  of 
htateinent, 


eptaiioe.    F. 


■  ■/■  ■ 


\.'J 


•4, 


^^t 


;iC 


■•4' 


-A 


l'<h 


L' ' 

m  <^            ' 

1 

l^jj           It 

i 

'    i 

1 
1 

1  -; 

1' 

ra 

'1    ' 

! 
1 

r 

li'  ' 

1 

III 

Br 
jH||ii 

1^1 

Hi 

'■'■i 


M 


1:1 


¥ 

f, 

..  ■; 

!^ 

\'\ 

APPENDIX. 


313 


the  Secretary  of  tha  Venerable  Society  says,  January  2!)'h,  1782 :  "  That  part  of  your 
letter  which  concerns  Mr.  Bass,  has  a  little  surprised  me,  since  among  other  witnesses 
of  his  disloyal  principles  and  conduct,  you  cecm  to  have  been  among  the  number.  For 
when  Mr.  (Rev.  J.  W.  W.)  Weeks  was  in  Kngland,  he  assured  me  in  these  words  : 
'That  Mr.  Bass  went  so  far  as  to  preach  a  sermon,  exhorting  his  hearers  to  give  their 
money  liberally  for  clothing  the  rebel  soldiers.  Mr.  Bailey,  my  brother,  was  present 
on  the  occasion,  and  heard  the  sermon.'  I  should  be  glad  if  you  would  explain  this 
and,  if  you  can,  reconcile  it  with  your  last  letter.  The  clergy  of  Boston,  in  the  begin- 
ning of  the  troubles,  disapproved  of  Mr.  Iviss's  conduct,  and  wrote  over  that  he 
complied  too  far  with  the  prevailing  powers.  He  is  said  to  have  kept  all  the  Fasts, 
&c.,  appointed  by  Congress,  and  to  have  read  the  Declaration  of  Independency  in 
his  Church.  All  this  Mr.  Bass  must  clear  himself  of,  and  very  fully  too,  before  he 
can  be  restored  to  the  Sucicty's  favor.  P.  S.  If  Mr.  Bass  had  been  truly  loyal,  I 
can't  see  how  it  was  possible  for  him  to  stay  at  IVewburyport,  a  place  so  much  in  favor 
of  the  other  part." 

In  answering  this  letter,  May  4th,  of  the  same  year.  Rev.  J.  Bailey  says  :  "  With 
respect  to  Mr.  Bass,  and  the  information  I  gave  to  Mr.  Weeks,  the  case  is,  in  brief, 
as  follows :  being  compelled  to  leave  my  family  to  avoid  confinement  on  board  a 
guard  ship,  I  wandered  through  the  country,  and  about  the  middle  of  November  came 
to  Newburyport,  and  was  at  Church  on  a  day  of  public  thanksgiving  appointed  by  the 
Congress.  Mr.  Bass  desired  me  to  preach,  but  I  refused,  assuring  him  that  I  would 
never  deliver  a  charity  sermon  to  collect  money  for  clothing  the  rebel  soldiers.  This 
I  repeated  soon  after  to  Mr.  Weeks,  but,  as  nearlv  as  I  can  remember,  Mr.  Bass  gave 
us  a  general  discourse,  without  descending  to  particulars,  or  even  mentioning  the 
occasion  of  the  solemnity.  After  sermon,  the  collection  was  made.  Manv  refused  to 
contribute,  and  a  lady  of  some  distinction  declared  with  a  spirited  voice,  '  I  will  never 
give  a  single  penny  towards  the  support  of  rebels."  This  bold  declaration  was  per- 
haps the  occasion  of  my  retaining  the  above  in  my  memory.  I  am  very  confident, 
both  from  the  repeated  assertions  of  Mr.  Bass  himself,  and  other  circumstances,  that 
he  refused  to  read  the  Declaration  of  Independency,  and  he  became,  on  that  account, 
extremely  obnoxious  to  the  violent  party.  I  am  certain  that  he  was  publicly  reported 
for  a  Tory,  and  I  was,  one  evening  just  upon  my  arrival  at  his  house,  witness  to  a 
scene  equally  ludicrous  and  indecent,  for  as  he  was  returning  from  an  entertainment 
■with  his  wife,  he  was  pursued  along  the  street  by  near  two  hundred  persons,  who  pelted 
him  with  dirt  and  stones,  and  created  him  with  the  most  indelicate  language.  »  « 
On  the  whole,  I  am  persuaded  that  Mr.  Bass  was  conducted  into  his  deviations,  not 
from  even  the  least  inclination  lb  the  cause  of  the  revolters,  but  from  A  mistaken  zeal 
for  the  Church,  which,  he  imagined,  in  some  measure,  would  justify  his  compliance." 
Rev.  S.  Parker,  Rector  of  Trinity  Church,  Boston,  writes  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  Dec.  22, 
1782.  "  Mr."  (Rev.  J.  W.)  "  Weeks  was  dismissed  from  the  Society's  service  with 
much  greater  reason,  I  think,  than  poor  brother  Bass,  whose  loyalty  during  the  whole 
contest  has  stood  unimpeached." 

The  following  is  from  a  letter  from  Rev.  Edward  Bass,  Newburyport,  Dec.  2Dth, 
1783  :  "That  I  sho«-e  I  a  readinoss  to  keep  all  the  Congress  Fasts,  as  Dr.  Morice  hath 
been  informed,  is  not  true.  I  complied  with  much  reluctance.  It  is  indeed  true  that 
I  did  generally  open  my  Church  on  those  days,  but  not  in  consequence  of  orders  or 
commands  from  any  Rebel  authority  whatever,  none  of  whose  papers  I  ever  once 
read  in  Church,  but  of  the  earnest  request  of  my  parishioners,  who  represented  it  to 
me  as  the  only  probable  way  of  saving  the  Church  from  destruction,  while  people  in 
general  were  in  such  a  frenzy.  Besides  a  number  of  private  letters  written  by  my 
friends  in  my  favor,  my  wardens  did  last  year  sign  a  testimonial  of  my  loyalty;  the 
Hon'ble  Mark  H.  Wentworth  and  George  Jaftrey  presented  me  with  another,  which 
I  begged  the  favor  of  Governor  Wentworth  to  present  to  the  Society." 

40 


314 


APPENDIX. 


;5J  •  :h'' 


In  a  postscript  to  a  letter  from  Rev.  Edward  Biiss.in  tlieSprinsc  of  1781,  he  says:  "  Hy 
the  i^oo J  offices  of  your  IJrotherWi'cks,  this  Church  is,  Ithiiik,  like  to  fall  very  soon." 

Kfv.  J.  Bailey  wrote  to  the  subject  of  this  .sketch,  March  7th,  1787:  "  I  received 
a  letter  from  you  last  .Xovenibcr,  with  your  remarks  upon  tlio  .Society.*  Our  Brotlic r 
Cl.uk,  formerly  of  Dcdiiain,  was  present,  from  wiiom  I  ehierty  collected  the  following; 
account  of  your  all'iirs.  After  Mr.  Weeks  had  procured,  by  his  representations,  a 
suspension  of  your  pay,  my  letters  and  other  testimonials  arrived  in  your  favour, 
wliich  induced  the  Board  to  revise  your  case,  and  to  make  some  furtlicr  enquiries.  In 
consequence  of  which,  one  8aher  was  produced,  who  declared  upon  oath  that  he  had 
been  a  parishioner  of  yours  ;  that  you  omitted  all  the  prayers  for  His  Majesty,  etc., 
observed  all  the  rebellious  fasts  and  tliiuiksgivins?s,  and  read  the  Declaration  for  Inde- 
pendence, without  the  advice,  and  contrary  to  the  desire  of  your  Parish,  and  that  you 
not  only  encouraged  privateering,  but  was  actually  engaged  in  tlie  plunder  of  British 
property.  (Quere,  wlio  was  tliis  iSaltcr  ?  Was  it  not  Malachi,  who  visited  NewF.ug- 
land  in  the  autumn  of  1777,  and  who  afterwards  made  a  voyage  to  London  ?)  Tliis 
evidence,  however,  greatly  increased,  or  rather  confirmed  every  prejudice  against  you. 
After  this,  your  friends  exhibited  several  circumstances  in  your  favour,  and  had  so  far 
elucidated  your  character,  that  a  restoration  was  almost  agreed  to.  Upon  which  Mr. 
Clark  was  examined  for  a  decidmg  voice,  the  Arch-Bishop  assuring  him  that  should 
his  testimony  prove  favoural  le,  the  Society  would  confirm  your  salary.  But  this  gen- 
tleman, it  appears,  declared  upon  his  honour,  that  he  regarded  you  as  a  friend  to  the 
rebellion,  upon  which  they  immediately  passed  a  vote  of  reprobation.  I  have  had 
several  warm  altercations  with  Mr.  Clark  on  this  subject,  and  have  demanded  the 
foundation  of  his  opinion.  In  reply,  he  alleges,  that  upon  a  visit  with  Mrs.  Bass,  at 
Dediiam,  he  conceived  that  both  you  and  your  lai'y  were  greatly  attached  to  the  rebel- 
lion ;  but,  I  conjecture,  that  he  was  chiefly  influenced  in  his  sentiments  by  what  Mr. 
Weeks  and  others  had  asserted." 

Several  letters  from  Mr.  Buss  of  a  later  date  are  preserved.  They  relate  mainly  to 
domestic  matters.  Some  o;  them  inclosed  letters  to  his  brothers  Joseph  and  John 
Bass,  then  living  in  the  neighborhood  of  Mr.  Bailey. 

Tlie  degree  of  1).  D.  was  conferred  on  Mr.  Bass  by  the  University  of  Pennsylvania, 
in  178'J.  Seven  years  after.  Dr.  Bass  was  chosen  Bishop  of  Massachusetts,  and  in 
179"  was  consecrated  in  Philadelphia,  by  Bishop  White;  Bishops  Provost  and  Chiggett 
assisting.  At  the  request  of  the  Churches  in  Rhode  Island  and  Mew  Hampshire,  he 
exercised  his  Episcopate  in  those  Stales.  Until  his  death,  which  happened  in  1803, 
he  retained  the  charge  of  St.  Paul's  Church,  in  Newburyport,  which  he  had  held  for 
the  long  space  of  fifty-one  years.  He  is  yet  remembered  in  Newburyport,  as  a  person 
of  a  remarkably  cheerful  and  even  temperament,  a  lover  of  peace,  to  such  an  extent 
as  to  have,  on  .some  occasions,  sacrificed  his  own  undoubted  rights,  rather  than  to  con- 
tend with  avaricious  and  quarrelsome  neighbors.  Such  traits  arc  remembered  when 
even  the  learning  of  their  suliject  is  forgotten.  Prom  the  unusual  advantages  he  pos- 
sessed in  youth,  and  his  diligent  habits  at  that  time,  it  is  probable  that  his  acquire- 
ments were  greater  than  common. 

A  marble  monument,  with  a  Latin  inscription,  written  by  his  assistant  and  suc- 
cessor in  the  Rectorship,  the  late  Rev.  James  Morss,  D.  D.,  is  erected  to  his  memory 
in  the  Cliurchyard  of  St.  Paul's,  Newburyport. 


*  This  probably  relates  to  a  pamphlet  published  by  Mr.  Bass,  of  which  the  following  is  the  title  : 
"  A  brief  Account  of  the  treatment  wliich  Mr.  Unss,  late  Missionary  from  the  Society  for  the  I'rop- 
ayation  of  the  Gospel  in  Kori'lKU  I'arts,  at  Newhury-l'ort,  New  Kiiylaiiii,  hatli  received  from  saiil 
Society.  Drawn  up  by  Illmself.  with  Ueniarlss  upon  particular  I'arta  of  it,  and  ailtlresscd  to  tlio  ini- 
partial  Tublic.  Ailmonlsli  a  I'riciul,  it  may  he  lu  halli  nut  dune  it.  Admonish  thy  Friend,  it  may  lie 
he  hath  not  said  it.  Adaionish  a  Friend,  for  many  Tiines  it  is  a  Slander,  and  believe  not  every  Tale.— 
Kcdes.  xix.  13,  U,  15.    London :  Trintcd  in  the  Year  ilJJCCL-VXXVl." 


m- 


ArPENDIX. 


815 


The  writer  of  the  above  heard  Rev.  Dr.  Morss  relate  the  following  anecdote  a  few 
years  since :  — 

About  the  time  that  the  monument  to  Uishop  Bass  was  erected,  the  Hector  of  the 
Parish  preached  a  sermon  on  the  death  of  Alexander  Hamilton,  which  sermon  con- 
tained a  warm  eulof^y  on  the  deceasi  d.  A  democratic  parishioner  shortly  after  met 
his  Rector,  and  observed  :  "  Mr.  Morss,  if  your  inscription  on  good  Bishop  Bass'a 
monument  had  been  in  English,  and  yo\ir  eulogy  on  Alexander  Hamilton  had  been  in 
Latin,  I.  for  one,  should  have  been  murh  better  pleased." 

The  present  writer  would  beg  leave  to  say,  that  he  fully  agrees  with  the  parishioner 
in  that  part  of  his  observation  whirh  refers  to  Bishop  Bass.  As  the  memory  of  a 
devoted  minister  or  bishop  should  be  dear  to  the  liumblest  of  those  under  his  charge, 
so,  it  would  seem  to  bo  self-evident,  that  enduring  tritiutes  to  his  virtui  s  should  bo  in 
a  language  that  all  interested  ran  read.  They  who  have  acquired  a  world-wide  repu- 
tation may  be  commemorated  in  a  language  common  to  the  Icaruod  in  all  lands.  But 
he  whose  praise  it  was,  that  he  did  the  work  of  liis  Divine  Master  in  a  faithful  spirit, 
can  look  for  no  extensive  renown.  'While  no  reason  can  be  given  tor  the  use  of  that 
which  is  "  an  unknown  tongue  "  to  the  great  mass  of  those  who  w mid  gladly  reaii 
his  epitaph,  the  employment  of  such  a  tongue  of  course  virtually  defeats,  in  no  small 
degree,  the  object  for  which  his  monument  was  erected. 

Rev.  Joshua  Winoatk  Wek.ks,  Rector  of  St.  IMichael's 
Church,  Marble  head,  Mass. 

Joshua.  Wixoate  Wkf.ks  was  the  oldest  child  of  Col.  John  and  Mrs.  Martha 
Weeks,  and  was  born  in  Hampton,  N.  H.,  17 — .  He  graduated  at  Harvard  College 
in  17'58,  and  married  Miss  Sarah  Treadwell,  of  Ipswich,  Mass. 

In  November,  1762,  the  Vestry  of  St.  Michael's  Church,  Marblehead,  "  Voted,  that 
the  Sum  of  £30  .Sterling  be  Laid  on  the  pews  of  said  Church  to  Defray  the  Charge  of 
Mr.  Weeks  Going  home  to  London  to  Receive  Orders  for  said  Church." 

His  marriage,  as  he  states  in  a  letter,  dated  London,  March,  1703,  took  place  before 
he  left  America.  He  returned  to  Marblehead  in  July  of  that  year,  and  entered  upon 
his  duties  as  Rector  of  St.  Michael's  but  did  not  reside  there  wholly  till  after  the 
lapse  of  one  year.  No  hint  is  to  be  found  of  the  reason  of  his  leaving  the  faith  of 
his  family,  who  were  all  Congregationalist^,  and  seeking  for  Orders  in  the  Church  of 
England. 

Several  letters,  which  passed  between  him  and  Rev.  Mr.  Bailey,  are  in  existence. 
From  these,  it  would  seem  that  the  first  eleven  years  of  his  Rectorship  at  Marblehead 
were  passed  in  quiet  enjoyment.  During  that  time  he  made  several  visits  io  Pownal- 
borough,  and  purchaed  about  eighty  acres  of  land,  which,  to  the  present  day,  bear 
his  name.  A  letter  of  his,  of  the  date  of  Nov.  10th,  1771,  contains  gloomy  forebod- 
ings as  to  himself  and  his  family.  The  following  year  he  and  they  were  driven  from 
^Marblehead,  by  political  persecutions,  and  were  obliged  to  seek  refuge  with  Rev.  Mr. 
Bailey,  at  Pownalborough.  Some  account  of  this  is  given  in  the  previous  Memoir, 
p.  108.  They  were  here,  at  times,  at  least,  from  April,  177o,  to  May  of  the  following 
year.  His  family  resided  in  Pownalborough  during  that  time.  In  June  of  that  year, 
Mr.  Weeks  and  his  family  returned  to  Marblehead.  In  a  letter  from  that  place  to 
Mr.  Bailey,  dated  April  2nth,  1777,  Mr.  Weeks  says :  "  You  ask  me  '  how  I  live  .' '  I 
am  happy  to  tell  you  that  my  friends  are  uncommonly  kind,  and  even  strangers  are 
remarkably  liberal,  and  I  have  received  the  most  unlimited  offers  from  persons  I  never 
knew."  *  *  "You  ask,  '  why  I  ceased  to  oflioiatc  ? '  Because  the  General  Court 
passed  an  Act  against  preaching,  or  praying,  with  a  design  of  bringing  independence 


316 


APPENDIX. 


iri. 


into  (lUf^race,  etc.,  etc.  My  beinn  obliged  to  fly  and  tlio  treatment  I  received  were 
fully  related  in  the  English  papers,  and  from  thenco  were  inserted  in  the  monthly 
IVlaprnzines,  etc." 

Mr.  Weeks  wrote  to  Mr.  Bailey  from  Do-ston,  May  2d,  1778.  He  says  :  "  I  am  here 
in  order  to  get  liberty  from  the  Court  to  ro  away,  but  have  the  mortification  to  find 
my  petition  rejected  Ijy  tlie  House  after  having  licen  fully  and  literally  granted  by  the 
Council  by  an  unanimous  vote.  So  there  is  an  end  of  thinking  to  go  away  by  leave, 
Mr.  Clark  of  Dcdham  hath  liberty  to  go,  though  I  am  detained." 

A  letter  from  Uev.  Mr.  llailey  to  the  siiliject  of  this  skctcli,  and  addressed  to  him  at 
Newport,  K.  I.,  dated  Nov.  L'Stli,  177H,  says;  "  I  was  driven  from  the  regions  of  Ken- 
nebeck  about  the  12th  of  July,  by  a  warrant,  to  Duston.  Up(m  iny  arrival  I  found  that 
you  were  fled,  from  a  prosecution  of  the  like  nature,  to  Hliode  Island."  Joseph  Domctto 
wrote  to  Uev.  J.  Bailey,  Boston,  Dec.  I,  of  this  year  ;  '•  Mr.  Gardiner  arrived  at  New 
York  too  late  to  see  either  his  father,  or  Mr.  Weeks,  who  had  sailed  for  I'lngland." 
In  the  spring  of  the  following  year,  the  following  was  written  by  llcv.  William  Clark, 
at  London  :  "  Tlie  Bev.  Mr.  Weeks,  being  driven  from  the  large  and  flourishing 
Church  of  !Marblcliead,  left  that  Province  soon  after  I  did,  and  for  similar  reasons, 
and  is  now  going  to  Nova  Scotia  with  a  recommendation  from  the  Society  here  to  the 
Governor  and  Council  of  that  Province."  Mr.  Bailey,  in  a  letter  to  a  friend  a  few 
months  after,  says  :  "I  am  sorry  to  And  that  Mr.  M'ecks  meets  with  any  obstructions 
to  his  settlement  at  Annapolis.  Tlic  Governor  and  Council,  for  certain  impenetrable 
reasons,  seem  determined  to  retain  Mr.  Fisher  in  that  Mission."  And  shortly  after, 
Mr.  Bailey  says  :  "  About  three  weeks  after  my  settlement  at  Halifax,  Mr.  Weeks 
arrived  from  England,  whicli  afforded  a  great  addition  to  our  happiness,  lie  is  ap- 
pointed Missionary  at  Annapolis  lioyal,  with  a  salary  of  £lt!)  per  Annum,  but  will 
continue  at  present  in  tliis  Metropolis."  He  continued  there  from  July  IGth,  to  Sep- 
tember 7th,  when  he  sailed  for  iSow  York.  While  he  was  at  that  place,  he  says  :  "  The 
Refugees  from  Massachusetts  Bay  had  a  meeting  to  choose  a  proper  person  to  repre- 
sent them  at  the  ]5oard.  They  condescended  to  choose  me  Moderator.  I  thought  it 
an  honour,  and  a  great  one,  nor  shall  I  ever  be  ashamed  of  such  company.  For  when 
I  looked  around  me  I  beheld  men  eminent  for  their  abilities,  their  birth,  their  opu- 
lence and  connexions  ;  and  had  the  cause  in  which  we  had  been  engaged  been  a  bad 
one,  men  of  such  character  would  have  added  lustre  to  it,  and  made  it  respectable." 
A  letter  from  Rev.  Dr.  Breyiiton,  Nov.  27th,  177!*,  says  :  "  You  are  no  stranger  to  the 
arrival  of  Mrs.  Weeks  and  her  eight  children.  Besides  some  donations,  Mrs.  Weeks 
will  be  allowed  about  5  sliillings  per  diem,  and  Mr.  Weeks  will  be  directed  to  draw  for 
the  Society's  £70,  and  the  other  £70  will  be  given  to  (llcv.)  Mr.  Fisher,  till  the  whole 
of  that  afl'air  can  be  finally  settled." 

It  was  not  till  the  spring  of  the  following  year,  that  Weeks  was  able  to  join  his 
family  in  IJalifax.  In  the  following  summer  he  writes  :  "  llogers  has  been  with  me, 
and  offered  me  one  of  his  battalions,  you  know  he  came  from  tlie  same  Province." 

Rev.  Mr.  Bailey  says,  in  a  letter  to  Rev.  Edward  Bass,  July  28th,  1784:  "  What- 
ever might  be  the  motives  which  induced  Mr.  Weeks  in  his  endeavors  to  injure  you,* 
it  has  returned  upon  himself,  and  he  is  at  present  in  no  eligible  situation  ;  in  the  ex- 
pensive town  of  Halifax,  with  a  large  family  he.is  reduced  to  about  sixty  Pounds,  as 
half-pay  Chaplain  to  the  Orange  Rangers,  and  fifty-two  guineas,  which  are  deducted 
from  my  perquisites."  In  the  summer  of  the  following  year,  Mr.  Bailey  says,  in  writ- 
ing to  a  friend :  "  As  to  Mr.  Weeks,  he  has  been  to  England,  and.  after  writing  three 
humiliating  letters  to  the  Society,  was  admitted  candidate  for  a  vacancy,  with  this 
express  condition,  on  record,  that  he  should  first  resign  the  contested  Chaplaiuship. 


'  See  letter  from  Bisliop  Bass,  page  201. 


APPENDIX. 


317 


But  micli  WHS  his  intlpxible  obstinacy  and  steadfast  doformination  to  injure  mo,  that 
he  refused,  and  returned  10  Halifax,  tiiou^h  he  nii^ht  have  been  settled  at  Dipby." 

Tliis  in  ittor  of  the  ehaplainsliip  is  spoken  of  in  the  foregoing  Memoir,  pp.  'J.'i7,  2.18. 
It  was  the  means  of  8uspcndini<  all  intercourse  between  the  family  of  Mr.  IJailey,  and 
that  of  his  brother-ill  law,  nor  is  there  any  evidence  that  this  intercourse  was  ever 
restored.  All  that  is  known  by  the  present  writer  of  tlio  subseiiuent  life  of  Mr. 
Weeks,  is  contained  in  "  Aikiu's  Sketch  of  the  llisc  and  Progress  of  tiie  Churcii  of 
England,  etc.  Halifax:  1841>."  The  author  of  this  work  says,  p.  49,  "The  names 
and  stations  of  the  Clergy  in  the  Diocese  (of  Nova  Scotia)  at  this  time,  (i.  e.,  M'M,) 
were  as  follows  :  Joshua  W.  Weeks,  at  Preston."  And  In  a  note  at  the  foot  of  the 
same  page,  "  Removed  to  Guysborough  in  17!''5,  on  the  death  of  Mr.  De  la  llochc." 
The  Triennial  Catalogue  of  Harvard  College  gives  18')1  as  the  date  of  his  death. 

Rev.  William  Clakk,  R<^ctor  of  8t.  Paul's  Church,  Dodhaui, 

Massachusetts. 

This  gentleman  was  the  sou  of  Ki-v.  I'cter  Clark,  of  Danvers,  Mass.  lie  graduated 
at  Harvard  College  in  17'50,  and  returned  from  London  to  Boston,  (whii her  he  had 
gone  to  take  Holy  Orders,)  in  a  ship  commanded  by  Capt.  Hall,  in  17(59.  He  was 
appointed  to  the  charge  of  the  Church  in  Stoughton  and  Dedham. 

Mr.  Clark  wrote  to  Mr.  Bailey,  Dedham,  July  10th,  1772,  and  expressed  his  desire  to 
obtain  the  Parish' at  (Jcorgetown,  Mc.,  because  the  salary  at  Dedham  was  small,  and 
likely  to  remain  so,  until  the  estate  belonging  to  the  Parish  in  reversion  sluuild  fall  in. 
In  1771,  the  inhabitants  of  the  two  townships  (i.  e.  Granville  and  ,)  addressed  an 

invitation  to  the  Rev.  Mr.  Clark,  the  Missionary  at  Dedham,  Mass.,  to  come  and  settle 
among  them,  promising,  at  the  same  time,  to  contribute  towards  his  support.  They 
stated  that  the  greater  part  of  them  had  "  been  educated  and  brought  up  in  the  Con- 
gregational way  of  worship,  and  therefore  should  have  chosen  to  have  a  minister  of 
that  form  of  worship,  but  the  Rev.  Mr.  Wood,  by  his  preaching,  and  performing  the 
other  offices  of  his  holy  function  amongst  us  in  the  several  districts  of  this  county, 
hath  removed  our  former  ])rcjudices  that  we  had  against  the  forms  of  worship  of  the 
Church  of  England,  as  by  law  established,  and  hath  won  us  to  a  good  opinion  thereof, 
inasmuch  as  he  hath  removed  all  our  scruples  of  receiving  the  Holy  Sacrament  of  the 
Lord's  Supper  in  that  form  of  administering  it ;  at  least  many  of  us  are  now  com- 
municants with  him,  and  wc  trust  and  believe  many  more  will  soon  be  added."  * 

Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks  says.  May  2d,  1778  :  "  Mr.  Clark  hath  leave  to  go  out  of  the 
country,  but  I  am  refused."  The  same  person,  in  writing  shortly  after  to  the  Venera- 
ble Society,  saysf:  "  Mr.  Clark,  of  Dedham,  on  account  of  his  health,  got  liberty  of 
the  rebels  to  go  to  Newport.  He  is  excessively  deaf,  so  that  he  cannot  perform  divine 
service.  Some  refugees  and  inhabitants  of  Newport  had  subscribed  about  £30  sterling 
for  his  support.  Though  he  has  no  family  but  a  wife,  yet  he  is  in  great  need,  and 
merits  compassion  from  all.  He  was  taken  up  last  year  and  tried  at  the  same  time  I 
was,  and  his  lawyer  deceiving  him  by  going  out  of  town  when  he  ought  to  have  been 
in  court,  he  was,  without  the  least  colour  of  evidence  against  him,  condemned,  and 
confined  for  some  time  on  board  the  guard  ship,  by  which  his  health  was  much  injured, 
and  his  voice  so  affected  that  he  can  hardly  be  understood."  Mr.  Clark  writes,  Lon- 
don, March  3d,  1779  :  "  I  had  the  bappiness  to  live  in  peace  at  Dedham  till  the  spring 
of  1777,  when  their  jealousy  being  excited  by  a  trifling  occasion,  I  was  sentenced  to 
banishment  and  confined  on  board  a  ship,  for  nothing  more  than  refusing  to  acknowl- 
edge the  Independency  of  America,  which  was  contrary  to  the  sentiments  I  had  of 


11 


*  Hawkins'  Sllssions,  <bc.,  p.  361-2. 


t  Hawkins'  Missluns,  p.  260. 


318 


A  p  r  E  M)  r  X . 


I :;!'(; 


(■  . 


my  duty  to  my  kin^,  my  country,  anil  my  Ood.  I  wan,  howrvor,  kept  n  prisoner  till 
liiHt  Jiinp,  wlien  1  not  pcrmissiim  to  Ir^avc  their  dominionK,  nnd  after  sprndiiif^  u  few 
months  at  Rhode  Island  and  New  York,  1  left  America  aijoiit  (;hristmas,  aiid  iirrivcd 
here  in  Fehniary  hy  way  of  Ireland.  Hy  my  confinenipnt  in  Anierica,  I  nontraeted  a 
disorder,  which  disables  me  from  preaching,  and  whether  I  shall  ever  recover  from  it 
is  at  present  uncertain."  In  answer  to  a  remark  of  Mr.  Clark's  letter  of  Novemher 
of  this  year — "  I  have  not  heard  since  I  loft  her  in  Ilhodc  Island  about  a  year  n^n." — 
Mr.  Uailey  replies;  "  I  saw  Mr.  Weeks  last  July,  and  made  i)artienlar  iniiuiries  con- 
cerning the  death  of  Mrs,  Clark,  and  ail  the  information  I  could  obtain  was,  that  she 
died  about  the  middle  of  .September,  a  fortni:,'ht  after  her  delivi  ry,  and  that  her  child 
did  not  lonn  survive  her."  Under  date  of  London,  May  2lst,  17H,'{,  Mr.  Clark  writes  ; 
"  I  have  now  the  satisfacfinn  to  inform  you  that  (ioverniuent  granted  me  a  pensicm  of 
JL60  per  annum,  and  I  have  lately  got  leave  to  rotiio  to  Nova-Scotia  and  enjoy  my 
«  pension  there."  It  was  not  till  more  than  three  years  after  this  that  Mr.  Clark  was 
enabled  to  realize  his  wish  of  returning?  to  Amtrica.  In  his  letter  from  Ha]it'ii.\,  ,Juiio 
?,'),  1780,  he  writes;  "  I  have  the  satisfaction  to  inform  you  that  I  arrived  hero  21st 
instant,  in  the  Trooper,  ('apt.  lirowse,  after  a  tedious  passage  of  eight  weeks  from 
London."  In  the  atitumn  of  the  same,  Mr  Clark  was  residing  with  the  Hev.  J.  Uailey 
at  Annapolis.  Shortly  after,  Mr.  Uailey  said  in  his  report  to  the  Venera  dc  iSocicty: 
"  The  Rev.  Mr.  Clark  is  with  me,  and  has  assisted  in  administering  the  sacrament  and 
reading  prayers,  and  I  am  encouraged  liy  his  increasing  health,  to  hope  that  ho  may 
be  able  to  perl'orm  service  with  still  greater  satisfaction  to  himself  and  others."  And 
ftfterward.s,  in  a  letter  to  a  correspondent,  Mr.  Dailey  says:  "  Mr.  Clark  was  married 
about  the  20th  November  last  and  lives  at  the  next  door,  so  that  I  have  still  the  benefit 
of  liis  Millenary  library."  And  in  anotiier  letter  Mr.  TJ.  says  :  '  Mr.  Clark  is  married 
to  a  little,  pretty,  delicate,  chattering  woman,  about  twenty-eight,  as  unable  to  rough 
it  as  himself.  It  is  a  disadvantage  to  Mr.  C,  that  he  is  totally  ignorant  of  gardening 
and  farming."  From  a  previous  communication,  we  learn  that  the  lady's  name  was 
Mrs.  Dunbar,  a  young  widow  from  New  York. 

Mr.  Clark  had  removed  to  Digby,  N.  S.,  previous  to  June  2d,  1787,  for  he  wrote  to 
Mr.  Bailey  under  that  date.  In  that  letter  he  says  :  "  It  seems  that  a  number,  perhaps 
forty  or  fifty,  of  half-pay  offictrs  and  loyalists  of  this  Province  were  represented 
as  apostates,  and  loitering  away  their  time  and  money  in  the  rebel  countr\,  of  which 
mimbcr  I  had  the  honor  to  be  reckoned  one,  and  consequently  my  pension  was  stopped 
on  this  pretence,  even  before  I  had  arrived  at  Annapolis  the  last  summer,  but  ray 
agent,  by  his  \igilance,  got  a  reprieve  for  me  and  two  others  he  names,  till  oth  July 
next,  in  order  to  give  them  time  to  let  them  know  that  I  continued  loyal,  alive,  and 
in  statu  quo.  «  *  *  The  Wardens  here  have  asked  me  to  preach,  which  I  de- 
clined, as  I  ever  wished  to  begin  the  trial  by  reading  prayers  only."  Mr.  Clark  was  in 
Digby  Oct.  6,  178',).  He  returned  to  this  country  and  resided  in  Quincy.  He  died  in 
1815,  and  was  buried  in  the  church-yard  of  his  last  residence,  his  grave  being  in  iked 
by  a  monument,  the  inscription  of  which  is  in  Latin. 

Rev.  John  Wiswall,  Rector  of  St.  Paul's  C  l^'almouth, 

(now  Portland,)  Maine. 

Wm.  WiiiLis.  Esq.,  in  his  laborious  and  accurate  edition  of  ^ulllh's  Jo  rnal,  page 
150,  note  1,  gives  an  account  of  this  gentlemen,  from  which  I  extract  it  portion 
which  relates  to  him  up  to  the  time  of  his  leaving  the  country;  "Mr.  Wiswall  was 
born  in  Boston,  the  son  of  John  Wiswall  who  kept  the  Grammar  School  there.  He 
graduated  at  Harvard  College  in  1719,  and  pursued  the  study  of  Divinity  as  a  Con- 
gregationalist,  in  v/hich  order  he  was  settled  over  the  new  Casco  parish  in  Falmouth 
in  175G.    In  1761,  he  married  Mary  Minot,  of  Brunswick,  daughter  of  John  Minot, 


A  r  1'  E  M)  1  X . 


319 


aftcrwariN  Jiidnc  of  the  Court  of  Common  Plrus,  by  wliom  he  liad  Hovcral  cliildron. 
In  17<*l  hu  chiinm'd  liis  rrlinious  viewH.  and  iK'tcptcd  the  invitation  of  the  KpiHco- 
pali.inN  on  the  Neck,  wlui  had  Jutit  UAtahiiHlii  d  tl\e  tlrst  Kplticoiial  Soeicty  which 
exiitti'd  in  town,  und  inuncdiately  wont  to  Kn^land  to  rpceivo  ordinatiun.  'I'he  Kamo 
yeur  iiis  Society  ore  cted  u  Ciuireh  for  him  on  the  enrnrr  of  (.'hiirch  r.nd  Middli-  Sir  ets, 
whicti  was  coinph-ted  the  next  year.  Mr.  W'iHwall  ri^tnrned  in  May,  17'>''i,  and  eon- 
tinucd  to  preach  to  liin  pco|)le,  rcspcetahle  in  number  and  eliaraeter,  till  the  breaking 
out  of  the  devolution,  wlien  liis  ehnrcli  was  burned,  and  his  Hock,  who  were  j;entrally 
opposed  to  tiie  separation  from  the  Motlier  ('ouiitry,  were  scattered  abroad." 

Jlev.  Suniucl  Peters,  in  a  hotter  dated  London,  AugUNt  7lli.  17H'),  says  :  "  I'oor  Wis- 
wall  has  been  in  the  West  Indies  three  yenrs,  in  the  sliip  Uoyne."  Two  years  after 
this  a  letter  from  Hnnhind,  says  ;  "  Mr.  Wiswall  is  at  a  curacy  in  Sull'olk,  where  his 
cngaj;einent  is  only  for  a  short  titnc."  The  ne.\t  year  hn  arrived  at  Cornwallis,  N.  S., 
havini{  l)een  appointed  Missionary  to  that  place.  He  wrote  Mr.  ISailey,  Oct.  1,  17S3; 
'•  This  week  wc  chose  our  Church  otHccrs.  Sunday  I  intend  to  read  in,  and  then  Col. 
Burbidgc  will  apply  ta  the  Oovernor  for  a  letter  of  Induction.  *  ♦  1  am  desirous 
that  you  should  be  the  clergyman  to  induct  mo."  Mr.  lli.ilcy  says,  under  date  of 
March  2d,  1781  :  "  I  have  just  returned  froui  a  journey  to  Cornwallis,  undertaken  to 
marry  our  brother  Wiswall,  late  of  Falmouth,  to  one  Mrs.  Hutchinson,  a  worthy  wo- 
man from  Mew  York,  who  has  been  visited,  during?  the  late  dissensions,  witli  a  sini<ular 
and  aUcctinf?  train  of  calamities."  In  a  letter  to  Uev.  Ildward  Hass,  July  '_'8th,  17'S4,  Mr. 
Bailey  say.s  :  "  VV  lien  your  agreeable  and  welcome  htfer  was  delivered  into  my  liands.our 
brother  Wiswall  was  present,  himself,  his  wife,  and  her  youngest  daughter,  beinp;  on  a 
visit  to  our  habitation.  This  observation  will  naturally  conduct  mc  to  answer  your 
queries  respecting  that  sensible  and  original  L'cnius  and  his  connections.  His  salary 
from  England  is  only  one  hundred  pounds  sterlin{<,  for  the  Society  allow  the  Mission- 
aries here  the  exact  sum  they  formerly  had  in  New  England,  but  then  ho  has  a  parson- 
age, worth  one  hundred  and  twenty  dollars  a  year,  and  a  decent  hou>e,  with  fuel.  His 
wife,  about  forty-eight  years  of  age,  is  a  Refugee  from  (Carolina)  the  Jersies.  Her 
fortune  has  been  somewhat  singular  und  very  di>trei>sing  since  the  commencement 
of  the  late  Revolution.  Her  husband  was  drowned.  One  son  was  kicked  to  death 
by  a  horse.  A  second  lost  his  life  by  shipwreck  ;  an<l  the  other  was  hanged  by  the 
rebels  as  he  was  attempting  to  visit  his  parents.  She  has  remaining  one  son  and 
two  daughters,  and  still  possesses  about  two  thousand  pounds,  the  gleanings  of  a 
very  ample  estate.  Her  daughters  have  a  thousand  pounds  euch,  lately  left  them  by 
their  grandfather  in  England.  She  appears  to  be  a  very  clever  woman,  is  sociable, 
and  so  prudent  in  the  management  of  family  affairs,  that  wc  may  with  propriety  apply 
to  her  what  was  heretofore  said  of  Mrs.  Weeks,  '  She  has  abundance  of  saving  knowl- 
edge.' Mr.  Wiswall  has  two  sjns,  both  lieutenants  in  the  navy,  the  eldest,  I'clcg,  is 
at  Halifax,  and  the  other,  John,  has  just  arrived  from  Europe." 

Mr.  Wiswall  left  Cornwallis  previous  to  October,  178'.). 

In  17i'S,  he  was  Missionary  at  Wilmot  and  Aylesford.*    lie  died  in  1812. 


'   .1'*! 


al,  page 
portion 

ivall  was 

re.  He 
a  Con- 

almouth 
Minot, 


Rev.  Roger  Viets,  Rector  of  St.  Andrew's  Church,  Simsbury, 

Connecticut. 

This  gentleman  was  introduced  to  Mr.  Bailey,  by  a  letter  for  Rev.  Dr.  Bylcs,  of 
Halifax,  July  5th,  1786,  in  which  he  says  :  "This  will  be  handed  you  by  Mr.  Viets, 
formerly  Missionary  at  Simsbury,  but  now  appointed  to  Digby."  He  passed  tt'.e  sum- 
mer at  his  Mission,  returning  in  the  autumn  to  Simsbury.    The  next  year  he  removed 


*  Aikln's  Sketch,  etc.,  p.  43. 


m''M 


:'ti    ■ 


mi 


m 


U  :i  f 


320 


APPENDIX 


with  his  family  to  JVova  Scotia,  und  entered  on  the  duties  of  his  new  Parish.  He 
issued  "  A  Serious  Address  and  Farewell  Charge  to  the  Members  of  the  Church  of 
England  in  Simsbury  and  the  adjacent  i)arts,"  which  was  printed  in  Hartford,  in 
1787.  He  says,  in  this  pamphl.'t :  "  Having  led  your  devotions  almost  twenty-eight 
years,  more  than  twenty-four  of  which  I  have  been  in  Holy  Orders,"  etc.,  and  proceeds 
to  give  a  summary  of  some  o'  the  statistics  of  the  parish  during  that  time.  Among 
them  is,  "  Baptisms,  Adult.',  122;  Infants,  1749.  From  the  year  17-59  to  the  present 
time,  the  number  of  conformists  to  the  Church  has  increased  from  75  to  more  than 
280  families,  exclusive  of  '.he  many  that  have  emigrated  and  the  few  that  have  aposta- 
tized." 

In  1789,  Mr.  Viets  published,  at  Hartford,  three  sermons  preached  in  Digby  during 
that  and  the  preceding  year.  The  following  is  part  of  the  dedication  prefixed  to 
them :  — 

To 
The  Right  IIeverend 

The  Learned, 

The  Pious, 
The  Respected, 

AND 

Respectable 
KydidncA  o/  tJYova  ^^coitez,     oCc.    cCc.    dCc. 

These  Discourses, 
etc 

The  singularity  shown  in  this  dedication  by  Mr.  Viets  was,  (as  it  would  seem  from 
Mr.  Bailey's  letters  to  their  mutual  acquaintance,)  also  apparent  in  some  of  his  other 
actions.  Only  one  letter  of  Mr.  Viets'  to  Mr.  Bailey  has  been  preserved.  It  is  dated 
December  Itth,  1799,  and  is  occupied  with  complaints  that  unauthorized  persons 
solemnized  marriages  in  the  neighborhood.  It  urges  Mr.  Bailey  to  proceed  legally 
against  such  offenders.    Mr.  Viets  died  at  Digby  in  1811,  aged  seventy-four. 

Dr.  Mather  Byles,  Jr.,  Rector  of  Christ    Church,   Boston, 

Mass. 

The  first  of  Dr.  Byles'  letters  found  among  Mr,  Bailey's  papers,  is  the  one  notifying 
Mr.  B.  of  the  collection  made  in  England  for  the  benefit  of  the  suffering  clergy  iu 
America.  An  extract  from  this  letter  was  given  on  p.  119.  Rev.  J.  W.  Weeks  writes, 
Halifax,  June  Uth,  1780,  and  says:  "  Dr  Byles  goes  to  him,  (i.  e..  Col.  Rogers,)  and 
after  melancholy  accounts  of  his  own  poverty,  begged  Rogers  to  give  him  the  first 
battalion.  Rogers  ir-thout  any  hesitation  gave  him  a  warrant.  I  have  not  seen  him 
(i.  e.,  Rogers,)  since,  indeed  he  is  now  in  gaol,  but  when  I  do  see  him,  I  am  determined 
to  reproach  him  for  his  silly  and  inconsiderate  behaviour."  About  a  month  after  the 
date  of  this  letter.  Dr.  Byles  wrote  Mr.  Bailey  from  the  same  place,  stating  that  he 
(Mr.  B.,)  could  probably  obtain  the  chaplaincy  of  one  of  the  battalions  spoken  of,  if 


APPENDIX. 


321 


"he  were  on  the  spot "  to  applj'  foi'it.  *  The  letter  of  Dr.  Byles,  declining  the  Mission 
to  Annapolis  in  lavor  of  Mr.  Bailey,  has  been  given  on  p.  187. 

This  was  but  one  evidence  of  the  friendly  interest  the  Doctor  took  in  Mr.  B.'s  con- 
cerns, since  by  his  letters  from  Halifax,  during  the  three  following  years,  it  seems  that 
he  w;is  exerting  himself  in  various  ways  to  procure  the  full  emoluments  of  the  Mission 
at  Annapolis  for  its  incumbent.  The  son  of  Dr.  Byles  says,  in  a  letter,  Halifax,  jNov. 
2.5th,  1781 :  "  I  have  no  intelligence  of  any  moment  from  my  father,  except  that  he 
has  obtained  a  War  ofUoe  commission  for  his  Chaplaincy  to  this  gariison,  which  fixes 
it  for  life."  The  subject  of  this  notice  returned  to  Halifax  from  England,  in  May, 
178.3,  where  he  remained  at  least  till  July  of  the  following  year,  and  till  "  about  1791, 
when  he  was  appointed  to  St.  .Tohns,  N.  B."*  But  Mr.  Builey  in  his  letter,  JuneGth, 
1789,  congratulates  him  on  his  appointment  to  St.  Johns.  In  February,  1791,  lio  was 
at  St.  Johns,  N.  B.  Tlie  last  letter  from  him  is  dated  at  the  same  place,  2.5th  August, 
l'D6.    He  died  at  St.  JohiiS,  in  1814. 


R]^.v. 


BissiiTT,  KecLor  of  Trinity  Church,  Newport, 
Tlhode  Island. 


Rev.  Samuel  Peters  says,  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Bailey,  dated  Pimlico,  England,  April 
24th,  1780  :  "  Mr.  Bissett,  late  of  Rhode  Island,  is  appointed  to  the  City  of  St. 
Johns,  if  he  gets  t';?re  before  either  Scovil  or  Andrews  from  Connecticut.  One  is  to 
abide  at  St.  Croix,  the  other  at  Chcdcbucto,  near  the  Gut  of  Canso,  but  as  Scovil  and 
Andrews  liavc  petitioned  for  Chedebucto,  perhaps  they  will  be  appointed  there  before 
Christmas.  Mr.  Bissett  is  a  very  sensible  man,  a  good  scliolar  and  compiler  of  ser- 
mons, although  too  bashful  to  appear  in  company,  or  in  the  pulpit."  In  a  letter  from 
Rev.  William  Clark,  Halifax,  June  2.3d,  17SG,  he  says  :  "  Rev.  Mr.  Bissett,  wife  and 
family  came  passengers  with  mo.  Mr.  Bissett  is  appointed  Missionaiy  at  St.  Johns." 
Mr.  Bailey  says,  under  date  of  March  7th,  1788  :  "  The  Rev.  Mr.  Bissett  died  lately, 
at  St.  Johns." 

Rev.  Samuel  Peters,  D.  D.,  Rector  of   St.  Peter's  Church, 

Hebron,  Connecticut. 

Several  letters  from  this  eccentric  Divine  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  are  preserved.  A  num- 
ber of  extracts  have  been  made  from  them  in  the  preceding  Biograpliy.  He  expected 
the  Bishopric  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  seems  to  have  taken  some  pains  to  inllucnee  the 
clergy  there  to  petition  that  he  might  be  appointed. 

Rev.  William  Clark  wrote  to  Mr.  Bailey,  Digl)y,  February  18th,  1781 :  "  Our  friend 
P.,  (eters)  as  well  for  his  own  personal  qualitications,  as  for  that  abundant  charity  and 
benevolence,  v/hich  he  has  shewn  to  the  alllicted  Loyalists  of  all  denominations,  for 
many  years,  is  justly  entitled  to  our  esteem  and  to  the  notice  of  Government,  as  a 
person  proper  to  fill  the  Episcopal  chair  here ;  witli  this  view,  I  subscribed  for  him, 
and  also  wrote  to  Dr.  Morice  my  wishes  to  this  purpose.  But  alas  !  wlio  shall  say  to 
Government,  What  doest  thou  !  "  Rev.  S.  Parker  writes,  Boston,  October  10th,  1790  : 
"  Dr.  Peters,  Bishop  elect  of  Vermont,  cannot  obtain  consecration  in  England,  nor  in 
these  States,  without  a  three  years  antecedent  residence." 

Rev.  Moses  Badger,  Itinerant  Missionary  in  the  Province  of 

New  Hampshire. 

Rev.  J.  Bailey  wrote  to  him  at  New  York,  July  1st,  1779.  giving  him  a  statement  of 
his  sufferings  from  political  persecutions.     He  also  wrote  to  him  at  the  same  place, 


41 


•Alkln'a.«!ietch,  &c.,  p.41. 


B^    '     ' 


iln 


ili.i  ;: 


322 


APPENDIX. 


August  1st,  1780,  stating  that  he  had  removed  to  Annapolis,  and  acknowledging  the 
receipt  of  a  letter  from  him. 

Rev.  Henry  Caner,  D.  D.,  Rector  of  King's  Chapel,  Boston, 

Massachusetts. 

Rev.  S.  Peters  writes,  August  7th,  1780:  "  Dr.  C  (ane)r  is  in  Cardiff,  Wales,  liap- 
P7  in  obscurity  and  Episcopal  neglicts."  Rev.  Mr.  Bailey  says,  in  a  letter  to  a  friend, 
in  i781 :  ''  By  letters  from  London,  I  was  informed  that  Dr.  Caner  had  retiied  with 
his  voung  wife  to  Cardiff,  Wak'S." 

Dr.  Caner  died  in  England,  in  1792,  aged  92. 

Rev.  John  Troutbeck,  Assistant  Minister  of  King's  Chapel, 

Boston. 

Rev.  S.  Peters,  in  writing  from  London,  June  9th,  1779,  says;  "Poor  Troutbeck 
has  been  very  sick  and  given  over  by  his  Physicians,  after  which,  Nature  and  Prayers 
took  him  out  of  the  power  of  death,  and  gave  him  a  new  lease  of  his  life." 

Rev.  Samuel  Chandler,  D.  D. 

Rev.  S.  Peters  writes,  June  4th,  178;5 :  "  Dr.  Chandler  sailed  for  New  Jersey,  May 
17th,  1785." 

Rev.  John  Vardill,  of  New  York,  appointed  Rector  of 

Church,  New  York,  (but  did  not  accept  it.) 

J.- 

Rev.  S.  Peters  says,  in  a  letter,  June  14th,  1785  :    '*  Vardill  is  in  Ireland." 

Rev.  Isaac  Broavn. 

Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes,  February  14th,  1784,  to  Rev.  Isaac  Brown,  at  Windsor,  N.  S. : 
"  I  have  formerly  wrote  and  received  no  reply  either  from  you  or  the  Doctor,  to  whom 
and  his  lady  be  kind  enough  to  remember  us."  In  1786,  Rev.  Isaac  Brown  is  inserted 
in  a  list  of  clergy,*  as  superannuated.    Mr.  B.  is  said  to  liave  come  from  New  Jersey .f 

Sergeant.     ( Que.,  Rev.  Winwood,  of  Cambridge,  Mass.  ?) 

Rev.  Samuel  Peters,  in  writing  from  London,  June  9th,  1779,  to  Rev.  J.  Wingatc 
Weeks,  at  Mr.  Thomas  Brown's,  Halifax,  says  :  "  I  wish  you  would  send  the  follow- 
ing idea  to  Mr.  Sergeant  at  Boston,  viz.,  his  mother  died  eighteen  months  ago.  and 
Sergeant  is  heir  to  some  landed  Estate  in  Beconsfield  iu  Warwickshire,  2.3  miles  from 
London,  reported  to  be  worth  near  £200  per  annum.  This  information  1  have  ob- 
tained of  his  sister's  daughters,  named  Ratclilfe  and  Jennett,  No.  3.5,  James  Street, 
Oxford  Road."  Rev.  S.  Peters,  in  a  letter,  dated  London,  .\ug.  7th,  1780,  to  Rev.  J. 
Bailey,  says :  "  Sergeant  is  at  Bath,  half  dead  and  half  alive.  Ilis  wife  is  full  of 
spirits." 

Smitu,  Capt.,  (of  Plj-mouth,  Mass.)     Thomas  Brown,  in  writing  under  date 

Halifax,  December  29th,  1779,  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  Cornwallis,  gives  a  description  of 
the  loss  of  the  armed  ship  North,  at  the  mouth  of  Halifax  harbor,  December  lOth, 
1779,  by  which  10.5  out  of  170  persons  perished.  He  says:  "Capt.  Smith,  who  be- 
longed to  Plymouth  in  New  England,  a  man  who  I  have  been  acquainted  with  sev- 


•Aikln'3  Skctcli,  p.  28. 


tibid,  p.  39. 


C 
^ 


APPENDIX. 


323 


eral  years,  was  pilot  of  the  North,  and  supposed  to  be  as  v:ell  knowing  to  this  harbor 
as  iiny  man,  had  charge  of  the  ship  when  she  was  lost,  he  has  left  a  widow  and  eight 
children  at  Plymouth." 

JoHK  McNamahra,  (of  Pownalborough.)  In  the  records  of  the  town  of  Pownal- 
borough  is  found  the  following  entry  : 

"  John  McNamarra,  son  of  Timothy  and  Ann  MoNamarra,  was  born  Nov.  Gth,  1758. 

Recorded  March  Gth,  1777. 

Edm'd.  Buidoe,  Town  Clerk." 

The  above  extract  relates  to  a  person,  who,  though  of  humble  origin,  so  conducted 
himself  during  his  life  as  to  deserve  honorable  mention. 

Mr.  Bailey  says  of  him  when  he  was  discharging  the  office  of  the  Society's  School- 
master in  Annapolis,  in  1787:  "This  schoolmaster  is  another  extraordinary  genius. 
He  was  born  at  Kennebcck,  and  came  to  live  with  me  about  the  beginning  of  the 
rebellion. 

"  And  though  his  nearest  relatives  were  violent  rebels,  he  was  so  honest,  loyal  and 
faithful,  as  to  be  employed  by  the  friends  of  Government  in  the  most  critical  and 
dangerous  exigencies.  He  was  persecuted,  fined  and  imprisoned,  but  was,  however, 
happy  enough  to  make  his  escape  with  us  to  Halifax.  He  has  passed  through  a 
variety  of  scenes,  and  was,  about  three  years  ago,  appointed  the  Society's  Schoolmaster 
at  Annapolis  ;  and  though  he  has  been  connected  with  characters  of  every  description, 
he  has  given  universal  sadsfaction.  He  has  deservedly  the  highest  reputation  for 
sobriety,  diligence,  and  integrity.  He  has  acquired  almost  every  branch  of  knowledge, 
both  speculative  and  practical,  and  equally  excels  in  arithmetic,  astronomy,  naviga- 
gation,  geogrnphy,  surveying,  mensuration,  dialing,  and  other  branches  of  the 
mechanicks." 

Afterwards  Mr.  Bailey  says :  "  Mr.  McNamarra  has  expended  the  whole  of  his 
salary,  and  whatever  he  received  when  the  school  was  more  advantageous,  either  in 
books,  mathematical  instruments,  etc.,  for  the  improvement  of  himself  and  scholars, 
or  else  in  charity  and  the  promotion  of  public  designs." 

For  a  time  the  subject  of  this  notice  held  the  office  of  Postmaster  in  Annapolis,  and 
probably  continued  as  the  Society's  schoolmaster  to  the  time  of  his  death,  which  took 
place  in  the  spring  of  1798.  Bishop  Inglis  said  in  a  letter  to  Mr.  Bailey :  "  I  very  sin- 
cerely regret  the  death  of  Mr.  McNamarra,  who  was  a  very  worthy  useful  man.  In 
him  the  community  has  sustained  a  considerable  loss." 

For  many  years  Ji. ;  n,  (as  he  was  familiarly  called,)  was  a  member  of  Mr.  Bailey's 
family.  He  was  firsi  tu.ken  in  the  capacity  of  a  servant.  But  during  the  compulsory 
absences  of  his  cn>ployer  in  the  last  few  years  of  his  residence  in  Kennebec,  this 
young  man  was  of  essential  service  to  the  family,  and  doubtless  on  more  than  one 
occasion  prevented  their  suffering  from  want  of  the  necessaries  of  life.  Abandoning 
his  native  land  with  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Bailey,  he  was  of  no  little  assistance  to  them  after 
their  arrival  in  Nova  Scotia.  This  Mr.  Bailey  states  in  his  letters.  That  he  who  had 
been  received  into  the  family  in  such  a  subordinate  situation,  should  have  had  the 
force  of  mind  to  rise  above  the  condition  of  a  mere  "  hewer  of  wood  and  drawer  of 
water,"  and,  availing  himself  of  the  opportunities  which  Mr.  Bailey  afforded  him, 
should  have  acquired  the  amount  and  variety  of  information,  which  his  employer  sayg 
he  possessed,  shows  that  he  could  have  been  no  common  man.  This,  with  the  good- 
ness of  heart  which  characterized  him,  is  enough  to  justify  the  humble  effort  now 
made  to  rescue  his  memory  from  oblivion.  Tlie  high-born  and  the  wealthy  have  no 
lack  of  eulogists,  while  many  who  did  rot  possess  these  advantages,  although  much 
more  worthy  of  praise,  are  forgotten.  In  performing  the  duty  attempted  in  the  above 
notice,  a  satisfaction  is  felt,  and  it  is  not  the  less  strong  because  the  biographer  has 


."n^ 


riS.1 


324 


APPENDIX. 


i, .  I! 


Ml 


.M- 


miw 


endeavored  to  save  from  oblivion  one  whose  birth  and  position  in  life  had  nothing  to 
allure  his  efforts. 
Dk.  Johx  Calf,  (of  — 


— .)  Rev.  J.  ISiiilcy  writes  to  him  at  Major-bigiiyduce, 
under  date  of  Sept.  Gth,  177'.),  and  says  :  "  You  doubtless  retain  some  knowlcdp;c  of 
me  from  our  former  acquaintance,  and  have  I  presume,  heard  somethin;^  of  my  situa- 
tion and  circumstances.  *  «  Beinij;  informed  that  you  possess  a  department  in 
the  Garrison,  which  gives  you  considerable  iufiucnco,  I  have  made  this  attempt  to 
solicit  your  interest  in  case  a  chaplain  should  be  appointed."  Dr.  John  Calf,  of  Ips- 
wich, Mass.,  married  a  daughter  of  Rev.  Jcdcdiah  Jewett,  of  Rowley,  in  17'^3.  In  O. 
Rich's  Bibliothcca  Americana,  p.  291, 13  the  following  :  "  The  seige  of  Penobscot  by 
the  Rebels,  by  J.  C,  Volunteer,  London:  1781.  The  author  is  supposed  to  be  Mr. 
John  Calcf,  agent  for  the  inhabitants  of  Penobscot,  whose  name  is  subscribed  to  the 
charts  which  illustrate  the  work." 


M0SE.S   FoKSTHIt,  (of  • 


-■) 


Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes  to  Dr.  Bartholomew  Sullivan, 
at  New  York,  under  date  of  Halifax,  Sept.  — ,  177!',  and  says  :  "  I  must  beg  leave  to 
trouble  you  again  in  behalf  of  the  bearer,  Mr.  Moses  Forster,  whose  situation  and  cir- 
cumstances demand  both  the  emotions  of  humanity  and  the  effusions  of  benevolence. 
After  having  been  imprisoned  a  whole  year,  and  tlicn  set  at  liberty  by  the  Supreme 
rebel  court,  he  was  cruelly  hariassed  by  tlie  committee,  driven  from  his  family,  and 
upon  his  return  taken  out  of  bed,  and  conveyed  away  from  a  tender  wife  and  eight 
ehildren  120  miles,  confined  on  board  a  guiird  ship,  and  then  transported  to  this  prov- 
ince. As  he  is  a  stranger  in  distress,  I  beg  leave  to  recommend  him  to  your  atten- 
tion, and  am  confident  that  your  goodness  will  afford  him  that  assistance  and  direction 
which  is  due  to  a  sufferer  in  the  royal  cause." 

RoBAiiT  Jenkins.  (Que.,  Robert  ?)  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  writes  to  him  at  St.  Johns, 
Newfoundland,  under  date  of  Halifax,  Sept.  21th,  1770,  and  says  :  "  It  is  about  three 
months  since  I  left  the  unhappy  land  of  our  nativity.  *  *  I  have  visited  New- 
bury several  times  since  the  commencement  of  the  present  commotions,  and  continued 
days  together  with  (Rev.)  Mr.  (Edward)  Bass.  The  proceedings  of  the  people  are 
very  disagreeable  to  that  worthy  gentleman,  yet  to  preserve  himself  from  destruction, 
he  omitted  all  prayers  for  the  King  from  the  (time  of  the)  declaration  of  Independ- 
ency, for  which  offence  the  Society  (P.  G.  F.  Ps.,)  have  struck  his  name  from  the  list 
of  Missionaries." 

Simmons,  (of .)     Rev.  J.  Bailey,  in  writing,  under  date  of  November  6th, 

I78O,  to  Joseph  Domett,  at  Brompton,  near  London,  says:  "The  refugees  in  this 
Provinccare  under  the  influence  of  melancholy  and  dejection,  the  inflexible  obstinacy  of 
the  rebel  powers,  the  dilatory  conduct  of  the  British  forces,  and  the  ungenerous  treat- 
ment they  meet  witli  in  the  regions  of  New  Scotland,  have  broken  the  spirits  of  several 
worthy  persons,  among  whom  I  may  mention  Mr.  Simmons,  who  has  left  behind  him 
a  widow  and  four  children." 

Rev.  J.  Bailey  also  wrote  to  Mr.  William  Simmons,  at  Halifax,  Nov.  1st,  1770.  He 
says:  "  It  is,  I  believe,  a  trite  observation,  that  nothing  occasions  stronger  attach- 
ment and  friendships  than  suffering  in  the  same  cause.  In  such  circumstances  we 
love  to  mingle  together  in  conversation,  etc.  etc.  "We  have  not  one  refugee  here 
except  Capt.  Campbell,  etc.  etc."  November  30,  177'J,  Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes  to  Mr. 
Simmons,  at  Halifax,  and  says  :  "  You  have  my  grateful  acknowledgements  for  your 
obliging  letter."  Another  letter  was  addressed  by  J.  Bailey,  Februsry  -Ith,  1780,  to 
Mr.  William  Simmons,  at  Halifax  ;  also,  May  8,  1780,  from  the  same  to  the  same ;  and 
another  letter  from  the  same  to  the  same,  Sept.  2,  1780,  in  which  Mr.  Bailey  speaks 
of  having  lately  lieard  of  Mr.  Simmons,  through  a  gentleman  just  arrived  in  Cornwal- 
lis.  In  a  letter  to  T.  Brown,  October  11,  178:),  J.  Bailey  speaks  of  receiving  a  letter 
from  T.  Brown,  mentioning  the  "  untimely  exit "  of  Mr.  Simmons. 


i!i 


APPENDIX. 


825 


70.    Ho 


Jonx  JoN'F.s,  (of  Kennebec.)  Rev.  J.  Bailey  says,  in  a  letter,  February  8th,  1780 
directed  to  John  Jones,  at  (iucbec:  "Let  us  flatter  ourselves  with  the  pleasing  pros- 
pect of  meeting  again  in  the  regions  of  Kennebeck,  and  if  we  should  not  be  happy 
enough  to  find  all  our  friends  remaining  after  so  violent  a  tempest,  yet  we  that  have 
escaped  the  general  wreck  may  rejoice  in  each  other's  society,  and  have  the  pleasure 
of  regarding  with  contempt  those  sons  of  rapine  and  violence,  who  drove  us  from  our 
peaceful  habitations,  and  forced  us  into  the  ocean,  to  contend  with  rocks,  currents, 
whirlpools,  storms  and  hurricanes."  In  writing  to  Mrs.  lluth  Jones,  at  Concord, 
Mass.,  about  the  same  time,  Mr.  Bailey  says:  "I  have  just  received  a  packet  from 
your  consort,  Mr.  Jones.  After  passing  t!. rough  a  variety  of  scenes,  he  arrived  at 
Lake  Champlaiu,  and  afterwards,  by  several  removes,  reached  Quebec  on  the  2!)th  of 
August.  His  last  letters  arc  dated  November  2d."*  To  a  friend  in  Halifax,  Mr. 
Bailey  writes,  Ajn-il  18,  1780  :  "  I  take  this  opportunity  to  recommend  to  your  favor, 
Capt.  Jones.  He  is  appointed  to  the  command  of  a  company  in  Jlogers'  Battalion. 
I  am  persuaded  that  his  active  and  enterprising  genius  will  be  of  great  service  in  the 
department  to  which  he  belongs."  Mr.  Bailey  says  to  another  acquaintance:  "I 
send  you  this  by  our  friend  Jones,  who  is  engaged  to  chastise  the  rebels.  *  *  *  * 
You  must  be  persuaded  that  no  man  is  better  fitted  for  tlie  service,  both  in  point  of 
knowledge  and  resolution."  In  a  letter,  writicn  about  the  same  time,  Mr.  Bailey 
says  :  '"  We  were  happily  surprised  last  week  with  the  company  of  Capt.  Jones,  one 
of  our  Kennebeck  neighbours,  who  escaped  from  close  imprisonment  in  Boston  last 
spring.  After  passing  thro\igh  a  variety  of  scenes,  he  was  fortunate  enough  to  reach 
Quebec,  where,  meeting  with  the  famous  Col.  Rogers,  he  is  now  engaged  in  the  army, 
and  intends  to  visit  his  country  by  way  of  Penobscot.  His  capacity  is  equal  to  his 
undertaking." 

John  Jones  writes  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  from  I'ort  George,  September  -Ith,  1780  :     "  I 
have  had  two  trips  to  Kennebeck,  one  by  land,  the  other  in  a  whaleboat.    i  irst,  by 

land  :  I  went  up  and  down,  till  I  found  where  to  strike.     Thought  Lest  to  bring f 

off.  The  way  I  proceeded  was  as  follows:  I  surrounded  his  house  in  the  morning, 
very  early ;  sent  two  men  to  rap  at  the  door.  On  his  crying  out,  '  Who  is  there  ? '  I 
answered,  A  friend  !  '  A  friend  to  whom  ? '  I  answered,  to  the  Congress,  and  we  are 
from  George's  River  with  an  express,  for  the  enemy  has  landed  fifteen  hundred  troops 
and  three  sliips.  He  jumped  up  and  came  down  with  his  breeches  on,  lit  a  candle, 
and  opened  the  door.  We  immediately  seized  him.  On  his  making  some  noisq,  his 
wife  come  running  down  stairs,  but  soon  returned,  and  put  her  head  out  of  the  cham- 
ber window,  and  halloed,  murder  !  I  told  her  that  if  she  did  not  hold  her  tongue,  my 
Indians  would  scalp  her.  Away  we  hauled  him  into  a  boat  we  had  prepared,  and  up 
the  river  about  a  mile  above  Gardinerston,  landed  him,  and  gave  him  a  pair  of  shoes 
and  stockings,  and  marched  him  to  Tort  George,  across  the  woods,  in  four  days.  The 
whole  country  was  alarmed,  and  was  about  six  hours  after  us.  In  two  or  three  days 
Rowland  (Gushing)  came  in  a  flag.  In  two  or  three  days  after,  three  men  eamo  in 
and  informed  us  how  matters  were.  Josei)h  Ni)rth  has  gone  to  Boston.  Bowman 
keeps  a  guard  every  night,  and  all  the  people  are  much  frightened.  Rowland  keeps  a 
guard,  and  Maj.  (Joodwin  sleeps  every  night  at  the  house.  Many  of  our  friends  have 
been  threatened,  but  no  one  is  touched  or  liurt,  for  great  is  their  fear.  Many  of  the 
inhabitants  don't  cut  their  meadow.  All  our  friends  were  well,  when  by  water  we  went 
and  cut  out  a  vessel,  and  brought  her  here  safe.  We  also  took  many  others.  *  «  I 
have  had  several  scoutings  since  I  have  been  here.     Have  always  got  the  better  of  the 


'  Jlr.  I'ailc  y  !ii*n  wrdtn  to  John  Join's  at  llic  same  flino.  He  said :  "  Your  Tirotlior  .Tnok  I.oo, 
came  to  Halifax,  scmu'  time  after  tlic  dispprsion  of  the  rebels  .  rcnobscct. "  This  letter  was  en- 
closed ill  one  dirceted  to  Jonas  T.ec,  at  Concord,  Jlass. 

t  Col.  Charles  C  asliiug.    lie  Is  here  colled  by  a,  uiukiiamo. 


lir/ 


f 


mi 


'!■ 


^M    I: 


320 


APPENDIX 


rebels.    Nat.  Gardiner  is  a  prisoner  with  the  rebels  in  Casco  gaol.    Gushing  is  going 
homu  to  etl'ect  his  exeliuiiiro  and  (iardintr's."'* 

Novcniber  6l!.>,  17*),  Mr.  Bailey  writes:  "I  have  had  several  visits  from  Capt. 
Jones,  who  is  a  Captain  in  the  army.  He  is  now  at  Penobscot."  In  the  autumn  of 
1784,  Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  Governor  Wcntworth  :  "  I  woukl  beg  leave  to  recommend 
to  your  notice  Mr.  Jones,  an  honest,  worthy  loyalist,  who  has  lost  an  ample  estate  for 
his  attaclmient  to  His  Majesty  and  the  British  government.  lie  is  endeavoring  to 
obtain  a  grant  of  Grand  Mcnan,  and  is  desirous  of  obtaining  your  interest  and  that 
of  Gov.  Fanning.  I  can  assure  you  there  is  not  a  person  of  my  dccjuaintance  better 
calculated  to  improve  a  wilde'uess  country  than  Mr.  Jones.  He  was  formerly  princi- 
pal surveyor  to  the  Plymouth  Company,  and  has  made  several  fine  settlements  fit 
Kennebeck  before  the  commencement  of  the  late  commotions. "f  ^^^-  Jones  wrote  to 
Mr.  Bailey  from  St.  Andrews,  April,  1781,  at  which  time  Mrs.  Jones  was  with  him. 
Rev.  J.  Bailey  says,  in  a  MS.  History,  etc. :  "  When  I  arrived  at  St.  Andrews,  on 
the  river  Santa  Croix,  I  found  a  number  of  people  from  Penobscot  and  elsewhere, 
forming  a  settlement.  But  while  Mr.  Jones,  the  surveyor,  was  employed  in  laying 
out  their  lands,  a  party  of  Indians,  under  tlie  direction  of  one  Allen,  a  notorious  rebel, 
took  him  prisoner.  It  is  uncertain  in  what  manner  they  intended  to  dispose  of  Mr. 
Jones.  However,  the  second  day  of  his  captivity,  he  had  the  good  fortune  to  escape, 
and  to  proceed  in  his  business  without  further  interruption."  Jones  returned  to  the 
Kennebec  after  the  Revolution,  and  resided  in  what  is  now  the  city  of  Augusta.  He 
was  employed  in  17'J7  by  tlie  Proprietors  of  the  Kennebec  Purchase,  to  compile  a 
large  map  of  their  property,  from  previous  surveys.    Jones  died  in  Augusta. 

Thomas  Brown,  (of  Boston.)  Rev.  J.  Bailey  says,  in  his  Journal,  under  date  of 
Halifax,  the  day  of  his  arrival  there,  June  21st,  177!) :  "  Mr.  Kitson  kindly  offered  to 
conduct  us  either  to  Mr.  Brown's  or  Captain  Callahan.  *  *  By  this  time  my 
old  generous  friend,  Mr.  Brown,  was  arrived." 

Rev.  J.  Bailey,  in  writing  to  Miss  Sally  Weeks  at  Halifax,  under  date  of  Cornwallis, 
Dec.  7th,  1770,  says  of  one  of  Thomas  Brown's  daughters  :  "  I  have  been  acquainted 
with  Becky  from  her  earliest  infancy,"  etc.  etc.  In  a  letter  to  Rev.  S.  Peters  at  Lon- 
don, dated  April  27,  1781,  he  speaks  of  "  our  friend  Brown,  when  he  formerly  resided 
in  Boston."  T.  Brown  failed  in  his  business  previous  to  May  2d,  1780,  (see  his  letter,) 
and  afterwards  established  a  school.  Rev.  J.  Bailey  in  a  letter,  November  9th,  1781,  to 
Rev.  S.  Peters,  London,  in  speaking  of  Thomas  Brown,  says  :  "  This  poor  gentleman 
is  still  detained  under  complaint  of  his  unmerciful  creditors.  I  cannot  prevail  for  his 
release,  though  I  am  his  principal  creditor."  Thomas  Brown  writes  to  Mrs.  Bailey, 
Halifax,  September  17th,  1702  :  "  I  made  a  verbal  agreement  three  years  ago,  to  receive 
one  hundred  pounds  per  annum  for  teaching  in  this  Academy.  I  have  no  legal  ap- 
pointment in  the  school,  nor  do  I  know  at  present  whom  to  demand  payment  of  for 
my  services.  I  am  now  almost  a  cripple.  A  year  ago  last  January  I  was  suddenly 
attacked  with  a  severe  stroke  of  the  palsy,  and  have  not  yet  recovered  the  free  use  of 
my  right  arm,  right  leg,  and  my  speech." 


Mfii: 


l:i| 


•i  ,:'^ 


*  In  tlie  liostcm  C.nzettc,  of  .Inly  24th,  17S0,  is  the  foHowinp  Item :    "  We  hoar  from  I'ownalboro', 

that  about  Ten  Days  attn,  a  I'arty  of  Tories  surrouiuled  the  House  of Cushing,  Esij. ;  Iliiih 

ShoritV  of  the  County  of  Lhicoln,  in  the  Night,  took  him  out  of  Bod,  and  carried  him  off  to  the 
Enemy." 

tSaliine  says,  in  liis  American  Loyalists,  p.  318,  of  Moses  Gerrish  :  "After  the  peneo,  he  and 
Tliomas  Ross,  and  one  ,Iones,»  obtahied  License  of  cccupation  of  the  island  of  Grand  Jionan,  New 
IJrunswIck,  and  its  dependences,  and  on  condition,  etc.,  wore  to  receive  a  grant,  etc.  Tliey  com- 
menced tlic  settlement  of  the  Island,  and  sold  several  lots  in  anticipation  of  their  own  title,  but  failed 
to  fullll  the  conditions,  and  did  not  obtain  the  expected  grant.   Jones  returned  to  the  I'nited  States. 

•  The  subject  of  the  above  sketch,  as  the  writer  has  been  assured,  by  persons  who  knew  the  fact. 


APPENDIX. 


327 


Capt.  CiiARLrs  Callahan,  (of  Pownalboroush,  Me.)  The  father  of  this  person 
resided  in  the  town  above  named,  and  died  there  before  Mr.  Bailey  left  the  country. 
Capt.  Callahan  commanded  a  coasting  vessel  in  the  year  1772,  and  was  bound  on  a 
foreign  voyage,  perhaps  as  master,  in  October  1774,  as  appears  by  llev.  J.  Bailey's 
letter  to  the  Venerable  Society,  of  that  date,  inserted  in  the  Memoir,  p.  10.>.  lie  was 
at  that  time  one  of  the  Warden's  of  St.  John's  Church,  Pownalborough.  Capt.  Cal- 
lahan, althoufih  a  loyalist  in  principle,  was  not  disposed  to  take  any  active  part  in 
the  contest  then  fj;"inS  on  between  the  mother  country  and  her  revolted  colonies. 
Nor  was  he  disposed  to  remove  to  any  place  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  British. 
But  having;  been  repeatedly  "  drafted"  to  serve  in  the  Provincial  army,  he  became 
convinced  that  he  was  dishonestly  dealt  with  in  this  matter,  and  he  then  determined 
to  defeat  the  power  of  his  enemies  by  leaving  the  country,  lie  was  proscribed  and 
banished  by  ^Massachusetts  in  1778.  The  next  mention  of  him  is  in  a  letter,  October 
lOth,  1778,  in  wliich  Mr.  Bailey  says:  "Capt.  Callahan  is  Captain  of  a  twclvc-gun 
sloop  of  war  in  the  King's  service." 

In  Mr.  Pailey's  Journal,  under  date  of  June  21st,  1779,  he  inserted  the  following, 
which  he  pioliably  obtained  from  the  wife  oMhc  subject  of  this  notice,  at  whose  house 
he  then  was  : — 

"  The  adventures  of  Capt.  Callahan,  lie  embarked  in  a  small  open  boat  with  Mr. 
Jarvis  and  Mr.  Kitson  in  the  night,  and  fulling  down  the  [Kennebec]  river  went 
on  shore  to  refresh  themselves  at  Mr.  Thomas  Percy's,  and  were  received  by  that 
benevolent  and  hospitable  family  with  great  expressions  of  friendship.  But  wlion 
Capt.  Callahan  had  reached  this  distance,  he  began  to  reflect,  and  that  fondness  he 
retained  for  his  house  and  possessions,  and  the  extreme  tenderness  he  had  for  his 
wife  and  family,  almost  tempted  him  to  renounce  the  princiiiles  of  reason  and  loyalty. 
The  thoughts  of  exposing  everything  dear  and  engaging,  sadly  oppressed  his  spirits, 
and  sank  him  into  the  glooms  of  despondency.  When  his  companions  observed  the 
agitations  of  his  bosom  and  the  atllicfing  struggles  between  duty  and  affection,  they 
both  began,  with  a  degree  of  fierceness  and  asperity,  to  tipraid  him  for  his  timidity 
and  want  ot  resolution,  and  even  proceeded  so  far  as  to  accuse  him  of  disalfection  to 
His  Majesty.  This  unjust  reflection  stung  him  to  the  very  soul,  and  he  replied  with 
a  determined  spirit,  '  No  person  breathing  has  greater  aversion  to  the  American  re- 
bellion than  myself.  It  is  true,  I  have  a  prevailing  attachment  to  njy  aged  parent 
and  beloved  wiie,  and  the  thoughts  of  leaving  them  unprotected  to  the  malice  and 
cruelty  of  the  miscreants  about  them  tears  my  very  soul  in  pieces,  and  if  I  had  been 
weak  enough  to  return,  I  would  never  make  any  compliance  that  I  could  not  recon- 
cile to  my  conscience  But  I  am  now  determined  to  proceed  to  Halifax,  let  what  will 
be  the  consequence !' 

"  As  soon  as  the  tide  served  their  purpose  in  the  morning  they  embarked,  and  kept 
along  shore  till  they  imagined  it  proper  to  cross  the  Bay  of  Fundy.  But  they  had 
not  proceeded  far  in  this  tremendous  gulph  before  the  wind  began  to  blow  in  opposi- 
tion to  the  tide,  and  raised  a  rough  and  dangerous  sea.  This  obliged  them  to  alter 
their  course,  and  to  steer  quartering  over  the  billows.  In  this  situation  Capt.  Calla- 
han kept  at  the  helm  for  sixteen  hours,  till  at  length,  being  overcome  with  fatigue, 
and  his  spirits  entirely  exhausted,  he,  in  a  manner  fainted,  gave  up  the  helm,  and 
entrusted  the  boat  to  the  mercy  of  the  raging  seas.  During  the  period  of  this  alarm- 
ing voyage  Mr.  Jarvis  and  Kitson  lay  in  the  bottom  of  the  vessel,  dying  sick,  but 
now  perceiving  nothing  in  prospect  except  speedy  death,  the  latter  crawled  up  and 
seized  the  helm,  and  in  a  few  hours  conveyed  the  boat  into  a  place  of  security.  Capt. 
Callahan,  upon  his  arrival  at  Halifax,  was  received  with  great  attention,  admitted 
upon  the  list  of  the  King's  pilots,  and  sliortly  after  advanced  to  the  command  of  the 
Gage,  in  which  department  he  behaved  with  remarkable  courage  and  fidelity.  He 
quickly  became  a  terror  to  the  Rebels,  took  a  number  of  their  fishing  and  coasting 


\>i 


! 

■li 


328 


APPENDIX 


m  i 


I 


M'i  ':  1! 


i   ! 


vessels,  and  destroyed  several  of  their  privateers,  fn  the  summer  of  177S  the  people 
of  jNaskeag,  a  settlement  on  the  eastern  shore  of  Penobscot  liay,  hrod  upon  his  boat 
as  they  were  Roing  to  take  in  water,  and  mortally  wounded  one  of  his  hands.  Hay- 
ing received  this  inhiiman  provocation  he  iuinicdiately  landed,  and  burnt  all  their 
habitations,  to  the  number  of  ten  or  twelve,  and  drove  the  barbarous  inhabitants  into 
the  woods.  1  was  at  Boston  when  the  news  of  this  exploit  rnachod  that  Metropolis  of 
sedition,  and  the  authorities  were  so  liiglily  enraged  that  two  stout  privateers  were 
sent  to  intercept  )iim,  but  they  were  not  fortunate  enough  to  accomplish  their  design.* 
"  Capt.  Callahan,  after  a  considerable  run  of  success,  had  at  length  the  misfortune 
to  be  cast  away  near  the  light-house  in  a  terrible  storm,  the  day  after  last  Christmas, 
by  which  accident  one  of  his  men  was  killed,  and  himself  wounded  in  escaping  on 
shore.  The  rest  were  saved,  tliough  some  were  miserably  frozen.  Since  that  calami- 
tous affair  the  Captain  has  been  unable  to  procure  the  command  of  another  vessel, 
though  he  still  draws  wages  as  a  pilot,  and  «as  now  with  Capt.  Mowat  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  Penobscot."  Thomas  IJrown  writes  from  Halifax,  under  date  of  2',)th  Uo- 
cember,  1779,  to  Jlev.  J.  Bailey,  at  Cornwallis,  and  says  vliat  Capt.  Callahan  went 
pilot  of  the  ship  North,  to  Spanish  River,  and  that  "  Care.  Mowat  persuaded  him  to 
it,  with  an  expectation  of  taking  him  in  the  Albany  to  Penobscot,  when  he  should 
return  from  Spanish  liiver,  and  placing  him  in  an  armed  vessel  of  his  own  fitting  out 
during  the  winter.  *  *  After  sailing  from  Spanish  River  they  soon  parted  from 
several  of  their  fleet  in  tempestuous  weather,  and  on  Thursday,  !)th  instant,  with  the 
ship  St.  Helena  and  a  brig  and  snow,  arrived  safe  in  Beaver  Harbour,  about  20 
leagues  eastward  of  this.  *  *  The  ne.xt  day,  being  Friday,  they  all  sailed  from 
Beaver  Harbour  about  10  o'clock  in  the  morning  for  H.alifax.  During  the  day,  the 
wi.  not  being  very  favourable,  and  one  or  two  of  the  fleet  being  heavy  sailing  vessels, 
Capi.  Selby  was  obliged  to  shorten  sail,  that  they  might  keep  up  with  him.  Towards 
night  a  storm  seemed  to  be  speedily  approaching,  which  induced  him  to  run  for  the 
light-house,  and,  if  possible,  to  get  into  harbour  that  night.  About  7  o'clock  in  the 
evening  they  discovered  the  light-house,  but  being  so  near  the  shore,  and  the  wind 
increasing,  thought  they  could  not  weather  Sambro  Head,  and  so  cast  anchor.  *  * 
About  half  past  one  on  Saturday  morning  the  .North  fired  a  gun  as  a  signal  in  distress, 
and  Mr.  Robinson  perceived  that  she  had  struck  upon  the  rocks,  and  in  a  short  time 
saw  her  fall  to  pieces.  *  *  ♦  After  the  ISorth  went  to  pieces  numbers  of  her  people 
swam  and  floated  about  the  St.  Helena  and  begged  for  assistance,  but  they  could 
afford  them  very  little.  *  *  ♦  Only  five  people  belonging  to  the  IVorth  escaped 
with  their  lives,  out  of  about  one  hundred  and  seventy  that  were  on  board  when  she 
struck.  Capt.  Smith,  who  belonged  to  Plymouth,  in  New  England  *  *  was  pilot 
of  the  North,  and  supposed  to  be  as  well  knowing  to  this  harbour  as  any  man,  had 
charge  of  the  ship  when  she  was  lost ;  he  has  left  a  widow  and  eight  children  at  Ply- 
mouth. The  last  I  can  hear  of  poor  Callahan  is,  that  he  was  on  the  quarter  deck 
with  Capt.  Selby  at  the  time  of  the  vessel's  striking,  and,  I  am  told,  that  he  fore- 
warned them  of  their  approaching  danger,  but  in  the  time  of  the  general  confusion 
was  not  attended  to.  This  is  the  substance  of  that  unhappy  affair,  as  related  to  me 
by  Mr.  Robinson,  who  was  in  the  St.  Helena,  and  two  seamen  who  escaped  from  the 
ISorth.  *  *  I  am  certain  that  he  (Capt.  C.)  was  the  best  pilot  on  board.  There 
was  also  a  good  understanding  between  him  and  Capt.  Smith,  the  ship's  pilot,  who 
was  a  very  worthy,  honest  man." 


*  Tlie  lioston  Journal,  of  Nov.  22d,  1850,  contained  a  letter  signed  William  Reed,  dated  Naskeag, 
July  3,  1778,  and  directed  to  Col.  Jonathan  Buck,  at  I'pnibscot,  (.Mving  an  account  of  this  attack. 
The  lU'lfast  .signal  noticed  this  letter,  (see  Hostou  Journal,  iJec.  lOtli,  1850,)  stated  that  NaskcuK  is 
now  called  Sedgwick,  and  suggested  that  there  muiit  be  a  miataku  in  the  date  of  the  letter.  But  this 
WAS  not  80. 


ArrENJ)ix. 


829 


Tlie  widow  oF  the  rtoccased  became  a  claimant  on  the  British  government  for  part  of 
the  ;inio\iiit  alloweil  by  thcin  to  American  Loyalists  as  a  comiieiisation  lor  tlieir  losses. 
J)iirini;  a  part  of  the  time,  after  the  death  of  her  husband,  she  resided  with  llev.  Ja- 
cob ]j:dley,  at  Annapolis.  In  I'l^-  she  lived  in  Ilalifa.x.  Two  years  after  the  f:um 
and  buildini^s  in  I'owualboroui^h,  abandonel  by  Capt.  Callahan,  were  unoccupied  and 
rapidly  deteriorating.  Mrs.  C.  returned  to  the  United  States  during  that"j'car,  but  in 
n  few  month)  afterwards  was  residing  with  llcv.  Mr.  Bailey,  at  Annajxilis.  Kcpeatcd 
applications  were  made  to  the  Commissioners  appointed  for  examining  the  claims  of 
American  Loyalists,  for  compensation  to  Mrs.  Callahan,  and  she  received  t  to  sterling 
annually  from  the  British  government  during  her  life.  Her  farm  and  buildings  came 
into  her  possession.  She  returned  to  Pownalborough  about  1790,  where  she  resided 
till  her  death,  which  took  place  in  1810. 

In  llev,  J.  Bailey's  Journal,  under  date  of  June  21st,  1779,  he  writes  the  following : 

"  The  Adventures  of  the  Turners  and  John  Carlo. 

"  In  the  beginning  of  May,  1778,  Thom.vs  Tlkxi:u,  James  Tuhneii,  Cookson,  their 
brother-in-law,  and  Joirx  and  Mautin  Caui.o,  two  brothers,  set  out  on  foot,  with  a 
design  of  travelling  by  land  to  Halifax,  in  Nova  Scotia. 

"  They  mot  with  a.  prodigious  variety  of  hardships,  obstacles  and  dangers  in  their 
journey,  not  to  mention  that  perpetual  dread  of  detection,  which  attended  their  route. 
At  length,  meeting  with  a  number  of  rebel  soldiers,  they  were  constrained  to  enlist, 
but  were  honest  enough  to  refuse  the  money  till  they  should  arrive  at  Machias.  How- 
ever, instead  of  proceeding  directly  to  the  place  of  rendezvous,  they  visited  the  famous 
Col.  JonC'i,  and  ap])lied  to  him  for  advice  and  direction.  'I'his  gentleman  provided 
our  adventurers  with  a  boat,  in  form  of  a  barge,  in  which  they  cmbariicd  without  any 
knowledge  cither  of  the  way,  or  of  navigation.  They  howrvcr  ventured  to  row  along 
shore,  in  consequence  of  some  general  instructions,  and  then  crossed  over,  by  acci- 
dent, to  Grand  Menan,  and  seeing  land  at  a  great  distance,  they  set  oiT  at  daylight, 
and  coiitinned  to  contend  with  a  boisterous  sea  till  after  dark,  without  arriving  at  any 
shore.  During  all  this  tedious  day,  they  were  obliged  to  ply  the  oars  with  their  ut- 
most strength,  till  they  were  iiuite  discouraged,  and  their  vigour  exhausted,  Init  know- 
ing that  any  relaxation  of  their  struggles  would  be  fatal,  they  continued  tlicir  labours 
without  ceasing,  till  after  midnight,  when  they  entered  a  bay,  'round  wliich  they  dis- 
covered a  large  number  of  settlements.  In  this  situation  I'liey  were  full  of  anxiety, 
for  being  ignorant  in  what  region  they  had  fallen,  they  were  extremely  uneasy  lest  tliis 
territory  belonged  to  the  rebels.  But,  upon  imiuiry,  tliey  perceived,  to  their  inexpres- 
sible satisfaction,  themselves  within  the  limits  of  Nova  Scotia,  and  that  the  town  be- 
fore them  was  a  settlement  which  belonged  to  the  ancient  French  inhabitants.  Here 
the  inhabitants  were  kind  enough  to  give  them  ample  refreshment.  This  place  being 
not  far  distant  from  Annapolis,  they  took  the  first  opportunity  of  going  tiiither,  and 
from  thence  proceeded  by  land  to  Halifax,  wliere  they  got  into  business.  James 
Turner  and  Cookson  are  still  in  this  town  ;  ihomas  Turner  and  John  (  arlo,  at  I'enob- 
scot,  and  Martin  Carlo,  at  Lunenburg."  John  Jones,  writes  from  Halifax,  July  lOth, 
1781,  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey:  "  T.  Turner  and  M.  Carlo  were  taken  prisoners  at  Kcnne- 
beck,  and  are  gone  to  Boston,  and  have  got  my  old  berth."  Afterwards,  in  writing 
from  Fort  George,  Penobscot,  March  11th,  1782,  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  the  same  person 
says:  "Thomas  Turner  and  brother,  and  Martin  Carlo,  are  gone  to  live  at  home  in 
peace." 

Edmund  Doiiarty,  (formerly  of  Pownalboro',  Me.)  Rev.  J.  Bailey  says,  in  a  let- 
ter to  him  at  Halifax,  dated  Cornwallis,  November  30,  1770 :  "  You  cannot  imagine 
what  pleasure  it  gives  me  to  hear  from  one  of  my  former  parishioners  in  this  strange 
country.  Your  letter  reminds  me  of  those  dear  friends  we  left  behind  in  the  pleasant 
land  of  our  nativity;  and,  though  it  is  our  misfortune  to  remain  in  a  state  of  banish- 

42 


;  . 


I 


II!' LI 


330 


APPENDIX. 


mcnt,  ypt,  etc.  etc.    Give  our  kind  regards  to  your  consort  and  our  brother  wander- 
ers, who  reside  at  your  houHc." 

Tliomiis  Brown,  in  a  letter,  dated  Halifax,  L'ilth  December,  17!''.',  ^ays  ;  "  Doharty 
was  found  out  to  connive  imprudently  in  the  eoncealnient  of  some  deserters  from  the 
Virginia  and  Albany  men-of-war,  by  which  means  both  he  and  the  old  fellow  (Dr.  C. 
Mayer,)  wetc  dismissed  the  (Capt.  Spry's)  works,  but  upon  examination,  the  latter 
was  found  to  be  ignorant  of  the  matter,  and  restored  to  favor  attain,  and  how  the 
former  will  support  his  family,  I  know  not,  as  his  reputation  is  greatly  blasted  l)y  his 
foolish  conduct."  E.  Doharty  was  in  Halifax,  January  28,  17^1,  as  appears  by  his  let- 
ter of  that  date,  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey.  The  latter  says,  April  IS,  1781 :  "  Mr.  Doliarty 
and  Dr.  Mayer  are  just  removed  to  Penobscot."  J.  Jones  says,  Fort  George,  March 
11,  1782 :     "  Doharty  has  gone  out  on  a  cruise." 


Cai'TAIX  CoMiis,  (of .)     llev.  J.  Bailey  says,  in  a  letter  to  liim  at 

Halifax,  dated  Cornwallis,  December  Gth,  177'J  :  "  Mr.  Brown  having  informed  me  of 
your  arrival  in  this  Province,  my  joy  at  this  agreeable  intelligence  would  not  permit 
me  to  be  silent.  »  *  1  am  convinced  that  you  must  feel  exquisite  satisfaction, 
■when  you  reflect  upon  your  escape  from  the  terrors  of  tyranny  and  usurpation,  and 
consider  yourself  allowed  to  breathe  the  air  of  freedom  in  a  region  where  mild  and 
legal  authority  prevails.  It  is  one  of  the  warmest  wishes  of  my  heart,  that  you  may 
procure  that  countenance  and  encouragement,  which  your  integrity,  your  sutferings 
and  your  loyalty  merit.  I  fancy  you  arc  able  to  furnish  me  with  some  interesting 
anecdotes  of  the  eastern  country,  where  I  hear  you  resided  some  time  before  your  de- 
parture." In  a  letter  to  Mr.  Thomas  Brown,  at  Halifax,  of  same  date,  Itcv.  J.  Bailey 
says  :  "  I  am  rejoiced  to  hear  that  Capt.  Combs  has  been  fortunate  enough  to  escape 
from  the  llebels.  You  may  regard  him  as  a  person  of  real  worth  and  unshaken  integ- 
rity, who  has  resisted  all  the  efforts  of  his  countrymen  to  seduce  and  subdue  him  with 
ama/.ing  fortitude,  and  his  honest  attachment  to  the  British  government  is  nearly 
without  example." 

JosErii  DoMKTTE,  (of  Boston/lMass.)  Rev.  J.  Railey  says,  in  a  letter  to  him  at  New 
York,  dated  February  11th,  1780  :  "  You  cannot  imagine  how  muuli  I  sullered  on  your 
account,  during  your  imprisonment  in  Boston.  I  greatly  feared  that  your  constitu- 
tion would  not  be  able  to  struggle  with  such  a  severe  misfortune."  Joseph  Dometto, 
in  a  letter  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  dated  "  Bron^ptim,  near  London,  August  17th,  1780," 
says  :  "  Your  anxious  concern  for  mc  during  my  cruel  pf  vseeution,  and  cordial  con- 
gratulations on  my  delivery,  are  proofs  oi"  .>our  benevolence,  etc.  etc."  Mrs.  Dometfe 
was  with  him.  Thomas  Oxnard  writes  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  at  Cornwallis,  under  date  of 
NewY'ork,  December  r2th,  1780.  Mr.  Oxnard  says:  "  Vour  friend,  Mr.  Domette, 
has  got  £80  a  year  from  Government,  and  £90  more,  by  employment  from  a  friend." 

Rev.  Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  J.  Dometto,  at  Brompton,  near  London,  under  date  of 
November  Cth,  1780  ;  "  I  have  in  keeping  the  manuscript  you  committed  to  my  care 
at  the  conflagration  of  Falmouth."  Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes  to  Mr.  Joseph  Domette,  at 
London,  October  31st,  1781 :  acknowledging  the  receipt  of  a  letter  from  him.  Rev.  J. 
Bailey  writes  to  Rev.  J.  Wiswell,  Cornwallis,  December  4th,  1781,  and  says  :  "  I  was  fa- 
voured with  letters  from  our  brethren  Peters  and  Clark,  (then  in  London,)  and  one  from 
^Ip.  Domette,  who  makes  the  kindest  inquiries  after  your  situation  and  welfare."  Rev. 
J.  Bailey  writes,  June  1.'3,  178.3,  to  Miss  Xye,  and  says  :  "  I  received,  yesterday,  a 
largo  packet  of  letters  from  London,  written  by  Mr.  Peters,  Mr.  Clark,  Mr.  Domette, 
and  others.  The  latter  is  about  taking  Orders,  probably  for  Digby."  Rev.  J.  Bailey 
writes,  June  2 ),  178-5,  to  Mr.  Joseph  Domette,  London  :  "  I  am  much  pleased  with 
your  intention  of  entering  into  Holy  Orders,  but  am  distressed  to  hear,  by  Col.  Fry, 
that  you  no  longer  receive  a  pension  from  the  Government.  *  *  *  my  most  respect- 
ful compliments  to  Mrs.  Domette."    Nathaniel  Coffin  writes,  August  10th,  1701,  to 


ill 


A 1'  P  E  N  D  I X . 


331 


i 


Rev.  J.  Jiailcy :  •'  I  lately  heard  from  our  friend,  Mr.  Dotncttc.  He  writes  from 
Axminster,  Devonshire,  —  says  lie  has  ROnc  through  many  scenes  of  disappointment ; 
but  since,  I  heard  by  a  friend,  that  he  hud  taken  Orders,  and  is  settled  either  in  Ireland 
or  Wales." 

Cvi'T.  Camphki.t,,  (of .)     r.cv.  J.  Bailey,  in  writing  to  Joseph  Domcttc,  at 

New  York,  under  date  of  Coruwallis,  February  11th,  17S0,  .says  :  "  Capt.' Campbell, 
Comiiiamlcr  of  the  garrison  in  tliis  place,  is  a  refuj^oe."  In  writinia;  to  Uev.  J.  W. 
Weeks,  at  Halifax,  dated  Cornwallis,  February  21,  1781,  Rev.  J.  Llailey  says  :  "  I  beg 
you  would  take  notice  of  Johnny  Campbell,  the  bearer,  ho  is  a  brother  refu<;ce,  and  a 
favorite."  Mi'in. — From  a  previous  letter,  it  seems  ttiat  this  Johnny  Ciimpbell  was 
the  son  of  the  above  Cai)t.  (.'aiiiiibell,  and  that  after  havini;  been  a  scholar  in  JMr. 
Bailey's  family,  he  was  destined  to  enter  the  Royal  Navy.  In  a  letter  to  Rev.  S. 
Peters,  in  London,  October  b>,  1782,  Rev.  J.  Bailey  speaks  of  Capt.  Campbell  being 
second  in  command  of  the  8Uli  Re^'imcnt,  in  June,  1780, 

Thomas  Roiiii:,  (of .)    Rev.  J.  Bailey,  in  a  letter  to  "  Thomas  Robie,  Esq., 

at  Halifax,"  dated  Cornwallis,  February  '-"Ith,  1780,  says  :  "  The  same  spirit  which 
pushes  men  in  the  land  of  our  nativity  to  commence  Committee  men,  etc.  etc.,  in 
these  regions,  enj^agcs  men  of  stronfj  passions  and  slender  abilities  to  become  preach- 
ers." Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes,  under  date  of  Cornv.'allis,  October  23d,  to  Mr.  Robie,  at 
Halifax,  in  behalf  of  Mr.  Thomas  Brown,  wlio,  it  seems,  was  a  debtor  to  Mr.  Robie. 
Also,  in  another  letter,  of  same  date,  to  ^Ir.  Robie,  Mr.  B.  says  :  "  If  you  are  willing 
to  take  my  bills,  I  can  immediately  transmit  you  a  bill  of  1'12  10,  which  was  due  in 
September." 

JosEi'H  Pattkx,  (of .)    Rev.  William  Clark  writes  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  at 

,  under  date  of  London,  December  2J,  1770,  and  says  ;     "  Joseph  Patten,  Esq., 

(formerly  an  active  man  in  that  Mi  .sion,*  and  Representallvc  for  tliat  County,)  I  think 
you  must  know,  inasmuch  as  he  once  told  me  that  he  had  for  a  while  attended  your 
ministry  when  he  lived  in  the  Eastern  Country.  I  want  to  know  whether  ho  be  living, 
and  what  part  he  takes  in  alTuirs,  ptih/ick  and  jmrochutl,  etc.  I  wrote  him  by  Mr. 
(Rev.  J.  W.,)  Weeks.'  (This  letter  is  directed  to  Joseph  Patten,  Esq.,  Granville, 
N.  S.,  and  is  dated  London,  March  2.3d,  1770.) 

Majoii         Rogkus,  (of .)    Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes  to  Maj.  Samuel  Goodwin, 

at  Pownalboro',  under  date  of  September  3J,  1779,  and  says  :  "  The  famous,  now  Col., 
but  once  Major  Rogers,  is  raising  two  or  three  Ijattalions  of  men  to  range  the  Eastern 
Country,  etc  etc."  This  was  probably  Maj.  Robert  Rogers,  of  Acw  Hampshire,  of 
whom  an  interesting  account  is  given  in  "  Sabine's  American  Loyalists,  p.  o7G,  s.  s. 


Dq-wlino,  (of 


.)    John  Jones  writes.  Fort  George,  Penobscot,  May 


12,  1782,  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey.  "  Mr.  Dowling,  and  a  number  of  our  refugees,  have  been 
to  ^Marblehead  in  order  to  cut  out  a  twenty-gun  ship.  They  were  discovered  when  on 
shore,  and  part  went  and  cut  out  a  shalloj)  at  noonday,  and  got  in  safe.  Mr.  Dow- 
ling, Towns  and  Dickey,  and  others,  went  out  of  town  at  noonday  to  Boston  undis- 
covered, and  then  got  on  board  of  some  vessel,  oame  to  Kcnncbcck,  and  got  here  safe, 
except  one  or  two  who  stopped  a  few  days  with  their  friends." 

CuMMiNC.s,  (of  IloUis,  N.   H.)     Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes:  Annapolis,  Dec. 

11th,  1782,  to  Thomas  Brown,  at  Halifax.  "  We  have  two  families  of  refugees  in  the 
house,  Mr.  Cummins,  a  gentleman  from  IloUis,  New  Hampshiic,  with  a  wife  and  two 
children  from  Connecticut ;  the  other  is  Mr.  McKiiovvii,  from  Boston,  with  two  negro 
men,  and  a  free  woman  of  tlie  same  complexion. " 

*  Annapolis  Royal. 


HI 


m 


1 

1   1 
-J , 

'  i''   :  '■ 

i' 

|7 

■   1    ■ 

1 

332 


A  1'  i'  K  N  I)  I  \  , 


I 

1-: 

f] 

•i> 

d 

¥  ^  ■ 

m 

i,:;? 

;  . 

John  McKown,  (of  Pcmaquid,  Mc>.)  "  Amoiin  other  (follow  HiUUTfrs  fiorn  New 
York,)  wc  have  at  our  liouse  one  John  MrKnown,  whoHO  fatliur  and  IriciidM  livrd  at 
Pciniuiuivl.  I  iiiiaKlnc!  you  must  havp  soiiiu  iic<iuiiintiin((' wiili  the  family,  lln  Ih  u 
sociable,  honest  youni?  Kcnllenian,  newly  manied,  anil  hin  wife  fairies  at  Ni'W  York." 
— Uev.  J.  Uailey'a  letter,  Jan.  lid,  17S3,  to  Mrs.  Callahan,  (I'ormtrly  of  I'own.ilhoi- 
ough,  Me.) 

I'ouM.VN.    llcv.  J.  Hailey.  in  wrilinp;  to  the  Society,  1*.  <i.,  October  28,  178t, 

speaks  of  "  Mr.  Forman,  the  iJrincijKil  Hclmolmastcr  in  I)i-'by,  N.  S."  lie  calls  liini 
"a  Ilefiigce  and  an  h.ilf-ij^iy  olticcr,"  and  narrates  his  elfbrts  to  jinnnote  a  i)ro|ier  ob- 
Bcrvane(M)f  tlie  Lord's  Day,  by  «sseniblinK  his  pupils  for  divine  serviec  on  tliat  day. 
These  were  joined  by  tlic  scholars  of  other  schools  in  the  town,  and  afterwards  by 
many  adults.     These  cll'orts,  Mr.  Bailey  sa)s,  produced  a  salutary  tifeet. 

Col.  (Pktku?)  I'uv,  (of  .Salem,  Mass.)  Tiev.  J.  Uailey  writes  to  Uev.  S.  I'arki  r, 
July  1,  178),  and  speaks  of  intelliyenec  received  from  J'^nnland  "  by  Col.  Fiy,  foi- 
nierly  of  .Salem,  who,"  he  says,  "  resides  in  my  family."  In  writing  to  Jlev.  S.  Peters, 
at  London,  June  20,  l^H"),  he  aiknowledi^'es  the  receipt  of  letters  Ironi  him,  and  sajs  ; 
"  Col.  Fry,  the  bearer,  takes  up  his  residence  under  my  roof."  Uev.  J.  Uailey  says, 
August  ](i,  178'5,  to  Rev.  Edward  Hass  :  "  Col.  Fry,  late  of  iSalem,  left  Fondoii  on  the 
first  of  May,  and  now  resides  at  my  house."  I'cter  Fry  writes,  Halifax,  N.  S.,  May 
22<1,  1780,  to  Uev.  J.  Uailey  .  "  I  would  assist  you  in  this  matter,  but  nm  obliged  to 
leave  this  part  of  the  world  for  New  Foundland." 

William  Gaudinku.  Rev.  J.  Uailey  writes  to  Rev.  J.  W.  "Weeks,  of  Marlile- 
head,  under  date  of  I'ownalbnrouj^h,  October  lOth,  1777:  "We  have  had  two  Tory 
Courts.  In  the  former  they  condemned  Mr.  AV'illiam  <  iardiner."  R(>v.  J.  Uiiiley  writes 
also  to  Rev.  Edward  Uass,  jScwburyport,  Sei)t.  'Jlst,  1777  ;  "  1  write  this  l)y  Mr.  (iind- 
incr,  who  is  condemned  in  a  most  extraordinary  manner  for  transportation."  To 
John  Weeks,  Esq.,  of  Greenland,  A.  II,,  Mr.  Uailey  also  writes,  Vown.ilborough, 
Sept.  22d,  1777  :  "  I  have  committed  this  letter  to  the  care  of  Mr.  Gardiner,  who  has 
been  tried  and  condemned  without  being  allowed  the  benefit  of  the  liw,  and  is  now 
on  his  journey  to  Boston,  where  he  will  be  coniined  on  board  a  guard  ship,  unless  the 
sentence  shall  be  reversed."  Also  to  Rev.  Dr.  Uyles  :  "  Pownalborough,  October 
10,  1777.  I  must  refer  to  the  bearer,  Mr.  Gardiner,  for  particulars.  Ho  is  a 
true  loyalist,  and  has  from  the  Ijcginning  oi)posed  the  American  measures.  No  man 
among  us  has  done  more,  according  to  his  abilities,  to  support  the  distressed  friends 
of  government."  To  Dr.  Silvester  Gardiner,  at  London,  Rev.  J.  Uailey  writes,  Hali- 
fax, July  2!)th,  1779,  and  says:  "  The  malice  of  Gushing  and  Uowman  has  been  rest- 
less and  furious,  both  against  me  and  your  son.  After  long  attendance  Mr.  (iardiner 
obtained  leave  to  visit  you  at  York,  but  was  unhappy  enough  to  find  that  you  had 
sailed  for  England.  He  then  returned  to  Kennebcck,  from  whence  he  was  driven  in 
April  last,  but  returned  June  1st." 

Wallace.    Thomas  Brown  writes,  Halifax,  Feb.  Kith,  1780  :  "  A  man  lately 

died  with  the  smallpox  at  liis  (Ed.  Doherty's)  liouse,  in  Halifax,  who  had  the  dis- 
temper as  bad,  I  suppose,  as  any  man  ever  had  it.  His  name  was  Wallace,  ;i  refugee 
from  New  England,  a  man  of  good  character,  who  lodged  at  his  liouse,  and  was  [ler- 
suadcd  to  be  innoculatcd  by  a  Hessian  doctor,  and,  I  believe,  lost  his  life  ly  that 
means." 

Nathaniel    GAnDiXF.ii,  (of  Pownalborough.)      Rev.   J.  Bailey  writes,  Pownal- 
borough, Oct.  13,  1777,  to  Mr.  Thomas  Brown,  at :     "  The  bearer,  Mr.  NathT 

Gardiner,  kinsman  to  Dr.  Gardiner,  I  can  recommend  as  a  steady  friend  to  Government. 
He  has  greatly  distinguished  himself  l)y  using  both  his  influence  and  fortune  for  the 
support  of  those  who  have  been  persecuted  and  distressed,  &c.  &c."  John  Jones  writes, 


Al'riiM)I\. 


;3;j3 


under  tliito of  FortOrorpto,  I'cnoliscot,  Sppt.ttli,  17f<t>,  to  Rev.  J.  Ilailry.at  Cnriovallis: 
"  iNiil .  (iiiidiiK  r  is  II  [nisoiKT  with  tlie  rcluls  in  Cisco  kuuI."  'J'Iids.  Ilrouii  in  a  littiT, 
Halifax, -Sciit.  13,  1780,  to  Ruv.  J.  Hailcy,  iit  Cornw.illis,  «iiys  ;  "  Niith'l  (Jardincr,  in  at- 
t('Mi|itlii!,'  to  K'-'t  lip  Honii!  iron,  liclon^iii^?  to  Iho  r(tl)(.'l  wri'ckn,"  (iit  I'fnobsi'ot,)  "  wuh 
iiiiliK^kily  niadn  a  jiriNonrr,  and  in  now  in  SuU-m  ( ? )  Rttol.  His  family  is  at  I'cnolj- 
Boot."  Xntlianitl  (iardiiur  writes  from  I'ort  (norHi",  I'l'noljsrot,  .laiiiiary 'Jlsl,  1781, to 
licv,  J.  UaiUy,  at  (JornwallJs,  and  says  :  "  In  May  last  1  suih  d  from  Niw  York  in 
tho  armed  Hcliooncr  Ooldcn  I'ippin,  whicli  I  had  the  honour  to  coiiiiiiiuid,  and  arrived 
Hafc  lit  this  ])ort  after  a  sliorl  passa),'c  with  my  family,  dcsi'^'nitii,'  upon  ii  cruise  as 
Koon  as  1  euuld  ship  u  proper  ciew,  but  lindin:;  hands  scarce,  and  lieinj;  advised  to  go 
up  Penobscot  Kiver,  (liy  Commodore  Mowat,)  was  unfortunately  liken  t)y  a  party  of 
rdiels,  (being  a  detachment  of  (Jen'l  Wadsworth's  rebels.)  'Ihey  immediately  pro- 
ceeded with  nic  to  IJrunswick,  (on  New  Meadow's  Itiver,)  where  I  was  taken  out  of 
said  vessel  l)y  John  llol)by,  John  Wood,  Heujiimin  Lcmmon,  and  a  number  of  other 
rebi  Is  unknown,  vvlio  carried  me  to  said  Lemmon's  !i(ui:<e,  and  kept  me  luubr  a  strong 
guard  ail  ni^ht.  In  tho  nioriiin<j;  I  was  marched  to  Duinmer  Sewall's,  for  oiilcrs,  wlio 
never  examiiu'd  nic  a  word,  but  j^ave  orders  for  my  niaridilii'^  to  Casco  ^"lal  in  irons. 
Tlu'si!  orders  were  complied  with,  and  I  was  marihed  down  to  Mepheli  Samson's  to 
have  iny  irons  on,  where  I  was  met  by  a  crowd  of  miscreants,  from  whom  I  received 
nbundanoe  of  insults  and  menaces,  hardly  to  be  borne  with,  and  in  about  an  hour  set 
out  for  Casco.  Arrived  at  IJniiiswick,  at  ."stone's,  in  the  evening,  niucli  fatigued.  I 
was  put  into  a  chamber,  where  four  men  guarded  ine  tlic  whole  niglit.  with  tho  door 
locked,  and  in  bed  in  irons.  The  ne.\t  morning  early  set  out  for  Falmouth,  where  wo 
arrived  about  sunset.  In  my  way  I  was  carried  to  the  gallows,  and  told  that  that 
was  my  place.  I  was  delivered  to  one  Joseph  Prime,  then  Commanding  ('ilicer  at 
I'almouth ;  and  after  searching  my  pockets,  and  taking  from  me  my  Commission  and 
instructions  from  the  Court  of  Admiralty,  thrust  me  into  gaol,  where  I  had  neither 
bed,  blanket,  or  anything  to  lay  on  but  the  oak  plank  floor,  with  the  heiids  of  spikes  an 
inch  high,  and  so  thick  together  I  could  not  lay  down  clear  of  them.  Neither  victuals 
nor  drink  ordered  me,  and  a  strong  guard  set  at  the  prison,  in  which  I  lay  five  days. 
My  son  brought  mo  some  money,  or  I  must  have  died  from  such  cruel  treatment  as  1 
received  at  their  hands.  I  arrived  at  Casco  prison  tho  2'.)th  day  of  June,  1780,  and 
was  indicted  for  High  Treason  the  latter  part  of  the  first  week  in  July  following,  as 
you  will  see  Ijy  tlic  enclosed  copy.  I  employed  Mr.  Lowell  and  Mr.  Bradbury  for  my 
counsel,  who  wore  threatened  by  the  mobility  at  the  Court  House  door  for  undertak- 
ing for  a  Tory.  At  length,  by  the  interest  and  influence  of  my  two  attorneys,  the 
case  was  continued  to  next  term.  I  tarried  in  prison  four  months,  during  which 
time  they  never  allowed  mu  the  value  of  a  paper  dollar  to  cat  or  drink,  but  what  I 
paid  for  as  I  had  it.     After  they  robbed  mo  of  clothes,  and  even  my  pocket-book,  they 

told  the  (,'aolcr  if  I  could  not  support  myself  I  might  die  and  be .     At  length  I 

found  means  to  break  the  prison  and  make  my  escape." 

In  a  letter  from  the  same  to  the  same,  from  satiic  place,  dated  March  12tli,  1781,  he 
says  :  "  I  hiwe  tho  pleasure  to  inform  you  that  Sally  is  married  to  Mr.  Rogers,  tho 
Commissary  of  this  garrison.  Doctor  Coflin  was  very  kind  to  me  while  in  prison,  and 
desires  to  bo  remembered  to  you.  I  left  Ridley  in  Casco  gaol  when  I  left  it,  for  Tory- 
ism, but,  I  am  informed,  he  is  since  gone  homo."  Nathaniel  (iardiner  writes  to  Rev.  J. 
Bailey,  Cornwallis,  under  date  Fort  George,  Penobscot,  March  28th,  17SI ;  "  I  send 
you  a  copy  of  my  Indictment,  in  order  to  let  you  know  the  determination  of  the  Reb- 
els, while  in  their  power,  with  insults  and  irons  for  four  months,  without  anything 
to  oat  or  drink,  and  at  last  broke  gaol  and  made  my  escape.  Indeed,  I  am  not  able 
to  describe  to  you  my  sutlerings.  They  have  robbed  me  of  all  I  had,  and  reduced  me 
to  the  lowest  ebb.     I  am  in  no  way  of  doing  anything  at  present." 

Rev.  J.  Uailey,  in  answering  the  above,  April  17,  1781,  says:  "I  determine  to 


m: 


I 


% 


M'' 


334 


APPENDIX. 


i'        1 


transmit  a  copy  of  your  indictment  to  Mr.  Domette  and  Mr.  Lydo,  who  have  -loosid- 
crablc  influence  with  soiuc  Icadinp;  gentlemen.  *  *  I  .shall  have  strong  liiduce- 
innnts  to  do  tliis,  both  from  motives  of  sympathy  and  gratitude,  for  the  many  favours 
we  formerly  received  from  your  generosity  have  laid  us  under  pressing  obligations  to 
make  the  most  sensible  returns  in  our  power."  In  writing  to  George  Lyde,  at  London, 
under  date  of  April  .'{ ),  17^1,  Rev.  J.  Bailey  says  :  "  r.I>-.  Nathaniel  Gardiner  was  for- 
merly a  Justice  in  the  cohiny  of  llhode  Island,  but  lately  an  inhabitant  of  Pownal- 
borough,  on  the  Kennebec  Ulver.  *  *  After  being  cruelly  harrassed  and  plundered, 
he  escaped  from  the  dominions  of  revolt,  and  through  various  obstructions  arrived  in 
safety  at  New  York."  11.  B.  Brown,  in  writing  to  Rev.  J.  Bailey,  Halifax,  June  29th, 
17S3,  speaks  of  the  proposed  abandonment  of  Fort  George,  Penobscot,  by  the  British, 
He  continues  :  "  some  of  the  inhabitants  intend  for  Port  Ruseway,  others  for  Passa- 
mai|iioddy.  Mr.  Ciardiner  and  family  are  for  the  former.  He  has  been  over  there 
lately  with  a  load  of  boards,  and  has  drawn  his  lot."  Rev.  J.  Bailey  wrote  to  N. 
Gardiner,  July  2Gth,  1784 :  "I  am  anxious  to  hear  in  what  manner  you  proceed  at 
Port  Roscway,  and  wlietner  you  are  in  love  with  the  name,  Shelburne  ?" 

Cii.vuLEsTowx.*    Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes,  C'ornwallis,  Sept.  Gth,  1781,  to  Rev. 

J.  W.  Weeks  :  "  I  am  favoured  with  your  letter  by  Charlestown,  who  has  often  trans- 
ported us  over  the  river  of  rebellio  ,  when  we  resided  at  Cambridge." 

Du.  James  Trri'ini,  (of  Pownalboro'.)  This  gentleman  resided  at  Pownalboro',  at 
least  from  August  21th,  1772,  till  June  8th.  177o,  as  during  the  time  embraced  between 
these  two  dates  entries  are  made  in  Rev.  J.  Bailey's  Journal  of  their  exchanging 
visits  at  their  respective  houses.  In  September,  177!),  Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  him  at 
Newport.  R.  I.,  and  speaks  of  "our  friends  in  that  quarter,  "  n  aning  Pownalboro', 
which  he  had  just  before  mentioned. 

In  a  letter  from  Fort  George,  May  12th,  1782,  it  is  said :  "  Dr.  Tupper  is  here,  and 
gives  me  the  news  from  that  ([uarter.f  He  has  lived  at  home  with  his  father  in  peace 
for  a  long  time."  Rev.  J.  Bailey  writes  June  h'.th,  1787,  to  Peter  Hunter,  Es(i.,  Sec- 
retary to  the  Commissioners,  &c.,  at  St.  John,  N.  B. :  "I  raclosed  tc  your  direction, 
some  time  ago,  a  certificate  respecting  Jlrs.  Rebecca  Callahan,  but  as  I  am  uncertain 
whether  you  ever  received  it,  I  would  beg  leave  to  transmit  another  by  Dr.  Tupper,  a 
gentleman  with  whom  1  have  long  been  acquainted.  lie  was  High  Sherill  under  His 
Majesty.  I  knuw  him  to  have  been  loyal  from  the  beginning  of  the  late  revolution, 
and  that  he  has  suffered  several  severe  imprisonments  for  his  adherence  to  the  Royal 
cause."  This  application  probably  proved  unsuccessful,  as  the  subject  of  this  notice 
returned  to  A'antucket,  where  he  died. 

Benjamin  Snow.  Mr.  Bailey  says  of  this  person,  that  "  he  made  his  escape  to  An- 
napolis in  1781."  In  a  letter  to  the  Venerable  Society,  Oct.,  1782,  Mr.  Bailey  writes  ; 
"  The  school  at  Annapolis  has  been  supplied  for  a  year  past  by  Mr.  Benjamin  Snow, 
who  received  his  education  at  Dartmouth  College  and  was  expelled  from  New  Eng- 
land for  his  loyalty."  Rev.  Dr.  Morice  in  his  reply  to  this  eommuniiation  in  January 
of  the  following  year,  says:  "The  Society  have  complied  with  all  your  reciuests. 
They  have  a])pointcd  Mr.  Benjamin  Snow  their  schoolmaster  at  Annapolis,  with  the 
usual  salary  of  ten  Pounds,  ctunmencing  on  Michaelmas  last."  In  the  spring  of  1783 
Mr.  Bailey  wrote  to  the  subject  of  this  notice  at  St.  Johns,  i\.  B.,  to  which  place  he 
had  then  removed.  December  10th,  I'iS'),  Mr.  Bailey  wrote  to  Rev.  Mr.  Cook,  at  the 
above-named  place  :  "  I  am  persuaded  that  Mr.  Snow  is  in  very  narrow  circumstances," 


•This  may  have  boon  a  nickname  yivcn  to  an  iiuiivWiial  well  liuuwu  to  Mr.  ISailoy  anil   Mr. 
Wcclvs. 
t  I'robaWy  Nantucket. 


•  I.C 


ATPENDIX. 


335 


k 


•ToirN  Lee,  (of  Concord.  Mass.)  October,  1777,  Mr.  T3ailpy  says  ■.  "  Mr.  Lccis  cap- 
tain of  a  company  in  New  York."  To  John  Jones,  I'cb.  S,  IJiSO:  "  Your  brother, 
Jack  I.eo,  came  to  Ilalifa.x,  soon  after  tlie  dispersion  of  the  reliels  at  Penoljseot,  and 
was  fre<iuently  at  my  honse.  He  informed  ns  that  his  brother  had  reached  .\cw  York 
in  safety.  lie  had  been  in  a  ))rivatcer  with  .\at.  Gardiner,  and  afterwards  returned 
to  JVnobscot,  and  then  came  to  Halifax  in  the  Nantilus."  And  in  a  letter  written 
about  the  same  time  to  Mr.  Jonas  Lee,  at  Concord,  Mass.,  Mr.  Bailey  says  ;  "  Your 
brother  Jack  was  frequently  at  my  house  in  Septsmbcr  last,  but  where  he  is  at  pres- 
ent I  am  uncertain." 


-.)     lie   embarked  with  the  British  army  for 


Cai'taix  Antill  Gallop,  (of  — 
ILilifax  in  1770. 

Mr.  Biiley  says,  September  loth,  1781:  "  Capt.  Gallop,  my  particular  friend,  left 
Newbury,  (Mass.)  within  this  fortnight,  and  is  now  at  Windsor." 

Thomas  Brown  writes,  Halifax,  September  loth,  of  the  same  year  :  "  Our  friend  Gal- 
lop has  been  very  unfortunate  in  his  affairs,  havin;^  been  captured  by  a  rebel  ship,  car- 
ried to  G\iadaloupe,  whence  he  took  pass.ige  for  Xewljiiry,  and  lately  arrived  here,  in 
a  cartel  from  Portsmouth."  Captain  Gallop  was  at  Windsor,  X.  S.,  in  the  following 
JNovcmber,  as  appears  from  the  copy  of  a  letter  addressed  to  him  tliere. 

Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  him,  August  \'),  17S-,  and  says  :  ''  In  the  cvrning  I  received  a 
visit  from  Captain  Baxter  and  his  son.  They  inform  me  that  you  had  been  endowed 
with  a  grant  of  one  thousand  acres  of  land  upon  .St.  Joiiu's.  This  intelligence  has 
excited  me  to  petition  for  indulgence  of  the  same  nature.  Our  good  friend.  Captain 
Baxter,  is  desirous  of  having  me  settle  with  tluiu,  and,  in  that  case,  I  should  be  en- 
titled to  a  thousand  acres  as  the  first  minister." 

The  subject  of  th's  notice  was  at  Windsor,  N.  S.,  October  -  Jth,  17S2,  and  at  Parrs- 
borough,  July  10th,  17!S(j. 

Williams.*    Mr.  Bailey  says  in  a  let  or,  April  1st,  17S3 :     "  The  bearer, 

Mr.  Vv'illiams,  was  formerly  an  eminent  lawyer  in  New  England,  but  w«e  expelled  for 
his  aversion  to  rebellion." 

James  RooEUS.  Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  him  September  2d,  1782,  and  says :  "When 
did  you  receive  any  intelligence  from  Mrs.  Rogers,  your  little  son,  and  our  friends  at 
Penobscot  ? " 

Another  letter  from  Mr.  Bailey,  July  26th,  1784,  was  addressed  to  J.  Rogers,  at 
Shelburne,  N   S. 

Simon  Baxter,  (of  New  Ilampsliirc.)  In  writing  to  Joseph  Domette,  then  in  Eng- 
land, under  date  of  October  17th,  1782,  Mr.  Ilailey  says  "  A  few  days  ago  I  was 
favoured  with  a  visit  from  Capt.  Baxter,  formerly  a  fellow  prisoner  with  you  in  Boston." 

Captain  >  Baxter  says  in  a  letter:  "  Cunnab  eni*.  Feb.  lOth,  1783,  I  am  settled 
with  my  family  on  the  promised  land,  and  am  doing  very  well." 


,)  embarked  at  Boston  with  the  British  army, 


Bartholemew  Sullivan,  (of — 
for  Halifax,  in  177(1. 

Kev.  J.  Bailey  wrote  to  him  at  New  York,  July  Gth,  1779  :  also,  to  the  same  place, 
August  1 1th  of  the  same  year,  giving  him  an  account  of  the  situation  of  Gen.  McLean, 
at  Tenobscdt  In  a  letter,  Augtist,  1780,  to  Bartholemew  Sullivan,  at  A'ew  York,  Mr. 
Bailey  ackm  wledges  the  receipt  of  a  letter  fro:  i  him.  Mr.  Bailey  also  wrote,  July 
2Gth,  1781,  to  Mr.  Sullivan,  and  said :  "  We  have  both  passed  through  a  variety  of 
scenes  since  our  last  meeting  at  the  hous^  of  our  old  friend,  Dr.  Gardiner,  in  Boston." 


*  I'crliaps  Elijah,  of  Kecnc,  N.  H.   See  Snbinc's  Auicrlcan  Loyalists,  p,  707. 


336 


APPKN  DIX. 


Hi 


Dn.  JoxATiivN-  TIicKs,  (of  Boston,  Mass.)  Dr,  Ilicks  was  in  Pownalhorough  at  vn- 
rious  times  during  the  first  six  rnontlis  of  1771.  Mi'.  Bailey  terms  him  Dr.  Hiclis,  "  of 
Boston,"  though  he  was  solllfd  for  about  two  voars  iu  wliat  is  now  Gardiner,  Maine. 
Mr.  Bailey  wrote  to  him,  Aup;ust  iLlth,  177!^  at  Antigua.  He  also  wrote,  December 
22d,  17^",  and  s\id  :  "  By  a  letter  from  your  brother  last  winter,  I  was  informed  that 
you  were  then  well  at  Antigua." 

Gr.oiiGE  Lyde,  (of  Falmouth,  Maine.)  This  gentleman  wrote  to  Mr.  Bailey,  Febru- 
ary 17th,  1778:  "  1  purpose  to  go  to  (New)  York  in  the  first  frigate,  and  from  thence 
to  London.  Capt.  Pote,  Mr.  0\nard,  and  Mr.  Simmons,  arc  all  well,  and  desire  their 
compliments."  A  letter  was  addressed  to  the  subject  of  this  notice  at  ISew  York, 
dated  July  Sd,  177i',  l)y  Mr.  Bailey,  giving  him  an  account  of  the  suHerings  which  the 
writer  had  undergone  from  political  persecutions.  T'^  also  wrote  to  him  at  the  same 
nliice,  during  the  following  winter.  In  this  letter  he  says  :  "  You  have  a  sister  mnr 
tied  to  an  inhal)itant  of  this  town,  (Cornwallis,)  highly  bigotted  to  princiiib  >  wlr  . 
conipel'icd  us  and  thousands  more,  to  abandon  our  beloved  homes,  and  to  e.\|M  k;  an 
asylum  iu  distant  climes."  J.  Domette,  in  u  letter  from  Brompton,  near  London,  Au- 
gust 17th,  17S0,  says :     "  Jlr.  Lyde  is  well,  and,  I  believe,  intends  writing." 

Jo)i>r  C.VHLivrox,  (of  Woolwich.  Me.)  Mr.  Bailey  says,  April  27th,  1781,  in  a  letter 
to  Rev.  AVilliam  Clark:  "As  to  Mr.  Cavlcton,  he  is  one  of  my  old  P.irishioners,  a 
man  of  the  highest  inte,»rity,  tie  most  undaunted  fortitude  and  inflexilile  loyalty. 
When  tlie  whole  country  was  rising  into  sedition  and  mobs,  spreading  the  terrors  of 
thpir  rioting  into  every  region,  nothing  could  shake  his  firmness,  or  abate  his  intre- 
pidity, and  though  he  was  met  in  a  lonely  forest  by  near  two  hundred  men  in  arms 
requiring  him  to  sign  the  solemn  league  and  covenant,  or  consent  to  be  buried  alive, 
he  nobly  acquiesced  with  the  latter,  and  with  great  resolution  assisted  in  digging  his 
own  grave :  but  finding  him  still  ni  moved  with  their  menaces,  they  allowed  him  to 
escape.  There  were  generous  spirits  among  them,  swearing  that  he  was  a  brave  fel- 
low. Ho  afterwards  concealed  in  his  house,  supported  and  aided  in  their  fiight,  several 
unhappy  exiles.  He  was  a  friendly  benefactor  to  me  and  family,  and  it  was  from  his 
house  we  took  our  departure  for  Nova  Scotia.  But  I  am  almost  wholly  unacquainted 
■with  his  story  since  that  event.  It  is  true,  I  received  a  short  letter  from  him  a  few 
'^.ays  ago,  announcinnf  his  residence  at  Penobscot." 

April  7th,  1781.  Mr.  Bailey  writes  to  Thomas  Brown,  and  speaks  of  having  just 
rtocived  letters  from  Penobscot,  "from  our  old  friend,  John  Carleton."  "Mr. 
Carleton,"  he  continues,  "  was  plundered  by  the  rebels,  ana  after  a  variety  of  adven- 
tures, reached  the  British  lines  in  company  with  several  young  men  of  his  neighbour- 
hood. He  is  regarded  as  a  man  of  enterprise  and  activity.  A  number  of  my 
parishioners  and  aeiiuaint.- nee  have  lately  arrived  from  the  rebel  dominions,  among 
the  rest,  Mr.  Benoni  (iarduior,  son  to  Nathaniel  Gardiner."  The  following  day,  in  a 
letter  to  llov.  J.  'i'^'.  Weeks,  ii  is  said:  "Caileton  being  talicn  by  a  vessel  in  the 
British  service,  and  carried  into  the  above-mentioned  port,*  was  sent  in  his  own 
schooner,  by  Cul.  Campbell,  as  n  cartel  to  Boston.  But  without  -'.ny  regard  to  the 
sanctity  of  a  flag,  the  rebels  seized  his  vessel,  and  plundered  his  effects.  He  was, 
however,  fortunate  enough  to  escape,  and  with  two  or  three  young  fellows,  belonging 
to  Woolwich,  reached  Penobscot  in  safety,  leaving  a  wife  and  ten  children  to  the 
mercy  of  the  incensed  rebels."  A  letter  from  I'ort  George,  Penobscot,  WTitten  about 
a  month  later  than  the  foregoing,  says  :  "  Carleton  is  gone  in  a  flag  to  Kennebeck  for 
some  families." 

Mr.  Bailey  addressed  the  following  to  Captain  C.  It  is  dated  Cornwallis,  N.  S. 
April  8th,  1782.    "  I  rccciycd  a  letter  from  you  last  summer,  but  was  prevented  from 


*  Peno!is''ot. 


APPENDIX. 


337 


making  any  reply  by  reason  of  the  rebel  boats  and  plunderers  on  our  coast.  I  have 
letters  from  Peuabscot,  but  no  mention  of  you.  As  to  what  you  mentioned  concern- 
ing your  return  to  Kennebeck :  it  you  arc  not  already  there,  I  would  beg  leave  to 
reply,  that  I  cannot  apprehend  it  would  be  prudent  for  you  to  put  yourself  into  their 
power,  and  to  what  purpose  will  be  Mr.  McCobb's  protection,  however  honest  his  in- 
tentions, when  there  is  a  power  in  the  governor  and  his  council  to  apprehend  any 
person  they  please,  and  to  proceed  with  him  according  to  martial  law.  It  cannot  be 
denied  that,  according  to  their  laws,  you  have  been  guilty  of  treason." 


Jackson,  (of- 


-.)    Rev.  J.  Bailey  wrote  to  Mr.  Jackson  at  Pownalboro', 


Maine,  and  said  :    "  Mr.  Lee  has  lately  arrived  here  from  New  York,  and  informs  me 
that  your  brother  is  at  Newport,  Rhode  Island." 


•Coffin,  Dr. 


(of  Falmouth,  Maine.)  In  writing  to  Rev.  Mr.  Wiswall,  April 
28th,  1781,  Mr.  Bailey  says  :  "  Dr.  Coffin  still  continues  at  Falmouth,  ar  inflexillj 
friend  of  government." 

Dr.  Cassimire  Meyer,  (of  Pownalboro',  Maine.)  Dr.  Meyer  accompanied  Rev,  J. 
Bailey  in  his  journey  to  Halifax,  in  June,  1779.  When  Mr.  B.  left  that  place  for 
Cornwallis,  Dr.  M.  remained  behind.  He  was  implicated  with  Edmund  Doharty,  in 
the  concealment  of  deserters  from  British  men-of-war,  but  was  cleared  from  the  charge. 
(See  under  E.  Doharty.)  Mr.  Bailey  says,  April  18th,  1781 :  •'  Mr.  Doharty  and  Dr. 
Meyer  aro  just  removed  to  Penobscot."  Mrs.  11.  Callahan  writes,  Pownalboro',  Oct. 
11th,  1789  :  "  The  Meyers  are  all  well.  Cassimire  has  returned,  built  him  a  hut  on  the 
banks  of  the  Sydney,  and  lives  quite  in  the  hermit's  style.  The  name  of  the  Eastern 
River  is  altered  by  Court  to  that  of  Sydney," 

Maj.  Samuel  Goodwin,  (of  Pownalboro'.)    His  agency  in  promoting  the  settle- 
ment of  Kennebec  has  been  spoken  of. 
Mr.  Bailey  says :  "  Major  Goodwin  signed  an  address  to  Gen.  Gage." 


43 


I 


II 


338 


APPENDIX. 


''0- 


ilU 


f  . 


LETTERS     AND    JOURNALS. 

The  following  letters  and  journals  were  not  inserted  in  the 
Memoir.  But  as  they  appear  to  contain  much  that  is  worthy 
of  being  preserved,  they  are  placed  in  the  Appendix. 

PowNALHORo',  April  8th,  1763. 
To  Dr.  S.  Gardiner,  Boston. 

»  *  As  to  Cobbosee,*  I  am  sorry  to  find  some  of  the  greatest  bigots  there  in  the 
land  a'jainst  the  Church  of  England.  I  was  lately  among  them  to  preach  a  lecture, 
but  the  people  excused  themselves  from  attending,  and  desired  that  I  would  visit  them 
on  a  Sunday.  I  however  preached  at  Capt.  Howard'8,t  and  had  a  considerable  con- 
gregation of  the  upper  settlers.    »     *       « 

PoAVNALBOBO',  March  10th,  17G6. 
To  Rev.  IT.  Caner,  Boston. 

*  «  I  have  had  more  avocations  abroad  this  winter  than  ever,  on  the  business  of 
my  Mission,  and  have  been  several  journeys  of  twenty  or  thirty  miles  each  way,  to 
marry  and  baptize. 

PowNA.LBono',  October  15th,  1766. 
To  Mr.  Amos  Bailey. 

♦  *  *  We  have  all  been  alarmed  on  account  of  the  Indians,  and  have  been 
obliged  to  quit  our  habitations,  though  there  has  not  the  least  damage  been  done  by 
them. 

1767. 

Atujust  1st.    At  Richmond,  at  Mr.  Nye's. 

2d—Stmday.    80  persons  at  Church.    Contribution,  £3  19  6,  0.  T. 

3d.    Mrs.  Silvester  here. 

******* 

I3th.    Visit  from  Mess.  Bowdoin's,  Pitts'  and  Reed's  families. 
Idth — tHunday.    82  persons  at  Church.     Contribution,  £2  12  0. 
20th.    Married  John  Row  and  Hannah  Chase.    60  people  present. 
27th.    A  great  quarrel  at  Frankfort.]: 
September  Tlh.    At  Richmond,  at  Deacon  Chase's. 

IWi.    At  Mr.  Houdlette's.     Married  Philip  Mayer  and  Polly  Houdletto.     Sixty 
people  present.    A  fine  entertainment. 
2\it.    Set  out  to  meet  Mr.  Weeks, il     Lodged  at  Dr.  Moor's. 


*  Cobosce-contcc,  or  Sturgeon  Kivev,  is  the  Iiuliaii  mimo  of  ;i  utrenm  wliieli  eiittrs  the  Kennehoc  at 
the  present  city  of  Gardiner.  Tlie  territory  near  the  junction  of  the  two  rivers  retained  for  ii  long 
time  tlie  name  which  the  Indiana  gave  to  tlic  stroain. 

tl'robabiy  at  fort  Western,  in  tlie  present  city  of  Aucusta. 

ifThls  was  the  name  of  the  AVcst  Trccinct  of  PownalMoru',  before  the  territory  bcarinR  that  appel- 
lation was  incorporated.  The  original  name  appears  to  have  continued  in  popular  language  niiuiy 
years  after  the  act  of  incorporation. 

II  Rev.  J.  Wingate  Weeks,  Rector  of  St.  Michael's  Church,  Marblchcad. 


APPENDIX. 


339 


At  night,  came  to  Mr. 


22d.    TraTelled  to  SkillinRs'  (?)  with  Capt.  Berry. 

23rf.    Arrived  at  Ladd's,  (?)  but  saw  notliing  of  Mr.  Weeks. 
Greenwood's  and  lodged. 

IWt.    Travcjllcd  with  Mr.  Greenwood.    Arrived  at  Portsmouth,  and  slept  at  Col. 
Warner's. 

2ol/i.     Arrived  at  Nrwbury,  and  slept  at  (Rev.)  Mr.  Bass's. 

2G//t.    Changed  horses  at  Rowley.    Arrived  at  Marblchead. 

27</i — Simdaij.    Preached  for  Mr.  Weeks. 

28//i.    Mr.  Weeks  pr  >cured  for  me  five  dollars.    Capt.  Walton  (?)  gave  me  one. 
Arrived  at  Marchas,  (Manchester  ?)  and  lodged  at  my  brother's. 

29<A.    Rode  to  Rowley,  and  there  found  my  old  friend  Dr.  Moore  (?).    Spent  the 
afternoon  at  Mrs,  Woodman's. 

3;)</i.    Rode  to  Portsmouth.    Visited  Mr.  Browne,*  and  slept  at  Col.  Warner's. 

October  \st.     Travelled  this  day  with  Dr.  Jones,  Capt.  Lovet,  and  Capt.  Woodman. 
We  all  put  up  at  Kimball's. 

2d.     Reached  Mitchell's  about  dusk. 

3(/.     Reached  Dr.  Moor's,  greatly  fatigued. 

Alh.     Reached  home. 

"ith.     Unwell,  could  not  attend  a  funeral. 

8M.     Visited  Mr.  Lilly,  Mr.  Iloudlette,  Mr.  J.  Goud,  and  Mr.  P.  Mayer. 

Wth — Suiida;/.     S')  persons  at  Church.     Contribution,  IBs. 

V2t/i.     Mr.  Michels  arrived  here. 

ISih — Suiidui/.    But  a  few  people  at  Church. 

22(1.     Mrs.  Bailey  and  I  go  to  Woolwich. 

23?;.    We  come  from  Woolwich,  and  dine  at  Mr.  Preble's.    Afterwards,  I  go  down 
to  Mr.  Butler's. 

2ith.    At  Mr.  Butler's  and  Mr.  Moulton's. 

2')th — Sundai/.     Preached  at  Mr.  Drummond's.f    Baptized  two. 

26th.     Rode  down  to  Mr.  Percy's,  b\it  got  badly  lost. 

27''-     Returned.    Baptized  5  children. 

2Slh.    A  severe  storm  of  rain  and  snow.    At  Dr.  Moor's,    Visited  Mr.  Winter.J 

29tli.    A  violent  stormy  wind.    At  Dr.  Moor's. 

3Qth.    Rodo  home. 

3l5^    Travelled  in  my  late  excursion  80  miles. 

[The  Journals  are  missing  from  November  1st,  1767,  to  April  Ist,  1709.] 

1769. 

April  5th — Sunday.    Such  bad  travelling,  no  service. 

13//(.    At  Mr.  Lilly's.!!  Mr-  Goad's,  Mrs.  Patterson's,  and  Capt.  Callahan's. 
loth.     Mr.  Duiilap  here,  at  Major  Goodwin's.     Letters  from  Boston, 
I'th.    Capt.  Callahan  crrives  here,  with  a  largo  packet  from  Dr.  Gardiner,  contain- 
ing a  plan  of  a  Church,  etc.    At  Mr.  Pochard'b.    Baptized  Jane Carney. 

18//t.     Mrs.  Chase  here. 

2liit.    At  Capt.  Callahan's,  Mr.  Goud's,  Mr.  Ridley's,  etc. 

23(/.    Rode  over  to  Averill's.    Married  his  daughter  Lydia  to  A.  Dunlap.-    ' 


♦Hev.  Arthur  Browne,  Hector  of  Queen's  Chapel. 

+  In  Ucorfe'ctown. 

;|:  I'roliahl.v  Hev.  Francis  Whiter,  (Harvard  Coll.,  176,5,)  Pastor  of  the  Second  Congregational  parisb 
in  Georgetown. 

II  Mr.  L.  was  an  Englishman.  He  tauglit  a  school  for  a  number  of  years.  Contributions  were  raised 
for  his  bemilt,  and  tliese  uuJer  his  instruction  p^iduUxca  sum,  but  the  children  of  the  poorwerB 
taught  gratuitously. 


■^-    # 


ii 


I  ::i 


340 


APPENDIX. 


2Uh.     At  Dr.  Rice's  and  Mr.  Wood's.     Married  Nathaniel  Rundlett  to  Lydia 

Laclat  (?). 
2Qlh— Easier  Day.    Eleven  Communicants. 
21lh.    Chose  Parish  officers. 
30//i.    At  Mr.  Chase's. 

PowNALBOiio',  January  5th,  1771. 
To  Mr.  William  Gardiner. 

*       *    We  have  had  a  fine  winter  here,  and  the  people  of  Gardinerston  are  at  work 

upon  the  frame  of  their  church. 

[The  Journals  are  missing  from  May  1st,  1769,  to  January  1st,  1772.] 


1772. 


January  IZth,    At  Martin  Haley's. 


January  25th,  1772. 


To  Mr.  William  Gardiner. 

*  *  #  I  am  invited  to  preach  at  Pond-town,*  and  other  settlements  up  the 
river. 

27th.  Rode  to  Woolwich.  Baptized  William  and  Margaret,  children  of  William 
and  Eliza  Gilmore. 

February  2d — Sunday.  33  persons  at  Church.  Baptized  Nathaniel  Bailey.  Myself 
and  brother,  Mrs.  Bailey,  Eliza  Pochard,  Capt.  Callahan,  Mr.  Pochard,  and  Mrs.  B. 
(Sponsors  ?) 

3d.     Judge  Cushingt  and  Rowland  Gushing  spend  the  evening  at  my  house. 

7th.    At  Mr.  Malbone's. 

10^/t.    Twenty  people  here  for  pews. 

IGth — Sunday.     15  persons  at  Church.    Snow  3  feet  6  inches  deep. 

2oth.     (Rev.)  Mr.  WhcelerJ  here. 

2dth.    Mr.  Parsons  arrives  here. 

March  3d.    Mr.  Parsons  returns  for  Portsmouth. 

5lh.  A  most  violent  snow  storm — continues  all  night.  Snow  falls  to  the  depth  of 
14  inches.    Set  off  for  Georgetown  ;  obliged  to  return. 

9th.    At  Mr.  White's. 

17th.    John  Stain  and  George  Ooud  came  to  cypher. 

April  oth — Sunday.    70  persons  at  Church.    Baptized  J.  Jacqueen. 

6lh.    At  Mr.  H.^rring's  funeral. 

2dth.    A  viol'nt,  cold  snow  storm.    8  people  at  the  choice  of  Church  officers. 

2lst.    At  Mr.  Ridley's  and  Mr,  Lovejoy's. 

'iGth — Si'.nday.    8')  pprsons  at  Church.    Baptized  Joanna  Carney  and  Samuel  Clensy. 

May  I'jt/i.     Baptized  8  children  for  Loins. 

2Gth.     Baptized  Spearing  and  two  children. 

29th.    Baptized  3  children  for  Emerson  ;  one  of  them  dies  suddenly  the  same  day. 

30th.     Hannah  Eniersnn  buried. 

Juno  '2(1.    At  my  brothel's.    Mr.  Gardiner. 

3d.    Mrs.  Bailey  went  with  me  to  Cobbosee. 

ith.    At  Gardinerstown.    Six.  Indians. 


♦rond-town  inci'idcs  the  present  t<>wtis  of  Winthrop,  Readflcld,  and  part  ot  Wayne.— i7is<orj/  of 
Kennebec  Purdiax,:    Mo.  Hist.  Colls.,  ii.  285, 

t  Wllliani  CiiHliiiin  was  the  llrst  .»«.t..-i'  of  I'voiiate  in  Lincoln  County.  He  iifterwards  received  an 
appoiiitiiunt  Hs  ChJv>f  Ju^'ioo  of  skc  SitprtiiK-  JmlUial  Court  of  Massaeliu.setts.  At  a  later  date, 
Wasiiiiigtvu  apihHittcd  luta  a  Jk^le«  Of  the  {ttipreme  Court  of  tho  United  States. 

i  Of  O«or8«town. 


APPENDIX. 


341 


I 

I 


to  Lydia 


Contribution,  £1  10  0. 


I,  1771. 
e  at  work 


1, 1772. 
8  up  the 

"William 

Myself 
Mrs.  B. 


fl 


depth  of 


:s. 


1  Clensy. 
ae  day. 


'Jistory  of 

lelved  an 
Iter  date, 


Qth.    Camo  home. 

1th — Sunday.    100  persons  at  Church. 

Vith.     At  Capt.  Twyecross'.* 

I7ih.    At  Capt.  Lovejoy's.    Bapti/sed  4  children  at  McCown's. 

23(1.    At  Mr.  J.  Reed's,  Mr.  Gold's,  etc.    Esq.  Preble,  Dr.  McKechnie. 

2oth.    At  Mr.  Kendall's. 

26th.    At  Mr.  Doc's. 

2dth.    Set  off  for  Falmouth. 

30th.     Arrive  at  Falmoath. 

July  1st.    After  paying  several  visits,  set  off  for  home,  and  lodged  at  Loring's. 

2d.    Returned  home. 

Gth.    Dr.  (S.)  Gardiner  and  son  here. 

12th — Sunday.    iV)  persons  at  Church.    .Soales  preaches  at  the  Court-house. 

l!)//i — Sunday,    do  persons  at  Church,    f"  rales  at  the  Court-house. 

22d.    At  Mr.  L.  Houdlette's.    Mr.  Gard.ncr  here. 

27th.     Required  by  Col.  Gushing  to  qui'  my  house  to  M. 

29//j.     M.  takes  possession  of  this  house. 

Auffust  3d.    Mr.  Springer  here. 

5th.  A  terrible  storm  of  thunder,  lightning  and  rain,  for  6  hours.  J.  Noble's 
house  struck. 

Gth.    Went  to  Gardinerston.    Raised  their  spire. 

8th.    At  home.    Company,  Capt.  FolTcr  and  Mr.  Baker. 

10th,    At  Mr.  Patterson's.    Baptized  Joanna  Howard. 

13th,    Mr.  Winter  preached  at  Mr.  Kidder's,  and  baptized  9  persons. 

lith.    Mr.  Winter  and  Mr.  Winthrop  here. 

IGth — Sundai/.  Opened  the  Church  at  Cobbosee.  80  persons  present.  Baptized 
Daniel  Tibbetts,  John  Door,  and  Joseph  Pike,  Adults  ;  and  Louisa  Fletcher,  Theo- 
dore, Edward  and  Abiather  Tibbetts,  and  Hannah  Warren. 

22d.    At  Capt.  Smith's. 

23d — Sunday.    90  persons  at  Church.    Contribution,  £17  0. 

2ilh.    At  Call's.    Baptized  children  for  him. 

2oth,    At  Capt.  Folger's,  to  visit  Mrs.  Pratt,  sick. 

29th.    At  Mr.  Leure's  (?)    Baptized  his  child. 

30th — Sundaij.    92  persons  at  Church.    Contribution,  £7  0  0. 

31*^    Set  out  with  Mrs.  Bailey  for  Boston.    Tarried  over  night  at  Dr.  Moor's. 

September  1st.    In  company  with  Mr.  Winter.    Lodged  at  Bachman's. 

2d.    Lodged  at  Littlefield's. 

8d,    Lodged  at  York. 

ith.    Lodged  at  JNewbury. 

5th.    Arrived  at  Marblehead. 

Sept.  Gth — Sunday.    Preached  at  Marblehead. 

7th.    At  Marblehead. 

8//i.    At  Salem.    Arrived  at  Boston,  an  angry  interview  with  Dr.  (S.)  Gardiner. 

9th.    Met  with  trouble  at  the  Convention. 

10th.    Dined  at  Dr.  Byles'  in  Charlestown. 

11th,    Returned  to  Marblehead. 

12th.    Dined  at  Mr.  Abraham's. 

13th — Sunday,     At  Marblehead. 

14^/j.    Dined  at  Col.  Gallison's. 

•Kobcrt  Twyecross  c.imeas  master  of  a  merchant  ship  from  England  to  Kennebec.  lie  married 
Lydia,  daughter  of  MaJ.  S.  Goodwin,  liy  whom  lie  hud  live  children.  He  left  the  country  in  time  of 
the  Kevolution,  and  became  a  Lieutenant  in  the  Koyal  Navy.  His  wife  and  children  went  to  him  iu 
London.    One  of  them,  Stephen  K.,  returned,  and  married  Mary  Bailey,  and  died  in  Dresden. 


V 


342 


Ai'PENDiX. 


m. 


:( 


t ' 


h; 


if 


lf3</i.    John  Weeks  here. 

10//i.    Went  to  Boston.    Mrs.  BaiKy  went  to  Greenland. 

nth.     Spent  the  day  chiefly  at  Churlestown. 

IHth.     lleturned  in  the  evening  to  Marblehcad. 

\W/i.     At  Salem.     Supped  at  Capt.  Webbe's. 

20//t — Sundai/.     Preached,  but  very  unwell. 

2lst.    Set  out  from  Marblehcad     Lodged  at  Newbury. 

2->d.    Third  Mrs.  15ailey  at  North-hill.     Lodged  at  Greenland. 

'2'M.     Lodfced  at  Cape  Natick. 

'Mt/t.    In  eompiiny  with  Mrs.  Perkins,  and  the  Doctor,  lodged  at  Mr.  Trask's. 

2ol/t.    Lodged  at  Mr.  Springers. 

2Gth.    Arrived  home  witli  Mrs.  Bailey  and  her  brother,  the  Doctor. 

Oct  Gth.     Abroad  training. 

mil — i^uiulai/.    Disappointed  of  preaching  at  Gardinerstown ;  preached  at  homo. 

12th,    Four  children  of  Mr.  Carney's  at  school. 

I'dth.     Mr.  Gardiner  lodges  here. 

PoAVNALnoitouaH,  October  1.5th,  1772. 
To  Rev.  iV.   W.    W/ieeler. 

Rev.  Sm  ; — I  was  very  sorry  not  to  find  you  at  Boston,  and  was  sadly  disappointed 
in  missing  an  opportunity  of  seeing  you.  I  sincerely  regret  your  absence  from  this 
country,  which  leaves  me  wholly  exposed  to  the  merciless  rage,  I  will  presume  to  say, 
of  the  vilest  miscreants  on  earth.  You  have  doubtless  heard  that  I  have  been  ex- 
pelled my  habitation ;  and  with  a  view  of  preserving  the  church  from  destruction  I 
took  a  lease  of  the  parsonage  house  for  six  months.  Dr.  Gardiner  was  extremely 
offended  at  my  proceedings.  lie  wanted  me  to  engage  in  a  law  suit  with  M.,  but,  in 
the  opinion  of  good  lawyers,  fully  acquainted  with  the  circumstances,  there  was 
hardly  a  bare  probability  of  success.  There  is  now  liberty  of  redemption  till  the  last 
of  next  July,  and  if  the  Doctor  would  compose  himself  to  reason,  the  atlair  might 
easily  be  accommodated.  But  this  gentleman  was  certainly  wrong  to  erect  the  church 
and  house  upon  disputed  lands,  contrary  to  repeated  remonstrances.  At  Convention 
I  had  a  most  melancholy  time.  The  Doctor  made  his  complaint  against  me  to  the 
clergy,  accused  me  of  sacrilege,  and,  if  I  understand  the  matter,  endeavoured  to  ob- 
tain their  interest  against  me  with  the  Society.  Two  or  three  gentlemen  were  very 
severe  against  me,  and  an  equal  number  were  in  my  favour.  At  length  the  matter 
dropped  without  any  representation  of  the  affair  to  the  Society.  I  reckon  myself  under 
peculiar  obligations  to  Mr.  Troutbeck  and  Mr.  Winslow.  I  am  sorry,  however,  I  took 
a  lease,  though  my  intentions  were  for  the  best.  I  believe  it  would  have  been  better 
if  I  had  wholly  quitted  the  house  and  refused  to  commence  a  lawsuit  about  the  mat- 
ter ;  and  if  all  should  now  be  accommodated  I  am  in  a  very  bad  situation,  having 
already  expended  near  a  year's  salary,  and  must  be  a  slave  to  my  successor. 

21st.    At  Goodwin's.    All  sick  with  the  measles. 

[Extract  from  a  communication  by  Mr.  Bailey  to  one  of  the  Boston  newspapers,  No- 
vember 2il,  1'12  : — ] 

"  The  western  part  of  this  town  is  separated  from  Wiscassett  by  a  tract  of  unculti- 
vated land  seven  or  eight  miles  over,  and  was  chiefly  settled  by  foreign  Protestants, 
mostly  French,  about  twenty  years  ago,  in  the  neighborhood  of  which,  at  that  time, 
resided  a  Romish  Missionary,  from  Canada,  who  labored  to  seduce  the  people  both 
from  their  religion  and  the  English  interest.  His  design  being  perceived,  and  to  pre- 
vent their  children  from  being  perverted,  they  luiitcd  in  a  petition,  setting  forth  those 
facts,  to  the  Society  for  Propagating  the  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts,  requesting  that 
a  Missionary  of  the  Church  of  England  might  be  appointed  to  reside  among  them. 


■1  • 
I 


I  -;:  I 
i  :  J. 


APPENDIX. 


343 


The  Socioty,  in  consideration  of  their  thrngcr,  and  in  compassion  to  their  extreme 
poverty,  granted  their  petition,  and  have  ever  since  supplied  Ihcm  both  with  a  Minis- 
ter, a  number  of  IJibles,  and  many  pious  tracts.  It  must  be  evident  that  no  ol)jection 
can  be  advanced  against  supporting  a  Mission  in  that  remote  and  necessitous  part  of 
the  country ;  and  the  ingenious  Ur.  Mayhew,  well  known  to  be  no  friend  to  the 
Church  or  the  Society,  acknowledges  that  their  conduct  in  this  instance  merits  the 
highest  applause. 

Nov.  Wi.    At  Nantucket.* 

8th — Sundai/.    77  persons  at  Church.    Contribution  £3  Ss. 

IWi.    At  Col.  Cushing's. 

I7//I.    At  Mr.  Twing's. 

Dec,  3rcl — Than/csr/iving  Day.  33  persons  at  th'-'rch.  Preached  at  night  at  Love- 
joy's,  34  persons  present. 

Glh — Sunday.  G  persons  present.  At  night  baptized  four  children  of  Cleave- 
land's.  (?) 

loth.    At  Capt.  Twyecross'. 

PowNALBOROUGH,  November  7th,  1772. 
To  Rci).  J.  Wingaie  IVeeka,  Marblehead. 

Deau  Sir: — I  have  received  your  letter  and  the  bundle  you  sent  from  Marblehead, 
but  hear  nothing  of  the  other  by  way  of  Newmarket.    You  have  doubtless  seen  the 
pieces  signed  "Probus"  and  "Detector."    Mr.  B.  and  his  companion  keep  them 
very  private,  and,  I  believe,  would  never  have  exposed  them  among  the  people  here 
had  not  Callahan  opened  the  matter.    These  gentlemen  declare,  without  any  reserve, 
that  "  Probus  "  is  Dr.  Caner,  and  they  scruple  not  to  call  him  a  liar.     It  is  imagined 
that  "  Detector  "  is  Col.  C,  with  the  assistance  of  Bowman.    But  whoever  is  the  au- 
thor, it  is  a  composition  of  tlie  most  open  and  notorious  falsehoods.     He  asserts  that 
'•  our  first  inhabitants  emigrated  from  Frankfort."    Now  before  a  single  per>on  knew 
of  these  publications  I  made  an  exact  encjuiry,  and  found  that  not  a  single  person 
came  either  from  Frankfort,  or  from  its  jurisdiction.    He  next  declares,  that  "  no 
French  were  among  them."    It  might  with  equal  truth  be  affirmed  that  all  the  inhab- 
itants of  Kennebeck  are  Indians.    Again,  he  makes  a  mighty  parade  about  a  settle- 
ment began  from  Dorchester  in  17C0.    In  reply  to  that,  I  am  certain  that  only  two 
families  of  Quakers  from  Scituatc  settled  in  this  place  that  year.    Besides  these, 
three  families,  two  of  European  Church  people,  and  the  other  a  Quaker,  began  in 
November  the  settlement  at  Cobbosee-Contee.    These  are  all  the  peuons  who  settled 
in  Kennebeck  in  1760.     What  is  asserted  concerning  two  parishes  on  Shcepscot  River 
is  equally  false,  for  there  is  but  one,  and  the  old  ordained  minister  so  largely  support- 
ed, is  blind  Prince,  whose  bearers  arc  extremely  poor,  and  himself  in  almost  a  starving 
condition.     Col.  Cushirif;  ;  is  declared,  since  his  arrival  from  the  westward,  that  had 
not  my  attachment  to  Dr.  Gardiner  been  so  great,  I  should  not  have  had  an  enemy  in 
Pownalborough,  and  he  hinted  that  it  was  yet  in  my  power  to  secure  the  friendsliip 
of  every  one.    This,  perhaps,  was  said  for  some  ensnaring  purpose.    His  opinion  and 
yours,  that  but  few  would  go  to  church  if  they  were  obliged  to  contribute  to  its  sup- 
port, is  contrary  to  my  notion  of  the  matter.     More,  I  am  persuaded,  would  be  willing 
to  pay  towards  the  church  tiian  the  meeting,  but  were  both  to  be  maintained  here  by 
the  people,  some  would  certainly  turn  Quakers  to  avoid  taxes.     An  exchange  with 
(Rev.)  Mr.  Badger  would  be  agreeable  to  me,  but  I  cannot  think  that  there  is  tlic 
most  distant  prospect  of  his  accepting  the  offer.    The  affair  was  mentioned  some 
time  ago,  and  I  was  mformed  that  it  was  disagreeable  to  my  hearers. 


*  Four  persons  from  the  Island  of  Nantucket,  Mass.,  purchn.sed  a  farm  in  the  nortlie.isterly  part  of 
Pownalborough,  and  gave  the  name  of  thoh-  foniiei'  residoncp  to  their  purcliase. 


»>. 


Ill 


344 


APPENDIX. 


December  ISth.  •  *  *  I  cannot  avoid  mentioning  the  extraordinary  generosity  of 
our  people.  We  have  not  bought  any  kind  of  moat  since  we  came  home,  and  yet 
have  been  plentifully  supplied.  Besides  meal,  butter,  and  a  ^reat  plenty  of  vege- 
tables, Mrs.  Bailey  says  wo  have  meat  enough  to  last  us  a  mouth.  Scarce  a  family 
have  failed  to  contribute  something. 

2r)th — Christmas  Day,    32  persons  at  Church. 
2,Gth.    No  ice  in  the  river  except  a  little  run. 

3Wi.    A  fine,  clear,  warm  day.     Flies  playing  about  in  the  fields  like  summer. 
Wind  S.  W. 
31s^    Scarcely  any  ice  in  the  river. 

[At  the  end  of  this  journal  are  the  following  names.  Some  of  them  are  known  to 
have  been  children  at  the  time,  all  were  young  persons.  They  may  have  been  mem- 
bers of  a  fichool  which  Mr.  Bailey  taught,  or  perhaps  Catechumens  in  his  parish; 
Molly  Houdlette,*  Becky  IMye,  Becky  Emerson.f  Sarah  Emerson,:}:  Hannah  Emerson, 
Peggy  McGown.ll  Jenny  McCJown,^  Molly  McGown.H  Molly  Clensy,  Betty  Ken- 
dall,** Mary  Carlo.ft  Jenny  Pochard,:JJ  Katy  Carlow,  Lydia  Goodwin,  Nancy  Good- 
win, Sally  Ridley, nil  Charlotte  Smith,  Molly  Carney,  Polly  Lovejoy,^^^^  Fanny  Lovojoy, 
Sally  Andros,  Iluthy  Carney,  Dolly  Houdlette,ff  Anna  C.  Iloudlette,*,^*  Martin 
Carlow,  George  Pochard,  William  Kendall,  Thomas  Burns,  James  Patterson,  Amoa 
Holland,  James  llidley,  John  llidley,  Francis  Ridley.] 


fi;; 

'.n      : 

J^  i 

; 

h  *  1 

'      i 

1773. 

[The  Journal  for  January  is  missing.] 

PowNALBORo',  Feb.  6th,  1773. 
To  Rev.  J.  Wingate  Weeks,  Marhkhcad.  , 

Dear  Sir  : —  *  *  ♦  *  I  should  be  glad  of  your  resolution  of  the  following 
case.  I  lately  published  a  young  fellow  to  Mr.  Ridley's  daughter  immediately  after 
service.  Another  young  woman  forbad  the  banns,  alledging  that  he  was  under  en- 
gagements to  her.  The  next  morning  they  paid  me  a  visit,  and  the  man  acknowl- 
edged that  he  had  solemnly  promised  himself  to  both,  and  begged  that  Esther 
Kendall,  the  girl  present,  would  release  him.  She  declared  herself  willing,  but  was 
under  scruples  of  conscience  on  account  of  her  promise,  which  was  in  the  following 
words :  "  I  wish  I  may  never  enter  into  the  kingdom  of  heaven  if  I  marry  any  other 
man,"  and  desired  me  to  give  my  opinion.  After  a  long  dispute  the  fellow  declared, 
before  witnesses,  in  favour  of  the  girl's  character,  and  gave  his  consent  that  his  pub- 
lishment to  her  rival  might  go  on,  but  the  next  day  Mrs.  Ridley  forbad  it  again,  and 
the  poor  fellow  was  left  absolutely  destitute,  for  Esther  absolutely  refuses  to  marry 
him,  but  imagines  herself  obliged  by  her  promise  to  live  single  all  her  days.  JVow  I 
should  be  obliged  if  you  would  give  me  your  sentiments. 

February  7th — Simday,    A  storm  of  snow,  8  inches.    No  service  in  church. 

20th.    At  S.  Marson's. 

25th.    Baptized  Benjamin  Lawrence. 

26th.    Mr.  Gardiner,  Dr.  McKecknie  and  Mr.  Goodwin. 


4/ 


*  Married  George  Mayer. 

II  Married  Col.  Cargill. 

**  Married  Paul  Beckford. 

III!  Married  Dr.  Tlieobald. 

*»*  Married  — —  Beckford. 

10th,  1853. 


t  Married  John  Stain. 


J  Matried  Elipl)alet  Dudley. 


-  Mason.  U  Married  George  Mason. 

-  White.         XX  Married  Jolin   McGown. 

-  Dinsmore.   1[1T  Married  Abraliam  Page. 
Mrs.  Beckford  \a  now  living,  and  was  93  years  uf  age  June 


5  Miirriod  ■ 
tt  Married  ■ 
^^5  Married  • 


APPENDIX. 


345 


March  2d.    Han  otit  tho  rhurch  land  with  Mr.  Goodwin  and  Dr.  McKccknie. 

.V.     liuptizcd  Mr.  Kendall. 

ijt/i.    At  Mr.  (Jiitciioir.s,  (nt  IJowdoinham.) 

V>f/i.     At  John  IJiirkur's. 

Utii.     liuptizcd  llanniih,  Joanna,  Nathaniel,  and  Elizabeth  Haley. 

liih — Sundai/.    Ill  people  at  church. 

,„    r,       ,   ..  .  ,..   .  TowNALnono',  March  l.'jth.  1773 

To  Rev.  J.  H  ins;nle  Wi'cks,  Murhh'head,  Ma!<s.  '      ' 

It  is  above  tluci'  m  iriths  Ninco  I  have  had  the  pleasure  of  hearing  from  you.  I 
"  :  ',,e  no  misfortune  has  befallen  you  or  your  lamily.  I  am  very  uneasy  in  my  present 
situation,  and  what  fjives  me  the  Rreafest  vexation,  is  the  scandal  which  was  thrown 
upon  mc  by  Dr.  (iardincr,  and  so  readily  believed  by  several  of  my  brethren,  who,  with- 
out a  proi)cr  knowledge  of  the  law,  or  any  aeciuaintanee  with  the  circumstances  of  adiiirs 
were  disposed  to  condemn  me.  in  the  iirst  place  it  is  evident  by  a  standing  law  of  tho 
Province,  (see  p.  .'{"O,)  that  no  Kpiscopal  minister  can  aliene  any  liiids  or  possessions 
of  the  Church,  without  the  concurrence  of  his  Wardens  and  Vestry;  and  next,  if 
there  is  any  foundation  for  a  law-suit,  it  must  be  carried  on  in  their  names,  which 
they  absolutely  refuse,  every  one  declares  that  he  had  rather  pay  his  proportion  to 
redeem  it;  and  besides,  upon  lately  ruuniuK  "Ut  the  land  by  a  sworn  surveyor,  we  were 
able  to  correct  several  mistakes.  'J'he  land,  of  which  M.  gave  me  a  lease,  falls  without 
our  grant  from  the  I'lymouth  Company,  and  therefore  could  by  no  means  aflcct  our 
title  to  the  parsonage,  then  the  house  is  found  to  stand  upon  land  of  which  he  gave 
mc  no  lease,  and,  to  our  great  satisfaction,  we  find  the  church  is  without  the  limits  of 
the  Major's  claim,  and  with  it  about  thirty-five  acres  of  land, 
liut  to  make  the  matter  plain,  I  have  annexed  the  following  scheme  : 


/ 


/     The  Cluircli  A: 

/  land  without  tho 

Slajor's  claim. 


Jvior's  hit  oil  wlilch 
tliu  house  stands. 


Xorden's  lot,  of 
whicli  M.  gave  me 
a  lease. 


By  this  you  will  perceive  that,  though  the  church  and  a  pretty  lot  of  land  are  secure, 
yet  the  house  is  on  Goodwin's  claim,  and  further,  that  by  paying  the  money,  we  shall 
have  nearly  fifty  acres  more  than  our  grant  specifies. 

M.  is  so  chagrined  at  this  discovery,  that  he  is  preparing  to  build  a  meeting-house, 
and  declares  that  he  will  have  the  parsonage  for  a  dissenting  minister.  Mr.  Ridley, 
the  bearer,  determines,  if  possible,  to  procure  the  money  for  paying  off  M.,  and  to  ob- 
tain a  deed  of  Goodwin,  for  which  he  will  offer  security.  I  am  certain,  as  I  hinted  to 
you  before,  that  whoever  should  advance  the  money  and  take  the  house  and  land  for 
security,  would  have  a  fine  bargain,  for  more  has  been  offered  for  Norden's  lot  alone, 
without  any  house,  than  M.  demands.    Ii  you  could,  either  by  your  advice  or  other- 

44 


■^%^ 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


l^|2^    12.5 

150  ^^   m^ 
■^  1^    12.2 


1^  ills  IIIIIM 


V] 


7. 


y 


/A 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREEV 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  «72-4503 


4^0 


o^ 


I   ! 


Ht 


I  (, 


\' 


I  f 


1  I  i 

Li. 4 


1 ,1 


^4^ 


346 


APPENDIX. 


wise,  assist  me  in  settling  this  unhappy  affair,  it  would  give  me  extreme  satisfaction  ; 
but  not  having  received  a  single  line  in  answer  to  a  number  of  letters,  I  am  greatly 
oppressed  with  melancholy  dejection. 

Far  distant  from  the  ploaslnj;  scenes  of  life, 

From  all  the  joys  whloli  sacred  friendships  give ; 

Amid  tlie  sons  of  malice  and  of  strife, 

AVIiero  discord  raycs  1  am  doomed  to  live. 

I  cannot  forbear  making  some  severe  reflections  upon  the  conduct  of  the  generous  Mr. 
Hancoclt ;  for  when  we  consider  that  upon  Kennelicck  there  are  seven  new  settlements 
beside  I'ownalboro',  extremely  poor  and  destitute  of  any  religious  worship,  which 
would  have  gladly  received  his  bounty  ;  when  we  reflect  that  he  has  no  interest  within 
several  miles  of  this  place,  and  that  his  offer  is  received  here  with  general  dislike,  his 
generosity  cannot  proceed  from  a  truly  pious  and  benevolent  principle,  but  from 
malice  to  the  Church  of  England,  and  a  violent  party  s]nvit  or  opposition  to  Dr. 
Gardiner.  I  am  certain  from  what  already  appears,  that  it  will  throw  us  into  the 
greatest  confusion,  and  promote  a  multitude  of  quarrels.  One  of  their  committee  men 
for  building  their  meeting-house,  who  was  esteemed  the  only  conscientious  dissenter 
;iinong  them,  now  declares  himself  a  churcliman  from  principle,  and  lately  told  mc 
that  if  they  proceeded,  I  should  be  welcome  to  his  rates. 

April  2otk.    Baptized  Sarah,  daughter  of  James  Goud. 

?Sth.  Mr.  William  Gardiner  put  me  in  possession  of  the  parsonage  house  and  land 
in  Pownalborough,  by  virtue  of  a  power  from  Major  (Joodwir,  in  the  presence  of  Capt. 
Merone,  John  Stain,  Peter  Pochard,  and  Christopher  Jacqueen. 

May  1st.     Married  Capt.  Ward  and  Alice  Graves. 

2d — Siindai/.  80  people  at  church.  Contribution,  17s.  Baptized  Sarah,  daughter 
of  Louis  and  Mary  lloudlette. 

Ol/i — Sumlay.    Uo  people  at  church.    Baptized  Dolly,  Frederick,  and  Betty  Jacqueen. 

IC^tk — Sunilai/.    90  people  at  church.     Contribution  £1  10s. 

28</».    Mr.  Brackett  arrived  from  abroad. 

30//i — Sunday.     110  people  at  church.    Contril)ution  fl  19s.  9rf. 

June  Sd.  .  At  court.     Bid  off  at  vendue  Mrs.  Brackett's*  lot. 

Gth — Sundai/.     100  people  at  church.     Contribution  £2  3». 

7tfi.    Mr.  Brackett  returned  home. 

10//*.  A  most  severe  and  violent  storm  of  wind  and  rain,  intermingled  with  show- 
ers of  hail,  continues  from  12  at  niglit  till  near  12  in  the  morning ;  does  great  damage, 
and  blows  down  an  immense  number  of  trees  and  some  buildings.    Very  cold;  wind 

s.  i:. 

12/A.    Baptized  Sarah  Pratt.    Go  up  to  Gaidinorstown.    Arrive  at  10  at  night. 
I'M/i — Sunddi/.    At  Gardinerstown.     lOi   people   at  church.     Contribution   £8  5s. 

Returned  after  service  and  baptized  Sarah  Warren  and  Molly,  and Parker. 

I7//1.     (Rev.)  Mr.  Badger  arrives. 

20/A— ^'i«u%.     (Rev.)  Mr.  Bad.'jer  preached,  P.  M.     Contribution,  £2  16s. 

22(/.     (Rev.)  Mr.  Badger  returns  home. 

27//j — Sundaij.     lO.j  persons  at  church.     Contribution  for  Mr.  Lewis,  £20  5s, 

3Wi.     On  board  Ca[)t.  Callahan.    Mr.  Hitchins  came  to  board  here. 

July  5/h.     Baptized  two  infants. 

7f/i.    At  Deacon  Chase's.    He  is  moving  up  the  river, 

I2t/i.    Married  George  Stilphen  and  Molly  llidley. 

Jtdy  Vith.    At  night  a  prodigious  Aurora. 

20/A.    Mr.  Gage,  from  London. 

*  Sister  of  Airs.  UoUcf. 


APP..^,N2}IX. 


347 


persons  at  church. 


2lst.  Went  to  Georgetown  with  Mrs.  Bailey.  Baptized  James,  son  to  James  and 
Susanna  Thorn. 

22(1.     Hoturned  from  Georgetown. 

2')lh — Sunday.     100  people  at  church.    Contrihution,  £2  10». 

2'ih.     Dr.  Moor  moves  from  Georp;ctown. 

2!)//(.     At  Dr.  Tapper's  and  Mr.  Kldredse's. 

Aui;i(st   1st — Siiwlui/.      Preached  at  Cobbossee-eontee.      IGO 
Baptized  22.     Contribution,  £'.). 

Ath.    At  home.     Supped  at  Maj.  Goodwin's  with  Dr.  (S.)  Gardiner. 

rnli.    Attended  Dr.  Gi.rdinrr,  and  dined  vith  him  on  Swan  Island. 

&h.     Baptized  Anna  Springer. 

12th.     IJaptized  Betty  and  Hannah  Aland. 

22d — Sunday.  In  the  morning  thunder  and  heavy  rain.  34  persons  at  church. 
Baptized  Peter  Pochard  ;  Godfathers,  George  Mayer  and  Christopher  Jacqueen  ;  God- 
mother,   Iloudlette. 

2\nh— Sunday.  132  persons  at  church.  Baptized  John  Goodwin ;  Godfather,  Ste- 
phen Marson.    Contribution,  £3  V)s. 

30t/i.    Set  off  for  Boston  in  company  with  Dr.  Tupper.    Lodged  at  Stone's. 

3lst.    Lodged  at  Marsh's. 

September  Uf.    Lodged  at  Morrell's,  in  Berwick. 

2d.    Lodged  at  Jo.  Brackett's,  in  Newmarket. 

3d.    Arrived  at  Mr.  Badger's,  in  Haverhill. 

Ml.    At  Haverhill. 

oth — Sunday.    Preached  at  Almsbury.    Contribution,  £3  4s. 
Set  out  from  Haverhill.    Lodged  at  Manchester. 


Gth. 

1th. 

8th. 

Oth. 

lOth. 

Ut/t. 


Beached  Marblehead  at  10,  Boston  8  in  the  evening. 
At  Convention,  14.    Mrs.  Bailey  arrived  by  water. 
At  Convention.    Dined  at  Mr.  Troutbeck's. 
Dined  with  Mrs.  Bailey  at  Dr.  Gardiner's. 
Mrs.  Bailey  went  to  Marblehead. 
I2th— Sunday.    Preached  in  Christ  Church,  morning ;  in  King's  Chapel  in  the  even- 
ing.   Supped  at  Dr.  Gardiner's. 
13//(.    Rode  to  Marblehead. 
Uth.    At  Mr.  Weeks's. 

loth.    Visited  Mrs.  Bourn  at  her  country  seat. 

IGth.    On  Cat  Island  at  the  raising  of  an  hospital  80  feet  long,  22  feet  wide,  3  sto- 
ries.   Present,  80  men.     112  sail  in  sight. 

nth.    At  Salem.    Visited  (Rev.)  Mr.  McGilchrist. 

I9,lh.    At  Mr.  Weeks's  and  Capt.  Webber's. 

Vdth— Sunday.    Mrs.  Bailey  and  I  stood  for  Mr.  Weeks's  child. 

20</t.    Set  out  for  home.    Stopped  at  (Rev.)  Mr.  Bass's. 

21s<.    At  Brackett's,  in  Ne\vmarket. 

22d.    Dined  at  Col.  Chadbourne's.    Lodged  at  Kimball's. 

23f/.    Lodged  at  Mitchell's,  North  Yarmouth. 

24<A.    Arrived  home  about  7  in  the  evening. 

2Glh— Sunday.     100  people  at  Church.    Contribution,  10s. 

October  Ui«.    Married  Caleb  Barker. 

3lst— Sunday.    100  persons  at  church.    Contribution,  £1  4s. 


»#•  M-7,     p    r.-  7       n     .  POWNALBOEOUOH,  NoT.  Ist,  1773, 

Messrs.  Mills  ly  Ilicks,  Boston. 

Gentlexien  ;—    *  ♦  •  *    I  have  hitherto  employed  much  of  my  leisure  in  writing, 
without  ever  venturing  to  ofier  any  of  my  productions  to  the  publick,  and  I  find 


i.J 


..I 


t 
i 


fii  '    ,, 


W: 


en; 


■■  'f' 


l>     i '  I 


n  ]  f 

1(1 1 

.1        _      ,1 

348 


APPENDIX. 


anionic  my  papers,  almost  finished,  a  spelling-book,  upon  a  different  plan  from  any 
hitlierto  published.  I  bcf^in  witli  lessons  of  one  syllable,  and  then  proceed  to  two, 
three,  &c.  Each  lesson  consists  of  short,  entcrtainin^j;  stories,  single,  or  dialo;^ucs 
suitable  to  the  capacity  of  children,  and  calculated  to  instruct  tiiem  in  some  important 
parts  of  their  duty.  After  a  short  sketch  of  natural  history,  and  a  variety  of  useful 
observations,  I  have  added  a  short  system  of  morals,  with  familiar  examples,  a  com- 
pend  of  geography,  and  a  number  of  curious  tables.  It  may  be  contained  in  ten  or 
twelve  fihects.  If  you  imagine  it  would  be  acceptable  to  the  publick  please  favor  me 
with  p,  line  l-y  Capt.  Callahan. 

rowx.VTjtdiio',  Nov.  1st.  1773. 
To  Mrs.  Sitsanna  Renkin,  Fore  Street,  vear  the  Drawhridi/e,  Jiuston. 

Madam  : — We  shall  be  extremely  obliged  if  you  would  get  Mrs.  to  make  si.x 

yards  of  fringe  for  our  pulpit .    We  have  got  very  handsome  tassels  and  therefore 

shall  not  want  any.  If  you  could  have  it  done  by  next  trip,  I  will  procure  sorue  per- 
son to  call  upon  you  for  it  with  the  money. 

Aovember  2d.    Married  Samuel  Marson  and  Jenny  Millar. 

lAth — Sunday.    80  persons  at  church.    Contribution,  IG»,    Baptized  Francis  StU- 
phen. 
I7th.    Mr.  Gardiner,  Mr.  Hazard,  and  Dr.  Hicks  here. 
2oth.    Married  George  Mayer  and  Molly  Iloudlettc. 

Pow.VALiiORo',  Nov.  26th,  1773. 
To  Messrs.  Mills  and  Hicks,  lioslon. 

I  have  been  favored  witu  your  letter,  and  have  received  one  of  Bickerstaffs  Alma- 
nacks. They  are  in  so  much  esteem  among  us  as  to  prevent  the  sale  of  any  others. 
I  am  sorry  to  find  the  eaitcrn  road  so  very  incorrect.  Several  good  publick  houses 
are  omitted  and  other  inserted  which  have  no  existence,  besides,  the  distances  are  very 
imperfect.  I  thought  myself  perfectly  qualified  to  give  a  correct  account  of  this 
road,  having  travelled  it  above  thirty  times ;  for  this  reason,  and  in  compliance  with 
your  request,  I  sent  you  an  exact  list  of  the  publick  houses,  and  their  distances,  from 
Boston  to  Quebeck,  and,  as  the  road  is  measured,  I  could  not  possibly  be  mistaken  in 
the  latter.  But  since  my  letter  may  have  possibly  miscarried,  I  have  enclosed  another, 
(if  it  arrives  time  enough,)  for  your  Register.  At  the  desire  of  Mr.  Mills  I  have  in- 
serted an  exact  account  of  all  the  religious  societies  in  this  country  according  to  their 
foundation. 

Gt'orge/oion,  Emmerson,  Winter;  Pownalboro'  ;  Newcastle,  (V.)  \a,c&nt;  Bristol, 
McLane;  Woolwich,  Winship;  I'opsham,  (P.)  vacant;  Bodingham,  vacant;  Gardi- 
nersion,  (E.)  vacant;  Hallowell,  none;  Winsloio,  none;  VassaJhorough,  none;  IFin- 
throp,  none;  Boothhay,  Murray  ;  Broadbay,  (L.)  Sheffbrd  ;  St.  Georges,  vacant;  Penob- 
scot, \a.ca.nt ;  Marhias,  yacaxit;  Goldtborough,  \a.ca.nt. 

I  would  remark  that,  in  the  western  district  of  Pownalborough,  where  I  live,  there 
never  was  any  other  society  except  the  Episcopal,  neither  meeting-house  nor  commu- 
nicants of  any  other  persuasion.  Therefore,  to  insert  a  vacancy  here  would  be  very 
wrong.  In  every  other  settlement  where  there  is  a  meeting-house  raised,  or  a  body 
of  communicants,  but  no  minister,  I  have  put  down  "  vacant,"  but  in  those  towns 
where  there  is  neither  I  thought  it  proper  to  write  "  none." 

30th.    Eight  men  building  a  hovel.* 

December  Uth.    Married  Mr.  Malbone. 


•  In  the  early  period  of  the  settlement  poverty  prcvontcd  the  erection  of  framed  and  boarded 
barns.  Instead  of  these  four  walls  of  lugs  were  raised,  which  were  roofed  often  times  only  with 
bark.   Sucb  buUdings  were  called  "  hovels." 


I' 


1 


APPENDIX. 


349 


PowxALiioao',  Doc.  18th,  1773. 
To  Mr.  Amos  lialhy,  {at .) 

Dkak  Buoriir.ii:—  *  #  *  »  We  have  a  man,  one  Carter,  in  jail  for  the 
murder  of  Josiah  Parker.  The  prisoner  has  no  chance  for  his  life.  It  is  very  remark- 
able that  wo  have  had  five  or  six  murders  committed  upon  Keimebeck  river  since  my 
residence  here,  and  that  neither  the  murderers  nor  the  persons  killed  ever  frequented 
any  Divine  Worship. 

2o</i — C/tristmas.  A  storm  of  wind  and  rain ;  snow  all  gone,  and  ice  breaks  up.  30 
persons  at  church.  Dr.  Moor  and  wife,  my  brother  and  wife,  G.  Mayor  and  wife,  and 
Gookin  here  at  dinner. 

At  the  end  of  the  Journal  for  this  year  the  followina;  names  are  inserted.  Sarah 
Emerson,  Betsey  Nyo,  Lazarus  Goud,  Mary  lloudlette,  William  Kendall,  George 
Clensy,  Mrs.  II.  Bailey,  Esther  Kendall,  Betty  Goodwin,  James  Goud,  Molly  Paris, 
Sally  Kidley,  Polly  Lovejoy,  Lydia  Goodwin,  Mrs.  Mary  lloudlette,  Charlotte  Smith. 

1774. 

January  I5l/i.    Andrew  buried. 

IGlh—SuwIas/.  50  persons  at  church.  Baptized  Stephen  Nymphas  Twyecross  and 
David  Person  Bailey. 

I7//1.    Married  Daniel  Dudley  and  Susy  Densmore. 

Fi'bruaryUt.  Set  out  for  a  journey  up  river.  Lodged  at  Mr.  Gardiner's.  Baptized 
William  Gardiner  Warren. 

2d.  At  Esq.  Howard's.  Lodged  at  John  GatchcU's.  At  Mr.  Iloby's,  Potty's,  and 
Fort  Halifax. 

.V.  Accompanied  by  Dr.  McKecknie  five  miles ;  arrived  at  Deacon  Chase's  a  little 
before  dark. 

4lh.    Went  up  to  Mr.  Ilcywood's.    Saw  several  Indians. 

5th.    Visited  the  Indians,  Capt.  Out's,  and  several  of  the  new  settlers. 

Ftbruani  Gth—SKudni/.  40  persons  present.  Baptized  Eliza  Pratt,  Benja.  Noble, 
Priscilla  Emery  and  Joanna  Malbonc. 

7</i.  Rode  to  Mr.  Betty's.  Baptized  Sarah  Spencer,  Amos  Pochard,  Abigail,  Mary, 
Isaac,  and  Charles  Pechin,  and  Mary  and  Martha  Collar. 

Wi.  At  Esq.  Howard's,  Mr.  Gardiner's.  Baptized  Enis,  aged  128  (? )  and  John, 
Thomas,  Polly,  Matthew,  and  Nelly  Gaslin. 

9th.     At  home. 

21s/.    Committee  meeting. 

23rf.    At  Capt.  Calla'aan's.    Met  Dr.  Ilicks,  from  Boston. 

23th.    Open  Andrew's  grave.    Find  his  body  gone.*    Present,  12  persons. 

March  3d.    Rode  to  Mr.  Gardiner's. 

March  ith.  At  Mr.  Hankerson's  and  Cowen's.  Baptized  Polly  and  James  Cowen. 
Lodged  at  Mr.  Gardiner's. 

5th.    Arrived  home. 

6th— Sunday.    Cloudy,  and  heavy  rain.    70  persons  at  church.    Contribution,  (is. 

April  2d.    Baptized  Thomas  Brian.    Crossed  on  the  ice. 

12//j.    Ice  breaks  up  in  the  Kennebcck, 

I3th.    At  night.    Bodfish  and  Mercy  Goodwin  come  to  be  married,  but  refused. 

14//j — Fast  Day.    30  persons  at  church. 

2lth — Sunday.    100  persons  at  church.    Contribution,  I6s. 

28</i.    This  day  Peter  Nephew  and  his  wife  Jenny  ran  away. 

AJay  7th.    (Rev.)  Mr.  Weeks  and  Mr.  Ward  arrive  here. 


*  A  negro  slave  of  Mqjor  S.  GooUwin.   Ills  body  wai  lued  for  the  purposea  of  anatomy. 


li 


111 


)      t 


r 

»     .'   ' ' 


350 


APPENDIX. 


[Hh.     On  board  Capt.  Callahan.    Throe  vessels  in  the  eddy,  loading  at  Dr.  Moor's. 

Uth.     (Rev.)  ISIr.  Weeks  sets  oil"  home. 

I'Mh.    Mrs.  Bailey  delivered  of  a  daughter,  about  8  in  the  morning. 

22(1  —  Sunday.  100  persons  at  church.  Contribution,  £1,  2,  6.  Baptized  Mary 
Bailey. 

SOIh.    The  child  dies  about  daylight. 

31»^     The  child  buried  ;  .'{!>  persons  at  the  funeral. 

June  int/i.  Mr.  Gardiner's  boy,  Jo,  suddenly  killed.  (Rev.)  Dr.  Sheftbrd*  and  an- 
other stranger. 

lC)tli.     Baptized  Margaret  Patterson,  diui^htor  of  P.  Call. 

ISt/i.     Rode  down  to  Georgetown.     Lodged  at  Mr.  Drummond's. 

19</i.  Baptized  Patrick  Drummond,  Mary  Pcchlin  (?j,  Hannah  Ilallowell  Rogers, 
and  Elija  Williams. 

2nth.     Rode  home. 

2-'>th — Sum/a;/.     120  persons  at  church.    Contribution,  £2,  17,  0. 

Jti!'/  'Ht/i — Sioidai/.  Showers.  Warm  and  muggy  weather.  30  persons  at  church. 
Baptized  James  Carney. 

Aust'sl  1st.    Baptized  Jane  Nephew. 

lOt/i.     At  Cobbosec-contee. 

2dlh.    Abroad ;  brought  home  12  sheep. 

iieptember 'th.  Set  off  with  Dr.  Tupper,  for  Boston.  Lodged  at  Stone's.  Insulted 
the  next  morning. 

8//t.     Lodged  at  Milliken's.    Ill  treated. 

9</».    Lodged  at  York. 

10//i.    Dined  at  Col.  Warner's.    Lodged  at  J.  Weeks'. 

Sfjitember  lUlt — Su7)day.    Lodged  at  Newbury.    The  country  all  in  commotion. 

12^^.     Arrived  at  Marblehead. 

13</».    Reached  Boston  about  sunset. 

Uth.    Convention  Sermon  preached  by  Mr.  Seargent. 

l')th.    Dined  at  (Rev.)  Mr.  Walter's. 

IGth.    Rode  to  Marblehead. 

I7th — Sunday.    Preached  at  Marblehead.     Baptized  3  children. 

mh.    At  Salem. 

Idth.    Bound  homeward.    Lodged  at  North-hill. 

20th.     Dined  at  J.  Weeks'.    Lodged  at  York. 

21«^    Lodged  at  Falmouth. 

22rf.    Lodged  at  Mrs.  Loring's. 

23f/.    Mobbed  at  Brunswick.    Got  home  at  night.    Mr.  Gardiner  at  my  house. 

26//i.    Abroad.    Fled  from  the  mob.     Lodged  at  George  Mayer's. 

27th.    At  George  Mtiyer's. 

2Sth.    Returned  home. 

29th,    Stephen  Marson  buried. 


To 


PowNALBORo',  October  — ,  1774. 


Dear  Sir  :  —  We  have  been  in  the  greatest  confusion  and  distress  imaginable,  oc- 
casioned by  continual  mobs  and  insurrections.  The  day  before  my  arrival  at  Fa'- 
mouth,  five  hundred  men  in  arms  had  been  to  visit  Mr.  Tyng,  who  was  mobbed  a  few 
days  before,  at  North  Y'armouth.    The  country  was  in  such  a  violent  commotion,  that 


I,    i; 


»  A  Lutheran  minister,  settled,  nt  that  time,  nt  Broadbay,  now  WaldoborouKh.  After  Mr.  Bailey 
left  rowniaU)orou«li,  Dr.  .Shefl'ord  Avas  sent  for  and  baptized  the  children  of  Oeorgo  and  AI.  J.  Al»yer, 
membora  of  the  congregation  of  St.  John's  Church. 


I  ' 


APPENDIX. 


351 


my  friends  advised  mc  not  to  lods;c  nt  a  publick  house.  The  nest  day,  beinR  Friday, 
Col.  Cushinpt  returninp;  hoiup,  w;is  surromidtd  by  twenty-five  nun  in  arins  in  the  mid- 
dle of  the  woods.     They  called  him  a Tory,  and  demanded  a  surrender  of  his 

commission.  He  assured  them  that  he  had  taken  none  under  the  iirescnt  govern- 
ment, and  after  distributing  money  among  them,  he  was  sull'ered  to  escape.  The  next 
day,  about  noon,  I  was  stopped  at  Stone's,  in  Brunswick,  and  accused  of  being  a 
Tory,  and  an  enemy  to  my  country.  They  urged  mc  to  sign,  and  upon  my  refusal, 
protested  they  would  visit  me  and  Col.  Gushing  the  following  week.  I  arrived  at 
Pownalboro'  aliout  dark,  where  I  found  the  people  in  great  consternation.  A  furious 
mob  at  Cicorgetown  were  running  about  in  search  of  tea,  and  compelling  people,  by 
force  of  arms,  to  sign  the  solemn  league.  Another  was  raging  up  the  river,  within 
twelve  miles.  They  had  already  destroyed  one  hundred  and  fifty  pounds  of  tea  for 
Esq.  Ilussey,  and  thrown  his  hay  into  the  river.  Mr.  (iardiner  had  tied  from  their 
fury,  and  tarried  with  us  all  night,  expecting  every  moment  to  be  attacked,  as  Love- 
joy  had  already  invited  them  among  us,  and  threatened  the  utmost  vengeance  upon 
me,  Ridley,  Maj  Goodwin,  etc.  Mr.  Gardiner  returned  after  service,  but  was  obliged 
to  fly  that  evening,  and  escape  to  ]?ost(in.  About  midnight,  one  hundred  and  fifty 
men,  armed  with  guns  and  various  weapons,  surrounded  his  house,  demanded  a  sight 
of  him,  and  insisted  upon  searching  for  tea.  Mr.  Ila/ard,  a  gentleman  from  llhodo 
Island,  entered  into  a  parley  with  their  leaders,  and  they  firmly  engaged  that  none, 
except  five  chosen  men,  should  enter  into  the  hcmse  ;  but  they  (|uickly  broke  their 
engagements,  rushed  in,  rifled  the  house,  broke  open  his  desk,  and  perused  his  pa))er3, 
and  after  being  treated  with  several  gallons  of  rum,  they  stole  Mr.  Hazard's  buckles, 
and  then  in(iuired  for  Mr.  Jones,  the  surveyor.  They  insisted  upon  his  signing  the 
covenant,  upon  which  he  stripped  open  his  bosom,  and  told  them  tliey  might  stab  him 
to  the  heart,  but  nothing  should  induce  him  to  sign  that  accursed  instrument.  They 
seized  him  with  violence  and  threw  him  headlong  into  the  river,  and  then  dragged  him 
about  till  he  was  almost  torn  to  pieces,  but  all  to  no  purpose.  Tliey  at  length  desisted, 
and,  having  drank  several  gallons  of  rum,  began  to  quarrel,  and  had  a  violent  battle 
among  themselves.  Several  remained  dead  drunk,  and  the  remainder  returned  to 
their  habitations.  The  other  mob  from  Georgetown,  Brunswick,  etc.,  threatened  to 
demolish  the  jail,  and  to  throw  the  town-house  into  the  river,  but  first  they  directed 
their  course  to  Witchcassett,  headed  by  .'^an>.  Thompson,  the  Brunswick  representa- 
tive. In  their  route,  they  offered  violence  to  several  persons.  Having  compelled  one 
Hobby,  a  store-keeper,  to  sign  the  league,  some  of  them,  offended  at  certain  ex- 
pressions he  let  fall,  returned  and  almost  demolished  him.  They  seized  Capt.  Carle- 
ton,  of  Woolwich,  and,  having  prepared  a  coflin,  commanded  him  to  dig  his  own 
grave;  but  after  all  their  threatenings,  he  escaped  without  signing  the  covenant. 
They  assu"'ted  Mr.  Wood  on  Monday  morning,  but  he,  having  nearly  one  hundred 
men,  with  several  pieces  of  cannon,  prepared  for  his  defence,  and  they  were  obliged 
to  keep  at  a  distance.  A  treaty  was  concluded  cowards  evening  between  the  parties, 
when  the  libertines  solemnly  engaged  to  make  no  further  attempts  till  the  next  day. 
With  this  assurance  Mr.  Wood  dismissed  his  men,  which  being  known  to  the  assail- 
ants, they  came  in  the  night  and  carried  olf  the  cannon,  and  in  the  morning  fired  them 
upon  Mr.  Wood,  without  any  damage,  iiowever.  Mr.  Wood  might  have  easily  dis- 
persed them  after  all,  but  hearing  that  five  hundred  men  were  upon  their  marcli,  and 
expected  that  a  groat  deal  of  blood  must  be  shed,  he  gave  them  a  paper  of  his  own 
drawinjf  up.  They  then  proceeded  to  visit  Judge  Rice  and  Mr.  Moor,  the  minister, 
who,  after  haranguing  them  to  little  purpose  for  some  time,  were  obliged  to  promise 
a  compliance  with  the  Congress.  On  Tuesday  evening  they  arrived  at  Frankfort, 
(the  Court  sitting.)  Twill  refer  you  to  Mrs.  Bailey's  letter  for  an  account  of  their 
proceedings  here,  and  only  remark,  that  their  rage  was  chiefly  directed  against  Bow- 
man, Maj.  Goodwin,  Ridley,  and  myself,  because,  as  they  alledged,  from  the  instiga- 


352 


APPENDIX. 


V  yr 


.^^' 


tion  of  Lovpjoy,  that  wo  opposed  the  solemn  league.  Their  behavior  was  !i  true  mix- 
ture of  comedy  and  traf^edy.  Besides  the  mischief  they  did,  near  three  hundred  men 
were  supported  for  a  weelt  together,  at  the  expense  of  their  niMRhbors.  We  are  daily 
threatened  v.'ith  another  invasion.  Nothing  can  equal  the  false  und  ridiculous  stories 
which  prevail  in  these  parts. 

PowNALiiouo',  November  1st,  1771. 
To  Dr.  S.  Gardiner. 

Sill :  —  I  must  entreat  you  to  send  eight  thousand  of  shingle  nails,  if  you  charge 
them  to  my  account,  and  a  thousand  of  ten-penny.  It  is  inipossiltlc  to  live  in  this 
house  unless  it  is  covered,  and  the  chamber  over  the  kitchen  finished.  1  have,  at 
present,  only  one  small  room  for  the  family,  and  the  chamber  over  it  for  lodgings,  in 
which  we  are  obliged  to  have  three  beds,  so  that  I  have  no  convenience  at  all  for  study. 
If  you  look  into  my  account,  you  will  find  tiiut  I  was  charged  with  all  thi!  shingle 
nails  you  sent  two  years  ago,  and,  in  short,  Capt.  Callahan  and  I  have  found  all  the 
nails  for  the  parsonage-house  at  our  own  expense.  I  am  sensible  that  we  cannot  rea- 
sonably expect  anything  further  from  you,  after  what  you  have  already  done,  but 
what  can  I  do  ?  Both  the  church  and  house  are  considerably  indebted  to  me,  and  I 
must  either  suffer  or  expend  more. 

November  lOM.    Went  to  Georgetown.    Lodged  at  Mr.  Butler's. 

Wth.  Baptized  Catherine  and  Thomas  Percy,  Hannah  Porterfie'd,  Sarah  and  James 
Todd,  Perkins,  (?)  Eleanor  and  Thomas  Ilogan,  Jane  Stevens,  Elizabeth  and  Rebecca 
ijnelling'  Malcom,  and  William  Mah.irs  (?). 

December  18<A — Sunday.     15  persons  at  church.     Whiting  preached  at  Frankfort. 

March  'IXnt.     Married  llobert  Ilogers  and  June  Grace.     Baptized Darling, 

Samuel  Meins  and  James  Ward. 

April  dth — Sunday.    50  persons  at  church.    Baptized  Peter  Pochard. 

loth.    Baptized  Sarah  McGown. 

IGth — Sunday.     "0  persons  at  church.     Contribution,  "s. 

2ith.    Assaulted  by  a  ni.mber  of  ruflians.    The  news  arrives  of  Col.  Percy's  defeat. 

25/A.    News  of  the  battle  of  Concord  sets  the  people  into  a  great  ferment. 

26<A.     (Rev.)  Mr.  Weeks  and  family  arrive. 

27th.  A  great  uproar,  to  prevent  Mr.  Weeks  from  landing  his  goods.  The  Com- 
mittee grant  leave. 

29/A.    The  people  still  in  commotion.    No  work  done  this  week. 

30th — Sunday.    80  persons  at  chiu-ch.    Contribution,  12s. 

May  3d.    The  Committee  meet  at  Frankfort. 

6th.    At  Dr.  Moor's,  at  Richmond. 

June  20th.    Mr.  Weeks  and  Mrs.  Dixey. 

[Journal  missing  for  July  and  August  of  this  year.] 

September  1st.    Mr.  Weeks  sets  off  for  Britain. 

IGth.    Married  Capt.  Ilubbs  and  Porcas  Wilson. 

October  2d.    Baptized  Margaret  Costello. 

Gtk.    Mr.  Weeks  goes  on  his  journey. 

13//J.    Set  oir  for  Falmouth. 

lith.    Arrived  at  Falmouth. 

15</» — Sunday.    Baptized  Charles  Hemmingway  and Thurlo. 

lG(/j.  A  fleet  of  6  sail  come  into  the  harbor.  Capt.  Mowat  declares  the  destruction 
of  Falmouth. 

18/A.    Falmouth  laid  in  ashes. 

20tli — Sunday.    45  persons  at  church.    Baptized  A.  Ridley. 

November  oth— Sunday.    44  persons  at  church.      Mr.  Weeks  arrives  in  the  evening. 

22<l.    Mr.  Bernard  here. 


ArrENDix. 


353 


'2^«l.    Married  Tliomas  Dou^Tnoro  ami  Simnnnuli  Wliitmorp,  at  Hoilinghain. 

'-I//1.     IJaplizcd  S:inili  ll.iimds  Ciossinaii. 

Jhcnnbtr  I'JIIi.     Murricd  Willi  an  Ju-n  (?)  and  ILmiiah  Ivinu'slin  (?). 


/    / 


(i 


Jiiiinarij  Will.     >rr.  Wrrlcs' family  roinovo. 
;!<i//i.     Mr.  Wcrks  sets  out  for  the  Wot. 

Frhnmry  Gil,.     Mavru.l  Mosi's  Uudloy  and  Apphia  Slcgpcr  (:;.      Uapti/cd  Dau.l 
IIuntDon. 

Apn'l  IS//).     M;inii(l  I'dnmnd  T)"liarty  and  Mary  Haley. 

2;;</.     Married  Jtdm  W'vUh  i:iiil  i'.liza  IJakcr. 

'2Uh.     Biptizcd  Klizal.ftli,  Hannah  and  Vlivia  BaVcr,  adults;    Lorana  McGrrgor 
and  .lane  (Jrare  Ward. 

'27//i.     Mr.  Works  t^'oes  Westward. 

Mill/  I'fli — ('iniiiii)iful  Fust.     .'!•')  i)ersons  at  ohurch. 

'2\tli.      Ilxanuiicd  before  the  Coniniittce. 

'2i<ili—.<,/n,l„i;.    :,■>  persons  at  ehureli.     JJaptized  Simeon  Lawrence. 

L'S//i.     J, aid  under  lionds  at  |{ri(l,i;e's, 

June  Hit.     liaptizeil  . Jonathan  TousierC?). 

(>//(.     Mr.  Weeks  eiobarks. 

.//////  7lh.     Haptizrd  Sarah  and  J.  Dickson  Parks,  at  Iliehmond. 

2S//(— N((m//y.     .-.  )  p.TsoMs  at  eluirch.      JJapli/ed  John  Goud,  John  Cnrlo,  Lazaru.s 
Goud,  and  Marfraret  Carlo. 

Awiunt '>lh.     Jiapti/cd  Rebecca  Treble. 

(i//i.    llodc  with  Mrs.  Bailey  to  Mr.  Butlcr'.s,  Georgetown. 

"ilh.     At  Mr.  T.  Perey's. 

W//.     Baptized  Gilmore  Percy,  for  Thomas  Ro-ors  (?) ;  Hannah,  for  Anna  P^ogtrs  ; 
Samuel,  for  Robert  Tliomas  ;  at  Mr.  Drunimond's  and  Williams'. 

Wli.     Itodc  home. 

Wth—Sunil.i,/.     Forbidden  to  pray  for  the  King.     Only  dcllTcred  a  sermon. 

I'lih.     Set  oif  for  the  A\'cst.     Lodu'cd  at  Prosfs. 

Dined  at  'Japt.  Pote's.     Lodged  at  Dr.  Coffin's. 

Dined  at  Capt.  I'ote's.      Rajitizcd   Jeremiah  Poto  Wicr.      Lodged  at  Mr. 


VMh. 

VMh. 

Lyde's 

'Dth. 


Tarried  at  Mr.  Lyde's.     Dr.  Coffin,  T.  Oxnard. 
2\xt.     Capt.  Mehitabel  (?)  Oxnard.     Lodged  at  Colo's,  at  "Wells. 
2'2(/.     Dined  at  Col.  Warner's.     Lodged  at  J,  AVeeks'. 
2;W.     Dined  i.t  unele  Jcdin's.     Lodged  at  Mr.  Jiass's. 
Ttlh.     Dined  at  iiowley.     Arrived  at  Marblchead. 
2.')//(.     Preached.     Attended  a  funeral. 
28//i.    At  Salem,  at  Mr.  McGilehrist's. 
t^iphmbcr  lut — Siiiiilnij.     Preached. 
2d.    Set  oil' on  my  journey.     Lodged  at  Rowley. 
',ii/.    'J'arried  at  Rowley  and  A'ewbury. 
'Ilh.     Lodged  at  Greenland. 
dth.     Lodged  at  Cole's. 
Gth.    Arrived  at  Mr.  Lyde's. 
nil.    At  Mr.  Lyde's. 

Sth.    Baptized  0  children.    First  heard  the  news  of  the  defeat  of  the  American  army, 
'Jtli.     Visited  several  places.     Arrived  at  MitcIicU'.s. 
lOtlt.    Arrived  home.     Visited  Georgetown.    Buptiiied  11  children. 


fit 


I 


I,.! 


•*' 


354 


APPENDIX. 


Ortohir  ;»/.    IMavrird  Mr.  Thnmas  Tohnsnn  to  Abigail  Oondwin.* 
2H/.'(,  'IMli.     Hi'forc  lli<!  ("oiiimiitcr  f.ii-  not  nvuliiii?  tlic  Di'daratiou  of  IndrpenJcncc, 
for  ]>r.iyiiii;  f(ir  the  kiiii;,  and  lor  preacluiii;  a  seditious  ■sermon. 

hiri/iihir  \sl — Siiiiiliii.     •')')  [ii'imjiis  at  cliiirch,     i'ubli.-slicd  •'!  coujilcs. 

'2il.     Iiodi^iil  at  Weston's. 

;i'/.     Lod^'ed  at  .1.  PreMo's. 

■Mil.     At  Mr.  Carlutoii's.     Jlapti/cd  John  Tliorn. 

>')fli.     At  home. 

Cilh.     15:i])tiz(d,  at  Mr.  Haley's,  Hannah  D  diarty. 

in//i.     Mr.  .lolinsoii  buried. 

\'')tli — Siniiliiy.     ]■')  ]i(rsoiis  atrliureti.     15ai)tized  James  Hoiidlette. 

]~//i.     -Mr.  (i.irdiner  arrives  I'roiu  IJoston. 


I  I'hc  Journal  fur  1777  is  missing.] 


1  778. 


Jiinuari/  \st.  At  Gcnrgp  Mayer's.  News  cnnies  that  'NVaslungton  kills  and  takes 
ir.OO  regulars. 

-i/.     At  Mrs.  Jae(iuoen'.s  and  Mrs.  Kendall's. 

ifli  —  Si/nd'ii/.     I5,i])tized  Peter,  son  of  (ieorj;e  Poehard. 

.S//j.     jlode  to  Mr.  Kiehard  Turner's.     Found  his  sou  'I'honias  sick  of  a  fpvcr. 

\)lli.  IJapti/ed  Mark  Silvester  and  Mary,  children  of  James  and  Jlacdiel  Turner. 
Ileturiied  home  same  day. 

II//1 — .'s'k/kAo/.     2>  persons  at  ehnreli. 

ll//t.     At  home.     !Mrs.  Kendall,  Mrs.  Call  and  Mr.  Jarquecn  here. 

Fchninnj  'Id.  Travelled  with  Dr.  Mayer  to  Broadbay.  Lodged  at  (Rev.)  Dr.  (Mar- 
tin) Shell'ord's. 

:\(!.     At  Mr.  Pawner's  at  Bristol. 

4^'/.  At  Capt.  Vinal's,  Mr.  Cremor's,  Sprap;ne's,  Young's,  and  Rhode's.  B.ipfized 
Eonjamin  and  Esther  Palmer,  David,  Alice  and  Dcliorah  Vinal,  and Young. 

•'>tli.     A  snow  storm  six  inches.     Attempted  to  return  homo  but  forced  to  turn  back. 

;")//).     Returned  home. 

in//i.     At  C'arlo's  and  Johnson's.     ]ia])tizc(l  Hannah  Turner. 

I7/I1.     Rode  up  witii  my  brother  and  liis  wife  to  Mr.  C'oweu'.s. 

lS//i.     M'ent  to  \Vinthrop.     At  Mr.  'Whittier's  and  Stain's. 

V.Uli.     At  Mr.  Waugh's.     Baptized  George  Waugh.     Returned  to  Mr.  Cowcn's. 

2()//i.     Jieturned  home. 

27//1.     (Hev.)  Dr.  (M.)  ShelFord,  Mr.  Ridley  and  Mr.  I'perhind  here. 

2Slh.     Dr.  Moor,  Dr.  Mayer,  a  Prussian  Doctor  and  Mr.  Carlo  here. 

March  Villi.     Bajjtized  Edward  Lawrence. 

L'S^/i.     Bai)tized  William  Carney. 

Aiiril  71I1.     Mr.  Nath'l  (iardincr  arrives  and  Mr.  Thomas. 

lii//i — Kastir  Dinj.     TjO persons  at  church,  lo  communicants. 

2'V/i.     C'hosc  the  same  (Church)  olHcers. 

2()rt — Sundiii/.    .jfi  persons  at  church. 

[Journals  from  June  1st  to  July  18th  missing.] 

Jul;/  V.Uh.  [Mr.  Bailey  had  started  for  Boston.]  •  *  *  I  had  now  an  opportu- 
nity of  hearing  from  my  family,  and  perceived  that  they  had  obtained  a  little  present 
relief.  The  wind  blowing  in  dirty  si|ualls  from  the  S.  W.,  Capt.  Hatch  sailed  back 
again  to  Parker's  flats, f  where  we  took  a  breakfast  together,  after  which  I  went  with 


>  U«ughter  of  Ma],  S.  Uoodwiit. 


t  Just  inside  the  niuuth  of  Kennebec  river. 


Al'rENJ)IX, 


tho  twd  f/ardinor's,  Mrs,  Hatcli  niiil  Mix.  (iinUncr  as  far  as  Mr.  I'.iitlrr's.  Tliis  ^-cn- 
tlcinaii  and  liis  family  Ircali  il  tiic  wiili  ^riMt  allcntinii  and  iidviM  d  nir  \>y  nu  niiain  to 
Icavi'  till'  iiiuntry  as  it  w<jiild  Kniiify  my  iicixi  uiois,  wlio.^c  luiiifipal  df.tijjn  was  to 
c\[)v\  tho  scTviei' (if  the  Cluircli  from  the  ifnioiis  of  Kcnm  !ifck.  After  diniiij;  I  at- 
toudi'd  Capt.  Drmiimond  to  hi^^  liouse,  and  Lapli/od  three  ihildrin,  onr  for  Thmiias 
llonirs,  one  f(ir  Itdlmt,  ,ind  .iiioliicr  fur  Mr.  liiitiir's  n'rvant.  We  hud  here  a  ^ood 
ciitdtainnicnt.  My  fiiiiuls  ^cut  on  Imard  several  artieles  of  provisio?i,  vi/,,  a  \aij.c 
•  inarter  of  veal,  two  ehce.-is,  a  smoked  .Milmnn,  a  pound  of  eod'ei',  \c.  In  the  even- 
ing' 1  returneilon  board.  Cipt.  Vin.d  arrived  from  Hoston,  and  I'roiiu'ht  inteili^'enuc 
that  a  French  tleet  had  arrived  to  as>i,t  the  Ann  rlcan-^. 

■J  7A.  Tlii^  morning  \tc  heat  out  to  soa  Somi'  of  onr  comiiaay  sick,  esprciallv 
Pid.y  Morion.  About  sunset  we  wcie  nut  more  than  four  leagues  fiom  the  m;iUlh  of 
tlic  Konnebcck.  Spoke  with  several  ve.^aels,  and  lir.ud  all  d.iy  a  luayy  liiin^;  at  Fil- 
in()\illi.     Towards  niorninji, 

21a7,  a  bree/o  fiom  the  north  east,  and  a  fine  clear  day.  We  arrived  olf  Cape  Ann 
about  dark.  We  had  an  opportunity  of  takin;.,'  several  ni  iclvcrcl,  the  lirst  I  had  ever 
•ecu  drawn  from  the  water. 

L'lW.  Came  to  anchor  just  by  Niv's  Mate,  in  Ilroad  Sound,  in  the  forenoon.  S.iw 
the  Warren  under  sail,  soin;,'  out.  About  three  o'clock,  the  winil  and  tide  favourini,', 
we  sailed  up  to  the  Loni,'  Wliarf.  near  a  '^'iiard-shii),  the  sit'ht  of  those 

disasters  which  war  and  r(  bi  llion  had  remlercd aide  ^avc  me  a  prodigious  shock. 

They  appeared  cond with  raf,'e,  and  exhibited  countenances  full  of  d.  jeclion  and 

melancholy.     What  an  allectinn  consideration   that  such  a  mullitmh'  of  active  and 

sjiri^htly  men  should  labour  under  oppression  and  confinement,  should  he ed  with 

vermin  and  disease  to  i^ratify  the  boundless  avarice  and  amliition  of  an  impious  fac- 
tion !  Uein;,'  wholly  isjnorant  of  the  situati  in  of  the  town,  and  fearimr  that  the  small- 
jiox  might  still  prevail,  I  sent  Dr.  Mayer  with  a  message  to  (llev.)  Mr.  I'arker.  lie 
liresently  returned  with  an  invitation  from  that  worthy  gentleman,  and  a  ri  port  that 
little  danger  was  to  be  apprehended  from  the  smallixix.  About  sunset  I  ecpiipped 
myself  and  left  the  slooji  under  uncommon  dejection  of  s])irit.  I  was,  however,  re- 
ceived by  Mr.  I'arker  and  Ins  lady  witli  the  highest  tokens  of  tenderness  and  friend- 
ship. They  gave  a  very  discouraging  detail  of  puliliek  all'airs  ;  inl'ormcd  me  that  a 
large  Frenidi  licet  had  certainly  arrived  ;  that  no  armament  had  come  this  season 
from  Hritain;  and  that  it  was  apjirchendcd  that  the  Americans  and  French,  with 
their  united  elforts,  would  be  able  to  expel  the  forces  of  the  Crown  from  the  Con- 
tinent. This  intelligence  e.\cited  a  train  of  the  most  disagreealde  sensations,  and 
took  away  the  pleasure  I  was  about  to  receive  from  the  society  and  conversation  of 
my  friends. 

2.V.  [A  part  of  this  day's  Journal  will  bo  found  in  the  Memoir,  p.  IIS.  It  con- 
tinues:] Dined  at  ^Slrs.  Domett's,  where  I  had  the  jileasure  of  seeing  Mrs.  Collin, 
and  of  hearing  from  my  Falmouth  friends.  We  spent  the  season  as  agreeably  as  the 
situation  of  publick  all'airs  and  our  own  circumstances  would  permit.  After  dinner  re- 
ceived an  invitation  to  tea  from  Mrs.  Sheaf,  where  wc  found  eleven  ladies  and  si.\  or 
seven  gentlemen,  some  of  them  Whigs,  but  of  a  generous  way  of  thinking;  in  particu- 
lar Col.  Trumbull,  son  to  the  Governor,  censured  very  freely  some  of  the  most  popu- 
lar measures,  and  reflected  both  upon  the  Congress  and  newspapers.  From  these 
gentlemen  I  first  learned  that  the  Provincials  had  gained  no  yictory  over  (ieneral 
Clinton,  but  were  rather  worsted  in  that  famous  conflict.  After  tea  Mrs.  Peggy  Sheaf, 
an  agreeable  young  lady,  gave  us  several  tunes  upon  the  guitar,  accompanied  with 
.  During  this  interval  I  had  an  opportunity  of  accpiainting  Mrs.  Sheaf,  one  of 
the  ladies,  with  my  situation,  and  when  we  came  to  supper  1  perceived  that  nnjst  of 
the  company  knew  something  of  my  alfaiis,  by  certain  questions  about  my  persccu- 


I1 1 


.( 


'i 


Al'l'KN  1)1  \ 


I   ^ 


tors,  andaoiupnsiiuiiati'altciUidii  ti)  my  (•'•iu'itih.  The  Wlii-^'*  having  witliUrawr., 
the  rctt  uf  the  ciiia|iaii,v  xitt  till  iiuur  twchc,  ami  were  very  Hiicialilc  and  ini'rry. 

•_'l//i.  'I'Diik  a  Itiiakf.ist  about  I'lulit  with  I'lilly  .M'llliiii  ami  Ciijit.  11  ilcli,  wlu'ii  I  wa.i 
tiitortaiiud  with  f.(Vcitl  si'irit  ami  iiirious  aiii'i  (liit(  s.  Vi.Mlr'l  Mis.  Dixy  in  tho 
inoruin^,  and  callud  on  my  w  u;iin  Mrs.  Ddiiiitt.  Oju  l.rwi-,,  mailer  ul'  the  I'orts- 
inoutli,  arrlTi's  from  Ni'iv  Ymk,  ami  nivcis  iiit(lli;;cii(('  Ihal  l.urd  llowc  had  arrived 
witli  sdiiii:  twelve  NJiips  ol  the  line  and  twenty  trij,Mtes.  'I'lii'  nporl  in  town  lal'ore  was, 
that  hn  had  only  three  )>hi|isot' the  line  anil  I'nur  or  (Im-  Irin.ite*.  It  was  reporti-dat  nooii 
thiit  a  niunlar  of  troops  had  arrived  at  Newport.  Diniil  at  .Mr.  Parker's,  in  coinjiany 
with  Mr.  Warner.  Urank  tea  at  .Mr.  lla>kin's,  ami  supped  at  the  same  pl.iee.  Tiiis 
(gentleman  oliserved  lliut  the  eondnct  ol'  tlieCinj^Mess  in  a|iplyiii){  to  Franve  for  aNsist- 
unee,  was  similar  to  the  application  of  ."saul  f<i  tiie  Wiich  of  Kndor. 

'2')th,  Alter  eallinK  upon  several  fricndti  in  the  morning  dined  at  Mr.  Warner's, 
where,  hesides  Mr.  Parker  and  lady,  we  h.id  in  eompany  one  Cajil.  I)aTis,  a  mereiiant. 
The  news  said  to  come  exjin  ss  from  (ien'l  Snilivan  is,  that  a  larj,'e  nnmlier  of  troops 
had  arrived  at  -Newport,  and  on  the  other  haml,  that  the  I'rench  lleet  had  taki'n  live 
Uritish  men  of  war,  wliieh  afterwards  proved  to  he  a  false  rnmor.  Tlic  Wiii^s  soon 
a(  knowledi^ed  that  only  one  frigate  was  taken,  and  tiiis  our  and  at 

len^,'th  to  ho  in  the  h.irhour  of  New  York  and  spent  the  irenin);  at 

Mr.  Parker's,  in  very  a^reeahle  conversation. 

'J(i//«.  This  day  lieing  Sunday,  performed  J)ivine  Service  in  the  mornintf  and  preach- 
ed in  the  afternoon.  The  weatlier  htin;;  exeeedin;,'ly  hot  1  was  ;,'reatly  falij,'ued. 
Spent  tie  evening  at  Mr.  homett's,  in  company  with  .Mr.  Ahrahanis.  'liie  silualiou 
of  piditieal  alt'airs  was  still  so  gloomy  that  we  liad  full  employment  to  keep  each 
others'  spirits  from  sinkiuij,  and  to  take  (Micouraj^emcnt  that  some  h.ippier  prospects 
niinht  soon  arise.  The  \\'lii;{s  were  now  ko  evtreniely  hii<h,  and  ko  very  san.i;uine  in 
their  expectations  of  victory  and  success,  that  my  friends  assured  me  there  were  little 
or  no  hopes  of  having  ■uiy  petition  ret;arded  by  the  Council  in  case  I  should  make  ap- 
plication. 

'2'itli.  This  day  dined  at  Mrs.  Dixy's,  in  comi)any  witli  a  younj^  i;entleman  fri)m 
Virginia,  who  was  euiiiloyed  in  one  of  the  Continental  stores  as  a  writer.  Alter  giv- 
ing us  several  pieces  of  intelligence,  he  declared  that  he  hoped  and  wishrd  that  tho 
r'rench  fleet  would  have  a  d — 1  of  a  driilihing  by  the  llritons.  Towards  evening  call.?d 
upon  Mr.  lla.skius,  according  to  agreement.  lie  gave  me  liftcen  dollars,  and  then 
accompanied  mo  to  Mr.  Inman's,  (  ? )  where  we  were  cordially  received  hy  that  hos- 
pital)lc  and  generous  couple.  "We  were  joined  at  supper  by  Mrs.  Collin  and  her 
daughter  Polly,  lioth  the  mother  and  daughter  appeared  very  modest,  sensible  and 
engaging.  I  was  introiluccd  to  these  ladies  by  Mrs.  Inman  and  .Mr.  Ilaskins  a  .  a 
distressed  brother,  audi  quickly  perceived  that  Mrs.  Colhii  had  her  husband  (Mr. 
M'illiam  Collin)  and  two  or  three  sons  in  the  British  service,  at  New  York.  Wc 
heard  this  evening  a  rumor  that  a  British  fleet  had  arrived  or  were  near  the  coast  of 
America.  This  was  some  refreshment  to  our  dejected  spirits.  About  eleven  tho 
company  brake  up,  and  Mr.  Ilaskins  and  I  waited  upon  the  two  ladies  home. 

28//(.  [A  part  of  this  day's  .lournal  will  bo  found  in  the  Mcmidr,  p.  ll'.l.]  Spent 
the  afternoon  and  evening  abroad;  e.'cpress  coming  in  daily  with  news,  reports  that 
si.\  of  the  Cork  licet  are  taken  by  the  French,  and  the  Wliigs  are  now  elevated  above 
measure,  as  an  e.\i)cdition  is  going  on  with  the  utmost  rajjidity  against  Newport. 
It  is  confidently  promised  that  llhode  Island,  New  Y'ork,  and  Nova  Scotia,  will  ho 
subdued  to  the  American  States  before  the  conclusion  of  the  pv.^''.cnt  campaign. 

2'Mh.     [The  entry  under  this  date  will  be  found  in  tho  Memoir,  p.  111).] 

S'Uh.    This  morning  after  breakfast  went  the  interest  of  several  gen- 

tlemen belonging  to  the  Council.  I  waited  upon  was  Mr.  Wendell,  who  was 

a  contemporary  at  College.    This  gentleman,  though  he  and  hnportancc  of 


ArrLN  i»i  \ . 


i)')l 


liiiofliiT  nilli  ovory  (lispUiy  of  mililncss  :inil  ticnpv  'n\ic.     llo  readily 

to  comii.iSMoiiiitc'  lay  sitii.itinii  inc  all  llu'  us'   .i.i.ico  in  las  pinvi  r.   IIo 

iiski  il  nil'  « 111  tlicr  1  U:ul  im  ullici  tliilirult  lis  tn  imiti'iiil  w  illi  Ijci  uU  s  p.ivcrfy  ?  I  it'iilicd 
by  ri  i|ii(>tiin,'  '''"'  I"  >'U««i'st  tl'f  iiiliiii'  (if  tliip^ii'  ilillit'ultiirt  hi-  fniu'ciM'il  mo  to 
lul)(iiii  luulrr.  lie  iiiiHWi'iiil  luf  Ih.it  lir'  iln;l^iIll•ll  I  must  hv  tloiilili-il  with  sumo  ill 
niituit  il,  iu'tioi.iiit,  i'ommitti'''-iinii,  or  rli^iil  m,i;;istriit(s,  whu  tool;  mhitiiaitf  of  the 
tiiiics  to  (li>li("<>  iiir.  I  as.iiiicil  him  th.U  his  ronjistiircs  wiii-  pi'ili'itly  right,  for  iu 
all  |ioli(i(Ml  ('ommotiiiii.s  the  .spirit  of  iiH!«iiuUiiii(i  t'onipulsion  was  ulwiiys  licrcc,  savagi', 
ami  crui  1,  in  inopoitiou  to  its  liistiimi'  fntm  the  ct'Utri',  luul  hinl  coiisiiiilly  oliM'rvcil 
that  ill  the  iMsttrn  coiiiitry,  whcri'  any  iliircriricc  or  hostility  -"Ulisistril  bitwicu  two 
pi'isoiis,  if  one  of  them  \N,iS  iippointi' I  rommittrc-mun  the  other  wouhl  he  certainly 
jmni^heil  as  i\  Tory  before  the  fonehiNioa  of  the  year.  Mr.  W'emJill  replied,  '•  the 
only  indurenieiit  I  had  to  ciiKiiifo  !ii  these  ull'airs  was  to  have  it  in  my  power  to  soften 
the  horrors  and  to  relieve  the  di>tres.ses  which  must  uilavoidiilily  ari'-e  to  piiticuliir 
persons  in  the  iiresenl  ri volutions."  A;'er  t.ikiiiK  n'.v  have  of  Mr.  WindcU  1  wsited 
Mr.  J.  I'itts,  who  tooli  iiic  liy  the  hand  and  in  itud  me  with  atlentloii  and  ceremony, 
but  I  prosiiitly  perceived  th.it  his  advanci  ii'.;;iil  had  rendered  him  more  still",  formal 
and  important,  lie  was  not  so  familiar  and  easy  as  usual.  However,  after  sonii  re- 
spectful compliments,  he  iiromised  to  u-"  all  his  inlluenee  t  i  forward  my  petition. 
Hi!  declared,  from  the  kni>\vledge  he  h  '  if  the  eastern  C" miry,  and  my  conneetious, 
he  was  fully  convinced  that  my  i-il'ation  must  oo  vny  disas^reeable,  and  my  circum- 
stances e.\trenielv  di^trcssiiiL;.  1  found  in  the  c  I'.rse  of  our  conversation  that  he  h.'d 
no  fji'-at  opinion  of  llijwniaii,  and  that  ho  \\  .s  c  nscious  that  some  of  our  mai-isfratca 
were  my  enemies  on  account  of  my  former  connections  with  Dr.  (i.udimr.  lJri,^ldlcr 
I'reble  w,is  the  ne.\t  counsillor  I  solicited  in  n.y  allairs.  'I'hc  old  iji  ntlcman,  upon 
my  application,  suH'crcd  a  little  rnu'^hiiess  and  ferocity  of  '; is  countena!ice;  he  de- 
clared, with  an  oatii,  that  he  knew  my  :ntualion  to  lie  very  distressing,',  and  nio 
his  interest  in  [.roeurin",'  the  hut  then  says  \ij  :  "  Von  must  cn- 
gatte  upon  your  word  and  honour  not  to  j^ive  the  enemy  any  intellifienee  of  our  expe- 
ditions atjainst  Newport  and  New  York.  I  told  him  in  all  jjroliability  the  staic  of 
these  military  operations  would  be  ilcteniiiucd  before  T  could  possibly  ijet  ready  to 
dep  irt.  He  then,  with  a  countenance  replete  with  vin'.,eance  and  fury,  and  in  a  voice 
of  thunder,  swore  a  tremendous  oath,  that  the  rei'^'u  of  the  old  villain,  {jcoiire,  w'as 
very  short  in  Ann rica.  lie  soon  returned  to  my  allairs,  and  told  me  in  a  whisper, 
that  if  1  obtained  leave  to  depart  he  must  entrust  me  with  letters  to  Udifax.  "  You 
know,"  says  he,  "  my  son-in-law,  'I'om  O.vnard."  liel'ore  we  parted  he  execrated  Tar- 
son  Wiswall  in  a  bitter  m.muer.  After  flnishinj;  tliis  dis.i^reeable  business  I  dined  at 
Mr.  John  Uuw's,  who  ;,'ave  a  striking  instance  of  the  injustice  and  tyranny  of  IJrijta- 
dicr  I'reble.  Mr.  ibiw,  a  few  years  jv^o,  had  lent  him  a  larj,'c  sura,  if  1  remember  rifjht, 
£700  sterling,  to  clear  a  mon,;ai,'e  on  his  estate,  no  part  of  which  was  ever  paid  until 
the  pre-ent  year,  when  the  nu^adier  brou].;ht  .Mr.  How  the  same  nominal  simi  in  pa- 
per money  to  discharge  his  ili  bt.  The  latter  made  some  diliiculty  of  aoceptiii"  it,  as 
it  was  the  seventh  part  of  the  real  value.  'J'lie  otiu  r  replied  that  he  should  take  the 
money,  or  else  be  iirocreded  iiL'iainst  as  a  convicted  Tory  and  a  mortal  eneniv  to  his 
country.  This  declaration  ([uickly  ended  the  whole  dispute.  Mr.  iiow  tonk  the  mo- 
ney an<l  Rave  the  IJrigadicr  a  full  discharge.  Ail  express  arrives  th;it  the  French  (leet 
had  arrived  at  Point  Judith  to  assist  in  the  reduction  of  lUiude  Island.  Diank  tea 
this  evening  in  company  with  3Irs.  Sheaf 

'dial.    'Went  in  the  morning  to  the  Court  House 


but  the  President  assured  me  that  he  would  carefully  keep  my  petition,  and  present 


:i 


358 


ATPENDIX. 


it  \\\;,iirvcr  a  favouvaljlo  opportunity  s!ioiilil  occur.  Wnilo  I  wns  In  f  nnvcrsntion  vith 
liiiii  upon  tlu'  sii'ijci't,  :iii  ■ii>l-(lc-u:iinp  from  (Jdici.il  lIiMtli  uiiiciirci',,  witli  a  nicssiif;c 
to  the  Council  lie  ;.;ave  i  t'orin:ition  th.ii  a  M/.  I.rwis,  a  cicrtjvmiiii.  or  cliai.lain  of 
a  rti,'lnu'iit,  liad  (kstitcil  from  Xrw  York,  and  lia\ir,;r  diiii'il  witli  llic  (icnir.d  was 
coniinf?  to  lay  KoiK'thiii'.;  of  the  ulni..st  in  portancc  ln/foro  tlio  Couni'll ;  "  l.ut,  you 
niav  d( -pL'ud  u[>oii  it,"  'jontiiiui'd  the  .iliiir,  "that  the  i;i  ntli  inun  is  a  sjjv."  Mrs. 
"SVliite  was  liuiicd  this  aftrinocjn:  a  prodigious  l.irgi'  funeral.  Drank  tea  at  Mrs.  Cof- 
lin"s.  Present,  I).  Lloyd  and  Lis  wife,  'Sir.  iluMjard,  Mr.  Urininier,  Mr.  Aniory  and 
Lis  lady,  with  seven. 1  other  lailies,  liotli  married  and  >iiifiU'.  Vt'o  spent  the  evening 
very  atjreea'ily.  Ila\  iiiLC  informed  Mrs.  Collin  of  what  I  ii.id  heard  eoneernint;  the 
clerjiyman  from  >iew  York,  .•■he  and  Mrs.  Deidois  lelt,  the  company  and  went  in  pur- 
gnil  of  him,  hopinj;;  to  liear  i-i)niethin<;  of  their  absent  friends.  They  had  the  |.;ood 
fortune  to  liml  the  ;;entlenia]i,  thoui;h  .■^omc'.hinf;  under  duress,  lie  represented  that 
all  the  Uoyal  lorct'^  and  tlie  fiiends  (jf  (Government  were  in  the  utmost  confusion  and 
an.\iity,  that  many  reijenled  of  their  rashness  in  leaving'  their  -onntry,  and  th.it 
numbers  intended  viry  rhortly  to  imitate  hi.^  exainide  in  runninp;  away  and  throwinf^ 
themselves  upon  the  mercy  of  the  American  government.     Ho  added,  that  people 


were  iilmost  starvini'  for  want  of  bread  ami 


e.\iiected  from  Brituiu 


h 


.  ft. 

I  I"! 


I*;] 


If, 
1  '  - 


lie  would  first  ex;dain  himself  with  reserve,  with  an  entire  confidence  in  their  honor 
and  iute;;rity.     Tliu         I         with  these  suprcnie  mai^istr.vtes  with  their  conduct 
of  my  friend  induced  the  follow iut;  reniaiks: — 

1st.     That  notwlth-t  ludintj  tliey  represented  th-junelves  (to  be)  the  creatures  of 

tlic  people,  and  were  actu.illy  in  most  iustinces  advanced  from  inferior  stations,  yet 
they  assumed  all  the  dignity  and  importance  of  princes  and  nobiemen  liorn  to  com- 
mand. 

L'nd.  They  aifectcd  t;)  act  the  courtier  externally.  When  any  applications  were 
made  to  the  leading;  members  for  eountenau'-e  or  favour,  they  reeei\"ed  the  petitioner 
with  apparent  tokens  of  condi';,cension.  'I'hey  emleavorcd,  though  it  must  be  con- 
fessed, with  an  awkward  grace,  to  lower  their  dignity,  and  would  make  most  ample 
promises  of  their  interest  lo  forward  his  recpiest ;  liut  when  these  gentlemen  were  as- 
sembled in  Council  they  either  I'orgot  their  eng.igcments,  or  determined  to  disoblige, 
when  the  charge  of  tal.-ehood  or  severity  miglit  be  transferred  from  particular  mem- 
bers to  the  whole  body.  One  or  two  gentlemen  of  my  accpiaintancc,  who  petitioned 
tlie  Council  for  p^  rmissioii  to  depart  the  State,  applied  to  every  member  of  the  Coun- 
cil, and  received  the  strongest  assurances  from  each  of  his  interest,  and  yet  when  the 
petition  was  brought  before  thcni  in  the  Council  chamber  it  was  rejected  without  as- 
signing any  reasim. 

Hrd.  I  conjectured  that  the  most  moderate  legisl.itures  are  disposed  to  enact  the 
severest  and  must  unreasonable  laws  and  afterwards  mitigate 


with  the  arrival  of  Parson  Lewis.  Some  conceived  that  lie  was  a  spy,  others  that  ho 
had  deserted  from  disgust  to  the  Uritish  cause  and  pure  allection  to  the  American 
cause,  whilst  the  ladies  were  uuaniinous  that  it  was  a  love  allair  which  brought  him 
to  Boston,  (or  during  his  imprisonment  he;  had  frequent  interviews  with  Mr.  Picr- 
pont's  daughter,  a  young  girl  of  fifteen,  who  had  an  independent  fortune  of  l.JDOO 
sterling.  This  day,  afier  a  long  and  severe  drought,  about  ;]  o'clock  we  had  a  smart 
thunder  shower,  which  lasted  about  ten  minutes.  Three  men  being  with  a  boat  on 
one  of  the  islands  of  the  harbour,  placed  thotnselves  under  it  for  a  shelter  from  the 
shower!  As  soon  as  the  rain  ceased  a  little,  two  of  ti;c  coni])any  ventured  out,  and 
called  upon  the  other  to  follow  their  example,  which  he  at  first  refused  to  do,  but 
upoa  repeated  upplicatious  he  complied,    lie  hud  uo  sooner  left  the  boat  thun  t. 


ArPENDlX, 


359 


stream  of  lightning  dcspcndpfl  and  stove  it  all  to  pieces.    News  arrives  that  the 
I'lench  fleet  liatl  taken  all  the  vessels  from  Cork. 

Aiii/usI  2'/.  This  day,  beiii;^  Sunday,  coidd  not  assist  INIr.  P.-irkor  for  want  of  a  suit- 
able discourse.  As  I  was  walkiuf;  to  chur^'h  in  the  moruinp;  Mr.  Lash  put  a  ,t;uinea 
into  niy  hand.  After  evening  service  went  to  drink  tea  wit'>  Mr.  Domett ;  present, 
Col.  Tudors  lady, — tlioup;li  a  Wliijf,  very  moderate, — Mr.  rilntchct,  Mr.  Clieever,  and 
Mr.  Brimmer.  (?  )  1  was  e.vtremely  pleased  with  the  conversation  of  Mr.  Cheever. 
Amoiii;  other  thini^s  he  told  me  that  when  the  high  sons  perceived  that  a  number  of 
Tories  had  taken  the  oath  of  allesianee  they  were  so  enraged  as  to  threat'  ii  them 
with  immediate  destrnetion,  ealling  theui  rogues,  villains,  \-e.  Afte»-  tea  took  a  walk 
upon  the  Common,  then  visited  and  supped  with  .Mr.  Warner  and  lady.  1  regard 
them  as  a  very  modest  and  gcner(nis  eonplc.  Upon  my  return  home  finmd  .Mr.  Park- 
er gone  to  visit  .Mrs.  Hooper,  of  Newbury.  His  lady  informed  inc  that  she  had  sent 
for  me  and  Mr.  I'arker  to  spend  the  evening.  '\Vi;en  Mr.  Parker  returned,  about  I'i 
o'cloek,  he  told  me  that  Mrs.  Hooper  had  informed  him  that  she  had  seen  a  letter 
very  lately  from  Mr.  Marston,  at  Ilalifix,  wherein  he  writes  that  he  is  in  good  health 
and  high  spirits,  and,  were  he  at  lil)erty,  he  could  write  such  intelligence  as  must  give 
the  friends  of  government  the  most  ample  satisfaction. 

',i(L  This  morning  visited  Mr.  Brown  and  his  son,  the  Doctor,  and  took  a  breakfast 
with  Mrs.  Dixy.  I  found  lier  in  gre^it  airiictioii  on  account  of  her  little  daughter,  who 
was  sick  of  a  fever.  Visited  Mr.  Thomas  Amory  and  his  lady,  wliere  I  was  kinilly 
entertained.  I  tarried  till  after  dinner,  and  was  favnured  with  the  >ight  of  several  cu- 
rious letters,  and  the  relation  of  many  shocking  anecdotes.  After  dinner  at  Captain 
"William  Morton's,  at  Mr.  Burn's,  and  on  lioard  Capt.  Hatch,  where  1  met  with  my 
old  fri<>nd  Mr.  Xathaniel  Gardiner.  He  brougVit  intelligence  that  the  people  of  Nan- 
tucket had  certain  information  that  a  liritish  fleet,  under  Lord  ]5yron,  was  on  their 
passage;  that  the  garrison  at  New])ort  was  11, ()!)()  strong,  ami  that  provisions  were 
cheap  and  plenty  at  New  York.  Towards  evening  at  Mr.  Parker's,  and  drank  tea  in 
company  with  several  ladies.  Dr.  Brown  and  Capt.  Hatch  here.  Tlic  former  had  the 
confidence  to  apply  to  Mr.  Parker  for  a  recomnn'  ndation,  and  referred  him  to  nie  for 
a  character.  Supped  at  Lome  with  a  large  company.  Mr.  Nathaniel  flardiner  here 
to  visit  me,  and  to  give  me  an  account  of  his  advcnturts.  'J  he  friends  of  govcrnTnent 
now  begin  to  receive  a  little  more  comMi^e,  and  to  expect  some  more  lavourablc  events. 

■1^//.  This  morning,  after  walking  ni)on  the  wharves,  vi>iled  Mrs.  Cofliu.  J)ined  at 
home,  in  company  with  Mr.  Inman.  Drank  tea  at  Mrs.  .sheaf's.  Several  irentlemcn 
and  ladies.  Mr.  Gardiner  met  me,  according  to  agreement,  at  Mr.  I)(imett's,  but  that 
worthy  couple  being  from  home  we  walked  towards  Capt.  Poster's,  but  finding  the 
smallpox  in  that  ])art  of  the  town,  turned  aside  to  !Mrs.  Dixy's.  I  fjund  her  daugb.ter 
recovered.  We  proceeded  back  to  Mr.  D.nnctt's,  and  had  the  pleasure  of  finding  him 
and  his  lady  at  home.  We  were  presently  joined  by  Mrs.  Sheaf  and  her  daULrhter 
Polly.  We  had  a  very  agreeable  evetiing,  and  sujiped  before  we  jiartcd.  Beceivcd 
either  this,  or  the  preceding  day,  eight  dollars  from  Mr.  'J'linmas  Amory. 

■'t/i.  After  passing  away  the  forenoon  in  jiaying  diiforent  visits  went  to  Mr.  Has- 
kin's,  and  tarried  dinner  with  that  worthy  man  and  his  family.  Drank  tea  and  su|)- 
pcd  abroad.  Cajjt.  Smith  arrives  from  Wonlwich,  and  I  engige  a  passage  with 
him  to  Kcnnebeek.  Mr.  Hubbard  gives  me  three  (piartcrs  of  an  hundred  of  rice, 
and  Mr.  X.  Green  a  bu-ihel  of  rye.  (jrcal  i)re!)arations  for  three  days  past  have 
been  making  for  the  expedition  against  Jihodc  Island;  the  streets  and  roads  not 
only  full  of  armeii  nu'u  upon  the  march  from  every  quarter,  but  a  multitude  of  car- 
riage'.;, with  provi-ions  ,"-d  warlike  forces  ;  volutiteers  come  jjouring  into  town  from 
every  regiiju  of  tlie  coriniry  ;  nn-n  of  conse(pience  ;.!id  ffu'turie  appear  both  on  hor<e- 
l>ark  and  in  llie  mo-^t  ponipou-i  vehicles  thai  caji  lie  pr^a  iiV'i.  As<'irai.rc  of  sncc(-;s 
is  displayed  in  every  cuuiiteuance,  and  all  e.Kpect  to  return  in  a  few  days  victoriuua 


I 


3G0 


APPENDIX. 


r 


f ' 


I  i 


and  loailt'tl  ^vitll  plundor.  To  tqirrtrost  iiny  ditluniity  is  liighly  rrlniiiial,  and  to  I'or^- 
b(J(U'  disajipoiiitinciit  would  be  I'.ital.  To  sci-  these  people,  who  had  always  the  great- 
est aversion  to  the  manners,  reli^^ion,  and  Kovurnnient  of  the  French,  now  rejoicinf^ 
in  their  alliance  and  exulting  in  their  assistance,  aflords  a  most  striking  instance  of 
the  perverscness  of  the  InimaTi  heart,  and  disidays  beyond  cxanii'le  the  obstinacy,  the 
madness,  the  fully,  tiie  periidy  of  my  countrymen.  Rather  than  yield  to  the  most 
prevailing  convictions  of  reason,  rather  than  comply  with  the  most  sacred  dictates  of 
conscience  and  religion,  I  may  aild,  rather  than  be  happy  in  the  enjoyment  of  their 
lihi'rties  ami  possessions,  lliey  choose  to  rush  headlong  into  gtiilt,  misery,  and  ruin, 
and  to  entail  upon  them-ielves  and  iiosterity  llie  nrost  ignoble  servitude. 

(Mil.  This  morning,  understanding  that  I  had  made  a  blunder  in  not  dining  at  Mr. 
Iimiaii's,  who  bad  given  me  an  invitation  the  preceding  day,  and  that  he  was  higlily 
cilendcd  at  my  neglect,  I  waited  upon  him  to  make  the  best  apology  in  my  power.  I 
assured  him  that  1  was  not  sensiidc  that  he  gave  nic  any  invitaliun,  and  that  I  was 
wholly  ignorant  that  any  company  was  about  to  diiio  at  his  hinise.  His  lady,  a  mo.st 
excellent  woman,  (piickly  ended  the  dispute,  and,  when  we  had  taken  a  breakfa'-t,  Mr. 
Innian  insisted  ni)on  my  returning  to  dine  witli  him  this  day.  1  spent  the  forenoon. 
at  Mr.  ^cargent's  and  Mr.  Turner's,  where  I  heard  from  a  iiumljer  of  gentlemen  the 
following  intelligence:  The  eaptiin  of  a  prize  brought  into  iSalem  ailirmed  that  Lord 
Byron  liad  sailed  from  Britain  with  a  ileet  of  twenty-five  capital  ships,  and  that  the 
harbour  of  ]5rest  was  blocked  np  with  thirty-two  ships  of  the  line  under  the  command 
of  Admiral  llervey,  Karl  of  Bristol.  Present  at  dinner,  besides  .Mr.  Inman  and  wife, 
Nancy  Seargcnt  and  Betsey  Murray,  daughter  to  Col.  Murray,  one  of  the  Mandamus 
Counsellors,  who  iled  the  country.  \\\vv  dinner  I  waited  np"n  Dr.  Jdoyd:  saw  tlierc 
a  young  gentleman  from  (ien.  .'•aillivan,  who  informed  us  that  the  attack  was  to  be 
made  upon  Rhode  Island  immediately.  The  Dr.,  at  parting,  gave  me  nine  dollars. 
Prom  hence  I  reiiaired  to  Mr.  Parker's,  where  I  found  that  my  old  friend,  Mr.  William 
Gardiner,  had  arrived  from  Concord,  and  had  been  twice  to  enquire  for  n\e.  I  went 
directly  to  his  lodgings,  but  to  my  great  disappointment  I  found  him  absent.  1  how- 
ever met  hiin  presently  after  in  the  street.  "We  went  back  to  Mr.  Parker's,  where  we 
drank  tea,  and  then  took  a  walk  into  the  garden.  After  spending  the  evening  to- 
gether we  agreed  to  meet  each  other  the  next  morning  about  eleven  at  Mr.  Dmuett's. 

"illi.  [A  part  of  this  day's  .lourniil  will  be  found  in  the  Memoir,  p.  I'JO.j  Mr. 
Gardiner  soon  came  in,  and  3Irs.  Domett  engaged  ns  to  dine  with  them.  Before  din- 
ner we  went  on  board  ^^mith  and  visited  Capt.  Hatch,  and  our  return  found  Mrs. 
Coflin,  and  had  a  very  sociable  entertainment.  Mr.  (lardiner  and  I  waited  upon  Dr. 
Byles  and  drank  tea  with  him,  his  daughters,  and  other  young  ladies.  The  Dr.  was 
in  high  spirits,  and  rather  more  diverting  than  usual.  Vt'c  spent  the  evening  to- 
gether, when  I  took  my  leave  of  IMr.  Gardiner.  *  *  *  *  Mr.  Gardiner  assured  me, 
upon  very  good  authority,  that  every  person  in  Canada  who  suH'crcd  by  the  ravages 
of  the  American  rebels,  had  their  losses  fully  made  up,  and  that  the  whole  amounted 
to  dTO.dOO  sterling. 

Stii.  [A  part  of  this  day's  .Tournal  will  be  found  in  the  Memoir,  p.  120.]  *  * 
After  which  I  returned  her,  (Mrs.  Doiiutt,)  a  visit  of  thanks,  and  took  my  leave  of 
that  generous  lady  and  her  daughters,  is  *  *  *  Having  i)ut  my  things  on  lioard 
the  vessel,  dined  at  Mr.  Parker's,  called  upon  several  friends,  drank  tea  with  Mrs. 
Domett,  and  parted  with  Mrs.  ("oHin  and  that  excellent  couple  whom  I  shall  always 
esteem  with  the  sincerest  alfection.  About  ten  Dr.  Mayer  and  I  took  our  leave  and 
embarked  on  board  Capt.  Smith.  The  weather  was  now  extremely  hot,  with  a  gentle 
breeze  of  S.  W.  wind.  AVc  had  two  female  passengers  on  board,  and  about  11  o'clock 
got  under  sail. 

;)/.'(.  The  next  morning  about  sunrise,  near  Thai cher's  Island,  just  as  we  were  com- 
ing round  the  Cape,  discovered  a  very  large  ship,     licr  guns  were  carefully  concealed, 


APPENDIX. 


361 


and  she  lot  us  pass  without  notice.  Soon  after  we  observed  a  very  strong  current  set- 
ting to  the  westward  ;  a  short  calm  ensued,  when  the  wind  spranj^  up  about  east. 
Ahout  noon  the  cloud's  began  to  gather  thick  froiu  every  quarter,  and  the  distant 
thunder  uttered  its  voice.  When  we  were  miles  to  the  south  of  the  Shoal  Islands,  it 
being  between  3  and  1  o'clock,  the  clouds  were  exceedingly  black  and  heavy  from  the 
N.  E.  around  to  the  S.  E.,  the  lightnings  streamed  dreadful!.,  in  various  directions, 
and  the  bursting  thunders  roared  aloud.  At  length  the  tempest  burst  upun  us.  A 
squall  struck  us  from  the  W.  ]V.  W.,  which  in  a  few  minutes  veered  into  the  E.  S.  E, 
Tl)o  darkness,  thunder  and  rain  continued  with  uncommon  severitj  till  we  opened 
I'ortsmouth  harbour,  a  little  before  sunset,  when  the  clouds  began  to  disjicrse,  and 
we  came  to  an  anchor  a  little  below  the  light-house,  where  we  lay  rolling  and  tumbling 
all  night,  and  our  female  passengers  were  in  consequence  very  sick. 

lOlh.  "When  tlie  tide  served  in  the  morning  w'c  came  to  anchor  in  reppereU's  Cove, 
at  Kittery,  the  wind  b^ing  K.  N.  E.  About  10  o'clock  the  captain  set  the  two  women 
on  shore ;  we  then  proceeded  in  the  boat  to  Newcastle,  where,  upon  enquiring  for  Mr. 
Chase,*  I  found  that  he  had  died  six  months  liefore.  Ilis  son,  Stephen,  was  gone  to 
Portsmouth,  as  well  as  his  daughter.  Afti'r  rambling  near  two  hours  about  the  Island 
returned  on  board.  lu  our  passage  we  approached  a  large  brig  under  sail,  on  board 
of  which  I  saw  Mr.  Spole,  with  my  friend  Jenny  Sheaf,  from  Martinico.  Having 
dined  I  went  on  shore  to  visit  Mr.  Stevens,  the  minister  on  Kittery  Point.  I  here 
met  with  civil  treatment,  found  him  a  modest,  sensible  man,  rather  on  the  side  of  the 
British  government,  and  his  daughter  a  well  accomplished  and  agreeable  young  lady. 
Being  invited  I  tarried  till  the  next  morning. 

ll//».  The  wind  continuing  nearly  in  the  same  quarter  I  went  on  board  after  break- 
fast, and  went  with  the  Captain  and  Dr.  Mayer  to  Portsmouth,  where  I  met  with 
great  pleasure  several  of  my  friends,  as  Mr.  Haven's  family,  Mrs.  Clajiham,  Mis.  Fra- 
zer,  and  !Mr.  Whipple  and  huly.  Dined  at  Mr.  Whipple's.  I  pereiived  that  his  lady 
was  greatly  discouraged  at  the  appearance  of  publick  alfairs.  I  was  able,  however,  by 
several  anecdotes,  to  revive  her  sjjirits.  After  dinner  I  returned  to  Mr.  Haven's, 
where  I  spent  an  hour  very  agreeably.  Capt.  Smith,  being  obliged  to  go  on  board,  I 
left  the  town  with  regret,  but  tht  wind  continuing  to  blow  from  the  N.  ^..,  with  clouds 
and  fog,  I  was  permitted  to  revisit  Mr.  Stevens.  I  found  that  he  was  gone  to  Ports- 
mouth. He  returned,  however,  after  tea.  [Part  of  this  day's  Journal  is  inserted  in, 
the  Memoir,  p.  121.]  The  company  were  so  agreeable  to  each  other  that  they  never 
went  to  repose  till  after  twelve. 

12th,  This  morning  the  weather  was  boisterous,  and  the  wind  blowing  hard  from  the 
N.  E.  and  great  appearances  of  a  storm.  After  breakfast  went  on  board;  so  windy 
that  we  could  not,  as  wo  intended,  visit  Portsmouth.  Towards  evening  landed,  in 
company  with  Capt.  Crandall,  at  Pepperell's  Wharf,  and  spent  several  hours  in  walk- 
ing about  the  neirhbourhood.  The  ruins  of  Sir  William's  fine  estate  induced  us  to  re- 
flect upon  the  in. '.ability  of  human  alfairs.  A  few  years  occasion  prodigious  altera- 
tions, especially  in  such  seasons  of  plundc  and  depredation.  The  house,  whicli  be- 
longed to  Andrew  Pepperell  Sparhawk — a  stately  edifice — has  lately  been  reduced  to 
almost  a  heap  of  ruins,  for  no  other  reason  but  because  the  owner  is  in  Britain.  Wo 
saw  in  the  dock  a  fine  little  schooner  from  the  eastward  with  a  family  on  board.  The 
master  informed  us  that  Capt.  Callahan,  having  taken  from  him  a  slooj)  of  ninety 
tons,  made  him  a  present  of  that  schooner,  though  greatly  opposed  by  the  Captain 
of  Marines.  This  vessel,  armed,  had  taken  three  sloops.  About  nine  in  the  evening 
the  weather  began  to  roughen,  the  clouds  to  gather  from  every  (luarter,  and  the  in- 
creasing winds  to  agitate  the  waters. 

IWi.    This  morning,  as  soon  as  daylight  appeared,  we  had  a  most  violent  storm  at 


*  licv.  'Stephen  Chose,  undo  to  Mrs.  lioUcy.    Sco  Nolo  F.,  p.  '.i58, 

4(5 


362 


APPENDIX. 


ti    t 


}  I' 


I   1 


N.  E.,  attended  with  lar^ro  quantities  of  rain.  It  continticd  witliout  intermission  till 
near  sniiset,  during  which  the  water  was  in  violent  a'jitation,  and  we  tliou.i;ht  our- 
Bclves  unsafe  with  two  anchors  at  her  bow.  One  sloop  was  stove  in  jiicces  at  the  he- 
ginning  of  this  tempest,  and  a  schooner,  attemptins;  to  recover  hy  the  li:;ht-house 
point,  lost  her  anchor,  had  her  jib  carried  aw;iy,  and  was  finally  liilged  against  the 
rocks.  Another  sloiip,  commanded  by  Josejih  Decker,  rode  out  the  storm  just  within 
the  southernmost  poi  it  of  Piscataqua  harliour,  expectiu',;  every  moment  either  to  go 
on  shore,  or  to  be  .swallowed  up  by  the  waves.  The  violence  of  the  tempest  abated, 
however,  very  fast  in  the  evening.  "We  had  an  uncomfortable  situation  on  board, 
being  closely  confined  to  a  nasty  cabin,  while  the  vessel  kept  incessantly  rolling  and 
tumbling,  especially  in  the  night,  to  such  a  degree  that  we  could  hardly  lay  in  our 
cabins. 

li//i.  A  fine  morning  after  the  storm,  but  the  wind  still  continues  to  breeze  from 
the  east.  After  our  Captain  had  been  to  atibrd  some  relief  to  his  distressed  brethren, 
I  embarked  for  Portsmouth  on  board  a  large  canoe  with  Mr.  James  Marden  and  his 
brother.  In  our  passage  we  went  on  Ijoard  a  privateer  of  ten  carriage  guns,  where  I 
quickly  perceived  a  nuist  shocking  exhibition  of  confusion  and  profanencss.  The  oaths 
and  cxerrations  were  horrid  beyond  expression.  I  had  formerly  been  five  or  six  weeks 
on  board  a  IJritisli  man-of-war,  where  all  was  order,  piety,  and  politeness,  in  compari- 
son with  what  now  appeared.  We  took  the  gunner  on  board  and  proceeded  to  town. 
When  I  arrived  at  Mr.  Stevens's  i  found  them  at  dinner,  and,  to  my  great  satisfaction, 
Dr.  Coffin,  directly  from  Falmouth,  lie  expected  to  meet  his  lady  here  from  Boston 
before  evening.  After  dinner,  and  talking  over  the  news,  we  went  out  together  and 
met  Mr.  J.  Sheaf  at  the  barber's  shop,  when  I  engaged  to  wait  for  this  agreeable  gen- 
tleman at  Mr.  Whipple's.  I  spent  the  afternoon  vith  Mr.  Whi])ple,  his  lady,  Madam, 
Wentworth,  Mrs.  Purcel,  and  Mrs.  Clapham.  As  I  vas  waiting  upon  Mrs.  Purcel 
home  met  Mr.  Sheaf ;  we  walked  together  and  took  the  tour  of  several  streets.  lie 
informed  me  that  he  had  only  twenty-two  days  from  Martinico.  and  that  there  was 
no  ajjpearar.ie  of  war  among  the  French  and  Spaniards.  lie  was  perfectly  surprized 
when  he  heard  that  a  French  fleet  was  upon  the  coast  of  New  England.  Went  this 
afternoon  to  Capt.  Roach  and  his  family.  I  found  here  Mr.  John  Parker,  the  ShcrilF, 
brother  to  Parson  Parker,  of  Boston ;  he  made  some  severe  reflections  upon  my  per- 
secutors, in  particular  their  imposing  the  oath  of  abjuration.  When  Mr.  Parker  was 
gone  Mr.  Uoach  applied  to  have  his  child  baptized.  I  performed  the  ofhce  in  the  pres- 
ence of  three  l.ulies,  who  were  here  on  a  visit.  At  parting  Capt.  Hoach  gave  me  half 
a  guinea,  and  kindly  offered  to  do  his  part  toward  my  support  during  the  present 
calamitous  times.  After  I  had  parted  with  Mr.  Sheaf  I  went  with  Mrs.  Whipple  to 
Capt.  Turner's,  where  we  found  Mr.  AVhipple  arri\ed  before  us,  and  Mrs.  Peppercll. 
Just  as  we  had  entered  into  sociable  conversation  1  was  (tailed  away  to  baptize  a  child 
for  one  llecd,  a  little  out  of  town.  Here  .vcre  present  a  large  number  of  ladies. 
After  I  had  performed  the  sacred  ordinance  I  returned  to  my  company,  and  about  ten 
I  went  to  Mr.  Staver's,  and  found  Mrs.  Coffin  arrived  from  Boston,  but  she  and  the 
Dr.  were  both  gone  to  bed.  After  supper  spent  an  hour  with  Mrs.  Frazier  and  another 
lady.    The  former  gave  me  a  yard  of  muslin  for  Mrs.  Bailey.     Lodged  at  this  house. 

l')lh.  This  morning  rose  early  and  waited  for  breakfast  till  Dr.  Coffin,  his  lady,  and 
Miss  Betty  Wier  were  dressed.  Mrs.  Coilin  brought  word  that  the  French  fleet  had  left 
Viewport,  and  that  the  Cork  fleet  had  all  arrived  safe  at  New  York,  which  incidents 
gave  uncommon  spirits  to  the  friends  of  government,  who  had  for  a  long  time  been  in 
a  despairing  situation.  Mr.  Marden  being  ready  to  go  on  board  I  was  obliged  to  leave 
this  very  agreeable  company.  Wlien  we  came  to  the  vessel  we  found  the  wind  still 
unfavorable,  which  determined  us  to  return.  I  dined  at  Mr.  Staver's,  waited  upon 
Mr.  Jeffries,  and  drank  tea  at  Mr.  Whipple's,  where  1  learned  from  that  gentleman 
tliat  one  Mr.  Emerson,  of  York,  had  been  upon  Rhode  Island  to  satisfy  his  curiosity. 


APPENDIX, 


:J63 


IFc  declared  tliat  lie  had  been  not  only  in  the  Provincial  army,  but  amonr;  the  inhab- 
itants, who  assured  him  there  were  10,000  British  forces  at  Newport,  the  rebel  army 
between  l'_',(K)0  and  2'),0W  ^tronj^.  lie  conliriiuil  the  account  of  the  departure  of  the 
French  ilect,  and  added  that  they  sailed  on  Munday  morning  in  pnrsiut  of  sonic  Drit- 
ish  ships  which  appeared  in  si^ht  tlic  cveninj?  before,  and  that  prior  to  this  move- 
ment the  i'rench  had  re-embaiked  all  their  land  forces  to  thenunilier  of  1,J00.  ^\'l,nt 
Willi  Mr.  A\'hipplc  to  Mr.  Stavcr's,  and  found  <ailliu  arrived  tVom  I;o^loll,  who  in- 
formed us  that  the  ■Whiles  were  greatly  alarmed  at  the  French  Adioiral's  ctnuluct ; 
that  the  Salem  volunteers,  in  attempting  to  reconnoitre  the  enemy's  worlds  had  lost 
ten  of  their  nunilier ;  that  the  late  storm  had  greatly  annoyed  the  Provincial  armv, 
as  the  militia  and  volunteers  were  destitute  of  shelter;  that  the  Uoyal  forces,  in  case 
the  French  fleet  should  not  return,  intended  to  surround  Khude  Island  ;  and  that 
two  capital  ships  had  lately  arrived  from  ISritain.  Our  company  consisted  of  Capt. 
Turner,  Mr.  Jaffrey,  Mr.  AVliipple,  Capt.  Ilickcy,  and  Mr.  Stavers,  besides  (irilHii  and 
Davis.  About  10  received  a  note  from  Mr.  .Soward  to  baptize  his  child.  At  1 1  I 
complied  with  his  rciiucst,  after  which  I  supped  and  lodged  at  Mr.  Whipple's.  Mr. 
J.  Sheaf  gave  me  six  lbs.  of  coil'ee. 

ICth.  This,  being  Sunday  morning,  after  having  an  early  breakfast  with  Mr.  Sta- 
vers, return;'d  on  board.  The  wind  soon  began  to  breeze  K.  and  by  S.,  and  the  tide 
favouring  we  beat  out  to  sea,  and  had  a  most  jdeasant  passage  into  Winter  llarliour, 
where  we  came  to  anchor  about  half  past  five  in  the  afternoon.  We  landed  the  two 
Hardens  at  this  place,  but  the  wind  blowing  hard  almost  from  the  S.  E.  our  Ciiiitain' 
concluded  it  not  prudent  to  proceed.  In  the  night  showers  of  rain.  Another  sloop, 
belonging  to  Broad  Bay,  anchored  near  us  in  this  harbour. 

I7th.  Wind  about  east,  thick  weather,  attended  with  rain  and  fog.  Went  on  shore 
on  Wood  Island.  This  island  is  surrounded  with  a  sharp,  rocky  slioro  ;  the  skirts  of 
it  abound  with  gooseberry  bushes  ;  the  situation  of  the  inland  parts  very  low,  and  the 
soil  exceeding  riih  ;  vegetables  grow  here  to  an  uncommon  size  ;  on  the  north-west  end 
we  observed  the  appearance  of  a  deep  bog.  Having  dined  on  board  we  concluded,  in 
the  afternoon,  to  visit  father  Ilussey,  a  (Quaker,  who  bad  lived  upon  a  large  farm 
to  the  south  of  this  harbour  above  forty  years.  I  was  pleased  witli  tlie  conversation 
of  his  brother,  who  happened  to  be  present  on  a  visit  from  Berwick,  but  I  quickly 
discovered  the  owner  of  the  house  to  be  an  obstinate,  self-conceited,  censorious  bigot. 
Wo  entered  deeply  into  publick  measures,  and,  though  the  (^iuakers  loudly  eomknined 
the  proceedings  of  the  American  opposition,  yet,  I  strongly  suspect,  tliey  are  no 
hearty  friends  to  the  British  Constitution.  They  are  unwilling  to  ri^k  anything  in 
the  reformation  or  subversion  of  any  government,  yet,  I  fancy,  a  republican  form  i:iust 
be  most  agretable  to  their  inclinations.  The  whole  family  appeared  very  contracted 
and  inhospitable,  not  asking  either  of  us  to  eat  or  drink,  though  they  prepared  an 
afternoon  repast,  and  it  was  with  dilliculty  wo  obtained  a  drink  of  water.  Showery  in 
the  night,  with  some  lightning. 

LS/Zi.  AVind  still  continues  east,  with  a  prodigious  thick  fog.  After  breakfast  vent 
on  shore,  lirst  to  one  Capt.  Hill's,  where  we  met  with  very  indiflerent  treatment.  We 
then  crossed  over  a  narrow  channel,  and  visited  one  Fletcher.  The  old  woman  and 
her  two  daughter.s  were  the  most  hard-favoured  and  disagreeable  of  the  sex  I  ever  lic- 
hcld ;  the  whole  family  were  extremely  rough  and  hoggish  in  their  manners.  The 
old  man  raved  against  Capt.  Callahan,  and  threatened  him  with  hanging.  He  had  a 
daughter  deaf  and  dumb,  and  a  son  blind.  Wo  tarried  in  this  inhospitable  dwelling. 
The  weather  continuing  the  same  we  went  on  board  without  any  prospect  of  sailing. 
In  the  evening  lightning  and  rain. 

l\)lli.  This  day  wet  and  foggy.  In  the  morning,  after  breakfast,  went  on  shore 
and  visited  an  island  to  the  N.  W.,  exceeding  rougli  and  uneven.  About  eleven  vis- 
ited the  old  (Juaker,  who  treated  us  in  a  very  hoggish  manner,  never  a.skiiig  us  to  sit 


364: 


APPENDIX. 


ll 


u 


'I 


-fit' 

I'! 


dowTi,  and  he  took  four  shillings  lawful  for  one  dozen  of  cucumbers.  la  the  afternoon 
the  fog;  bcs^nn  to  disperse,  and  about  sunset  the  weather  was  ])C!t'cctly  ealm  and  serene. 

Aii'ju^l'lOtli.  Tliis  morniuy  awoke  about  2  o'clock  and  finding  a  steady  Rale  of 
S.  W.  wind  and  a  clear  sky  alarmed  the  Captain,  and  in  less  than  an  hour  after  we 
got  under  sail.  Before  sunrise  passed  Cape  Elizabeth.  At  9  or  10  entered  the 
mouth  of  the  Kenncbeck. 

Mr.  T.  Percy  came  on  board  and  informed  us  that  he  and  his  brother  were  obliged 
to  take  the  oath  from  the  complaint  of  Sam.  McCobb.  About  12  we  came  to  anchor 
in  Fiddler's  rrath.  Went  on  shore  with  Dr.  Mayer  at  C'apt.  Drummond's.  Pound 
him  a  violent  son  of  lib"rty  and  a  friend  to  the  French  alliance.  Ho  however  treated 
us  with  complaisance  and  invited  us  to  tarry  to  dinner;  after  which  we  visited  Mr. 
^IcFaddan  and  Mr.  Preble.  Towards  evening  returned  and  drank  tea  with  Mrs, 
l)rumnif)nd.  Capt.  Drunimond  having  furnished  us  with  a  biirge,  we  went  about  sun- 
set in  ])ursuit  of  tlie  sloop  and  overtook  her  in  the  gut,  where  wo  found  Carleton  ar- 
rived from  Hoston.  lie  left  that  port  the  evening  before  and  brought  intelligence  that 
the  French  llect  had  not  yet  returned.  A'ight  coming  on  and  the  wind  breezing,  my 
Woolwich  friends  advised  me  to  go  home  with  them.  In  consequence  of  this  invita- 
tion I  visited  Mr.  David  Gilmorc  and  tarried  with  him  till  the  ne.\.t  morning.  It  gave 
me  great  saliiuictiou  to  find  my  friends  in  so  good  spirits  here,  notwithstanding  the 
gloomy  aspect  of  publick  affairs.  I  cannot  forbear  reflecting  upon  the  peculiar  cir- 
cumstances of  our  rulers  at  this  season,  and  I  imagine  they  arc  highly  deceived. 
Tliey  are  certainly  imiorant  of  tlie  ])revailing  sentiment  and  disc(mtent  among  the 
people.  Tliey,  i'l  the  biginniiig  of  this  revolt,  flattered  the  iwer  classes  of  mankind 
and  addressed  them  with  misrepresentations  and  lies,  till  th'  inspired  them  with  en- 
thusiastic madnesij,  iind  directed  them,  iu  the  frenzy  of  their  zeal,  to  bully,  insult, 
mob  and  phiudcr  men  of  tlie  highest  worth,  integrity  and  consequence,  those 
very  persons  whom  they  had  hitherto  approached  with  reverence  and  listened  to  with 
attention,  whose  advice  and  authority  they  had  always  regarded  as  sacred  ;  everything 
was  cairied  by  nijisc,  persceution,  and  violence,  until  the  s'pirit  of  persecution  began 
to  sut)!-i(le  among  the  common  people  and  moderation  to  take  its  place.  Those  men 
who  had  advanced  themselves  into  the  higlicst  stations  of  government  during  these 
commotions,  took  it  for  granted  that  they  were  firmly  fixed  in  the  all'ictions  of  the 
rabble,  and  that  they  had  nothing  to  fear  except  a  few  Tories,  which  it  was  tlieir  prin- 
cipal concern  to  suppress.  For  this  purpose  they  enacted  the  most  cruel  and  unrea- 
sonable laws,  putting  it  iu  the  power  of  every  ill-natured  and  malicious  man  to  ruin 
his  neighbour.  These  institutions  are  so  severe  that  men  are  afraid  openly  to  ccm- 
plain,  yet  in  secret  they  cannot  forbear  expressing  the  highest  discontent  aiid  cha- 
grin, and  nothing  is  heard  in  private  cin'ners  except  murmurs  and  complaints,  and 
the  number  of  those  who  delight  in  persecution  is  very  inconsiderable  ;  this  sentiment 
is  almost  wholly  confined  to  those  who  can  gratify  their  revenge  by  the  persecution  of 
a  Tory  neighbour,  while  the  remainder  bitterly  execrate  the  authors  and  instruments 
of  the  action.  Now  all  the  uneasiness  and  clamor  which  ijrcvail  abroad  are  closely 
concealed  frum  the  legislative  body  which  sets  at  Boston  amid  the  bustle  of  warlike 
preparations  and  the  hurry  of  business.  For  who  would  venture  to  disclose  any  \in- 
v.'elcoriic  truth  when  he  is  liable  to  be  punished  for  sedition,  to  be  regarded  as  an  ene- 
my to  his  country,  and  pcrliaps  to  be  wliolly  deprived  of  his  freedom.  Every  one  who 
approaches  the  supreme  authority  by  way  of  petition  for  mercy,  or  request  for  favour, 
makes  it  his  piineipal  study  to  flatter  and  please.  He  Avill  not,  in  such  circumstances, 
excite  any  disagreeable  sensations  by  the  mention  of  unwelcome  truths,  but  labour  all 
in  his  power  to  preserve  the  utmost  good  humor,  and  carefully  suppress  every  sugges- 
tion tliat  may  tend  to  censure  or  repreliend  the  government  to  which  he  applies. 

21s;.  Tills  morning  rose  early  and  visited  Mr.  William  Gilmorc.  After  breakfast 
baptized,  before  a  large  num'ocr  of  people,  a  child  for  Capt.  FuUerton  ;  then  calling 


I 


APPENDIX. 


365 


my 


upon  Capt.  Smith  wc  went  on  board  and  took  our  things  in  order  to  proceed  home- 
ward, but  tlic  wind  (luickly  bi'gan  to  breeze  from  tlie  north,  attended  with  frequent 
thunder  squalls.  When  we  arrived,  after  much  fatigue,  at  the  Chops  of  Merry-meeting 
Bay,  we  found  Mr.  Hatch  and  Jackson  on  board  a  vessel  bound  to  Nantucket.  This 
incident  prevented  our  proceeding  any  farther,  and  obliged  us  to  go  on  shore,  where 
Wc  continued  above  four  hours,  but  perceiving;  a  formidable  thunder  shower  arising 
we  determined  to  visit  Capt.  Ilobbs'.  Wc  had  very  civil  entertainment  at  his  house, 
and  about  dark  embarked  and  continued  our  voyatfc  a  mile  beyond  the  Chops,  when  a 
violent  squall  burst  upon  us  from  the  north,  attended  with  uncommon  darkness  and 
cold.  It  was  with  extreme  dithculty  we  were  able  to  reach  the  shore,  upon  which  the 
waves  dashed  with  increasing  and  resistless  fury.  I  was  constrained  to  continue  above 
an  hour  holding  the  painter,  while  Dr.  Mayer  ran  to  solicit  assistance.  At  length, 
after  rambling  through  the  bushes,  and  over  burnt  logs  and  rocky  ledges,  he  appeared 
with  Mr.  John  Trot.(  ?  )  We  perceived  ourselves  to  be  but  a  few  rods  from  his  house, 
and  having  hauled  out  boat  into  a  cove,  with  watching  the  greater  part  of  the  night 
we  prevented  her  dashing  in  pieces. 

22(1.  After  breakfast,  the  wind  still  blowing  from  the  north-west,  wc  embarked,  and 
about  two  arrived  at  Pownalborough,  where  I  had  the  satisfaction  of  finding  my  family 
in  good  health,  though  they  had  greatly  suilered  in  my  absence  from  want  of  provis- 
ions. I  was  astonished  to  perceive  the  severity  of  the  drought  in  this  part  of  the 
country.  Almost  everything  was  consumed,  and  a  terrible  fire  raging  near  the  East- 
ern lliver,  rendered  the  prospect  still  more  distressing.  I  was  visited  this  afternoon 
by  several  of  my  friends. 

[Journals  missing  from  August  23d,  1778,  to  January  IGth,  1779,  inclusive.] 

1779. 

January  nth — Sundatj.    At  homo.    San's  ( ? )  preached.    Gushing  forbids  him. 

28/A,    Set  otF  on  a  journey.    Arrived  at  Whitchcasset. 

29//».    Arrived  at  Mr.  Rhode's,  in  Bristol. 

•ii)th.    A  snow  storm.    At  Mr.  Palmer's.    Lodged  at  Capt.  Vinal's. 

'61st.    At  night  at  Mr.  Palmer's. 

February  Isl.    At  Capt.  Yinal's,  Cremor's,  Chapman's,  and  (Ilev.  Dr.)  Shelibrd's. 

M.    Baptized  Eunice  Vinal.    Returned  to  Palmer's. 

4th.    Dined  at  Noble's  and  lodged  at  J.  Sevey's. 

5th.    Breakfasted  at  Mr.  Wood's.    Get  home  at  sunset. 

Glh.    Baptized  John  Carlow. 

Hth — ^iDxIaij.    Baptized  Anna  Costclo.    Mr.  Gardiner  here. 

2lst — Sunday.    Mr.  Gardiner  and  11  persons. 

March  1st.    At  home.    N.  Palmer  reads  his  confession. 

2d.    At  home.    John  (McNaraarra)  returns  from  Broad  Bay. 

Gth.    At  Mr.  Pochard's.    His  father  ill. 

"ith.    At  Mr.  Pochard's.    The  old  man  dies. 

Slh.    Mr.  Pochard  buried. 

11/A.    Mr.  Lawrence's  child  buried. 

lith.    At  Mr.  Lawrence's.    Baptized  Amos  and  Betsy  Hitchins. 

Idth.    Rode  to  Mr.  R.  Turner's.    Tarried  all  night. 

20//I.    Rode  home. 

April  ilfi — Sunday.    Company. 

5ih.    Chose  the  same  church  officers. 


r. 


ERRATA. 
Page  240,  Note ;  for  L'Esarbot,  read  L'Escarbot. 
Page  251,  Note ;  for  Christ's  Church,  read  Christ  Church. 


:i    t 
1 1* 


l,T,f 


li: 


I 


